JP2008522408A - ダマシン銅配線の光学イメージ・センサ - Google Patents
ダマシン銅配線の光学イメージ・センサ Download PDFInfo
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 title abstract description 56
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 20
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 18
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 115
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- 229910000673 Indium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- QRXWMOHMRWLFEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoniazide Chemical compound NNC(=O)C1=CC=NC=C1 QRXWMOHMRWLFEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
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Abstract
【解決手段】 厚さの均一性が改善された薄い層間誘電体スタック(130a−130c)の組み込みを可能にして、増大された光感受性を示すピクセル・アレイをもたらす銅(Cu)メタライゼーション・レベル(M1、M2)を、センサが含む、CMOSイメージ・センサ・アレイ(100)及び製造方法である。センサ・アレイにおいて、各々のCuメタライゼーション・レベルは、各々のアレイ・ピクセル間の位置に形成されたCu金属ワイヤ構造体(135a、135b)を含み、バリア材料層(132a、132b)が、ピクセル光路を横断する各Cu金属ワイヤ構造体の上に形成される。単一のマスク又は自己整合マスク法を実施することによって、単一のエッチングが行われ、光路を横断する層間誘電体及びバリア層を完全に除去する。次に、エッチングされた開口部(51)が誘電体材料(150)で再充填される。再充填誘電体を付着する前に、エッチングされた開口部の側壁に沿って、反射性材料又は吸収性材料(140)のいずれかの層が形成され、光を下にあるフォトダイオード(18)に反射させることによって、又は光反射をなくすことによって、ピクセルの感度を改善する。
【選択図】 図14
Description
光を受光するためのピクセル・マイクロレンズを含む上部層と、
ピクセル・マイクロレンズに入射する光を受光するための内部に形成された光感受性要素を含む半導体基板と、
上部層と半導体基板内に形成された光感受性要素との間の光路内に設けられた誘電体材料構造体と、
各々のメタライゼーション・レベルがピクセルの誘電体材料構造体に隣接して形成されたCu金属ワイヤ構造体を含む、2つ又はそれ以上のCuメタライゼーション・レベルが間に形成された層間誘電体材料層のスタックであって、各々のCu金属ワイヤ構造体は、上に形成されたバリア材料層を含んでいる、層間誘電体材料層のスタックと、
を含み、
誘電体材料構造体は、ピクセル内に開口部をエッチングして光路を定めた後に、誘電体再充填処理の一部として形成される。
a.各々のアレイ・ピクセルについて半導体基板内に光感受性要素を形成するステップであって、光感受性要素は、それぞれのピクセル・マイクロレンズに入射する光を受光するように適合された、ステップと、
b.半導体基板の上に層間誘電体層体のスタックを形成し、隣接する層間誘電体層のスタックを形成する間に、アレイ内の各ピクセル間の位置に形成されたCu金属ワイヤ構造体を含むCuメタライゼーション・レベルを形成し、Cu金属ワイヤ構造体の各々の上部にバリア材料層を形成するステップと、
c.光感受性要素の上にある層間誘電体のスタックの部分を除去し、ピクセルの光路を定めるステップと、
d.光路内のスタックの除去された部分を、上部層と光感受性要素との間の誘電体材料で再充填するステップと、
を含む方法が提供される。
Claims (24)
- ピクセルのアレイを含むイメージ・センサであって、各々のピクセルが、
光を受光するためのピクセル・マイクロレンズを含む上部層と、
前記ピクセル・マイクロレンズに入射する光を受光するための、内部に形成された光感受性要素を含む半導体基板と、
前記上部層と前記半導体基板内に形成された前記光感受性要素との間の光路内に設けられた誘電体材料構造体と、
各々のメタライゼーション・レベルが前記ピクセルの前記誘電体材料構造体に隣接して形成されたCu金属ワイヤ構造体を含む、2つ又はそれ以上のCuメタライゼーション・レベルが間に形成された層間誘電体材料層のスタックであって、各々の前記Cu金属ワイヤ構造体は、上に形成されたバリア材料層を含んでいる、層間誘電体材料層のスタックと
を備え、
前記誘電体材料構造体は、前記ピクセル内に開口部をエッチングして前記光路を定めた後に、誘電体再充填処理の一部として形成される、イメージ・センサ。 - 前記層間誘電体層の前記スタックの各々は、2kÅから20kÅまでの間の範囲の厚さでできている、請求項1に記載のイメージ・センサ・ピクセル。
- 前記半導体基板と第1の層間誘電体層との間に形成されたバリア材料層をさらに含む、請求項2に記載のイメージ・センサ・ピクセル。
- 前記ピクセル・マイクロレンズの下かつ前記光路内に形成された前記誘電体材料構造体の上の前記上部層内に形成されたカラー・フィルタ要素をさらに備える、請求項1に記載のイメージ・センサ・ピクセル。
- 前記光感受性要素の上かつ前記光路内の前記誘電体材料構造体の下の前記半導体基板の上に形成されたカラー・フィルタ要素をさらに備える、請求項1に記載のイメージ・センサ・ピクセル。
- 前記誘電体材料構造体は、前記光路を定めるエッチングされたピクセル側壁間の開口部を部分的に充填し、前記センサ・ピクセルは、前記側壁間の前記光路の上部において前記誘電体材料構造体の上に形成されたカラー・フィルタ要素をさらに備える、請求項1に記載のイメージ・センサ・ピクセル。
- 前記層間誘電体材料は、前記光路を定めるピクセル側壁間の前記光路を充填し、前記センサ・ピクセルは、前記光路内の前記層間誘電体材料のエッチバックされた部分に形成されたカラー・フィルタ要素をさらに備える、請求項1に記載のイメージ・センサ・ピクセル。
- 各々のピクセルは、前記光路を定めるピクセル側壁上に形成された光反射性材料の層をさらに備え、前記光反射性材料層は、前記光感受性要素によって受光される光量の増大を可能にする、請求項1に記載のイメージ・センサ・ピクセル。
- 各々のピクセルは、前記光路を定めるピクセル側壁上に形成された光吸収性材料の層を備える、請求項1に記載のイメージ・センサ・ピクセル。
- 各々のピクセルは、特定の誘電定数と、光学的領域の全域にわたって波長に依存しない多層スタックについての屈折率値とを達成するように、前記光路を定めるピクセル側壁上に形成された光吸収性材料の多層スタックをさらに備える、請求項1に記載のイメージ・センサ・ピクセル。
- 前記光路内に与えられた前記層間誘電体材料を囲む可動イオン・バリア構造体をさらに備え、前記可動イオン・バリア構造体は、前記半導体基板に結合され、かつ、上方に延びている、請求項1に記載のイメージ・センサ・ピクセル。
- 各々のピクセルが、光を受光するためのピクセル・マイクロレンズを有する上部層を含む、イメージ・センサ・ピクセル・アレイを製造する方法であって、
a.各々のアレイ・ピクセルについて半導体基板内に光感受性要素を形成するステップであって、前記光感受性要素が、それぞれのピクセル・マイクロレンズに入射する光を受光するように適合された、前記ステップと、
b.前記半導体基板の上に層間誘電体層のスタックを形成し、隣接する層間誘電体層の前記スタックを形成する間に、前記アレイ内の各ピクセル間の位置に形成されたCu金属ワイヤ構造体を含むCuメタライゼーション・レベルを形成し、前記Cu金属ワイヤ構造体の各々の上部にバリア材料層を形成するステップと、
c.前記光感受性要素の上にある前記層間誘電体層のスタックの部分を除去し、ピクセルの光路を定めるステップと、
d.前記光路内の前記スタックの前記除去された部分を、前記上部層と前記光感受性要素との間の誘電体材料で再充填するステップと、
を含む方法。 - 前記金属相互接続層の前記Cu金属ワイヤ構造体の上部にバリア材料層を形成する前記ステップb)は、前記層間誘電体層のスタックの各々の上にある前記Cu金属ワイヤ構造体の上にバリア材料層をブランケット付着させ、各々のアレイ・ピクセルの光路を横断するようにするステップを含み、前記除去するステップc)は、前記光路を横断する前記バリア材料層の部分を除去するステップをさらに含む、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記層間誘電体層のスタックの部分を除去する前記ステップc)は、
各々のピクセルの光路を定める位置に孔を開けるようにパターン形成された前記層間誘電体材料スタックの最後の層の上にマスク構造体を適用するステップと、
エッチング処理を行い、前記層間誘電体スタックの部分を除去するステップと
を含む、請求項12に記載の方法。 - 前記マスク構造体は、前記層間誘電体材料層のスタックの上にある各々のピクセル間の位置に形成された最後のメタライゼーション層の金属ボンディング構造体を含む自己整合されたマスクである、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記半導体基板の上に前記層間誘電体層のスタックを形成する前記ステップb)の前に、前記半導体基板の上にバリア材料層を形成するステップを含む、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記光路内に前記層間誘電体材料を再充填した後、前記ピクセル・マイクロレンズの下の前記光路内の前記上部層の部分を含むカラー・フィルタ要素を形成するステップを含む、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記誘電体材料で再充填するステップd)の前に、前記光路内の前記光感受性要素の上の前記半導体基板の上にカラー・フィルタ要素を形成するステップを含む、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記再充填するステップd)は、前記光路を定めるピクセル側壁間の前記光路を部分的に充填するステップを含み、前記方法は、前記側壁間の前記光路の上部において前記層間誘電体材料の上に作られるカラー・フィルタ要素を形成するステップをさらに含む、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記再充填された層間誘電体材料は、前記光路を定めるピクセル側壁間の前記光路を充填し、前記方法は、
前記光路内の前記層間誘電体材料の部分をエッチバックするステップと、
前記エッチバックされた部分内に作られるカラー・フィルタ要素を形成するステップと、
をさらに含む、請求項12に記載の方法。 - 前記層間誘電体材料を再充填するステップd)の前に、前記光路を定める側壁に沿う、光反射性材料の薄いライナを形成するステップを含む、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記層間誘電体材料を再充填するステップd)の前に、前記光路を定める側壁に沿う、光吸収性材料の薄いライナを形成するステップを含む、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記層間誘電体材料を再充填するステップd)の前に、特定の誘電定数と、光学的領域の全域にわたって波長に依存しない多層スタックについての屈折率値とを達成するように、前記光路を定めるピクセル側壁上に形成された光吸収性材料の多層スタックを形成するステップを含む、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記光路内に与えられた前記層間誘電体材料を囲む可動イオン・バリア構造体を形成するステップをさらに含み、前記可動イオン・バリア構造体は、前記半導体基板に結合されかつ上方に延びている、請求項12に記載の方法。
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CN100533780C (zh) | 2009-08-26 |
CN101044631A (zh) | 2007-09-26 |
EP1817801A1 (en) | 2007-08-15 |
US7193289B2 (en) | 2007-03-20 |
TW200701479A (en) | 2007-01-01 |
US20060113622A1 (en) | 2006-06-01 |
TWI360887B (en) | 2012-03-21 |
KR20070085576A (ko) | 2007-08-27 |
JP4912315B2 (ja) | 2012-04-11 |
KR100992031B1 (ko) | 2010-11-05 |
EP1817801A4 (en) | 2010-07-28 |
US7655495B2 (en) | 2010-02-02 |
WO2006060212A1 (en) | 2006-06-08 |
US20070114622A1 (en) | 2007-05-24 |
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