JP2018011067A - プラズマ活性化されるコンフォーマル誘電体膜 - Google Patents
プラズマ活性化されるコンフォーマル誘電体膜 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2010年4月15日に出願された米国仮特許出願第61/324,710号、2010年8月10日に出願された米国仮特許出願第61/372,367号、2010年9月1日に出願された米国仮特許出願第61/379,081号、2010年9月29日に出願された米国仮特許出願第61/417,807号の利益を主張する、2011年4月11日に出願された米国特許出願第13/084,399号の継続出願として、35 U.S.C.120の下に優先権を主張するものである。各上記特許出願は、その全てがあらゆる目的で、本明細書に参照により組込まれる。また、本出願は、2011年4月11日に出願された米国特許出願第13/084,305号の継続出願でもあり、その全てがあらゆる目的で本明細書に参照により組込まれる。
(A)紫外線硬化した後に水素アニールを行うCFDによって合成される、誘電体膜の堆積後処理。最も単純な実施形態では、固定電荷を低減するために、紫外線処理のみが使用される。
(B)H2−プラズマ、N2−プラズマ、N2/H2−プラズマ、NH3−プラズマ、Ar−プラズマ、He−プラズマ、Heアニール、H2−アニール、NH3−アニール、及びHe、H2、Ar、N2、H2/N2−フォーミングガス、NH3の存在下での紫外線硬化を含む、処理を伴う、CFD−誘電体膜堆積前の基板の前処理。プラズマ処理は、マイクロ波、ICPリモート、ダイレクトプラズマ発生装置等を含むが、これらに限定されない様々なプラズマ発生装置で可能である。
(C)H2−プラズマ、N2−プラズマ、N2/H2−プラズマ、NH3−プラズマ、Ar−プラズマ、He−プラズマ、Heアニール、H2−アニール、NH3−アニール、及びHe、H2、Ar、N2、H2/N2−フォーミングガス、NH3の存在下での紫外線硬化を含む、処理を伴う、同時処理(堆積中に硬化)。プラズマ処理は、マイクロ波、ICPリモート、ダイレクトプラズマ発生装置、及び当業者に既知の他のプラズマ発生装置を含むが、これらに限定されない様々なプラズマ発生装置で実行可能である。リモートプラズマ、紫外線照射、ダイレクトプラズマ、及びマイクロ波プラズマを含むが、これらに限定されない等方的及び指向的な処理が、適用されることができる。例示的な方法としては、CFDサイクル群間に膜を断続的に処理する方法が挙げられる。CFDサイクル群は、約1〜10,000サイクルまで様々とすることができる。典型的なシナリオは、(1)5サイクルのCFD酸化物成長、その後(2)上述した方法の何れかで1つ又は複数の膜処理(例えば、He−プラズマ、紫外線処理)、その後(3)5サイクルのCFD酸化物成長を含む。この方法は、任意の所望される厚さの膜を成長するために使用されることができる。
(D)任意の上記プラズマによる副産物として施される(例えば、ヘリウムプラズマが、紫外線を照射する)紫外線処理。
He−プラズマを介した紫外線処理
BTBASのドーズ
パージ
O2/Ar−RFプラズマ活性化
パージ
ステップ1〜5を繰返して、所望される厚さの膜を生成。
載置台温度=400℃
雰囲気= He
圧力=40トルHe
流量=10,000sccm
載置台温度=400℃
雰囲気=H2+N2
圧力=2.5トル
流量=750sccm H2;3000sccm N2
ドーパント種源として機能する誘電体膜には、様々な特徴がある。様々な実施形態では、膜厚は、約20〜200オングストロームである。場合によっては、三次元トランジスタ構造体のソース−ドレインエクステンション領域のフロントエンドをドープするため等には、膜厚は、約50〜100オングストロームである。誘電体膜におけるドーパント原子(又は、他のドーパント種)の平均濃度は、膜の単位表面積当たりの総量の他、膜及びドープ適用部におけるドーパント原子の拡散率を含む様々な因子によって決まる。ある実施形態では、膜におけるドーパント濃度は、約0.01〜10重量%である。更なる実施形態では、膜におけるドーパント濃度は、約0.1〜1重量%である。また更なる実施形態では、膜におけるドーパント濃度は、約0.5〜4重量%である。本明細書に記載された技術により、広範囲、例えば約0.01〜10重量パーセントにわたるドーパント濃度の調整が可能になる。例えば、ホウ素濃度は、CFD誘電体膜において、約0.1〜4.3重量%に容易に調整可能であることが実証されている。ある実施形態では、5、7、10及び12nmのCFD膜が、約0.1〜0.5重量%のホウ素で成長される。
誘電体ソース層が形成される基板表面は、高コンフォーマルな堆積を必要とすることがある。ある実施例では、誘電体ソース膜は、約1:0.5〜1:12(特には、約1:1〜1:8)のアスペクト比を有し、約60nm以下(特には、約30nm以下)の形体幅を有する形体をコンフォーマルにコーティングする。本明細書に記載された種類の誘電体ソース層を使用するドープは、22nmテクノロジノード、16nmテクノロジノード等を含む、45nmテクノロジノード以降に従い形成されたデバイスで、特に適用が見られるであろう。
CFDのホウ素ドープシリカガラス(BSG)膜が、用意され、該膜は、複雑な三次元ゲート構成に関して略100%の段差被覆性を達成した。同様の結果が、リンドープシリカガラス(PSG)でも予想される。ホウ素又はリンは、かかる膜から、ソース及びドレイン接合部の縦横領域に、ドーパント拡散下でコンフォーマル/均質にする次なるアニールステップ中に、打込可能である。図20は、CFDのBSG/PSG膜を合成するのに使用される、典型的な堆積ブロックを示している。CFD酸化物の成長サイクルは、(a)SiO2前駆体(BTBAS)の飽和ドーズ量、(b)残留前駆体種を洗い流すための不活性なパージ、(c)酸化プラズマステップ、及び(d)反応副産物を除去するための不活性ガスパージを含む。このメカニズムにより確実に、反応をセルフリミッティングなものにし、これらの膜で優れたコンフォーマリティが観察されるようにできる。ホウ素又はリン曝露ステップは、CFD酸化物成長中に定期的に挿入され、次に圧送及びパージ順序が続き、必要であれば、任意のRFピンニング/硬化ステップ(例えば、プラズマへの曝露)が行われる。この堆積ブロックは、目標BSG/PSGの厚さによって、必要に応じて何回でも繰返される。図20を参照されたい。
当然ながら、任意の適当な処理ステーションが、上述した実施形態の1つ又は複数で用いられてもよい。例えば、図13は、CFD処理ステーション1300の実施形態を図式的に示している。簡単にするために、CFD処理ステーション1300は、低圧環境を維持するための処理チャンバ本体1302を有するスタンドアロンの処理ステーションとして表されている。しかし、当然ながら、複数のCFD処理ステーション1300が、一般的な低圧処理のツール環境に含まれてもよい。図13で図示された実施形態では、1つの処理ステーションを示しているが、当然ながら、実施形態によっては、複数の処理ステーションが、処理ツールに含まれてもよい。例えば、図14は、マルチステーション処理ツール2400の実施形態について図示している。更に、当然ながら、実施形態によっては、以下で詳述されるものを含む、CFD処理ステーション1300の1つ又は複数のハードウェアパラメータが、1台又は複数のコンピュータコントローラによって、プログラム的に調節されてもよい。
Claims (41)
- 反応チャンバにおいて基板表面に膜を堆積する方法であって、
(a)第1反応物が前記基板表面に吸着可能な条件下で、前記反応チャンバに前記第1反応物を導入すること、
(b)前記第1反応物が前記基板表面に吸着されている間に、前記反応チャンバに第2反応物を導入すること、
(c)前記第1反応物と前記第2反応物との間の反応を前記基板表面にもたらして、前記膜の一部を形成するために、前記基板表面をプラズマに曝露すること、
(d)(a)〜(c)を少なくとも1回繰返すこと、
(e)(a)〜(d)の間には導入されないドーパント含有材料を、該ドーパント含有材料が前記膜の被曝露面と接触可能な条件下で、前記反応チャンバに導入すること、
(f)前記ドーパント含有材料から前記膜にドーパントを導入すること
を備える、方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法は更に、(g)(e)又は(f)の後に(a)〜(c)を繰返すことを備える、方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法は更に、(g)(a)〜(e)を繰返すことを備える、方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、(a)〜(c)の間に堆積される膜の量は、約0.5〜1オングストロームである、方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法は更に、前記膜が存在する前記基板表面の形体に、前記膜からの前記ドーパントを打込むことを更に含む、方法。
- 請求項5に記載の方法において、前記膜から前記ドーパントを打込むことは、前記膜をアニールすることを含む、方法。
- 請求項5に記載の方法において、前記膜は、前記基板表面の三次元の形体上に存在し、前記膜から前記ドーパントを打込むことで、前記形体に前記ドーパントをコンフォーマルに拡散させる、方法。
- 請求項7に記載の方法において、前記形体の幅は、約40ナノメートル以下である、方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、更に、前記基板表面をプラズマに曝露する前に、前記反応チャンバから前記第2反応物をパージすることを備える、方法。
- 請求項9に記載の方法において、前記パージすることは、酸化体を含むガスを、前記反応チャンバに流入させることを含む、方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記第1反応物および前記第2反応物は、前記反応チャンバ内において気相で共存し、前記第1反応物および前記第2反応物は、(c)でプラズマに曝露されるまで、前記反応チャンバ内において互いにはっきりとは反応しない、方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記ドーパントを前記膜に導入することは、前記ドーパント含有材料をプラズマに曝露することを含む、方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記第1反応物は、酸化剤である方法。
- 請求項13に記載の方法において、前記酸化剤は、亜酸化窒素である、方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記第2反応物は、
アルキルアミノシラン(SiHx(NR2)4−x)、(式中x=1〜3、Rは、アルキル基を含む)、及び
ハロシラン(SiHxY4−x)、(式中x=1〜3、Yは、Cl、Br、及びIを含む)
から成る群から選択される、方法。 - 前記第2反応物は、BTBASである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記ドーパント含有材料は、ホスフィン、アルシン、アルキルボラン、アルキルガラン、アルキルホスフィン、ハロゲン化リン、ハロゲン化ヒ素、ハロゲン化ガリウム、ハロゲン化ホウ素、アルキルボラン、及びジボランから成る群から選択される、方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記膜は、誘電体膜である、方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、総膜厚は、約10〜100オングストロームである、方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記膜におけるドーパント濃度は、約0.01〜10重量%である、方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、さらに、
フォトレジストを前記基板表面に塗布すること、
前記フォトレジストを光にさらすこと、
前記レジストをパターニングし、前記基板表面に前記パターンを転写すること、
前記基板表面から前記フォトレジストを選択的に除去すること、
を備える方法。 - 反応チャンバにおいて基板表面に誘電体膜を堆積する方法であって、
(a)酸化体が前記基板表面に吸着可能な条件下で、前記反応チャンバに前記酸化体を流入させること、
(b)前記酸化体が、前記反応チャンバに流入し続けている間に、誘電性前駆体を前記反応チャンバに導入すること、
(c)前記基板表面での前記誘電性前駆体と酸化体との反応をもたらして、前記誘電体膜の一部を形成するために、前記基板表面をプラズマに曝露すること、
(d)(a)〜(c)の間には導入されないドーパント含有材料を、前記ドーパント含有材料が前記誘電体膜の被曝露面と接触可能な条件下で、前記反応チャンバに導入すること、
(e)前記ドーパント含有材料からドーパントを、前記誘電体膜に取込ませること
を含む方法。 - 請求項22に記載の方法において、前記誘電性前駆体は、BTBASである、方法。
- 請求項22に記載の方法において、さらに、前記誘電体膜からドーパントを基板に打込むことを備える、方法。
- 請求項22に記載の方法において、操作(a)〜(c)は繰返される、方法。
- 請求項25に記載の方法において、(a)が最初に実行されるときには、前記酸化体は、酸素対窒素を第1比率で含有し、(a)が繰返されるときには、前記酸化体は、酸素対窒素を、前記第1比率よりも小さい第2比率で含有する、方法。
- 請求項26に記載の方法において、前記酸化体は、(a)が最初に実行されるときには、酸素元素を含み、前記酸化体は、(a)が繰返されるときには、亜酸化窒素を含む、方法。
- 請求項25に記載の方法において、前記基板は、(c)が最初に実行されるときには、第1温度であり、前記基板は、(c)が繰返されるときには、前記第1温度より高い第2温度である、方法。
- 請求項22に記載の方法において、さらに、(a)の前に、前記基板表面を前記ドーパント含有材料と接触させることを備える、方法。
- 反応チャンバにおいて基板表面に誘電体膜を堆積する方法であって、
(a)誘電性前駆体が前記基板表面に吸着可能な条件下で、前記反応チャンバに前記誘電性前駆体を導入すること、
(b)その後、前記誘電性前駆体が前記基板表面に吸着された状態のままで、前記反応チャンバから前記誘電性前駆体をパージすること、
(c)前記基板表面における前記誘電性前駆体の反応をもたらして、前記誘電体膜の一部を形成するために、前記基板表面をプラズマに曝露すること、
(d)(a)〜(c)の間には導入されないドーパント前駆体を、前記ドーパント前駆体が前記誘電体膜の一部と接触可能な条件下で、前記反応チャンバに導入すること
を備える方法。 - 請求項30に記載の方法において、さらに、(a)〜(c)の前及び間に、酸化体を前記反応チャンバに流入させることを備える、方法。
- 請求項30に記載の方法において、さらに、(e)ドーパントを前記誘電体膜に導入するために、前記ドーパント前駆体を反応させることを備える、方法。
- ドープ膜を基板表面に堆積するための装置であって、
前記ドープ膜の堆積中、前記基板を保持するデバイスを含む反応チャンバと、
前記反応チャンバに結合されている1又は複数の処理ガス入口、
コントローラであって、
(a)第1反応物が前記基板表面に吸着可能な条件下で、前記反応チャンバに前記第1反応物を導入すること、
(b)前記第1反応物が前記基板表面に吸着されている間に、第2反応物を前記反応チャンバに導入すること、
(c)前記第1反応物と前記第2反応物との間の反応を前記基板表面でもたらして、前記ドープ膜の一部を形成するために、前記基板表面をプラズマに曝露する、
(d)(a)〜(c)を少なくとも1回繰返すこと;
(e)(a)〜(d)の間には導入されないドーパント含有材料を、前記ドーパント含有材料が前記ドープ膜の被曝露面と接触可能な条件下で、前記反応チャンバに導入すること、
(f)前記ドーパント含有材料から前記ドープ膜にドーパントを導入すること
を前記装置に実行させるよう設計又は構成されているコントローラ
を備える装置。 - 請求項33に記載の装置において、前記コントローラは、さらに、前記装置が、(a)〜(d)の前及び間に酸化体を前記反応チャンバに流入させるように設計又は構成されている、装置。
- 請求項33に記載の装置において、前記コントローラは、さらに、(g)(e)又は(f)の後に(a)〜(c)を繰返させるように設計又は構成されている、装置。
- 請求項33に記載の装置において、前記コントローラは、さらに、(g)前記ドープ膜から前記ドーパントを、前記ドープ膜が存在する前記基板表面の形体に打込ませるように設計又は構成されている、装置。
- 請求項36に記載の装置において、前記ドープ膜から前記ドーパントを打込むことは、前記ドープ膜をアニールすることを含む、装置。
- 請求項33に記載の装置において、前記コントローラは、さらに、前記基板表面をプラズマに曝露する前に、前記第2反応物を前記反応チャンバからパージさせるように設計又は構成されている、装置。
- 請求項38に記載の装置において、前記パージは、酸化体を含むガスを、前記反応チャンバに流入させることを含む、装置。
- 請求項33に記載の装置において、前記コントローラは、さらに、(e)が、(a)〜(d)の1回又は複数回繰返す間の間隔で実行されるように、設計又は構成され、前記間隔は、前記ドープ膜を堆積する期間に亘り、変化する、装置。
- 請求項33に記載の前記装置とステッパを含むシステム。
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KR20140079431A (ko) | 2014-06-26 |
TW201616576A (zh) | 2016-05-01 |
CN103890910B (zh) | 2017-05-17 |
CN107342216B (zh) | 2022-05-31 |
KR101975071B1 (ko) | 2019-05-03 |
CN107342216A (zh) | 2017-11-10 |
SG11201400633RA (en) | 2014-08-28 |
TWI602245B (zh) | 2017-10-11 |
TW201330096A (zh) | 2013-07-16 |
JP2014532304A (ja) | 2014-12-04 |
TW201735162A (zh) | 2017-10-01 |
JP6199292B2 (ja) | 2017-09-20 |
WO2013043330A1 (en) | 2013-03-28 |
KR20190049906A (ko) | 2019-05-09 |
KR102084901B1 (ko) | 2020-03-05 |
TWI682459B (zh) | 2020-01-11 |
TWI531001B (zh) | 2016-04-21 |
CN103890910A (zh) | 2014-06-25 |
SG10201607194PA (en) | 2016-10-28 |
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