JP2009505163A - テーパ縁を実現するために、memsデバイス内に層を形成するための方法 - Google Patents
テーパ縁を実現するために、memsデバイス内に層を形成するための方法 Download PDFInfo
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- G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
- G02B26/08—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
- G02B26/0816—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light by means of one or more reflecting elements
- G02B26/0833—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light by means of one or more reflecting elements the reflecting element being a micromechanical device, e.g. a MEMS mirror, DMD
- G02B26/0841—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light by means of one or more reflecting elements the reflecting element being a micromechanical device, e.g. a MEMS mirror, DMD the reflecting element being moved or deformed by electrostatic means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
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- B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
- B81B3/00—Devices comprising flexible or deformable elements, e.g. comprising elastic tongues or membranes
- B81B3/0064—Constitution or structural means for improving or controlling the physical properties of a device
- B81B3/0067—Mechanical properties
- B81B3/0072—For controlling internal stress or strain in moving or flexible elements, e.g. stress compensating layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81C—PROCESSES OR APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- B81C1/00—Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate
- B81C1/00015—Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate for manufacturing microsystems
- B81C1/00134—Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate for manufacturing microsystems comprising flexible or deformable structures
- B81C1/00142—Bridges
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81C—PROCESSES OR APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- B81C1/00—Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate
- B81C1/00642—Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate for improving the physical properties of a device
- B81C1/0065—Mechanical properties
- B81C1/00666—Treatments for controlling internal stress or strain in MEMS structures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
- G02B26/001—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements based on interference in an adjustable optical cavity
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
- B81B2201/00—Specific applications of microelectromechanical systems
- B81B2201/04—Optical MEMS
- B81B2201/047—Optical MEMS not provided for in B81B2201/042 - B81B2201/045
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
- B81B2203/00—Basic microelectromechanical structures
- B81B2203/01—Suspended structures, i.e. structures allowing a movement
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B81C—PROCESSES OR APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- B81C2201/00—Manufacture or treatment of microstructural devices or systems
- B81C2201/01—Manufacture or treatment of microstructural devices or systems in or on a substrate
- B81C2201/0161—Controlling physical properties of the material
- B81C2201/0163—Controlling internal stress of deposited layers
- B81C2201/0167—Controlling internal stress of deposited layers by adding further layers of materials having complementary strains, i.e. compressive or tensile strain
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
特定のMEMSデバイスは、テーパ縁を有するようにパターン形成された層を含む。テーパ縁を有する層を形成するための1つの方法は、エッチング誘導層を使用することを含む。テーパ縁を有する層を形成するための別の一方法は、上方部分が下方部分よりも速い速度でエッチング可能な層を堆積することを含む。テーパ縁を有する層を形成するための別の一方法は、複数の反復エッチングを使用することを含む。テーパ縁を有する層を形成するための別の一方法は、リフトオフマスクの上に層が堆積され、そのマスク層が除去された後、テーパ縁を有する構造が残されるように、負の角度を含む開口を有するリフトオフマスクを使用することを含む。
Description
Claims (70)
- MEMSデバイスを製造する方法であって、
電極層を形成する段階と、
前記電極層の上にマスクを形成する段階と、
隔離電極部材を形成するために、前記マスクを使用して前記電極層をパターン形成する段階と、
外向きのテーパ縁部分を形成するために、前記電極部材をテーパリングする段階と、
を備え、前記マスクの少なくとも一部は、前記テーパリングの間その場所にとどまる、方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法であって、
前記電極層をパターン形成する段階、および前記電極部材をテーパリングする段階は、単一のエッチングプロセスを含み、前記マスクは、前記エッチングプロセスの間その場所にとどまる、方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法であって、更に、
前記電極層の上にエッチング誘導層を形成する段階を備え、前記エッチング誘導層は、前記マスクと前記電極層との間に形成される、方法。 - 請求項3に記載の方法であって、
前記電極部材をテーパリングする段階は、前記エッチング誘導層を前記電極部材よりも速い速度でエッチングするエッチングを使用して、前記電極部材をエッチングすることを含む、方法。 - 請求項3に記載の方法であって、
前記電極部材をテーパリングする段階は、
前記電極部材をほとんどエッチングしない第1のエッチングによって、前記エッチング誘導層の一部をエッチングすることと、
前記外向きのテーパ縁部分を形成するために、続いて、前記電極部材をエッチングすることと、
を含む、方法。 - 請求項3に記載の方法であって、更に、
前記電極層の堆積に先立って、犠牲層を形成する段階を備え、前記電極層は、前記犠牲層の上に形成される、方法。 - 請求項6に記載の方法であって、
前記エッチング誘導層は、前記犠牲層をエッチングするエッチングによってエッチング可能である、方法。 - 請求項7に記載の方法であって、
前記電極部材をテーパリングする段階は、更に、
前記エッチング誘導層と前記電極部材との間で非選択性で、前記第1の犠牲層を露出させない第1のエッチングによって、前記エッチング誘導層および前記電極部材の一部をエッチングすることと、
前記エッチング誘導層に対して選択性で、前記第1の犠牲層の一部を露出させる第2のエッチングによって、前記電極部材の一部をエッチングすることと、
を含む、方法。 - 請求項8に記載の方法であって、更に、
前記第2のエッチングを実施した後に、前記エッチング誘導層の上位の(上にある、上に位置する)前記マスクを除去する段階と、
第3のエッチングを通じて前記エッチング誘導層を除去する段階と、
を備える方法。 - 請求項9に記載の方法であって、
前記第3のエッチングは、前記電極層に対して選択性である、方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法であって、
前記電極層を形成する段階は、前記層の厚さとともに変化する特性を有する前記電極層を形成することを含む、方法。 - 請求項11に記載の方法であって、
前記層の厚さとともに変化する特性を有する前記電極層を形成する段階は、前記電極層の堆積の最中にプロセス条件を変化させることを含む、方法。 - 請求項11に記載の方法であって、
前記層の厚さとともに変化する特性を有する前記電極層を形成する段階は、
前記第1の犠牲層の上に第1の副層を堆積することと、
前記テーパリングで使用されるエッチャントによって前記第1の副層よりも速い速度でエッチング可能な少なくとも1枚の第2の副層を、前記第1の副層の上に堆積することと、
を含む、方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法であって、
前記電極層の上にマスクを形成する段階は、前記電極層に対する接着に乏しいマスクを堆積することを含む、方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法であって、
前記電極部材をテーパリングする段階は、
前記電極層の露出部分をエッチングすることと、
前記マスクの一部を除去することによって、前記電極層の追加部分を露出させることと、
前記電極層の前記露出部分と、前記マスクの一部の除去によって露出された前記追加部分とをエッチングすることと、
を含む、方法。 - 請求項15に記載の方法であって、
前記マスクの一部を除去する段階は、前記マスクを部分的にアッシングすることを含む、方法。 - 請求項15に記載の方法であって、更に、
前記電極層の下にエッチング停止層を形成する段階を備える方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法であって、更に、
基板の上に下部電極層を形成する段階と、
前記下部電極層の上に第1の犠牲層を形成することと、
を備え、前記隔離電極部材は、前記第1の犠牲層の上に形成される、方法。 - 請求項18に記載の方法であって、更に、
前記隔離電極部材の上に第2の犠牲層を形成する段階と、
前記隔離電極部材の一部を露出させるために、前記第2の犠牲層をパターン形成することと、
前記第2の犠牲層と、前記隔離電極部材の前記露出部分との上に、機械層を形成することと、
を備える方法。 - 請求項18に記載の方法であって、更に、
前記第1の犠牲層を除去し、前記下部電極層と前記隔離電極部材との間に位置するエアギャップを形成する段階を備える方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法であって、
前記電極層を形成する段階は、実質的に平坦な下面を有する反射層を形成することを含む、方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法であって、
前記MEMSデバイスは、インターフェロメトリックモジュレータである、方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法によって形成されるMEMSデバイス。
- MEMSデバイスを製造する方法であって、
基板の上に犠牲層を形成する段階と、
開口を形成するために、前記犠牲層をパターン形成する段階と、
前記パターン形成された犠牲層の上に支持層を形成する段階と、
前記支持層の上にマスクを形成する段階と、
前記犠牲層内の開口内に少なくとも部分的に位置する少なくとも1つの支持構造を形成するために、前記マスクを使用して前記支持層をパターン形成する段階と、
テーパ縁を形成するために、前記支持構造をテーパリングする段階と、
を備え、前記マスクの少なくとも一部は、前記テーパリングの間その場所にとどまる、方法。 - 請求項24に記載の方法であって、
前記支持層をパターン形成する段階、および前記支持構造をテーパリングする段階は、単一のエッチングプロセスを含み、前記マスクは、前記エッチングプロセスの間その場所にとどまる、方法。 - 請求項24に記載の方法であって、更に、
前記支持層の上にエッチング誘導層を形成する段階を備え、前記エッチング誘導層は、前記マスクと前記支持層との間に形成される、方法。 - 請求項26に記載の方法であって、
前記支持構造をテーパリングする段階は、前記エッチング誘導層を前記支持構造よりも速い速度でエッチングするエッチングを使用することを含む、方法。 - 請求項26に記載の方法であって、
前記支持構造をテーパリングする段階は、
前記支持構造をほとんどエッチングしない第1のエッチングを使用して、前記エッチング誘導層の一部をエッチングすることと、
前記少なくとも1つの支持構造を形成するために、続いて、前記支持層をエッチングすることと、
を含む、方法。 - 請求項24に記載の方法であって、
前記支持層を形成する段階は、前記層の厚さとともに変化する特性を有する支持層を形成することを含む、方法。 - 請求項29に記載の方法であって、
前記層の厚さとともに変化する特性を有する前記支持層を形成する段階は、前記支持層の堆積の最中にプロセス条件を変化させることを含む、方法。 - 請求項29に記載の方法であって、
前記層の厚さとともに変化する特性を有する前記支持層を形成する段階は、
前記犠牲層の上に第1の副層を堆積することと、
前記テーパリングの最中に使用されるエッチャントによって前記第1の副層よりも速い速度でエッチング可能な少なくとも1枚の第2の副層を、前記第1の副層の上に堆積することと、
を含む、方法。 - 請求項24に記載の方法であって、
前記支持層の上にマスクを形成する段階は、前記支持層に対する接着に乏しいマスクを堆積することを含む、方法。 - 請求項24に記載の方法であって、
前記支持構造をテーパリングする段階は、
前記支持層の露出部分をエッチングすることと、
前記マスクの一部を除去し、前記支持構造の追加部分を露出させることと、
前記露出部分と、前記マスクの一部の除去によって露出された前記追加部分とをエッチングすることと、
を含む、方法。 - 請求項33に記載の方法であって、
前記マスクの一部を除去する段階は、前記マスクを部分的にアッシングすることを含む、方法。 - 請求項33に記載の方法であって、更に、
前記犠牲層と前記支持層との間にエッチング停止層を形成する段階を備える方法。 - 請求項24に記載の方法であって、更に、
前記少なくとも1つの支持構造に隣接して移動可能層を形成する段階を備える方法。 - 請求項36に記載の方法であって、
前記移動可能層は、前記支持材料の層の堆積後に形成され、前記少なくとも1つの支持構造の上に形成される、方法。 - 請求項36に記載の方法であって、
前記移動可能層を形成する段階は、
前記犠牲層の上に反射性副層を形成することと、
前記反射性副層の上に機械的副層を形成することと、
を含む、方法。 - 請求項24に記載の方法であって、更に、
前記犠牲層を除去するためにリリースエッチングを実施し、前記移動可能層と前記基板との間に位置するエアギャップを形成する段階を備える方法。 - 請求項24に記載の方法であって、更に、
前記犠牲層の堆積に先立って、前記基板の上に下部電極層を形成する段階を備え、前記犠牲層は、前記下部電極層の上に形成される、方法。 - 請求項24に記載の方法であって、
前記MEMSデバイスは、インターフェロメトリックモジュレータである、方法。 - 請求項24に記載の方法によって形成されるMEMSデバイス。
- MEMSデバイスを製造する方法であって、
基板の上に電極層を形成する段階と、
前記電極層の上に犠牲層を形成する段階と、
前記犠牲層を通って伸びる少なくとも1つのテーパ開口を形成するために、前記犠牲層をパターン形成する段階と、
前記犠牲層を通って伸びる前記テーパ開口の上位の開口を含むマスク層を形成する段階であって、前記マスク層は、前記マスク層内の前記開口の周囲に広がるオーバーハング部分を含み、
前記マスク層の上に支持層を堆積する段階と、
リフトオフプロセスを通じて前記マスク層を除去することによって、前記犠牲層を通って伸びる前記テーパ開口内に少なくとも部分的に位置する支持構造を形成する段階と、
前記支持構造に隣接して移動可能層を形成する段階と、
を備える方法。 - 請求項43に記載の方法であって、
前記支持構造は、テーパ縁を含む、方法。 - 請求項43に記載の方法であって、
前記支持層は、前記犠牲層を通って伸びる前記テーパ開口の側壁の上に直接堆積される、方法。 - 請求項43に記載の方法であって、更に、
前記犠牲層を除去するためにリリースエッチングを実施し、前記電極層と前記移動可能層との間に位置するエアギャップを形成する段階を備える方法。 - 請求項43に記載の方法であって、
前記移動可能層を形成する段階は、
前記犠牲層の上に反射性副層を形成することと、
前記反射性副層の上に機械的副層を形成することと、
を含む、方法。 - 請求項43に記載の方法であって、
前記MEMSデバイスは、インターフェロメトリックモジュレータを含む、方法。 - 請求項43に記載の方法であって、
前記移動可能層は、前記支持構造を形成した後に形成される、方法。 - 請求項43に記載の方法であって、
前記マスク層は、フォトレジスト材料を含む、方法。 - 請求項50に記載の方法であって、
前記マスク層は、二層フォトレジストを含む、方法。 - 請求項50に記載の方法であって、
前記マスク層を形成する段階は、
リフトオフ材料の層を堆積することと、
フォトレジスト材料の層を堆積することと、
前記フォトレジスト材料を通って伸びる上部開口を形成するために、前記フォトレジスト材料をパターン形成することと、
前記フォトレジスト材料を通って伸びる前記上部開口の下位の(下にある、下に位置する)前記リフトオフ材料をエッチングすることと、
を含み、前記エッチングは、前記マスク層の前記オーバーハング部分を形成するために、前記フォトレジスト材料の層をアンダカットすることによって、前記マスク層を通って伸びる前記開口を形成することを含む、方法。 - 請求項50に記載の方法であって、
テーパ開口を形成するために、前記犠牲層をパターン形成する段階は、更に、前記犠牲層をパターン形成してテーパ開口を形成するために、前記マスク層を使用することを含む、方法。 - 請求項43に記載の方法であって、
前記支持層は、蒸発またはスパッタリングのプロセスを通じて堆積される、方法。 - 請求項43に記載の方法であって、更に、
リフトオフプロセスを通じて前記マスク層を除去することに先立って、前記支持層を超音波エネルギに暴露する段階を備える方法。 - 請求項43に記載の方法によって形成されるMEMSデバイス。
- MEMSデバイスを製造する方法であって、
基板の上に電極層を形成する段階と、
外周付近に広がる負の角度を有するマスクを前記電極層の上に形成する段階と、
前記マスクの上に犠牲材料の層を堆積する段階と、
リフトオフプロセスを通じて前記マスクを除去し、テーパ開口を含む犠牲層を形成する段階と、
前記テーパ開口内に少なくとも部分的に位置する支持構造を形成する段階と、
前記支持構造に隣接して移動可能層を形成する段階と、
を備える方法。 - 請求項57に記載の方法であって、更に、
前記犠牲層を除去するためにリリースエッチングを実施し、前記移動可能層と前記電極層との間に位置するエアギャップを形成する段階を備える方法。 - 請求項57に記載の方法であって、
前記支持構造を形成する段階は、
前記パターン形成された犠牲層の上に支持材料の層を堆積することと、
前記開口内に少なくとも部分的に位置する支持構造を形成するために、前記支持材料の層をパターン形成することと、
を含み、前記移動可能層は、前記支持構造の上に堆積される、方法。 - 請求項57に記載の方法であって、
前記マスクは、フォトレジスト材料を含む、方法。 - 請求項60に記載の方法であって、
前記マスクは、二層フォトレジストを含む、方法。 - 請求項60に記載の方法であって、
前記マスクを形成する段階は、
リフトオフ材料の層を堆積することと、
フォトレジスト材料の層を堆積することと、
前記フォトレジスト材料を通って伸びる開口を形成するために、前記フォトレジスト材料をパターン形成することと、
前記フォトレジスト材料を通って伸びる前記開口の下位の前記リフトオフ材料をエッチングすることと、
を含み、前記エッチングは、前記マスク層の前記オーバーハング部分を形成するために、前記フォトレジスト材料の層をアンダカットすることを含む、方法。 - 請求項57に記載の方法であって、
前記犠牲材料の層は、物理的気相成長プロセスを通じて堆積される、方法。 - 請求項57に記載の方法によって形成されるMEMSデバイス。
- MEMSデバイスを製造する方法であって、
基板の上に下部電極層を形成する段階と、
前記電極層の上に犠牲層を形成する段階と、
前記犠牲層の上位にマスク層を形成する段階であって、前記マスク層は、縁の周囲に広がるオーバーハング部分を有する開口を含み、
前記マスク層の上に電極材料の層を堆積する段階と、
リフトオフプロセスを通じて前記マスク層を除去する段階によって、外向きのテーパ縁を有する少なくとも1つの隔離電極部材を形成する段階と、を含む。 - 請求項65に記載の方法であって、更に、
前記隔離電極部材の上位に第2の犠牲層を形成する段階と、
前記隔離電極部材の少なくとも一部を露出させる開口を形成するために、前記第2の犠牲層をパターン形成することと、
前記第2の犠牲層の上に機械層を堆積することと、
を備える方法。 - 請求項65に記載の方法であって、更に、
リリースエッチングを通じて前記犠牲層を除去することによって、前記隔離電極部材と前記下部電極層との間に位置するエアギャップを形成する段階を備える方法。 - 請求項65に記載の方法であって、
前記マスク層は、フォトレジスト材料を含む、方法。 - 請求項65に記載の方法であって、
前記電極材料の層は、蒸発またはスパッタリングのプロセスを通じて堆積される、方法。 - 請求項65に記載の方法によって形成されるMEMSデバイス。
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