EP3176348B1 - Plateau de coffrage pour coffrages de béton - Google Patents

Plateau de coffrage pour coffrages de béton Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3176348B1
EP3176348B1 EP16205468.8A EP16205468A EP3176348B1 EP 3176348 B1 EP3176348 B1 EP 3176348B1 EP 16205468 A EP16205468 A EP 16205468A EP 3176348 B1 EP3176348 B1 EP 3176348B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
formwork
supporting structure
formwork skin
panel
walls
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16205468.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3176348A1 (fr
Inventor
Kai Hollmann
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Polytech GmbH
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Polytech GmbH
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Publication date
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
    • E04G11/06—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for walls, e.g. curved end panels for wall shutterings; filler elements for wall shutterings; shutterings for vertical ducts
    • E04G11/08—Forms, which are completely dismantled after setting of the concrete and re-built for next pouring
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
    • E04G11/36—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for floors, ceilings, or roofs of plane or curved surfaces end formpanels for floor shutterings
    • E04G11/38—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for floors, ceilings, or roofs of plane or curved surfaces end formpanels for floor shutterings for plane ceilings of concrete
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
    • E04G11/36—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for floors, ceilings, or roofs of plane or curved surfaces end formpanels for floor shutterings
    • E04G11/48—Supporting structures for shutterings or frames for floors or roofs
    • E04G11/50—Girders, beams, or the like as supporting members for forms
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
    • E04G17/001—Corner fastening or connecting means for forming or stiffening elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
    • E04G17/02—Connecting or fastening means for non-metallic forming or stiffening elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/02—Conveying or working-up concrete or similar masses able to be heaped or cast
    • E04G21/04—Devices for both conveying and distributing
    • E04G21/0418—Devices for both conveying and distributing with distribution hose
    • E04G21/0445—Devices for both conveying and distributing with distribution hose with booms
    • E04G21/0463—Devices for both conveying and distributing with distribution hose with booms with boom control mechanisms, e.g. to automate concrete distribution
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G9/00—Forming or shuttering elements for general use
    • E04G9/02—Forming boards or similar elements
    • E04G9/05—Forming boards or similar elements the form surface being of plastics
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G9/00—Forming or shuttering elements for general use
    • E04G9/02—Forming boards or similar elements
    • E04G2009/028—Forming boards or similar elements with reinforcing ribs on the underside

Definitions

  • the support structure can be a uniform molded plastic part.
  • the single or the respective formlining element can be a uniform plastic molded part.
  • Formwork panels for concreting formwork are known in many designs.
  • Monolithic formwork panels are uniform structures made of the same material throughout. So you know e.g. monolithic formwork panels made of aluminum, monolithic formwork formwork panels, and monolithic formwork panels made of a welded steel structure.
  • Composite formwork panels usually consist of a support grate (frame) and a formwork skin which is attached to the support grate on one side of the support grate.
  • the support grid is the load-bearing component of the formwork panel, support grates made of wooden beams, steel beams or aluminum beams being known.
  • the formlining is generally shorter-lived than the carrier grating and is replaced after a certain number of times the formwork panel has been used, particularly due to wear, damage or fatigue. It is common to fasten the formlining to the supporting grate using screws or rivets.
  • the formwork skin mostly consists of multilayer plywood; but one also knows formwork skins that are designed as a composite construction of plywood layers / plastic layer or aluminum layer / plastic layers or glass fiber mats / plastic layers.
  • a formwork panel for concreting formwork with the features that appear in front of the words "characterized” in the first paragraph of the description are in the case of formwork skin made from a single formwork element from the US 4 150 808 A. known.
  • the formlining is connected to the supporting structure by means of screws, which are screwed into threaded bushings embedded in the rear of the supporting structure.
  • the formlining has no molded projections on the back.
  • a formwork panel for concreting formwork is known which has a double-shell supporting structure made of plastic with walls and well-like depressions between the walls and a double-shell formwork skin made of plastic.
  • the back shell of the formwork skin has elevations that are supported on the cup bases of the supporting structure.
  • separately produced connecting pins are provided for connecting the supporting structure and formwork skin, which are inserted through holes in the supporting structure and formwork skin which are aligned with one another.
  • a formwork for concrete formwork made of plastic is known, which is composed of two halves of the same design.
  • Each of the halves has the shape of an outer, continuous plate with rear longitudinal ribs and less high transverse ribs.
  • the ends of the longitudinal ribs are received in a groove on the back of the other half of the formwork panel.
  • the formwork panel can be used as a concrete surface with either of the two flat outer sides.
  • a plastic construction module which has the shape of a continuous plate with an arrangement of intersecting ribs of greater height on one side and an arrangement of intersecting ribs of lower height on the other side.
  • the possibility is further described of connecting the building module to a composite structure with a plastic end.
  • the termination is in the form of a continuous plate with an arrangement of intersecting ribs of low height which form grooves at their ends on one side and optionally an arrangement of intersecting ribs of low height on the other side.
  • the termination is connected to the building module in such a way that the ends of the ribs of greater height on one side of the building module come into the rib channels on one side of the termination.
  • the end is in the form of a continuous plate with single elevations on one side.
  • the plate optionally has an arrangement of intersecting ribs of low height.
  • the end is either turned to the construction module with its first page or with its second side facing the building module connected to it.
  • - Screws that have their screw heads on the outside of the end and are screwed together with nuts provided on the outside of the building module are described as a means of releasably connecting the building module and termination -
  • the area of application for the building module is the fastening of roads, paths and installation surfaces for heavy equipment called. concrete can optionally be poured into the open spaces between the ribs of greater height.
  • Areas of application for the all-round structure consisting of building module and end are the fastening of driveways, streets and parking lots as well as for containers, storage units and as part of scaffolding, as well as for floors, walls and roofs of buildings, but not as formwork panels for concrete formwork. called.
  • the formwork panel has a support structure, which is designed as a continuous plate on the front with ribs on the back, and a formlining connected to it.
  • the formwork skin has molded projections on the back, which pass through holes in the plate of the supporting structure and have wide-pressed heads on the back of the plate. The holes are in the middle of the slab fields, where there are no ribs.
  • the DE 33 32 406 A1 discloses a formwork panel made of wood material, in which nut-like threaded elements are molded or inserted. Protruding bolts are screwed into the threaded elements. The shuttering plate can be hung on a support frame by means of the bolts.
  • both the support structure consists essentially of plastic and the only formwork skin element or the multiple formwork skin elements each essentially consist of plastic.
  • the supporting structure can consist entirely of plastic.
  • the single formwork skin element or the multiple formwork skin elements can consist entirely of plastic.
  • fiber-reinforced plastic with "short fibers", ie in the term used in this application, fibers with an average length of less than or equal to 1 mm, or with "long fibers”, ie in the term used in this application, fibers with on average a length of more than 1 mm (fibers with an average length of several millimeters are quite possible).
  • plastic which is reinforced by means of "short fibers" and / or mineral particles, for example calcium carbonate, talc, or other known particles.
  • mineral particles for example calcium carbonate, talc, or other known particles.
  • Other reinforcing agents can also be used for both the supporting structure and the formlining.
  • releasable used in the first paragraph of the description (one could alternatively also define it as “removable”) means that a type of connection is used which makes it possible to remove the single formwork skin element or the multiple formwork skin elements from the supporting structure. Removal should preferably be possible with little effort.
  • the support structure freed from the formwork skin should be able to be used further by attaching a new single formwork skin element or several new formwork skin elements to it.
  • the single formwork skin element removed from the support structure or the multiple formwork skin elements removed from the support structure can each be easily recycled, since they are at least essentially of the same material.
  • the formwork panel according to the invention can be designed such that the front side of the formwork skin, ie the formwork skin surface that comes into contact with the slurry concrete when the formwork panel is used, is free from the presence of formwork panel components that have to do with the connection of the formwork skin to the supporting structure. If such formwork panel components were present on the front of the formwork skin, they would become apparent in the finished concrete, which one would like to avoid with the formwork panel according to the invention.
  • the formwork skin is advantageously connected to the supporting structure only on the rear side of the formwork skin. If you z. B. uses screws to connect the formlining to the supporting structure, it is good to train so that the screws are screwed in from the back of the panel.
  • the formlining of a formwork panel is subject to aging. There is wear when pouring or pouring concrete slurry and when stripping the solidified concrete; there is a certain fatigue of the material due to the changing load (load due to the concrete pressure / relief when stripping); and during transport to the construction site, during transport on the construction site, when handling, etc., experience has shown that damage occurs again and again. For this reason, the formlining must be replaced after a certain number of uses of the formwork panel, and due to the structure of the formwork panel according to the invention, this is particularly easy.
  • Plastic injection molding, plastic compression molding (“compression molding”; introduction of plastic granules or also of plate-like precursors or of so-called preforms into a divided mold, heating the mold for melting the plastic or for thermal curing) are particularly suitable for the formwork panel according to the invention the plastic, cooling the mold to allow thermoplastic to solidify), thermoforming (“thermoforming”; a sheet or film made of thermoplastic is heated and pressed into a cooled mold or mold half or sucked with negative pressure), and plastic extrusion.
  • the supporting structure is a component with a comparatively complicated shape. It is particularly favorable to design the supporting structure as an essentially or entirely integral injection molded component made of plastic.
  • the exemplary embodiments described below will show even more clearly that it is possible, particularly in the case of an injection molded component, to achieve a shape of the support structure which is favorable for the load absorption, the durability and for the appearance of the support structure. It is expressly pointed out that it can be determined on the finished component if it is an injection molded component, in particular on the relatively small wall thicknesses, the relatively small radii, the finely modeled shape, the sprues etc.
  • the supporting structure can be an injection molded component whose shape can be concluded that it was actually injection molded.
  • the support structure is - essentially or entirely - an integral die-cast component made of plastic.
  • the supporting structure can be a die-cast component in which one can conclude from the shape that it was produced by plastic die-casting.
  • At least one formwork skin element is present which - essentially or entirely - is an integral injection-molded component made of plastic.
  • This formlining element can be a component in which one can conclude from the shape that it was produced by injection molding.
  • the formwork skin element or the formwork skin elements are components which generally have a less complicated shape than the supporting structure.
  • At least one formwork skin element is present which - essentially or entirely - is an integral die-cast component made of plastic.
  • This formlining element can be a component in which it can be concluded from the shape that it was produced by die-casting plastic.
  • the formwork skin element in question is essentially plate-like with molded projections for specific purposes, as will be explained in more detail below, but may have its own stiffening ribs for reducing local formwork skin deflection.
  • the support structure is essentially designed as a grating.
  • a grating design creates optimal conditions for supporting the formwork skin at comparatively small "support intervals" by the supporting structure, so that the formwork skin can be dimensioned comparatively thin with sufficient load-bearing capacity. It is favorable if the support spacings are smaller than 25 cm, better smaller than 20 cm, and even better smaller than 15 cm everywhere.
  • the walls ie four edge walls and a considerable number of partitions, at least in part (favorably all) designed as double walls.
  • At least a part of the double walls (advantageously all double walls) of the partition walls can be provided that their two (partial) walls on the back (that is the side that is more distant from the formwork skin) of the support structure are each connected by material areas, so that - seen in cross-section of the double wall in question - results in a U-shaped shape or a hat-shaped shape to be described in more detail below, as a result of which a particularly favorable carrying behavior of the supporting structure can be achieved.
  • these double walls can be open, so that there is good manufacturability.
  • connection of the two partial walls can be carried out in such a way that, apart from the channels perpendicular to the front of the panel, which may be described further below, the spaces between the two partial walls on the rear of the panel are completely closed off through the material areas.
  • a connection of the two partial walls can be provided in each case by a row of spaced "connecting bridges" both on the front side and on the rear side of the supporting structure.
  • the supporting structure is not essentially designed as a grating, that is to say essentially as a grating by means of an explicitly disclosed hereby Disclaimers is excluded.
  • Claim 1 claims several ways in which the formwork skin (i.e. the single formwork skin element or the multiple formwork skin elements in each case) can be connected to the supporting structure in the invention.
  • clip connections particularly includes connections with resilient tongues, of which areas snap behind counter elements, also called snap-fit in technical jargon, as well as connections with protruding areas (cheap: only slightly turned out), which are inserted in counter areas (favorable: only slightly indented) sit depressed; see also the exemplary embodiments.
  • At least one formwork skin element has at least one or more integrally formed extensions, which function during the transmission has or have any tensile forces between the supporting structure and the relevant formlining element (and of course vice versa).
  • tensile forces are understood to mean forces which act at right angles to the front of the formlining. The tensile forces occur in particular when the formwork panel is pulled away from the solidified concrete of a manufactured concrete product.
  • the tensile forces mentioned can also be force components of forces that have a different direction overall.
  • the extension (or the extensions) can in particular be an extension for screwing in a screw.
  • the extension (or the extensions) can, in particular, be an extension for a “turned-out area sitting in the turned-in area” connection already mentioned above.
  • the female / male engagement can in each case be formed by one or more extension molded onto this formlining element, which is engaged with a receptacle formed in the supporting structure. It is good if the extension in question is seated in the receptacle in question essentially without play to the side.
  • a favorable possibility of realizing the form-fitting female / male intervention is that the end region facing the formwork skin of at least one wall, better several walls or all walls, which the supporting structure has, to be provided continuously or in sections with a sequence of extensions and receptacles, for example in the manner of a toothing on a toothed rack.
  • at least partial sequences of projections and receptacles are provided on the back of the formlining, for example according to the type of toothing on a toothed rack.
  • extensions of the relevant wall of the support structure engage in receptacles of the formwork skin
  • extensions of the formwork skin engage in receptacles of the relevant wall of the support structure in the manner of a mutually complementary intervention. If there is a system of walls running in several directions, in particular crossing, the shear strength of the engagement is between Support structure and formlining not limited to just one direction (from the many possible directions parallel to the front of the formlining).
  • the walls can be double walls, in particular as described above, but can also be differently shaped walls, in particular as described above.
  • the addressed interlocking engagement or interlocking interventions ensures a direct transmission of thrust between the supporting structure and the relevant formlining element and vice versa.
  • the form-fitting engagement or the form-fitting interventions have combined the formwork skin element in question and the supporting structure in such a way that they are, at least largely, a jointly supporting structure. In this way, material can be saved in the supporting structure.
  • the plastic of the supporting structure has a higher strength than the plastic of the single formwork skin element or the plastic or the plastics of the several formwork skin elements.
  • the supporting structure can be designed such that it provides the main part of the total strength of the formwork panel in the formwork panel, whereas the formwork skin provides only a smaller part of the overall strength. In this case, you can afford it, at least to have a formlining element made of a plastic of lower strength.
  • a fiber-reinforced plastic is advantageously provided, with glass fibers or carbon fibers being a particularly advantageous option, and not only short fibers (less than / equal to 1 mm in length) but also longer fibers, for. B.
  • the formwork skin element mentioned it is favorable either to provide fiber reinforcement with comparatively short fibers or to reinforce with particles, in particular mineral particles such as calcium carbonate particles and talc particles.
  • the focus of the formwork skin element mentioned is not maximum strength, but good surface quality for good concrete surfaces, good recyclability and a favorable price.
  • the plastic of at least one formwork element is selected such that the formwork element can be nailed.
  • B. block-like parts or beam-like parts which then mold recesses or openings, which are also called recesses, in concrete
  • shuttering angle to form an end edge of the concrete product, which is also called shuttering or end shuttering
  • the nailability mentioned at the beginning of the paragraph can be defined in such a way that a nail with a diameter of 3 mm can be driven in without any visible cracks forming around the point of impact. In this case, the nail can be pulled out later, and the nail hole essentially closes again with concrete slurry at the next concreting job and usually remains closed.
  • Plastics that have a lower strength than the plastic of the supporting structure, as described above, can be designed more easily in a nailable design. Glass fibers usually make nailing considerably more difficult.
  • the support structure on its two longitudinal sides and / or its two transverse sides is in each case wall-like, in particular in each case double-wall-like, with a series of wall openings, in particular wall-crossing openings. These openings can be used to reach in when handling the formwork panel and to connect adjacent formwork panels.
  • Said wall openings and their surroundings can be designed in such a way that mechanical coupling elements for coupling are favorable at these points neighboring formwork panels can be connected and / or formwork accessories such as props or formwork brackets can be connected.
  • formwork accessories such as props or formwork brackets
  • the formwork panel has a surface area of at least 0.8 m 2 , preferably of at least 1.0 m 2 .
  • the construction according to the invention makes it possible to provide formwork panels of this size with a concrete pressure absorption capacity of up to 40 kN / m 2 , or even up to 50 kN / m 2 , or even up to 60 kN / m 2 , without being too large Panel deflections or excessive use of material and thus excessive weight.
  • thermoplastic plastics can advantageously be used in each case, but the use of thermosetting plastics is also possible.
  • the phrase "at least one formlining element” has been used in several places.
  • the formwork is formed from several formwork elements
  • at least one of these several formwork elements is designed as indicated.
  • the case in which the formwork skin is formed from a single formwork skin element is the cheapest.
  • Another object of the invention is a concreting wall formwork which has several coupled formwork panels according to the invention.
  • “Coupled” means “adjoining one another horizontally at the coupling point concerned” and / or means “vertically connecting one another at the coupling point concerned Then ".
  • coupling elements can be used, which interact with the wall openings of the formwork panels mentioned above.
  • the coupling elements can each have a shape that is similar to a door handle with an integrally formed shaft area. Two flanges can be provided on the shaft area.
  • Die Coupling elements can be designed in such a way that they are brought into coupling engagement or out of coupling engagement by pivoting movement about the central axis of the waveband
  • the coupling elements can have one or more more specific features, which are based on the 33 to 35 to be discribed.
  • a coupling element or a plurality of coupling elements can be used along the zone in which two adjacent formwork panels are in contact with one another.
  • posts can be provided at corners of the wall to be produced, with which formwork panels are coupled “over a corner”. This applies both inside and outside on the wall corner or column corner to be produced.
  • the post in question can in particular have a rectangular (longer than wide) or square horizontal cross section.
  • Another object of the invention is a concreting slab formwork, in which several formwork panels according to the invention for forming a larger slab formwork area in spatial proximity are supported on a support structure (which can also be a conventionally designed support structure).
  • the support structure can be designed in such a way that the formwork panels in question are each supported on at least one slab formwork support and / or at least one formwork support, which formwork support is in turn supported on formwork supports and / or main formwork girders, which main formwork girders in turn are supported on formwork supports are supported.
  • screws are screwed into at least some of the extensions from the rear of the supporting structure.
  • the screws can be self-tapping screws.
  • the formwork panel 2 shown is composed of two components, namely a supporting structure 4 and a formwork skin 6, which is formed here by a single formwork skin element 8. Both the support structure 4 and the formlining element 8 consist entirely of plastic.
  • the formwork has the shape or geometry of a cuboid, which - measured at right angles to the plane of the Fig. 1 visible formwork skin front side 10, which is at the same time formwork panel front side 10 - has a significantly smaller dimension or thickness d than its length dimension I and its width dimension b.
  • z. B the length I 135 cm, the width b 90 cm, and the thickness d 10 cm.
  • the supporting structure 4 has the shape of a grating.
  • Each of the two longitudinal edges has the shape of a double-walled wall 12, and each of the two transverse edges has the shape of a double-walled wall 14.
  • the clear distances between the longitudinal partition walls 16 and between the relevant "last" longitudinal partition wall 16 and the relevant longitudinal edge wall 12 are all the same among one another.
  • the clear distances between the transverse partition walls 18 and between the relevant "last" transverse partition wall 18 and the relevant transverse edge wall 14 are all the same to one another and moreover the same as the previously described distance between the various longitudinal walls 12, 16. Between the various walls 12, 14, 16, 18 is thus a matrix-like or checkerboard-like arrangement of - in plan view of the front ( Fig. 3 ) or on the back ( Fig. 4 ) - each formed essentially square openings 20, which are open both to the front 22 of the support structure 4 and to the rear 24 of the support structure 4, but in somewhat different sizes, as will be described in more detail below.
  • each clear opening 20 is approximately 10 ⁇ 10 cm in size.
  • the flanges 28 bring additional plastic material near the front 22;
  • the contact surface for the formwork skin 6 is increased and the clear distances between the supports for the formwork skin element 8 are reduced.
  • the clear cross-section at the openings 20 is smaller on the front side 22 than on the rear side 24, where it is approximately 12 ⁇ 12 cm.
  • the longitudinal edge walls 12 and the transverse edge walls 14 each have an oval, elongated hole-shaped wall opening 30 crossing the relevant edge wall 12 and 14 at those points where there is an opening 20 on the inside of the longitudinal wall 12 and 14, respectively.
  • the openings 30 each completely cross the edge wall 12 or 14 (that is, they go through both partial walls of the double wall structure) and are surrounded by an opening peripheral wall 32.
  • the outer surface i.e. facing away from the center of the support structure 4) is set back slightly from the outer contour of the support structure 4.
  • the outer contour on the rear side 24 is a slightly larger rectangle than the rectangle line along the mentioned outer surfaces of the edge walls 12 and 14.
  • the formlining element 8 has the shape of a plate with extensions 40 on the rear.
  • circular openings 42 which are located in the vicinity of the longitudinal edges of the formwork skin element 8, will be discussed in more detail below.
  • a total of 66 (i.e. 70 minus four openings 42) extensions 40 are present.
  • the extensions 40 are each present at a crossing point between partition walls 16 and 18 or at a T point between an edge wall 12 or 14 and a partition wall 16 or 18, except for those points where the four openings 42 are present.
  • the extensions 40 are thus arranged in the pattern of a matrix or in the checkerboard pattern.
  • each extension 40 reaches the front end region of a channel 34 Fig. 7 it can be seen that each channel 34 in question has a reduced round cross section in its end region adjacent to the front side 22 of the support structure 4, so that a shoulder 44 is formed in the direction of the rear side 24 of the support structure 4. You can also see in Fig. 7 and 8th that any extension 40 is subdivided into four tongues 48 distributed over the circumference of the extension by corresponding slots 46 running in its longitudinal direction.
  • Each of the tongues 48 has a shoulder 50 on the outside in the central region of its length, which extends in the shape of a partial circle over a little less than 90 ° and, in the assembled state of the support structure 4 and formwork element 8, behind the shoulder 44 of the channel 34 or the support structure 4 in question is locked.
  • each of the extensions 40 At its center, ie inside between the four tongues 48, each of the extensions 40 has an axially extending cavity 52, which ends approximately at the level of the plate rear side 54 of the formlining element 8.
  • each of the tongues 48 is beveled on its outside in its end region facing the rear side 24 of the support structure 4, see reference numeral 56.
  • the extensions 40 for assembling the support structure 4 and formwork element 8 can each be smaller in the end region Cross section of a channel 34 are introduced. Because of the inclined surfaces 56, the tongues 48 are elastically compressed somewhat towards the central extension axis, and the relevant extension 40 continues to enter the relevant channel 34 until the shoulders 50 of the relevant extension 40 - as the tongues 48 spring back outwards snap behind the shoulder 44 of the channel 34 in question.
  • each extension 40 with the shoulder 44 of a channel 34 creates a connection or fastening between the support structure 4 and the formwork element 8, which holds the support structure 4 and the formwork element 8 together against the action of tensile forces in the longitudinal direction of the channels 34 or - in other words - act at right angles to the front of the formwork panel 10.
  • each extension 40 Since with each extension 40 the tongues 48 on the circumference are in contact with that part of the channel 34 in question where this has a smaller cross section (see reference number 58) and because the tongues 48 have a sufficiently large material cross section there, the female-male Engagement between this area of the relevant extension 40 and the area of smaller cross-section 58 of the channel 34 in question creates a connection, the thrust forces with respect to the interface between the front 22 of the support structure 4 and the back of the panel 54 of the formlining element 8 (ie with respect to forces parallel to the front of the formwork panel 10 can act). In this way, the supporting structure 4 and the formwork skin element 8 form a structure that at least largely jointly supports the forces that occur.
  • the formlining element 8 has a circular opening 42 at two locations near one longitudinal edge and at two locations near the other longitudinal edge. Each of the openings 42 is located at a location at which a channel 34 is positioned in the support structure 4. In this way, four points are formed, at each of which a so-called tension anchor (which is essentially a rod in the middle region of the tension anchor of interest here) is formed by the complete formwork panel 2, i. H.
  • a so-called tension anchor which is essentially a rod in the middle region of the tension anchor of interest here
  • Push support structure 4 and formwork element 8 through and can also push completely through a formwork panel 2 set up parallel to and at a distance from it.
  • tension anchors are used in particular for concreting wall formwork, where formwork panels are placed at a distance in order to produce a concrete wall by pouring concrete into the space.
  • the formwork skin element 8 can be fastened to the supporting structure 4. You only have to radially compress the tongues 48 of the extensions in order to then be able to remove the formlining element 8 from the supporting structure 4. An alternative possibility is to carry out a rotary movement of the formwork skin element 8 relative to the supporting structure 4, which destroys the fastening.
  • the plate-like area 9 of the formwork skin element 8 ie the formwork skin element 8 without the extensions 40, has on all four edges on the back an edge strip 11 thicker in the direction of the formwork skin element thickness d, which there provides the resilience and wear resistance of the formwork skin element 8 and the tightness of the formwork panel 2 to neighboring formwork panels 2 increases. If the application refers to the back of the panel 54 of the formlining element, the back is meant within the edge strips 11. In this exemplary embodiment, the "plate thickness" of the plastic is 5 mm within the edge strips 11.
  • the channels 34 used for the releasable connection or fastening of the support structure 4 and the formwork element 8 do not have a reduced cross section in the end region adjacent to the front side 22 of the support structure 4, but in the end region adjacent to the rear side 24 of the support structure 4, In cross section round nozzle 60, which has a smaller cross section on both the inner circumference and the outer circumference than the rest of the channel 34.
  • the extensions 40 now each have a cross section, which can be described as a hollow cylindrical, central connection piece 62 with four radially extending ribs 64 arranged at a 90 ° angular distance.
  • Each extension 40 protrudes for a length from the plate rear side 54 of the formlining element 8, which corresponds to approximately one third of the thickness of the supporting structure 4.
  • the four ribs 64 have such a dimension that the rib ends extend straight into the four inner corners 66 of the channel 34 in question.
  • each of the integrally formed extensions 40 and thus the entirety of all extensions 40 by interacting with the relevant channels 34 by means of female / male interventions, provides a bond between the supporting structure 4 and the formwork skin element 8, which can transmit thrust forces that act parallel to the formwork face 10.
  • screws 70 which cooperate with the extensions 40 and which, from the rear 24 of the support structure 4, each pass through the connecting piece 60 of the support structure 4 into the interior of the Hollow socket 62 of the relevant extension 40 are screwed in, see the in Fig. 14 drawn final state.
  • the screws 70 are self-tapping and cut their mating thread in the respective hollow connector 62 when the support structure 4 and the formwork element 8 are assembled. By unscrewing the screws 70, the bonded state or mutual attachment state of the support structure 4 and the formwork element 8 can be released in a simple manner.
  • the screw connections between the screws 70 and the extensions 40 provide a bond that can transmit tensile forces that act at right angles to the front of the formwork panel 10 in the sense that separates the support structure 4 and formwork skin element 8.
  • the second embodiment tends to be more efficient to produce than the first embodiment and allows somewhat larger dimensional tolerances between the supporting structure 4 and the formlining element 8. It is emphasized that a screw 70 does not have to be installed in each of the channels 34. For the strength of the connection, it is sufficient if a screw 70 is screwed into only part of the channels 34.
  • the extensions 40 can be designed to be more resistant to bending than in the first exemplary embodiment.
  • channels 34a and formwork element openings 42 for tension anchors.
  • an extension 40b which - compared to a "normal extension" 40a on the longitudinal edge of the formlining element 8 - is offset somewhat from the longitudinal center line of the formlining element 8.
  • Correspondingly slightly offset channels 34b are provided in the supporting structure 4 for such extensions 40b.
  • a third embodiment of a formwork panel according to the invention will now be described.
  • the third embodiment is similar to the previously described second embodiment.
  • the following description focuses on the differences from the second embodiment.
  • the channels 34 in the support structure 4 have a round cross-section and neither a cross-sectional reduction in the end region adjacent to the front of the support structure 22 nor a cross-section reduction in the end region adjacent to the rear of the support structure 24.
  • a transverse wall 72 is included in the central region of the length of the channel 34 in question a central hole 74 is present.
  • the transverse wall 72 serves as a bearing for the screw head 76 of a screw 70 in question, which is inserted there from the rear of the support structure 24 through the hole 74.
  • the formwork skin extensions 40 here have the shape of a central hollow connector 62 with z. B. eight circumferentially distributed ribs 64, which are significantly shorter in the radial direction than in the second embodiment.
  • a self-tapping screw 70 is screwed into an extension 40 at the points where this is considered necessary.
  • the fourth embodiment differs from the previous embodiments essentially in the type of connection or mutual attachment of support structure 4 and formwork skin element 8. The following description focuses on the description of these differences.
  • each of the extensions 40 has on its outer circumference - lying in a first plane - on the outside of it a first, interrupted, row of circumferentially protruding areas 80.
  • a second plane which is axially spaced from the first plane, there is a second, interrupted row of protruding areas 80 present on the outer circumference.
  • the number of circumferential rows can alternatively be less than or greater than two.
  • indented areas 82 On the inner circumference of the relevant associated channels 34 of the support structure 4 there are indented areas 82, also in areas interrupted over the circumference in two levels or even more levels or fewer levels.
  • the turned-out areas 80 and the turned-in areas 82 are positioned such that when the support structure 4 and formwork element 8 are joined together with slight elastic deformation of the extensions 40 and / or channel walls, the turned-out areas 80 come into the turned-in counter areas 82 and there until a considerable amount is applied Firmly release or pull out force. A female / male intervention is thus generated between each extension 40 and each associated channel 34.
  • Such slightly turned-out areas 80 and such easily turned-in counter areas 82 can be molded on in the formation of the support structure 4 and the formwork element 8, in particular by plastic injection molding or by plastic die-casting, without having to use sliders in the production mold which are transverse Have it shifted to the main extension plane of the supporting structure 4 or formwork skin element 8. Rather, the manufacturing mold can simply have corresponding depressions at the points where protruding areas 80 are to be formed.
  • the formwork skin element produced can be ejected from the mold cavity with elastic deformation, particularly when the molding product is still warm.
  • the manufacturing mold has corresponding bulges at the points where the indented areas 82 are to be formed Has.
  • the extensions 40 can be provided with turned-in areas and the channels 34 with turned-out areas.
  • the extensions 40 take up about a quarter of the length of the channels 34 in the illustrated embodiment.
  • the channels 34 can be closed at their end adjacent to the rear of the support structure 24 (see the left channel 34 in FIG Fig. 23 ) or be open (see right channel 34 in Fig. 23 ).
  • Hollow circular shape and hollow square shape of the extensions 40 are practical, but can also be replaced by other cross-sectional shapes.
  • the case of two different geometries of the extensions 40 is drawn in the drawing. All geometries can also be the same or more than two different geometries can be realized.
  • a fifth embodiment of a formwork panel 2 according to the invention will now be described.
  • the fifth embodiment differs from the previous embodiments essentially only in the type of connection or mutual attachment of the support structure 4 and formwork element 8.
  • the following description of the fifth embodiment focuses on the description of the differences from the previous embodiments.
  • the formwork skin element 8 has extensions 40 which, like the extensions in the second embodiment (see in particular Fig. 11 and 13 ) are shaped, but without a central, axially extending cavity. There are also no screws that are screwed into the extensions 40 from the rear of the supporting structure 24.
  • the extensions 40 cooperating with the corresponding channels 34 (female / male intervention in each case), therefore only take on the task of mutually fixing the position of the supporting structure 4 and formwork skin element 8 and of transmitting the thrust forces mentioned above.
  • Formwork skin element 8 has plate-like extensions 84 formed on the back.
  • two extensions 84 or three extensions 84 are provided per opening 20 in the support structure 4 in the case of the openings 20 adjacent to the edge. You can also work with a different number of molded extensions 84.
  • Fig. 27 it can be seen that the openings 20 in the regions close to the front of the supporting structure, where extensions 84 "come in” when the supporting structure 4 and formwork element 8 are assembled, have molded projections 86 which protrude towards the center of the opening 20 in question.
  • the projections 86 each have a shoulder 88 on their side facing the support structure rear side 24.
  • the extensions 84 each have two overhangs 90 at their end which is farther from the plate rear side 54 of the formlining element 8 and which point away from the center of the relevant opening 20.
  • the projections 90 are each chamfered on their side facing away from the center of the opening 20 in question (see reference number 92) and have a shoulder 94 on their end facing the plate rear side 54.
  • Fig. 29 illustrates that you can connect the support structure 4 and the formwork element 8 by gluing or fastening to each other, instead of to use previously described types of connection, but this is not part of the invention.
  • Adhesive strips 96 do not have to be in all places where the flanges 28 and the back of the panel 54 meet , and not be provided in the fullest possible length. The extent to which adhesive strips 96 are provided depends on the total adhesive surface required to ensure the desired connection strength.
  • connection described by gluing is releasable if one selects a suitable, familiar to the expert and available on the market, the z. B. can be solved by a selective solvent.
  • Fig. 30 illustrates two further possible types, not according to the invention, of how the releasable connection or the releasable mutual fastening of support structure 4 and formwork skin element 8 can be achieved.
  • the first of the two possibilities is the molding of relatively short, pin-shaped extensions 40 on the back of the panel 54 of the formlining element 8, e.g. B. in each case a pin-shaped extension 40 (or also a plurality of pin-shaped extensions 40) in the region of each crossing point or a part number of the crossing points between partition walls 16 and 18 and in the region of each T-point or a part number of T-points between partition walls 16 and 18 and an edge wall 12 or 14.
  • a hole is provided in the support structure 4, z. B. at a corner transition of two flanges 28, as in Fig. 30 drawn.
  • the pin-shaped extension 40 is initially so long that when the formwork skin element 8 and the support structure 4 are joined together, it protrudes a little from the hole mentioned.
  • the outstanding end can be seen e.g. B. by means of a heated stamp to a wider extension head 98 or remelt, as in Fig. 30 is drawn.
  • z. B. snap off the plastic head 98 thus formed with suitable pliers.
  • An alternative is to provide a rivet instead of the pin-like extensions 40 made of plastic.
  • the rivet head formed in the generation of the rivet connection sees z. B. as in Fig. 30 drawn with reference numeral 98. To loosen the rivet connection, the rivet head must be removed, e.g. B. by clipping with suitable pliers.
  • Suitable plastics from which the supporting structure 4 and the formlining 6 can consist, are known to the person skilled in the art and are available on the market.
  • Suitable base plastics here are polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) and polyamide (PA).
  • the support structure 4, which bears a large part of the load on the formwork panel 2, can in particular consist of fiber-reinforced plastic, glass fibers and carbon fibers being mentioned as favorable examples. Comparatively long fibers can be used (length over 1 mm up to a few centimeters).
  • the plastic of the supporting structure 4 has a greater strength than the plastic of the formwork skin element 8, which can be nailed.
  • a length I of 135 cm, a width b of 90 cm, a thickness d of 10 cm, the thickness of the plate-like region of the formlining element 8 being 5 mm have been mentioned as examples.
  • This exemplary dimension specification also applies to all other embodiments.
  • formwork panels 2 designed according to the teaching of the invention are also larger or can have even smaller formats. If you want to make significantly larger formats available, however, the required amount of material increases disproportionately, so that you get uneconomical and no longer to be handled manual panels. On the other hand, if you go to significantly smaller formats, the construction and dismantling of concrete formwork becomes more complex; In addition, the number of joints between adjacent formwork panels increases, which joints may be seen molded in the finished concrete product.
  • the outer edges of the plate-like areas 94 of adjacent formwork skins 6 come into contact with one another in a desirable manner, so that at most a smaller passage of concrete slurry is possible there.
  • the outer edges of adjacent support structure rear sides 24 come into close contact.
  • the outer surfaces of the edge walls 12 and 14 are spaced apart as desired so as not to jeopardize the aforementioned, desired, close contacts on the front and rear sides of the panel.
  • the respective support structure 4 and the respective formlining element 8 are in each case an integral injection-molded component made of plastic or in each case an integral die-cast component made of plastic, that is to say the support structure 4 and formwork skin element 8 each have a shape which is produced by plastic injection molding or by Plastic die casting allowed.
  • the openings 20 including the inside of the flanges 28, the rear halves of the edge double walls 12 and 14 up to the openings 30, as well as the rear surfaces of the Material regions 26 closing between double walls 16 and 18 at the rear are formed by regions of the production mold from the rear of the supporting structure 4.
  • the spaces between the intermediate double walls 16 and 18 and the spaces between the edge walls 12 and 14 up to the openings 30 can be formed from the front of the support structure 4 by regions of the manufacturing mold.
  • the channels 34 it depends on the channel shape whether one forms entirely from the rear of the support structure 4 (for example in the first embodiment, see Fig.
  • all relevant surfaces of the support structure 4 and formwork skin element 8 have a so-called pull-out slope of typically 0.5 to 2 degrees, so that the halves of the production mold can be opened without problems, the slides of the production mold can be pulled out easily, and the plastic product can be easily removed from the production mold can be expelled.
  • the rear side 54 of the plate-like region 9 of the formwork skin element 8 is a good position for the parting plane of the production mold that the extensions 40 have Free spaces can be formed in one half of the mold. This is particularly easy in the second, third and fourth embodiment.
  • sliders have to be used to form the "barbs" on the extensions 40.
  • the formwork skin front side 10 and thus the entire formwork panel front side is free of components which have to do with the means for connecting or fastening the support structure 4 and formwork skin element 8 to one another.
  • the front of the formlining 10 is completely flat (in the sense in which the term "flat" is usually used for formwork skins, which does not mean a plane that is strictly geometrically flat), so that on the surface of the concrete product to be produced shows nothing other than the undisturbed surface of the formlining 6 and at most certain markings at the places where there were joints between adjacent formworks 6.
  • openings are drawn which run at right angles to the formwork skin front side 10, extend through the double-wall structure of the edge walls 12 and 14 and have a shape in the end region adjacent to the supporting structure rear side 24, which one can be described as circular with two diametrical, essentially rectangular extensions (see particularly clearly Fig. 18 , top right; Fig. 23 ).
  • This form of opening end areas has nothing to do with claim features in this application.
  • a section of a concrete formwork 100 is shown, which is constructed with formwork panels 2 according to the invention. Specifically, a wall formwork is drawn for a wall that goes around a 90 ° corner.
  • wall formwork for straight walls, for pillars, for T-shaped merging walls, etc. can be created in a corresponding manner, the principles described below being used accordingly in all these cases.
  • Fig. 31 are all formwork panels 2 "vertically aligned", ie their longitudinal direction I is vertical and their width direction b or transverse direction is horizontal.
  • the formwork skin front 10 runs vertically in all formwork panels 2.
  • Two of the form panels 2 visible with full width b have the dimensions as the form panels according to all embodiments 1 to 30 had, that is, eight transverse partitions 18 and five longitudinal partitions 16 and nine openings 20 in series, respectively, when proceeding in the longitudinal direction, and six openings 20 in series, when proceeding in the transverse direction.
  • their width b is one third of the width of the "full formwork panels 2", ie you only have two openings 20 in series if you proceed in the transverse direction.
  • the length I of the formwork panels 2 described last is equal to the length I of the full formwork panels 2.
  • Fig. 31 As it were, only sees the upper half of a wall formwork section. A second, lower half follows at the bottom, as will be described in more detail. All in all, the wall formwork then has a height of 270 cm, which is a very common room height in residential construction from the concrete floor to the underside of the ceiling.
  • the Fig. 31 it can be seen that and how adjacent formwork panels 2 or the last formwork panel 2 is coupled to the post 108. If you go down into the fourth opening 20 at the last outer corner formwork panel 2a on the left vertical edge, one sees part of a coupling element 110. On the right vertical edge of the same formwork panel 2a one sees four coupling elements 110 of the same type. Also in the left third, above, the Fig. 31 one sees a coupling element 110 of the same type. Coupling elements 110 of this type are described below with reference to FIGS 33 to 35 described in more detail. At this point, the explanation suffices that coupling elements 110 of this type, which engage through pairs of openings 30 in the edge walls 12, can be used to couple adjacent formwork panels 2 or to couple a formwork panel 2 to a post 106 or 108.
  • Fig. 31 it can also be seen that and how coupling elements 110 of the same type can be used to couple two formwork panels 2 adjoining one another in the vertical direction, in that the coupling element 110 in question engages through a pair of openings 30 in transverse edge walls 14 of two formwork panels 2.
  • tension anchors 112 (as already mentioned above in the application), which are each fixed by means of a nut plate 114 against the back of the supporting structure 24 of two flush adjacent formwork panels 2.
  • the tension anchor rod 112 passes through a channel of only one support structure 4, which runs at right angles to the front face 10 of the formlining.
  • the adjacent formwork panel 2 is included in the pressing process via the nut plate 114.
  • Fig. 32 uses an example (from many possible examples) to illustrate how a concrete slab formwork 120 can be formed using formwork panels 2 according to the invention.
  • a formwork support 124 feeds from slab formwork prop head 126 next slab formwork prop head 126.
  • the longitudinal center line of the first row described and the longitudinal center line of the second row described are at a distance from one another which is essentially as long as the length I of the formwork panels 2 inserted between the rows, plus twice half the width of a formwork beam 124 ,
  • a ceiling formwork 120 with the formwork panels 2 according to the invention can in particular also form ceiling formwork 120 of a structure with so-called main girders and so-called secondary girders.
  • the space between the parallel formwork beams 124 is not bridged by formwork panels 2, but by a series of secondary beams placed parallel to each other (in which case the distance between the formwork beams 124 shown is usually larger).
  • the beams leading from column 122 to column 122 are called "main beams” and the beams extending at right angles to them and placed on the main beams are called “secondary beams".
  • the formwork panels 2 are then placed in such a way that they each bridge the distance between two adjacent secondary beams.
  • the secondary beams are those beams that are referred to as formwork beams in the present application.
  • the coupling element 110 shown in the drawing has an overall shape that is reminiscent of a door handle with an integrated shaft, about whose central axis 144 the coupling element 110 can be pivoted as a whole.
  • the coupling element 110 can in particular consist of metal or plastic.
  • the coupling element 110 has a shaft region 140 and, integral with the shaft region 140, an elongated grip region 142 which runs in a plane on which the imaginary central axis 144 of the shaft region 140 is at right angles.
  • the grip area 142 itself is bent relatively close to the shaft area 140 by approximately 45 ° in its plane.
  • a worker can grip the straight, longer part 146 of the grip area 142 by hand and then, favorably by means of a lever arm given by the distance between the grip point and the central axis 144, rotate the shaft region 140 about its central axis 144.
  • the grip area 142 integrally merges into a first end area of the shaft area 140.
  • a first flange 148 in the form of an annular flange projecting radially outward is located on the shaft region 140 at a small axial distance from this transition point.
  • a second flange 150 is located on the shaft region 140 at a clear distance a from the first flange 148, which has a more complicated shape, which will be described in more detail below.
  • the clear distance a is approximately as large as it is for wall formwork panels 2 of the sum of the thickness of two edge walls 12 and 14 in the vicinity of a surrounding opening 30, added together, the (small) clearance between the outer surfaces of the pair of edge walls 12 and 14, as described in connection with the first embodiment and the recessing of the outer surface of the edge walls 12 and 14 respectively.
  • the shaft area 140 in an intermediate flange area 141 is only essentially circular cylindrical. More precisely, the wave region 140 has a somewhat elongated cross section there, which can be carried out “oval-like” or “ellipse-like” or in the form of “two semicircles with two straight sections in between”.
  • This cross-sectional shape falls into Fig. 33 optically not because the "thickness" or "local diameter” at the shortest point is only slightly smaller than at the longest point, which is about 90 ° away. The meaning of this cross-sectional shape is described in more detail below.
  • the second flange 150 When looking at the end face of the shaft area 140 where the second flange 150 is located, see arrow A in Fig. 33 (c) , the second flange 150 has an oval outer contour, that is to say a semicircular section 152 at each end and between them a straight section 154 on each side. In the middle region between the two semicircular sections 152, the second flange 150 — measured at right angles to the course of the straight line Sections 154 between the semicircular sections 152 - a width c, which corresponds to the smallest thickness or the smallest diameter of the only substantially circular-cylindrical region 141 of the shaft region 140 or is slightly smaller.
  • the second flange 150 has a dimension e that is clear is larger than the width c.
  • the extent of the radial protrusion of the second flange 150 over the circumferential surface of the only substantially circular cylindrical region 141 of the shaft region 140 increases from 0 to a maximum amount as it progresses by 90 °, then as it progresses by another 90 ° Maximum amount down to 0, then from 0 to a maximum amount when moving on by a further 90 °, and finally from further down by a further 90 ° from the maximum amount to 0.
  • the shaft area 140 with the second flange 150 of the coupling element 110 can be inserted into an aligned pair of openings 30 of two parallel positioned edge walls 12 and 14 of two adjacent formwork panels 2.
  • the openings 30 are, as explained above, oval or slot-like, and the oval shape of the second flange 150 described is such that the shaft region 140 with the second flange 150 ahead can be inserted straight through the two openings 30, when the larger dimension e of the second flange 150 matches the longer length of the oval opening 30.
  • the beginning of this insertion process can be seen in Fig. 34 at the right coupling element 110, and the end of this insertion process can be seen at the in Fig.
  • the second flange 150 of the coupling element 110 in question is located entirely on the inside of the relevant edge wall 12 or 14 of the second panel 2 (here the second panel 2 is the panel 2 whose opening 30 is the second opening of the pair of openings 30 is passed through the second flange 150).
  • the coupling element 110 can be rotated or pivoted about its central axis 144 by means of the grip area 142, namely counterclockwise, when looking at the end face of the shaft area 140 where the grip area 142 goes off.
  • the grip area 142 namely counterclockwise
  • Fig. 35 one sees the state when the grip area 142 has been pivoted completely through 90 °.
  • the second flange 150 (as well as the first flange 148) have carried out a rotational movement about the central axis 144 of 90 °.
  • the larger dimension e of the second flange 150 now extends at right angles to the larger dimension of the opening 30 adjacent there in an edge wall 12 or 14 of a formwork panel 2.
  • the pair of edge walls 12 or 14 under consideration is between the first flange 148 and the second Flange 150 clamped together.
  • the adjacent formwork panels 2 are coupled to one another on this pair of edge walls 12 and 14.
  • one or more coupling elements 110 can be used along the pair of edge walls 12 or 14 under consideration.
  • the longer, straight region 146 of the grip region 142 lies parallel to the relevant rear side of the formwork panel 24 and, moreover, is located with a part of its length in a suitable recess 160, which is in the partitions 16 and 18 is provided in the rear area near the edge walls 12 and 14, respectively.
  • the smallest thickness or the smallest diameter mentioned above of the only substantially circular cylindrical region 141 of the shaft region 140 of the coupling element 110 runs in a direction that is parallel to the orientation of the width c of the second flange 150, and is a bit smaller than the measured at right angles to the formwork facing front 10 - shorter dimension of the respective opening 30 or the relevant two openings 30.
  • the second flange 150 and the area 141 of the shaft area 140 can be easily inserted into the pair of the openings 30 involved, even if the two formwork panels 2 involved are slightly offset from one another in a direction perpendicular to the formwork skin front sides 10 .
  • the greatest thickness or the largest diameter of the region 141 gradually comes into contact with those central regions of the opening peripheral walls 32 of the two openings 30 involved, where the distance between opposite opening peripheral wall regions is smaller than in the opening longitudinal direction is.
  • the pivoting movement of the coupling element 110 pulls the two formwork panels 2 involved into the front-aligned position because the greatest thickness or the largest diameter of the area 141 of the shaft area 140 is as small as the respective size of the openings 30 of the two formwork panels involved, with only slight play 2, measured in the central opening area and at right angles to the front of the formlining 10.
  • the two edge walls 12 and 14 of the two formwork panels 2 involved also have a certain offset in the longitudinal direction of the Edge walls 12 and 14 can clamp together. After completion of the insertion process described, the two peripheral walls 12 and 14 involved can be moved a little in the longitudinal direction of the peripheral walls 12, 14 relative to one another and only then can the relevant coupling element 110 be pivoted into the clamping position.
  • the openings 30 in the edge walls 12 and 14 are also suitable for coupling formwork accessories there, depending on the shape of the area to be coupled of the relevant formwork accessories with coupling elements, as in 33 to 35 drawn and described with reference to these figures, can work, or with modified coupling elements, which are each brought into engagement with one of the openings 30 or with an aligned pair of openings 30.
  • coupling elements with a different flange spacing a can be used.
  • Straightening supports or formwork brackets may be mentioned as particularly common, in practice, exemplary cases of formwork accessories to be coupled. But you can also form other connection options at other points of the support structure 4 for formwork accessories.
  • coupling element 110 with its first flange 148 and its second flange 152 is a particularly favorable embodiment of a coupling element 110 used in the invention, but that coupling elements of other designs, also with a clamping mechanism deviating from the wedge surface 156, are useful in the invention.
  • Coupling elements which cooperate with the openings 30 described in the edge walls 12 and 14 of the relevant panel 2 and its surroundings are advantageous, however, because the local stability or strength of the panel 2 in question can be provided there in an unproblematic manner.
  • the formwork panel 2 shown is composed of two components, namely a supporting structure 4 and a formwork skin 6, which is formed here by a single formwork skin element 8. Both the support structure 4 and the formlining element 8 consist entirely of plastic.
  • Each of the two longitudinal edges of the support structure 4 has the shape of a double-walled wall 12, and each of the two transverse edges of the support structure 4 has the shape of a double-walled wall 14. Between the transverse edge walls 14 and parallel to them there is a transverse Intermediate wall 18, which is double-walled, here the distance between the partial walls is greater than that of the edge walls 12 and 14. Between the described walls 12, 14, 18 and each bordered by them, there are two square, top view Large openings 20 are formed, which go from the front 22 to the rear 24 of the support structure 4. Instead of only a single transverse partition 18, as shown, a plurality of transverse partition walls 18 could also be present.
  • Fig. 37 it can be seen that the double walls 12, 14, 18 on the rear side 24 of the support structure 4 are closed by material regions 26 running parallel to the formwork skin front side 10, but are open on the front side 22 of the support structure 4, ie with a distance between the partial walls , are.
  • This shape is called the U-shaped cross section of the double wall.
  • the modified embodiment according to Fig. 38 differs from the embodiment according to Fig. 37 only because the double walls 12, 14, 18 in their end region adjacent to the front side 22 of the support structure 4 each have a wall-widening flange 28 projecting towards the relevant opening 20, as is also the case with the first embodiment Fig. 8 and according to the sixth embodiment Fig. 29 has already been described and drawn.
  • This shape is called the hat-like cross-section of the double wall.
  • the rear closure of the spacing space between the part walls of the transverse partition 18 through the material area 26 there is essentially continuous and possibly only interrupted by channels 34 and 42 with a comparatively small cross section which run from the front 22 to the rear 24 of the support structure 4, as already described and drawn in the previous embodiments.
  • the closure of the spacing space between the partial walls is interrupted to a greater extent by the material areas 26 there and, so to speak, divided into sections, as described and drawn in more detail in the previous embodiments.
  • the formwork panel 2 shown is composed of two components, namely a supporting structure 4 and a formwork skin 6, which is formed here by a single formwork skin element 8. Both the support structure 4 and the formlining element 8 consist entirely of plastic.
  • Each of the two longitudinal edges of the support structure 4 has the shape of a wall 12, and each of the two transverse edges of the support structure 4 has the shape of a wall 14.
  • a longitudinal edge extends from the one transverse edge wall 14 to the other edge transverse wall 14 approximately in the center.
  • Each of the two openings 20 extends from the front 22 to the rear 24 of the support structure 4. Where there is no opening 20, the back of the support structure 4 is closed by a plate-like material area 202, with the exception of any channels 34 and 42.
  • the boundaries of the walls 12, 14, 16 are partly drawn in broken lines because they lie behind the plate-like material area 202. There may be further partition walls, if desired also running differently; the number of openings can be less than or greater than two.
  • the walls 12, 14, 16 are not designed as double walls, but could alternatively be designed as double walls.
  • the respective support structure 4 and the respective formwork skin element 8 are each an integral injection-molded component made of plastic or an integral die-cast component made of plastic, ie support structure 4 and formwork skin element 8 each have a shape, which allows the production by plastic injection molding or by plastic die casting.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
  • Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
  • Foundations (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Tubular Articles Or Embedded Moulded Articles (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)

Claims (18)

  1. Panneau de coffrage (2) destiné à des coffrages de bétonnage, qui présente une structure de support (4) constituée à titre essentiel d'une matière synthétique et une enveloppe de coffrage séparée (6), reliée de manière amovible à la structure de support (4), qui est réalisée à partir d'un élément unique (8) faisant office d'enveloppe de coffrage, constitué à titre essentiel d'une matière synthétique, ou à partir de plusieurs éléments (8) faisant office d'enveloppe de coffrage, respectivement constitués à titre essentiel d'une matière synthétique ;
    caractérisé
    (a) en ce qu'au moins un élément (8) faisant office d'enveloppe de coffrage, de l'enveloppe de coffrage (6), présente des extensions surmoulées (40, 84) qui remplissent une fonction lors de la transmission de n'importe quelle force de traction entre la structure de support (4) et l'élément (8) correspondant faisant office d'enveloppe de coffrage ; et
    (b1) en ce que l'enveloppe de coffrage (6) est reliée à la structure de support (4) au moyen de vis (70) qui sont vissées à partir du côté arrière de la structure de support (4) dans au moins un nombre partiel des extensions (40) ; ou
    (b2) en ce que l'enveloppe de coffrage (6) est reliée à la structure de support (4) au moyen de liaisons sous la forme de pinces qui sont réalisées avec les extensions (40) et dans lesquelles des zones (80) embouties vers l'extérieur viennent s'insérer dans des zones antagonistes (82) embouties vers l'intérieur ; ou
    (b3) en ce que la structure de support (4) est réalisée à titre essentiel sous la forme d'une grille comprenant des parois marginales (12) en direction longitudinale, des parois marginales (14) en direction transversale, des parois intermédiaires (16) en direction longitudinale, des parois intermédiaires (18) en direction transversale et comprenant, entre les parois (12, 14, 16, 18) des ouvertures (20) qui sont ouvertes aussi bien en direction du côté avant (22) de la structure de support (4) qu'en direction du côté arrière (24) de la structure de support (4) ;
    et en ce que l'enveloppe de coffrage (6) est reliée à la structure de support (4) au moyen de liaisons sous la forme de pinces qui sont réalisées avec les extensions (40) ; dans lequel la liaison respective en forme de pince est disposée à un endroit de croisement de deux parois intermédiaires (16 ; 18) ou à un endroit d'insertion d'une paroi intermédiaire (16 ; 18) dans une paroi marginale (12 ; 14) ou à un endroit de transition de deux parois marginales (12 ; 14), et présente des languettes élastiques (48) dont respectivement une zone (50) vient s'insérer par encliquetage derrière un élément antagoniste (44) ; ou
    (b4) en ce que la structure de support (4) est réalisée à titre essentiel sous la forme d'une grille comprenant des ouvertures (20) qui sont ouvertes aussi bien en direction du côté avant (22) de la structure de support (4) qu'en direction du côté arrière (24) de la structure de support (4) ; et en ce que l'enveloppe de coffrage (6) est reliée à la structure de support (4) au moyen de liaisons sous la forme de pinces qui sont réalisées avec les extensions (84); dans lequel la structure de support (4) présentent des ouvertures (20) comprenant des protubérances surmoulées (86) qui font saillie dans la direction du centre de l'ouverture correspondante (20) et qui possèdent un épaulement (88) contre leur côté tourné vers le côté arrière (24) de la structure de support, et les extensions (84) se présentent sous la forme de plaques et manifestent une flexibilité élastique et présentent des saillies (90) qui se détournent du centre de l'ouverture correspondante (20), comprenant des épaulements (94) tournés vers le côté arrière (54) de l'enveloppe de coffrage (6), qui viennent se disposer contre les épaulements (88) des protubérances (86).
  2. Panneau de coffrage (2) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la structure de support (4) représente à titre essentiel un composant en matière synthétique réalisé en une seule pièce par l'intermédiaire d'un moulage par injection ou représente à titre essentiel un composant en matière synthétique réalisé en une seule pièce par l'intermédiaire d'un moulage sous pression.
  3. Panneau de coffrage (2) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'on prévoit au moins un élément (8) faisant office d'enveloppe de coffrage qui représente à titre essentiel un composant en matière synthétique réalisé en une seule pièce par l'intermédiaire d'un moulage par injection ou représente à titre essentiel un composant en matière synthétique réalisé en une seule pièce par l'intermédiaire d'un moulage sous pression.
  4. Panneau de coffrage (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la structure de support (4) présente au moins une double paroi (12 ; 14 ; 16 ; 18) ; dans lequel les deux parois de la double paroi de la double paroi (12 ; 14 ; 16 ; 18) sont reliées l'une à l'autre contre le côté arrière (24) de la structure de support (4) essentiellement en continu par l'intermédiaire d'une zone de matière (26) ou bien sont reliées l'une à l'autre par tronçons par l'intermédiaire de zones de matière.
  5. Panneau de coffrage (2) selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la double paroi (12 ; 14 ; 16 ; 18) possède une section transversale en forme de U ou une section transversale en forme de chapeau.
  6. Panneau de coffrage (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la structure de support (4), dans le cas où le panneau de coffrage est réalisé avec la caractéristique b1 ou b2 selon la revendication 1, est réalisée à titre essentiel sous la forme d'une grille.
  7. Panneau de coffrage (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la structure de support (4) - en l'occurrence, à l'exception d'une forme de réalisation à titre essentiel sous la forme d'une grille - présente plusieurs ouvertures (20) ininterrompues s'étendant à partir du côté avant (22) de la structure de support jusqu'au côté arrière (24) de la structure de support, ouvertures qui possèdent, dans une vue en plan, respectivement une dimension en surface d'au moins 25 cm2.
  8. Panneau de coffrage (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que, dans le cas où le panneau de coffrage est réalisé avec la caractéristique b1 ou b2 ou b3 selon la revendication 1, au moins pour un élément (8) faisant office d'enveloppe de coffrage, on prévoit des endroits correspondant à des dispositifs d'engrènement femelle/mâle (40, 58 ; 40, 34) par complémentarité de forme avec la structure de support (4), auxquels une extension surmoulée (40) mentionnée ci-dessus vient s'engrener avec un logement (58 ; 34) moulé dans la structure de support (4), d'une manière telle que n'importe quelle force de poussée qui s'exerce parallèlement au côté avant (10) de l'enveloppe de coffrage est transférée entre l'élément correspondant (8) faisant office d'enveloppe de coffrage et la structure de support (4).
  9. Panneau de coffrage (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que, dans le cas où le panneau de coffrage est réalisé avec la caractéristique b4 selon la revendication 1, au moins pour un élément (8) faisant office d'enveloppe de coffrage, on prévoit, en plus des liaisons par pinces, des endroits correspondant à des dispositifs d'engrènement femelle/mâle (40, 34) par complémentarité de forme avec la structure de support (4), d'une manière telle que n'importe quelle force de poussée qui s'exerce parallèlement au côté avant (10) de l'enveloppe de coffrage est transférée entre l'élément correspondant (8) faisant office d'enveloppe de coffrage et la structure de support (4).
  10. Panneau de coffrage (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que la matière synthétique de la structure de support (4) possède une résistance supérieure à celle de la matière synthétique de l'élément individuel (8) faisant office d'enveloppe de coffrage ou à celle de la matière synthétique, respectivement des matières synthétiques desdits plusieurs éléments (8) faisant office d'enveloppe de coffrage ; dans lequel, de préférence, la matière synthétique de la structure de support (4) est renforcée avec des fibres et la matière synthétique de l'élément individuel (8) faisant office d'enveloppe de coffrage ou la matière synthétique, respectivement les matières synthétiques desdits plusieurs éléments (8) faisant office d'enveloppe de coffrage est, respectivement sont renforcée(s) avec des particules.
  11. Panneau de coffrage (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que la matière synthétique d'au moins un élément (8) faisant office d'enveloppe de coffrage est sélectionnée d'une manière telle que l'élément (8) faisant office d'enveloppe de coffrage peut être cloué.
  12. Panneau de coffrage (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 11, caractérisé en ce que la structure de support (4) est réalisée, à ses deux côtés longitudinaux et/ou à ses deux côtés transversaux, respectivement sous la forme d'une double paroi (12 ; 14), deux parois partielles de cette dernière étant reliées l'une à l'autre sur le côté dorsal (24) de la structure de support (4) à titre essentiel de manière continue par l'intermédiaire d'une zone de matière (26) ou étant reliées l'une à l'autre par tronçons par l'intermédiaire de zones de matière, avec une série d'ouvertures de parois (30) qui traversent la double paroi (12 ; 14) ; dans lequel les ouvertures de parois mentionnées (30) sont respectivement de forme ovale, en une configuration oblongue comprenant une direction longitudinale qui se situe dans la direction longitudinale de la double paroi correspondante (12 ; 14), et sont respectivement entourées par une paroi périphérique d'ouverture (32).
  13. Coffrage de mur destiné à un bétonnage (100) caractérisé en ce qu'il présente plusieurs panneaux de coffrage accouplés (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12.
  14. Coffrage de mur destiné à un bétonnage (100) selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce qu'il présente plusieurs panneaux de coffrage accouplés (2) selon la revendication 12 ; en ce que, pour l'accouplement de deux panneaux de coffrage voisins (2), on utilise au moins un élément d'accouplement (110) qui possède une configuration analogue à celle d'une poignée de porte comprenant une zone en forme de broche (140) surmoulée en une seule pièce, sur laquelle on prévoit deux brides (148, 150) ; et en ce que l'élément d'accouplement (110) coopère avec les ouvertures de parois mentionnées (30) des panneaux de coffrage (2) et est réalisé d'une manière telle que, par l'intermédiaire d'un mouvement de pivotement autour de l'axe central (144) de sa zone (140) en forme de broche, il vient se mettre en engrènement par accouplement ou bien il quitte son engrènement par accouplement.
  15. Coffrage de mur destiné à un bétonnage (100) selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que la zone (140) en forme de broche, de l'élément d'accouplement (110), ne possède une configuration cylindrique circulaire que de manière essentielle dans la zone de bride intermédiaire (141) entre la première bride (148) et la seconde bride (150) et possède une section transversale légèrement oblongue, que l'on peut réaliser sous la forme d'un ovale ou sous la forme d'une ellipse ou encore sous la forme de deux demi-cercles comprenant deux tronçons rectilignes entre les deux ; et en ce que les deux panneaux de coffrage concernés (2) sont amenés par traction, par l'intermédiaire du mouvement de pivotement de l'élément d'accouplement (110), dans une position à fleur avec le côté avant, étant donné que l'épaisseur la plus élevée respectivement le plus grand diamètre de la zone de flanc intermédiaire (141) possèdent la même dimension, avec seulement un jeu minime, que la dimension respective des ouvertures de parois (30) des deux panneaux de coffrage concernés (2), telle qu'on la mesure dans la zone médiane d'ouverture de paroi et en formant un angle droit par rapport au côté avant (10) de l'enveloppe de coffrage.
  16. Coffrage de sol destiné à un bétonnage (120) caractérisé en ce qu'il présente plusieurs panneaux de coffrage (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12.
  17. Procédé pour la fabrication d'un panneau de coffrage (2) destiné à des coffrages de bétonnage (100; 120) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que la structure de support (4) est obtenue par l'intermédiaire d'un moulage par injection ou par l'intermédiaire d'un moulage sous pression à partir d'une matière synthétique ; en ce qu'on soumet à un moulage par injection ou à un moulage sous pression un élément (8) faisant office d'enveloppe de coffrage ou bien plusieurs éléments (8) faisant office d'enveloppe de coffrage à partir d'une matière synthétique ; et en ce que
    (a) dans le cas où l'enveloppe de coffrage (6) est réalisée à partir d'un élément unique (8) faisant office d'enveloppe de coffrage, cet élément (8) faisant office d'enveloppe de coffrage est fixé de manière amovible à la structure de support (4) ; ou
    (b) dans le cas où l'enveloppe de coffrage (6) est réalisée à partir de plusieurs éléments (8) faisant office d'enveloppe de coffrage, lesdits plusieurs éléments (8) faisant office d'enveloppe de coffrage sont fixés de manière amovible à la structure de support (4).
  18. Procédé selon la revendication 17, caractérisé en ce que, à partir du côté arrière (24) de la structure de support (4), on introduit des vis (70) dans au moins un nombre partiel des extensions (40).
EP16205468.8A 2013-07-10 2014-07-09 Plateau de coffrage pour coffrages de béton Active EP3176348B1 (fr)

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DE102013107303.4A DE102013107303A1 (de) 2013-07-10 2013-07-10 Schaltafel für Betonierungsschalungen
PCT/EP2014/064721 WO2015004188A1 (fr) 2013-07-10 2014-07-09 Panneau de coffrage destiné à des coffrages pour bétonnage
EP14739761.6A EP3019678B1 (fr) 2013-07-10 2014-07-09 Panneau de coffrage destiné à des coffrages pour bétonnage

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EP16205468.8A Active EP3176348B1 (fr) 2013-07-10 2014-07-09 Plateau de coffrage pour coffrages de béton
EP17210266.7A Active EP3327219B1 (fr) 2013-07-10 2014-07-09 Plateau de coffrage pour coffrages de béton
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CN113700291B (zh) 2024-01-05
EP3019678A1 (fr) 2016-05-18
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CL2016000012A1 (es) 2016-09-30
EP3173546B1 (fr) 2019-03-13
IL272984B (en) 2021-08-31
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US20200063450A1 (en) 2020-02-27
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AU2014289215A1 (en) 2016-02-04
HUE051324T2 (hu) 2021-03-01
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EA034756B1 (ru) 2020-03-17
BR112016000321A2 (fr) 2017-07-25
IL272984A (en) 2020-04-30
EP3019678B1 (fr) 2018-04-25
EP3176348A1 (fr) 2017-06-07
SA516370381B1 (ar) 2022-09-20
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KR20160041897A (ko) 2016-04-18
US20160244984A1 (en) 2016-08-25
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EP3173546A1 (fr) 2017-05-31
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AR115911A2 (es) 2021-03-10
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JP2016532026A (ja) 2016-10-13
EA201690190A1 (ru) 2016-05-31
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ZA201600044B (en) 2022-03-30
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CN105452580B (zh) 2021-12-03
PL3173546T3 (pl) 2019-11-29
EP3176347A1 (fr) 2017-06-07
JP6956151B2 (ja) 2021-10-27
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HRP20181040T1 (hr) 2018-09-07
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US10890001B2 (en) 2021-01-12
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CN113700291A (zh) 2021-11-26
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US10465397B2 (en) 2019-11-05

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