ES2634456T3 - Película retráctil para etiqueta - Google Patents
Película retráctil para etiqueta Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ES2634456T3 ES2634456T3 ES12779250.5T ES12779250T ES2634456T3 ES 2634456 T3 ES2634456 T3 ES 2634456T3 ES 12779250 T ES12779250 T ES 12779250T ES 2634456 T3 ES2634456 T3 ES 2634456T3
- Authority
- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- film
- core layer
- coating
- layer
- modified polyester
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 23
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000002981 blocking agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229920006300 shrink film Polymers 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 4
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004820 Pressure-sensitive adhesive Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920005644 polyethylene terephthalate glycol copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical class [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical class O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- -1 ethylene, propylene, butylene, pentene Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZADYMNAVLSWLEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Mg+2].[Si+4] ZADYMNAVLSWLEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZGEGCLOFRBLKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylene hexane Natural products CCCCCC=C ZGEGCLOFRBLKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003855 Adhesive Lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000531908 Aramides Species 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000219 Ethylene vinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000106 Liquid crystal polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000006057 Non-nutritive feed additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002292 Nylon 6 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002302 Nylon 6,6 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920010524 Syndiotactic polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000370 acceptor Substances 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000404 calcium aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012215 calcium aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WNCYAPRTYDMSFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O WNCYAPRTYDMSFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940078583 calcium aluminosilicate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- UFRKOOWSQGXVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;ethenol Chemical compound C=C.OC=C UFRKOOWSQGXVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004715 ethylene vinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007765 extrusion coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007647 flexography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007646 gravure printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001023 inorganic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-decene Natural products CCCCCCCCC=C AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010022 rotary screen printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000429 sodium aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012217 sodium aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003017 thermal stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B29C61/00—Shaping by liberation of internal stresses; Making preforms having internal stresses; Apparatus therefor
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- B32B37/15—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer being manufactured and immediately laminated before reaching its stable state, e.g. in which a layer is extruded and laminated while in semi-molten state
- B32B37/153—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers with at least one layer being manufactured and immediately laminated before reaching its stable state, e.g. in which a layer is extruded and laminated while in semi-molten state at least one layer is extruded and immediately laminated while in semi-molten state
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Abstract
Una película retráctil de múltiples capas consistente en: una capa núcleo que incluye un poliéster modificado con glicol, teniendo la capa núcleo una superficie superior y una inferior; una capa de revestimiento superior dispuesta sobre la superficie superior de la capa núcleo y una capa de revestimiento inferior dispuesta sobre la superficie inferior de la capa núcleo, teniendo cada una de las capas de revestimiento individualmente (a) un material de resina y (b) un agente antibloqueo.
Description
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desvelados.
La capa núcleo puede tener de un 60% en peso a un 100% en peso de una resina de poliéster modificado en base al peso total de la capa núcleo. En una realización, la capa núcleo tiene de un 90% en peso a un 100% en peso de una resina de poliéster modificado en base al peso total de la capa núcleo. En otra realización, la capa núcleo tiene un 100% en peso de una resina de poliéster modificado. En realizaciones que tienen menos de un 100% en peso de PETG, el resto de la composición puede ser un aditivo o un material de carga adecuado para impartir propiedades deseadas a la película. La capa núcleo puede, en una realización, consistir esencialmente en una resina de poliéster modificado o una mezcla de dos o más resinas de poliéster modificado. La capa núcleo, en otra realización, puede consistir en una resina de poliéster modificado o una mezcla de resinas de poliéster modificado. En una realización, la capa núcleo incluye un PETG en una cantidad del 100% en peso. En otra realización, la capa núcleo incluye una mezcla de dos o más PETG en una cantidad del 100% en peso.
El material de la película polimérica para formar la capa núcleo puede estar libre de cargas inorgánicas y/o pigmentos para películas transparentes y etiquetas transparentes, o el material de la película polimérica puede estar cavitado y/o contener cargas inorgánicas y otros aditivos orgánicos o inorgánicos, para aportar propiedades deseadas, tales como propiedades de aspecto (películas opacas o coloreadas), durabilidad y características de procesado. Se pueden añadir agentes nucleantes para aumentar la cristalinidad y aumentar así la rigidez. Como ejemplos de materiales útiles, se incluyen, aunque sin limitación, carbonato de calcio, dióxido de titanio, partículas metálicas, fibras, pirorretardantes, compuestos antioxidantes, estabilizadores térmicos, estabilizadores frente a la luz, estabilizadores frente a la luz ultravioleta, agentes antibloqueantes, ayudas de procesado, aceptores de ácido, etc.
Las capas de revestimiento (v.g., revestimientos 30, 40) comprenden un material de resina y un agente antibloqueo. En una realización, el material de resina es seleccionado entre un poliéster modificado, una poliolefina o una combinación de dos o más de ellos. En una realización, las capas de revestimiento comprenden un poliéster modificado o una mezcla de dos o más poliésteres modificados. Los poliésteres modificados pueden ser seleccionados entre cualquier resina de poliéster modificado que sea también adecuada para uso en la capa núcleo. Los poliéster(es) modificados en las capas de revestimiento pueden ser iguales o diferentes al poliéster modificado empleado en el núcleo. Además, las capas de revestimiento pueden tener la misma composición entre sí o pueden tener una composición diferente en términos del poliéster modificado, del antibloqueo, del porcentaje del poliéster modificado, del porcentaje de agente antibloqueo usado en las capas o de dos o más de estos parámetros. En una realización, las capas de revestimiento incluyen un PET modificado con glicol.
En una realización, la capa de revestimiento puede incluir además una resina de poliéster mezclada con el material de poliéster modificado o un material de poliolefina. Los poliésteres pueden incluir polímeros formados por la condensación de un ácido carboxílico difuncional y un alcohol difuncional, la policondensación de un ácido hidrocarboxílico y la polimerización de ésteres cíclicos. Como ejemplos no limitativos de poliésteres adecuados, se incluyen PET, ácido poliláctico (PLA), etc.
En una realización, las capas de revestimiento incluyen una poliolefina. La poliolefina puede ser un homopolímero o copolímero de una olefina, tal como etileno, propileno, butileno, penteno, hexeno, hepteno, octeno, noneno, deceno, etc., alfa-olefinas de 3 a 12 carbonos o combinaciones de dos o más de ellos.
Como agentes antibloqueo adecuados, se incluyen materiales inorgánicos de base mineral y/o sintéticos. Los agentes antibloqueo de base mineral incluyen tanto los basados en sílice (v.g., tierra de diatomeas, silicatos de aluminio, dióxido de silicio, cuarzo, vidrio y arena de sílice) como otros, tales como caolín, talco, feldespato y carbonato de calcio. Como agentes antibloqueo sintéticos, se incluyen sílices sintéticas de tipo gel y de tipo precipitado. Como ejemplos no limitativos de agentes antibloqueo inorgánicos adecuados, se incluyen silicato de aluminio (es decir, arcilla), sílice, aluminosilicato de sodio y calcio, silicato de magnesio (talco) y silicato de calcio, en particular silicato de aluminio, sílice, aluminosilicato de sodio y calcio y silicato de magnesio. Como ejemplos de agentes antibloqueo de óxidos inorgánicos porosos adecuados, se incluyen, aunque sin limitación, óxidos metálicos de elementos del Grupo 2, 3, 4, 5, 13 ó 14 de la Tabla Periódica de los Elementos. Como óxidos metálicos adecuados, se incluyen, aunque sin limitación, óxidos metálicos que contienen elementos de los Grupos 4, 13 y 14. Como ejemplos no limitantes de agentes antibloqueo adecuados, se incluyen sílice, alúmina, sílice-alúmina y sus mezclas. Otros óxidos inorgánicos que pueden ser empleados ya sea solos o en combinación con la sílice, la alúmina o la sílice-alúmina incluyen magnesia, titania, zirconia y similares. Un ejemplo no limitante de un agente antibloqueo adecuado comercial es Sibelite™ M4000 (Sibelco), una sílice de gran pureza.
Otros agentes antibloqueo adecuados útiles en las capas de revestimiento incluyen materiales orgánicos entrecruzados o no entrecruzados. Como ejemplos, se incluyen EVOH, poliamida 6, poliamida 66, poliestireno sindiotáctico, poli(metacrilato de metilo), resinas obtenidas por ingeniería, polímeros cristalinos líquidos y aramidas.
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milipulgadas. En otra realización, la película puede tener un espesor de 1,5 a 10 milipulgadas. En otra realización, la película puede tener un espesor de 3 a 7 milipulgadas. En una realización, la película retráctil tiene un espesor de 1,5 milipulgadas. En otra realización, la película retráctil tiene un espesor de 2,0 milipulgadas. Aquí, y en cualquier otro lugar de la memoria descriptiva, se pueden combinar los valores numéricos individuales para formar rangos adicionales y/o no desvelados.
La capa núcleo puede tener un espesor según se desee para un fin particular o uso pretendido. En una realización, la capa núcleo puede tener un espesor de 0,25 a 11,5 milipulgadas, de 0,5 a 10 milipulgadas, de 1 a 8 milipulgadas, de 2,5 a 5 milipulgadas, etc. Aquí, al igual que en cualquier otro lugar de la memoria descriptiva y de las reivindicaciones, se pueden combinar o modificar los rangos individuales para formar rangos adicionales y/o no desvelados. En realizaciones, el núcleo puede ser relativamente espeso en comparación con las capas de revestimiento externas. En una realización, la capa núcleo puede ser de 2 a 20 veces tan espesa como cada una de las capas de revestimiento.
En realizaciones, la razón de espesor del núcleo a las capas externas combinadas es de 95:5, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, etc. En una realización, la razón de espesor capa de revestimiento superior:núcleo:capa de revestimiento inferior es de 2,5-20:95-60:20-2,5, o en otra realización, 5-15:70-90:15-5. En realizaciones, la razón de espesor para las películas retráctiles incluye 2,5:95:2,5, 5:90:5, 10:80:10, 15:70:15, 20:60:20, etc. Las dos capas de revestimiento no tienen por qué tener el mismo espesor. Otras realizaciones de razones de espesor para las películas retráctiles incluyen 2,5:92,5:5, 5:92,5:2,5, 15:75:10, 10:75:15, 5:85:10, 10:85:5. Aquí, al igual que en cualquier otro lugar de la memoria descriptiva y de las reivindicaciones, se pueden combinar los valores numéricos individuales para formar rangos adicionales y/o no desvelados.
Tal como se ha descrito anteriormente, las películas retráctiles son útiles en muchas aplicaciones de películas retráctiles. Las películas pueden ser convertidas en una etiqueta añadiendo un adhesivo sensible a la presión a un lado de la película. Se pueden poner indicios de impresión sobre cualquiera de los lados de la película antes de añadir un adhesivo sensible a la presión o se puede retroimprimir antes de aplicar el adhesivo.
El adhesivo puede ser cualquiera de los conocidos para los expertos en la técnica. El adhesivo sensible a la presión puede ser cualquier adhesivo sensible a la presión basado en solvente o en emulsión, tal como adhesivos sensibles a la presión basados en acrílicos o en caucho. Típicamente, se pone el adhesivo sobre la película a un peso de capa de 10 a 40, o de 20 a 25 gramos/m2. Un ejemplo de un adhesivo particularmente útil es S2001 de Avery Chemicals.
La película puede ser fabricada por procedimientos de formación de película conocidos en la técnica. La película puede ser preparada por extrusión o coextrusión utilizando, por ejemplo, un procedimiento de película de burbuja atrapada tubular, un procedimiento de película de vaciado plano, un procedimiento de película de vaciado plano con boquilla de hendidura o cualquier otro método adecuado para formar una película. También se puede preparar la película aplicando una o más capas por revestimiento de extrusión, laminación adhesiva, laminación por extrusión, revestimiento en solvente o revestimiento de látex (v.g., extendido y secado sobre un substrato). Estos procedimientos son conocidos para los expertos en la técnica.
Se apreciará que las películas retráctiles se orientan en al menos una dirección. La película puede orientarse en la dirección de la máquina (es decir, longitudinal), la dirección transversal o ambas direcciones (es decir, orientada biaxialmente), por ejemplo, para aumentar la fuerza, la óptica y la durabilidad de la película. Se puede orientar uniaxial o biaxialmente una red o un tubo de la película imponiendo una fuerza de estiramiento a una temperatura a la que la película se ablanda (v.g., por encima del punto de reblandecimiento Vicat; véase ASTM 1525), y por ejemplo a una temperatura inferior al punto de fusión de la película. Se puede enfriar entonces rápidamente la película para retener las propiedades físicas generadas durante la orientación y dotar de una característica de retracción por calor a la película. Se puede orientar la película usando, por ejemplo, un procedimiento de bastidor de estiramiento o un procedimiento de burbuja. La orientación puede producirse en cualquiera de una dirección (es decir, la dirección de la máquina o la transversal) y/o dos direcciones (v.g., la dirección de la máquina y la transversal) en una razón de 1,1:1 a 4:1, 1,2:1 a 3,8:1, 1,5:1 a 3,5:1, 1,8:1 a 3,2:1, incluso 2:1 a 3:1. Se puede estirar la película en cualquiera de estas cantidades en una dirección y en cualquiera de estas cantidades en otra dirección. En una realización, para uso como película retráctil para encapsular una batería, la película se orienta sólo en la dirección de la máquina.
La película puede tener una retracción libre a 100°C en una dirección (v.g., la dirección de la máquina o la dirección transversal) y/o en la dirección tanto de la máquina como transversal del 5% al 80%, del 7% al 75%, del 9% al 70%, del 10% al 60%, del 12% al 55%, del 15 al 50%, del 25% al 45%, incluso del 30% al 40%. En una realización, la película tiene una retracción libre de al menos el 40% en al menos una dirección. En otra realización, la película tiene una retracción libre de al menos el 50% en una dirección. En otra realización, la película tiene una retracción libre de al menos el 60% en una dirección. En aún otra realización, la película tiene una retracción libre de al menos el 70% en una dirección. Aquí, al igual que en cualquier otro lugar de la memoria descriptiva y de las
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reivindicaciones, se pueden combinar los rangos individuales para formar rangos adicionales o no desvelados. La película puede tener cualquiera de las cantidades de retracción anteriores en la dirección de la máquina y/o la dirección transversal a temperaturas de 40 a 90°C, o de 50 a 70°C. Por ejemplo, la película puede tener una retracción libre a 80°C en la dirección transversal de al menos el 60% y una retracción libre a 60°C en la dirección de la máquina de a lo sumo el 10%. Además, la película puede tener cualquier combinación de los valores de retracción anteriores a diferentes temperaturas; por ejemplo, la película puede tener una retracción libre a 90°C en al menos una dirección de al menos el 75% y una retracción libre a 70°C en cualquier dirección de a lo sumo el 5%. La película puede ser templada, por ejemplo, para disminuir el atributo de retracción a una temperatura seleccionada (v.g., 70°C).
La película puede ser templada o endurecida por calor para reducir ligera o substancialmente la retracción libre de una película orientada, por ejemplo, para elevar la temperatura de iniciación de la retracción. La película puede tener menos de cualquiera de un 3%, 2% y 1% de retracción libre en cualquier dirección a temperaturas de entre 40 y 65°C. Se determina la retracción libre de la película midiendo el porcentaje de cambio dimensional en un espécimen de película de 10 x 10 cm cuando se le somete a un calor seleccionado (es decir, a una exposición a una temperatura especificada) según ASTM D 2732. Todas las referencias a retracción libre en esta solicitud son medidas según este patrón. En una realización, las etiquetas de la presente invención pueden ser preparadas coextruyendo una capa de revestimiento superior, una capa núcleo y una capa de revestimiento inferior tales como las antes descritas.
Las películas tienen suficiente resistencia como para ser imprimidas por impresión flexográfica y por huecograbado. Estas películas tienen generalmente un módulo de Young de 150.000 a 500.000, o de 175.000 a 400.000, o de
200.000 a 300.000 psi. Se determina el módulo de Young por ASTM D 882.
La película puede tener una imagen impresa aplicada sobre sí misma, por ejemplo, por cualquier método adecuado de impresión con tinta, tal como las técnicas de serigrafía rotativa, huecograbado o flexografía. Se puede aplicar la imagen impresa a una capa de revestimiento. Se puede aplicar la imagen impresa como una imagen impresa en el reverso, por ejemplo, aplicada a la capa interna de la película de una película retráctil. Se imprime entonces esta película por huecograbado y se lamina por transferencia en un adhesivo sensible a la presión sobre una lámina protectora, tal como el papel tratado con silicona. En realizaciones que emplean revestimientos de poliolefina, el/los revestimiento/s debe/n ser pirotratado/s antes de ser imprimible/s.
En una realización, la capa de revestimiento superior contiene indicios de impresión sobre sí. En una realización, la capa de revestimiento inferior contiene indicios de impresión sobre sí. En una realización, la capa de revestimiento superior contiene una capa adhesiva sobre sí. En una realización, la capa de revestimiento inferior contiene una capa adhesiva sobre sí. En una realización, la capa de revestimiento superior contiene indicios de impresión y una capa adhesiva sobre sí. En una realización, la capa de revestimiento inferior contiene indicios de impresión y una capa adhesiva sobre sí.
Las etiquetas son particularmente útiles en la encapsulación de artículos, tales como baterías. A modo de ilustración, la película retráctil puede ser laminada en un adhesivo sensible a la presión con revestimiento. Se corta la película con troquel para formar etiquetas individuales y se retira la matriz que rodea a las etiquetas. Se aplican entonces las etiquetas resultantes a una batería y se envuelven luego por retracción en un túnel de calor. La temperatura del túnel de calor es de aproximadamente 250-260°F (121 -127°C). Las etiquetas de la presente invención encapsulan la batería también sin fruncimiento de extremos. Cuando se usan estas etiquetas para encapsular baterías, se entiende también que las etiquetas pueden además incluir una circuitería tal como la usada para determinar la fuerza de la carga de la batería. La circuitería puede ser interna de la etiqueta, v.g., sobre el lado adhesivo de la etiqueta, o sobre la superficie externa de la etiqueta, tal como circuitería que sería entonces cubierta además con otra película, tal como las descritas anteriormente, o un barniz para protegerla de daños. Se describen encapsulamientos para baterías y métodos para encapsular baterías, junto con una descripción de algunas circuiterías para etiquetas de baterías en la Patente Estadounidense Nº 5.190.609, concedida a Lin et al.
Ejemplo
Se prepara una película de tres capas extruyendo una película que tiene una configuración de revestimiento/núcleo/revestimiento donde las capas de revestimiento se forman a partir de una composición que tiene un 99% en peso de PETG (Specter Clear de Eastman) y un 1% en peso de antibloqueante (Eastar 6763 C0235 de Eastman), y la capa núcleo se forma a partir de un PETG (Specter Clear de Eastman). La película está configurada de tal forma que el núcleo constituye un 80% de la película y cada capa de revestimiento es un 10% de la película. Se estira la película en la dirección de la máquina en un índice de 2,5:1. La película tenía las siguientes propiedades:
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Claims (1)
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-
2012
- 2012-10-12 US US13/650,527 patent/US10525678B2/en active Active
- 2012-10-12 WO PCT/US2012/059896 patent/WO2013056011A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2012-10-12 CN CN201280055453.3A patent/CN103930274B/zh active Active
- 2012-10-12 ES ES12779250.5T patent/ES2634456T3/es active Active
- 2012-10-12 JP JP2014535909A patent/JP6316192B2/ja active Active
- 2012-10-12 BR BR112014009062A patent/BR112014009062A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2012-10-12 SG SG11201401505VA patent/SG11201401505VA/en unknown
- 2012-10-12 PL PL12779250T patent/PL2766186T3/pl unknown
- 2012-10-12 EP EP12779250.5A patent/EP2766186B1/en not_active Revoked
-
2019
- 2019-12-03 US US16/701,532 patent/US20200338870A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2013056011A1 (en) | 2013-04-18 |
| JP2014534911A (ja) | 2014-12-25 |
| CN103930274A (zh) | 2014-07-16 |
| BR112014009062A2 (pt) | 2017-05-09 |
| SG11201401505VA (en) | 2014-09-26 |
| CN103930274B (zh) | 2016-12-14 |
| US20200338870A1 (en) | 2020-10-29 |
| US20130095371A1 (en) | 2013-04-18 |
| PL2766186T3 (pl) | 2017-12-29 |
| EP2766186B1 (en) | 2017-06-28 |
| JP6316192B2 (ja) | 2018-04-25 |
| EP2766186A1 (en) | 2014-08-20 |
| US10525678B2 (en) | 2020-01-07 |
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