JP5180076B2 - 応力に起因する変形を最小限に抑えるように構成された支持構造を有するmemsデバイス、およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
応力に起因する変形を最小限に抑えるように構成された支持構造を有するmemsデバイス、およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5180076B2 JP5180076B2 JP2008527197A JP2008527197A JP5180076B2 JP 5180076 B2 JP5180076 B2 JP 5180076B2 JP 2008527197 A JP2008527197 A JP 2008527197A JP 2008527197 A JP2008527197 A JP 2008527197A JP 5180076 B2 JP5180076 B2 JP 5180076B2
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
- B81B3/00—Devices comprising flexible or deformable elements, e.g. comprising elastic tongues or membranes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
- G02B26/08—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
- G02B26/0816—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light by means of one or more reflecting elements
- G02B26/0833—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light by means of one or more reflecting elements the reflecting element being a micromechanical device, e.g. a MEMS mirror, DMD
- G02B26/0841—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light by means of one or more reflecting elements the reflecting element being a micromechanical device, e.g. a MEMS mirror, DMD the reflecting element being moved or deformed by electrostatic means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
- B81B3/00—Devices comprising flexible or deformable elements, e.g. comprising elastic tongues or membranes
- B81B3/0064—Constitution or structural means for improving or controlling the physical properties of a device
- B81B3/0067—Mechanical properties
- B81B3/0072—For controlling internal stress or strain in moving or flexible elements, e.g. stress compensating layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81C—PROCESSES OR APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- B81C1/00—Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate
- B81C1/00015—Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate for manufacturing microsystems
- B81C1/00134—Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate for manufacturing microsystems comprising flexible or deformable structures
- B81C1/00142—Bridges
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81C—PROCESSES OR APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- B81C1/00—Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate
- B81C1/00642—Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate for improving the physical properties of a device
- B81C1/0065—Mechanical properties
- B81C1/00666—Treatments for controlling internal stress or strain in MEMS structures
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
- G02B26/001—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements based on interference in an adjustable optical cavity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
- B81B2201/00—Specific applications of microelectromechanical systems
- B81B2201/04—Optical MEMS
- B81B2201/047—Optical MEMS not provided for in B81B2201/042 - B81B2201/045
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
- B81B2203/00—Basic microelectromechanical structures
- B81B2203/01—Suspended structures, i.e. structures allowing a movement
- B81B2203/0145—Flexible holders
- B81B2203/0163—Spring holders
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
- B81B2203/00—Basic microelectromechanical structures
- B81B2203/01—Suspended structures, i.e. structures allowing a movement
- B81B2203/019—Suspended structures, i.e. structures allowing a movement characterized by their profile
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
- B81B2203/00—Basic microelectromechanical structures
- B81B2203/03—Static structures
- B81B2203/0307—Anchors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
- B81B2203/00—Basic microelectromechanical structures
- B81B2203/05—Type of movement
- B81B2203/053—Translation according to an axis perpendicular to the substrate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81C—PROCESSES OR APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- B81C2201/00—Manufacture or treatment of microstructural devices or systems
- B81C2201/01—Manufacture or treatment of microstructural devices or systems in or on a substrate
- B81C2201/0161—Controlling physical properties of the material
- B81C2201/0163—Controlling internal stress of deposited layers
- B81C2201/0167—Controlling internal stress of deposited layers by adding further layers of materials having complementary strains, i.e. compressive or tensile strain
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Mechanical Light Control Or Optical Switches (AREA)
- Micromachines (AREA)
- Drying Of Semiconductors (AREA)
- Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
- Internal Circuitry In Semiconductor Integrated Circuit Devices (AREA)
Description
Claims (61)
- MEMSデバイスを製造する方法であって、
基板を提供する段階と、
前記基板の上に電極層を堆積する段階と、
前記電極層の上に犠牲層を堆積する段階と、
開口を形成するために、前記犠牲層をパターン形成する段階と、
前記犠牲層の上に、内部残留応力を有する材料を含む移動可能層を堆積する段階と、
前記移動可能層の一部のみに隣接して伸び、かつ少なくとも部分的に犠牲層内の開口内に、剛性の支持構造を形成する段階と、
を備え、
前記支持構造は、内部残留応力を有する材料を含み、
前記支持構造内の残留応力は、前記移動可能層内の残留応力と実質的に等しい、方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法であって、更に、
前記犠牲層を除去するために、前記犠牲層をエッチングすることによって、前記移動可能層と前記電極層との間にキャビティを形成することを備える方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法であって、
前記支持構造は、前記移動可能層の下に形成される、方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法であって、
前記支持構造は、前記移動可能層の上に形成される、方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法であって、
前記移動可能層の熱膨張係数は、前記支持構造の熱膨張係数と実質的に等しい、方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法であって、
前記支持構造と前記移動可能層とは、実質的に同じ材料を含む、方法。 - 請求項6に記載の方法であって、更に、
前記支持構造と前記移動可能層との間で前記移動可能層の上に、エッチング障壁層を形成することを備える方法。 - 請求項6に記載の方法であって、
前記移動可能層を形成する段階は、
反射性副層を形成することと、
前記反射層の上に機械的副層を形成することと、
を含む、方法。 - 請求項8に記載の方法であって、
前記支持構造を形成する段階は、
前記機械的副層と同じ材料を含む第1の副層を形成することと、
前記反射性副層と同じ材料を含む第2の副層を形成することと、
を含む、方法。 - 請求項9に記載の方法であって、
前記第1の副層は、前記機械的副層と実質的に同じ厚さであり、前記第2の副層は、前記反射性副層と実質的に同じ厚さである、方法。 - 請求項9に記載の方法であって、
前記第1の副層の厚さは、前記機械的副層の厚さの5%以内であり、前記第2の副層の厚さは、前記反射性副層の5%以内である、方法。 - 請求項10に記載の方法であって、
前記第1の副層は、前記第2の副層の上に形成される、方法。 - 請求項10に記載の方法であって、
前記第2の副層は、前記第1の副層の上に形成される、方法。 - 請求項7に記載の方法であって、更に、
前記犠牲層を形成することに先立って、前記基板の上に部分反射性材料の層を形成することを備える方法。 - 請求項7に記載の方法であって、
前記MEMSデバイスは、インターフェロメトリックモジュレータを含む、方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法によって製造されるMEMSデバイス。
- MEMSデバイスであって、
基板と、
前記基板の上に位置する電極層と、
前記電極層の上に位置する、内部残留応力を有する材料を含む移動可能層であって、通常、エアギャップによって前記電極層から隔てられる移動可能層と、
前記移動可能層の一部のみに隣接してかつ少なくとも部分的に前記移動可能層内のくぼみ内に形成される剛性の支持構造と、
を備え、
前記剛性の支持構造は、内部残留応力を有する材料を含み、
前記移動可能層内の残留応力は、前記支持構造内の残留応力と実質的に等しい、MEMSデバイス。 - 請求項17に記載のMEMSデバイスであって、
前記移動可能層の熱膨張係数は、前記支持構造の熱膨張係数と実質的に等しい、MEMSデバイス。 - 請求項17に記載のMEMSデバイスであって、
前記剛性の支持構造は、前記移動可能層の上位にある(上にある、上に位置する)、MEMSデバイス。 - 請求項17に記載のMEMSデバイスであって、
前記剛性の支持構造は、前記移動可能層の下位にある(下にある、下に位置する)、MEMSデバイス。 - 請求項17に記載のMEMSデバイスであって、
前記支持構造と前記移動可能層とは、実質的に同じ材料を含む、MEMSデバイス。 - 請求項21に記載のMEMSデバイスであって、
前記移動可能層は、反射性副層と機械的副層とを含み、前記反射性副層は、前記電極層に面した側の前記移動可能層上にある、MEMSデバイス。 - 請求項22に記載のMEMSデバイスであって、
前記支持構造は、前記機械的副層と同じ材料を含む第1の副層と、前記反射性副層と同じ材料を含む第2の副層と、を含む、MEMSデバイス。 - 請求項23に記載のMEMSデバイスであって、
前記第1の副層は、前記機械的副層と実質的に同じ厚さであり、前記第2の副層は、前記反射性副層と実質的に同じ厚さである、MEMSデバイス。 - 請求項23に記載のMEMSデバイスであって、
前記第1の副層の厚さは、前記機械的副層の厚さの5%以内であり、前記第2の副層の厚さは、前記反射性副層の厚さの5%以内である、MEMSデバイス。 - 請求項23に記載のMEMSデバイスであって、
前記第1の副層は、前記第2の副層の上に位置する、MEMSデバイス。 - 請求項23に記載のMEMSデバイスであって、
前記第2の副層は、前記第1の副層の上に位置する、MEMSデバイス。 - 請求項22に記載の方法であって、更に、
前記電極層と同じ側の前記エアギャップ上に位置する部分反射性の層を備えるMEMSデバイス。 - 請求項17に記載のMEMSデバイスあって、
前記MEMSデバイスは、インターフェロメトリックモジュレータを含む、MEMSデバイス。 - 請求項17に記載のMEMSデバイスであって、更に、
前記電極層および前記移動可能層の少なくとも一方と通信するように構成されるプロセッサであって、画像データを処理するように構成されるプロセッサと、
前記プロセッサと通信するように構成されるメモリデバイスと、
を備えるMEMSデバイス。 - 請求項30に記載のMEMSデバイスであって、更に、
前記電極層および前記移動可能層の少なくとも一方に少なくとも1つの信号を送信するように構成されるドライバ回路を備えるMEMSデバイス。 - 請求項31に記載のMEMSデバイスであって、更に、
前記ドライバ回路に前記画像データの少なくとも一部を送信するように構成されるコントローラを備えるMEMSデバイス。 - 請求項30に記載のMEMSデバイスであって、更に、
前記プロセッサに前記画像データを送信するように構成される画像ソースモジュールを備えるMEMSデバイス。 - 請求項33に記載のMEMSデバイスであって、
前記画像ソースモジュールは、レシーバ、トランシーバ、およびトランスミッタの少なくとも1つを含む、MEMSデバイス。 - 請求項30に記載のMEMSデバイスであって、更に、
入力データを受信して、前記入力データを前記プロセッサに伝達するように構成される入力デバイスを備えるMEMSデバイス。 - MEMSデバイスを製造する方法であって、
基板を提供する段階と、
前記基板の上に電極層を堆積する段階と、
前記電極層の上に犠牲層を堆積する段階と、
開口を形成するために、前記犠牲層をパターン形成する段階と、
少なくとも部分的に前記開口内に、内部残留応力を有する剛性の下位の支持構造を形成する段階と、
前記下位の支持構造の上に移動可能層を形成する段階と、
前記移動可能層の一部のみの上位に、かつ少なくとも部分的に前記犠牲層内の開口内に、剛性の上位の支持構造を形成する段階と、
を備え、
前記支持構造は、内部残留応力を有する材料を含み、
前記下位の支持構造は、前記支持構造の一部のみの下位に位置し、
前記下位の支持構造内の残留応力は、前記上位の支持構造内の残留応力と実質的に等しい、方法。 - 請求項36に記載の方法であって、
前記上位の支持構造と前記下位の支持構造とは、同じ材料を含む、方法。 - 請求項37に記載の方法であって、
前記上位の支持構造は、前記下位の支持構造と実質的に同じ厚さである、方法。 - 請求項37に記載の方法であって、
前記上位の支持構造の厚さは、前記下位の支持構造の厚さの5%以内である、方法。 - 請求項36に記載の方法であって、
前記移動可能層を形成する段階は、
反射性副層を堆積することと、
前記反射性副層の上に機械的副層を堆積することと、
を含む、方法。 - 請求項40に記載の方法であって、更に、
前記機械的副層の上に上部副層を堆積することを備える方法。 - 請求項41に記載の方法であって、
前記上部副層は、前記反射性副層と同じ材料を含む、方法。 - 請求項41に記載の方法であって、
前記上部副層は、前記反射性副層と実質的に同じ厚さである、方法。 - 請求項41に記載の方法であって、
前記上部副層の厚さは、前記反射性副層の厚さの5%以内である、方法。 - 請求項40に記載の方法であって、更に、
前記犠牲層を堆積することに先立って、前記基板の上に部分反射性材料の層を形成することを備える方法。 - 請求項36に記載の方法によって形成されるMEMSデバイス。
- MEMSデバイスであって、
基板と、
前記基板の上に位置する電極層と、
前記電極層の上に位置する移動可能層であって、通常、エアギャップによって前記電極層から隔てられる移動可能層と、
前記移動可能層の一部のみの下に形成される剛性の下位の支持構造であって、内部残留応力を有する下位の支持構造と、
前記移動可能層の一部のみの上に形成される剛性の上位の支持構造であって、内部残留応力を有する上位の支持構造と、
を備え、
前記下位の支持構造内の残留応力は、前記上位の支持構造内の残留応力と実質的に等しく、
前記上位の支持構造が、前記下位の支持構造の上にある、MEMSデバイス。 - 請求項47に記載のMEMSデバイスであって、
前記上位の支持構造と前記下位の支持構造とは、同じ材料を含む、MEMSデバイス。 - 請求項48に記載のMEMSデバイスであって、
前記上位の支持構造は、前記下位の支持構造と実質的に同じ厚さである、MEMSデバイス。 - 請求項48に記載のMEMSデバイスであって、
前記上位の支持構造の厚さは、前記下位の支持構造の厚さの5%以内である、MEMSデバイス。 - 請求項47に記載のMEMSデバイスであって、
前記移動可能層は、機械的副層と、前記エアギャップに面した側の前記機械的副層上にある反射性副層と、を含む、MEMSデバイス。 - 請求項51に記載のMEMSデバイスであって、
前記移動可能層は、更に、前記反射性副層と反対の側の前記機械的副層上にある上部副層を含む、MEMSデバイス。 - 請求項52に記載のMEMSデバイスであって、
前記上部副層と前記反射性副層とは、同じ材料を含む、MEMSデバイス。 - 請求項52に記載のMEMSデバイスであって、
前記上部副層は、前記反射性副層と実質的に同じ厚さである、MEMSデバイス。 - 請求項52に記載のMEMSデバイスであって、
前記上部副層の厚さは、前記反射性副層の厚さの5%以内である、MEMSデバイス。 - 請求項51に記載のMEMSデバイスであって、更に、
前記電極層と同じ側の前記エアギャップ上に位置する部分反射性の層を備えるMEMSデバイス。 - MEMSデバイスであって
電気伝導のための第1の伝導手段と、
電気伝導のための第2の伝導手段と、
前記第1の伝導手段の上に前記第2の伝導手段を支持するための支持手段と、
を備え、
前記第2の伝導手段は、前記第1の伝導手段と前記第2の伝導手段との間における静電ポテンシャルの生成に応えて、前記第1の伝導手段に対して相対的に移動可能であり、
前記支持手段は、剛性であり、かつ内部残留応力を有する材料を備え、
前記支持手段は、前記第2の伝導手段の一部のみに隣接して伸び、
前記支持手段内の残留応力は、他の材料に対して釣り合いが取れている、MEMSデバイス。 - 請求項57に記載のMEMSデバイスであって、
前記第1の伝導手段は、基板によって支持される電極層を含む、MEMSデバイス。 - 請求項57に記載のMEMSデバイスであって、
前記第2の伝導手段は、インターフェロメトリックギャップによって一部を前記第1の伝導手段から隔てられた移動可能層を含む、MEMSデバイス。 - 請求項57に記載のMEMSデバイスであって、
前記支持手段は、前記第2の伝導手段に隣接して位置する支持構造を含み、
前記第2の伝導手段が、内部残留応力を有し、
前記支持構造内の残留応力は、前記第2の伝導手段内の残留応力と実質的に等しい、MEMSデバイス。 - 請求項57に記載のMEMSデバイスであって、
前記支持手段は、前記第2の伝導手段の一部のみの下位にある下位の支持構造と、前記下位の支持構造および前記第2の伝導手段の一部のみの上位にある上位の支持構造とを含み、前記上位の支持構造内の残留応力は、前記下位の支持構造内の残留応力と実質的に等しい、MEMSデバイス。
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