EP3176347B1 - Plateau de coffrage pour coffrages de béton - Google Patents

Plateau de coffrage pour coffrages de béton Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3176347B1
EP3176347B1 EP16205457.1A EP16205457A EP3176347B1 EP 3176347 B1 EP3176347 B1 EP 3176347B1 EP 16205457 A EP16205457 A EP 16205457A EP 3176347 B1 EP3176347 B1 EP 3176347B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
formwork
supporting structure
formwork skin
walls
panel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16205457.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3176347A1 (fr
Inventor
Kai Hollmann
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Polytech GmbH
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Polytech GmbH
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Publication date
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
    • E04G11/06—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for walls, e.g. curved end panels for wall shutterings; filler elements for wall shutterings; shutterings for vertical ducts
    • E04G11/08—Forms, which are completely dismantled after setting of the concrete and re-built for next pouring
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
    • E04G11/36—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for floors, ceilings, or roofs of plane or curved surfaces end formpanels for floor shutterings
    • E04G11/38—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for floors, ceilings, or roofs of plane or curved surfaces end formpanels for floor shutterings for plane ceilings of concrete
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
    • E04G17/001—Corner fastening or connecting means for forming or stiffening elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
    • E04G17/02—Connecting or fastening means for non-metallic forming or stiffening elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/02—Conveying or working-up concrete or similar masses able to be heaped or cast
    • E04G21/04—Devices for both conveying and distributing
    • E04G21/0418—Devices for both conveying and distributing with distribution hose
    • E04G21/0445—Devices for both conveying and distributing with distribution hose with booms
    • E04G21/0463—Devices for both conveying and distributing with distribution hose with booms with boom control mechanisms, e.g. to automate concrete distribution
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G9/00—Forming or shuttering elements for general use
    • E04G9/02—Forming boards or similar elements
    • E04G9/05—Forming boards or similar elements the form surface being of plastics
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
    • E04G11/36—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for floors, ceilings, or roofs of plane or curved surfaces end formpanels for floor shutterings
    • E04G11/48—Supporting structures for shutterings or frames for floors or roofs
    • E04G11/50—Girders, beams, or the like as supporting members for forms
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G9/00—Forming or shuttering elements for general use
    • E04G9/02—Forming boards or similar elements
    • E04G2009/028—Forming boards or similar elements with reinforcing ribs on the underside

Definitions

  • the support structure can be a uniform molded plastic part.
  • the single or the respective formlining element can be a uniform plastic molded part.
  • Formwork panels for concreting formwork are known in many designs. It makes sense to differentiate between the categories “monolithic formwork panels” and “composite formwork panels”. Monolithic formwork panels are uniform structures made of the same material throughout. So you know e.g. monolithic formwork panels made of aluminum, monolithic formwork formwork panels, and monolithic formwork panels made of a welded steel structure.
  • Composite formwork panels usually consist of a support grate (frame) and a formwork skin that is attached to the support grate on one side of the support grate.
  • the support grid is the load-bearing component of the formwork panel, support grates made of wooden beams, steel beams or aluminum beams being known.
  • the formlining is generally shorter-lived than the carrier grating and is replaced after a certain number of times the formwork panel has been used, in particular due to wear, damage or fatigue. It is common to fasten the formlining to the support grate using screws or rivets.
  • the formwork skin usually consists of multilayer plywood; but one also knows formwork skins that are designed as a composite construction of plywood layers / plastic layer or aluminum layer / plastic layers or glass fiber mats / plastic layers.
  • a formwork panel for concreting formwork with the features that appear before the words "characterized” in the first paragraph of the description and in the second paragraph of the description is in the case of a formwork skin made from a single formwork element from the JP H07 171886 A known.
  • the known formwork panel has a double-shell support structure made of plastic and a double-shell formwork skin made of plastic.
  • the formwork facing has the front structure Shell the shape of a flat plate.
  • cup-shaped, essentially square deformations were produced during production, starting from a flat plate, the cup bases being welded to the front shell.
  • the support structure is a continuous structure, and because of the described production from two shells, the spaces that are located between the two walls of the double-wall-like material areas are closed on the front by the front shell.
  • a formwork panel for concrete formwork is known, which is composed of a supporting structure made of plastic and a formwork skin made of plastic.
  • the supporting structure has a large number of square recesses on the formwork facing side, which are filled with heat-insulating foam material and are closed off at the back by a continuous plate.
  • a formwork panel for concrete formwork which is composed of a supporting structure and a formwork skin.
  • the supporting structure has edge walls and partitions, these walls having hollow spaces which extend along the wall and are closed all around, in which metal reinforcements are provided.
  • the supporting structure is made of plastic.
  • This formwork panel is a one-piece product in which a plate-shaped area forming the shape of the concrete on the front side has edge ribs and intermediate ribs on its rear side. These ribs are designed as double walls, which are integral with the plate-shaped region and at the rear rib end have no connections that seal the space between the two walls to the outside.
  • both the support structure consists essentially of plastic and the only formwork skin element or the multiple formwork skin elements each essentially made of plastic.
  • the supporting structure can consist entirely of plastic.
  • the single formwork skin element or the multiple formwork skin elements can consist entirely of plastic.
  • plastic which is reinforced by means of "short fibers" and / or mineral particles, for example calcium carbonate, talc, or other known particles.
  • mineral particles for example calcium carbonate, talc, or other known particles.
  • Other reinforcing agents can also be used for both the supporting structure and the formlining.
  • releasable used in the first paragraph of the description (one could alternatively also define it as “removable”) means that a type of connection is used which makes it possible to remove the single formwork skin element or the multiple formwork skin elements from the supporting structure. Removal should preferably be possible with little effort.
  • the support structure freed from the formwork skin should be able to continue to be used by attaching a new single formwork skin element or several new formwork skin elements to it.
  • the single formwork skin element removed from the support structure or the multiple formwork skin elements each removed from the support structure can be easily recycled, since they are at least essentially of the same material.
  • the formwork panel according to the invention can be designed in such a way that the front of the formwork skin, ie the formwork skin surface that comes into contact with the pulpy concrete when the formwork panel is used, is free from the presence of formwork panel components that have to do with the connection of the formwork skin with the supporting structure. If such formwork components at the front of the Formwork skin would be present, they would appear in the finished concrete, which one would like to avoid with the formwork panel according to the invention.
  • the formwork skin is advantageously connected to the supporting structure only on the rear side of the formwork skin. If you e.g. B. uses screws to connect the formlining to the support structure, it is good to make the training so that the screws are screwed in from the back of the panel.
  • the formlining of a formwork panel is subject to aging. There is wear when pouring or pouring concrete slurry and when stripping the solidified concrete; there is a certain fatigue of the material due to the changing load (load due to the concrete pressure / relief when stripping); and when transporting to the construction site, during transport on the construction site, when handling, etc., experience has shown that damage occurs again and again. Therefore, the formlining must be replaced after a certain number of uses of the formwork panel, and due to the construction of the formwork panel according to the invention, this is particularly easy.
  • a plastic injection molding or a plastic pressure molding ("compression molding”; introduction of plastic granules or also of plate-like preliminary products or of so-called preforms into a divided mold, heating the mold) for melting the plastic or for thermally curing the plastic, cooling the mold to allow thermoplastic material to solidify).
  • the supporting structure is a component with a comparatively complicated shape. It is particularly favorable to design the support structure as an essentially or entirely integral injection molded component made of plastic.
  • the exemplary embodiments described below will make it even clearer that it is possible, particularly in the case of an injection molded component, to achieve a shape of the support structure which is favorable for the load absorption, the durability and for the appearance of the support structure. It is expressly pointed out that it can be determined on the finished component if it is an injection molded component, in particular on the relatively small wall thicknesses, the relatively small radii, the finely modeled shape, the sprues etc.
  • the support structure can be an injection molded component whose shape can be concluded that it was actually injection molded.
  • the supporting structure is - essentially or entirely - an integral die-cast component made of plastic.
  • the supporting structure can be a die-cast component, in which one can conclude from the shape that it was produced by plastic die-casting.
  • At least one formwork skin element is present which - essentially or entirely - is an integral injection molded component made of plastic.
  • This formlining element can be a component whose shape can be used to conclude that it was produced by injection molding.
  • the formwork skin element or the formwork skin elements are components which generally have a less complicated shape than the supporting structure.
  • At least one formwork skin element is present which - essentially or entirely - is an integral die-cast component made of plastic.
  • This formlining element can be a component in which it can be concluded from the shape that it was produced by die-casting plastic.
  • the formwork skin element in question is essentially plate-like with molded projections for specific purposes, as will be explained in more detail below, but can have its own stiffening ribs to reduce local formwork skin deflection.
  • the formwork panel mentioned in the first paragraph of the description has a support structure which is essentially designed as a grating.
  • a grating design creates optimal conditions for supporting the formwork skin at comparatively small "support intervals" through the supporting structure, so that the Formwork skin can be dimensioned comparatively thin with sufficient load-bearing capacity. It is favorable if the support spacings are smaller than 25 cm, better smaller than 20 cm, and even better smaller than 15 cm everywhere.
  • the walls that is to say four edge walls and a considerable number of partitions, are at least partially (advantageously all) designed as double walls.
  • the double walls can be provided for at least part of the double walls (favorably for all double walls) of the partition walls that their two (partial) walls on the back (that is the side farther from the formlining) of the support structure are each connected by material areas, so that - seen in cross-section of the double wall in question - results in a U-shaped shape or a hat-shaped shape to be described in more detail below, as a result of which a particularly favorable carrying behavior of the supporting structure can be achieved.
  • these double walls can be open, so that there is good manufacturability.
  • connection of the two partial walls can be carried out in such a way that, apart from the channels perpendicular to the front of the panel, which may be described further below, the spacing spaces between the two partial walls on the rear of the panel are completely closed off to the outside by the material areas.
  • double edge walls it is possible - for reasons which will become clearer below - to connect the two partial walls in each case by means of a series of spaced "connecting bridges" both on the front side and on the rear side of the supporting structure.
  • the supporting structure is not essentially designed as a grating, that is to say essentially as a grating by means of an explicitly disclosed here Disclaimers is excluded.
  • the formwork skin ie the single formwork skin element or the multiple formwork skin elements in each case
  • the supporting structure in the invention is: by means of screws and / or rivets and / or clip connections and / or melted widenings on molded connecting pins and / or releasable adhesive connection (s).
  • clips connections includes connections with resilient tongues, of which areas snap behind counter elements, in technical jargon also snap-fit mentioned, as well as connections with turned out areas (cheap: only slightly turned out), which are pressed in in turned in opposite areas (cheap: only slightly turned in); see also the exemplary embodiments.
  • the average person skilled in the art knows how to connect two plastic parts to one another using a detachable adhesive connection. To loosen the adhesive connection, there is, for example, the possibility of working with selective solvents.
  • At least one formwork skin element has at least one or more molded projections, which have a function in the transmission of any tensile forces between the supporting structure and the relevant formwork skin element (and of course vice versa).
  • tensile forces are understood to be those forces which act at right angles to the front of the formlining.
  • the tensile forces occur in particular when the formwork panel is pulled away from the solidified concrete of a manufactured concrete product.
  • the tensile forces mentioned can also be force components of forces that have a different direction overall.
  • the extension (or the extensions) can in particular be an extension for screwing in a screw.
  • the extension (or the extensions) can, in particular, be an extension for a "turned-out area already mentioned above sitting in the turned-in area" connection.
  • the female / male engagement can in each case be formed by one or more extension molded onto this formlining element, which is engaged with a receptacle formed in the supporting structure. It is good if the extension in question sits essentially laterally without play in the receptacle in question.
  • a favorable possibility of realizing the form-fitting female / male intervention is that the end region facing the formwork facing at least one wall, better several walls or all walls, which the supporting structure has, to be provided continuously or in sections with a sequence of extensions and receptacles, for example in the manner of a toothing on one Rack.
  • at least partial sequences of projections and receptacles are provided on the back of the formlining, for example according to the type of toothing on a rack.
  • extensions of the relevant wall of the support structure engage in receptacles of the formwork skin
  • extensions of the formwork skin engage in receptacles of the relevant wall of the support structure in the manner of a mutually complementary intervention.
  • shear strength of the engagement between the support structure and the formlining is not limited to only one direction (from the many possible directions parallel to the formwork facing).
  • the walls can be double walls, in particular as described above, but can also be differently shaped walls, in particular as described above.
  • the addressed interlocking engagement or interlocking interventions ensures a direct transmission of thrust between the support structure and the relevant formlining element and vice versa.
  • the form-fit engagement or the form-fit interventions unite the formwork skin element in question and the supporting structure in such a way that they are, at least largely, a jointly supporting structure. In this way, material can be saved in the supporting structure.
  • the plastic of the supporting structure has a higher strength than the plastic of the single formwork skin element or the plastic or the plastics of the multiple formwork skin elements.
  • the supporting structure can be designed such that it provides the main part of the total strength of the formwork panel in the formwork panel, whereas the formwork skin provides only a smaller part of the overall strength. In this case, you can afford to have the at least one formlining element made of a plastic of lower strength.
  • a fiber-reinforced plastic is advantageously provided, with glass fibers or carbon fibers being a particularly favorable option, and not only short fibers (less than / equal to 1 mm in length) but also longer fibers, for. B.
  • the formwork skin element mentioned it is expedient either to provide a fiber reinforcement with comparatively short fibers or to reinforce it with particles, in particular mineral particles such as calcium carbonate particles and talc particles.
  • the focus of the formwork skin element mentioned is not maximum strength, but good surface quality for good concrete surfaces, good recyclability and a favorable price.
  • the plastic of at least one formwork skin element is selected such that the formwork skin element can be nailed.
  • formwork panels one has quite often the situation that one z.
  • block-like parts or beam-like parts which then mold recesses or openings, which are also called recesses, in the concrete
  • formwork angle to form an end edge of the concrete product, which is also called formwork or end formwork
  • the nailability mentioned at the beginning of the paragraph can be defined in such a way that a nail with a diameter of 3 mm can be driven in without any visible cracks forming around the point of impact.
  • the nail can be pulled out again later, and the nail hole essentially closes again with concrete slurry at the next concreting job and usually remains closed.
  • Plastics that have a lower strength than the plastic of the support structure, as described above, can be designed more easily in a nailable design. Glass fibers generally make nailing considerably more difficult.
  • the support structure on its two longitudinal sides and / or its two transverse sides is in each case wall-like, in particular in each case double-walled, with a series of wall openings, in particular wall-crossing openings. These openings can be used to reach in when handling the formwork panel and to connect adjacent formwork panels.
  • Said wall openings and their surroundings can be designed in such a way that mechanical coupling elements for coupling adjacent formwork panels can be connected inexpensively at these points and / or formwork accessories, such as props or formwork brackets, can be connected.
  • formwork accessories such as props or formwork brackets
  • the formwork panel has a surface area of at least 0.8 m 2 , preferably of at least 1.0 m 2 .
  • the construction according to the invention makes it possible to provide formwork panels of this size with a concrete pressure absorption capacity of up to 40 kN / m 2 , or even up to 50 kN / m 2 , or even up to 60 kN / m 2 , without being too large Panel deflections or excessive use of material and thus excessive weight.
  • thermoplastic plastics for the supporting structure and / or the formlining elements
  • thermosetting plastics for the supporting structure and / or the formlining elements
  • the phrase "at least one formlining element” has been used in several places.
  • the formwork is formed from several formwork elements
  • at least one of these several formwork elements is designed as indicated.
  • the case in which the formwork skin is formed from a single formwork skin element is the cheapest.
  • Another object of the invention is a concreting wall formwork which has a plurality of coupled formwork panels according to the invention.
  • Coupled means "adjoining one another horizontally at the coupling point concerned" and / or means “adjoining one another in the vertical direction at the coupling point concerned”.
  • Coupling elements can be used for the coupling, which interact with the wall openings of the formwork panels mentioned above.
  • the coupling elements can each have a shape that is similar to a door handle with an integrally molded shaft area. Two flanges can be provided on the shaft area.
  • the coupling elements can be designed such that they are brought into coupling engagement or out of coupling engagement by pivoting movement about the central axis of the shaft region.
  • the coupling elements can have one or more more specific features, which are based on the 33 to 35 to be discribed.
  • a coupling element or several coupling elements can be used along the zone in which two adjacent formwork panels are in contact with one another.
  • posts can be provided at corners of the wall to be produced, with which formwork panels are coupled “over a corner”. This applies both inside and outside on the wall corner or column corner to be produced.
  • the post in question can in particular have a rectangular (longer than wide) or square horizontal cross section.
  • Another object of the invention is a concreting slab formwork, in which several formwork panels according to the invention for forming a larger slab formwork area in spatial proximity are supported on a support structure (which can also be a conventionally designed support structure).
  • the support structure can be designed such that the relevant formwork panels are each supported on at least one slab formwork support and / or at least one formwork panel support, which formwork support in turn supported on slab formwork supports and / or main slab formwork girders, which main slab formwork girders in turn are supported on slab formwork supports.
  • the single formwork skin element on its rear side or the multiple formwork skin elements each have or have a plurality of integrally formed extensions on its rear side, screws being screwed into at least a partial number of the extensions from the rear side of the supporting structure.
  • the screws can be self-tapping screws.
  • the in the 1 to 8 The formwork panel 2 shown is assembled from two components, namely a supporting structure 4 and a formwork skin 6, which is formed here by a single formwork skin element 8. Both the support structure 4 and the formlining element 8 consist entirely of plastic here.
  • the formwork has the shape or geometry of a cuboid, which - measured at right angles to the plane of the Fig. 1 visible formwork skin front side 10, which is at the same time formwork panel front side 10 - has a significantly smaller dimension or thickness d than its length dimension I and its width dimension b.
  • z. B the length I 135 cm, the width b 90 cm, and the thickness d 10 cm.
  • the supporting structure 4 has the shape of a grating.
  • Each of the two longitudinal edges has the shape of a double-walled wall 12, and each of the two transverse edges has the shape of a double-walled wall 14.
  • the clear spaces between the longitudinal partition walls 16 and between the relevant "last" longitudinal partition wall 16 and the relevant longitudinal edge wall 12 are all identical to one another.
  • the clear distances between the transverse partition walls 18 and between the relevant "last" transverse partition wall 18 and the relevant transverse edge wall 14 are all the same to one another and moreover the same as the previously described distance between the various longitudinal walls 12, 16. Between the various walls 12, 14, 16, 18 is thus a matrix-like or checkerboard-like arrangement of - in plan view of the front ( Fig. 3 ) or on the back ( Fig. 4 ) - In each case essentially square openings 20 are formed which are open both to the front 22 of the support structure 4 and to the rear 24 of the support structure 4, but in somewhat different sizes, as will be described in more detail below.
  • each clear opening 20 is approximately 10 ⁇ 10 cm in size.
  • the flanges 28 bring additional plastic material near the front 22;
  • the contact surface for the formwork skin 6 is increased and the clear distances between the supports for the formwork skin element 8 are reduced.
  • the clear cross-section at the openings 20 is therefore smaller on the front side 22 than on the rear side 24, where it is approximately 12 ⁇ 12 cm.
  • the longitudinal edge walls 12 and the transverse edge walls 14 each have an oval, elongated hole-shaped wall opening 30 crossing the relevant edge wall 12 and 14 at those points where there is an opening 20 on the inside of the longitudinal wall 12 and 14.
  • the openings 30 each cross through the edge wall 12 or 14 entirely (ie go through both partial walls of the double wall structure) and are surrounded by an opening peripheral wall 32.
  • the outer surface ie facing away from the center of the support structure 4) is set back a little in relation to the outer contour of the support structure 4.
  • the outer contour on the rear side 24 is a slightly larger rectangle than the rectangle line along the mentioned outer surfaces of the edge walls 12 and 14.
  • the formwork skin element 8 has the shape of a plate with extensions 40 on the rear.
  • circular openings 42 which are located in the vicinity of the longitudinal edges of the formwork skin element 8, will be discussed in more detail below.
  • a total of 66 (i.e. 70 minus four openings 42) extensions 40 are present.
  • the extensions 40 are each present at a crossing point between partition walls 16 and 18 or at a T point between an edge wall 12 or 14 and a partition wall 16 or 18, except for those points where the four openings 42 are present.
  • the extensions 40 are thus arranged in the pattern of a matrix or in the checkerboard pattern.
  • each extension 40 When the supporting structure 4 and the formwork skin element 8 are joined, each extension 40 reaches the front end region of a channel 34 Fig. 7 it can be seen that each channel 34 in question has a reduced round cross section in its end region adjacent to the front side 22 of the support structure 4, so that a shoulder 44 is formed in the direction of the rear side 24 of the support structure 4. You can also see in Fig. 7 and 8th that each extension 40 is divided into four tongues 48 distributed over the circumference of the extension by corresponding slots 46 running in its longitudinal direction.
  • each of the tongues 48 has a shoulder 50 on the outside in the central region of its length, which extends in the form of a part circle over somewhat less than 90 ° and in the assembled state of support structure 4 and formwork element 8 is snapped outward behind the relevant shoulder 44 of the channel 34 or the support structure 4.
  • each of the extensions 40 At its center, ie inside between the four tongues 48, each of the extensions 40 has an axially extending cavity 52, which ends approximately at the level of the plate rear side 54 of the formlining element 8.
  • each of the tongues 48 in its end region facing the rear side 24 of the support structure 4 is chamfered on its outside, see reference numeral 56.
  • the extensions 40 for assembling the support structure 4 and formwork element 8 can each be smaller in the end region Cross section of a channel 34 are introduced. Because of the inclined surfaces 56, the tongues 48 are compressed elastically somewhat towards the central extension axis, and the relevant extension 40 continues to enter the relevant channel 34 until the shoulders 50 of the relevant extension 40 - due to the tongues 48 springing back outwards snap behind the shoulder 44 of the channel 34 in question.
  • each extension 40 with the shoulder 44 of a channel 34 creates a connection or fastening between the support structure 4 and the formwork element 8, which holds the support structure 4 and the formwork element 8 against the action of tensile forces in the longitudinal direction of the channels 34 or - in other words - act at right angles to the front of the formwork panel 10.
  • each extension 40 Since with each extension 40 the tongues 48 on the circumference are in contact with that part of the channel 34 in question where this has a smaller cross section (see reference number 58) and because the tongues 48 have a sufficiently large material cross section there, the female-male Engagement between this area of the relevant extension 40 and the area of smaller cross-section 58 of the channel 34 in question creates a connection, the thrust forces with respect to the interface between the front 22 of the support structure 4 and the rear plate 54 of the formlining element 8 (ie with respect to forces parallel to the front of the formwork panel 10 can act). In this way, the supporting structure 4 and the formwork skin element 8 form a structure that at least largely jointly supports the forces that occur.
  • the formlining element 8 has a circular opening 42 at two locations near one longitudinal edge and at two locations near the other longitudinal edge.
  • Each of the openings 42 is located at a location at which a channel 34 is positioned in the support structure 4.
  • a so-called Push anchoring anchor (which is essentially a rod in the middle area of the anchoring anchor of interest here) through the entire formwork panel 2, ie support structure 4 and formwork skin element 8, and can also push completely through a formwork panel 2 set up parallel and at a distance from it.
  • Such anchors are used in particular for concreting wall formwork, where formwork panels are set up at a distance in order to produce a concrete wall by pouring concrete into the space.
  • the formwork skin element 8 can be fastened to the supporting structure 4. It is only necessary to radially compress the tongues 48 of the extensions in order to then be able to remove the formlining element 8 from the supporting structure 4. An alternative possibility is to carry out a rotary movement of the formlining element 8 relative to the supporting structure 4, which destroys the fastening.
  • the plate-like area 9 of the formwork skin element 8 ie the formwork skin element 8 without the extensions 40, has on all four edges on the back a thicker edge strip 11 in the direction of the formwork skin element thickness d, which there provides the resilience and wear resistance of the formwork skin element 8 and the tightness of the formwork panel 2 to neighboring formwork panels 2 increases.
  • the back is meant within the edge strips 11.
  • the "plate thickness" of the plastic is 5 mm within the edge strips 11.
  • the channels 34 used for the releasable connection or fastening of the support structure 4 and formwork skin element 8 do not have any in the end region adjacent to the front side 22 of the support structure 4 reduced cross-section, but in the end region adjacent to the rear side 24 of the support structure 4 there is a hollow connecting piece 60 which is round in cross-section and has a smaller cross-section on both the inner circumference and the outer circumference than the rest of the channel 34.
  • the extensions 40 now each have a cross section, which can be described as a hollow cylindrical, central connecting piece 62 with four radially extending ribs 64 arranged at a 90 ° angular distance.
  • Each extension 40 protrudes for a length from the plate rear side 54 of the formlining element 8, which corresponds approximately to a third of the thickness of the supporting structure 4.
  • the four ribs 64 have such a dimension that the rib ends extend straight into the four inner corners 66 of the channel 34 in question.
  • each of the integrally formed extensions 40 and thus the entirety of all extensions 40 by interacting with the relevant channels 34 by means of female / male interventions, provides a bond between the support structure 4 and formwork skin element 8, which can transmit thrust forces which act parallel to the formwork face 10.
  • screws 70 which cooperate with the extensions 40 and which, from the rear side 24 of the support structure 4, each pass through the connecting piece 60 of the support structure 4 into the interior of the Hollow socket 62 of the relevant extension 40 are screwed in, see the in Fig. 14 drawn final state.
  • the screws 70 are self-tapping and cut their mating thread in the respective hollow connector 62 when the supporting structure 4 and the formwork element 8 are assembled. By unscrewing the screws 70, the bonded state or mutual attachment state of the supporting structure 4 and the formwork element 8 can be released in a simple manner.
  • the screw connections between the screws 70 and the extensions 40 provide a bond that can transmit tensile forces that act at right angles to the front of the formwork panel 10 in the sense that separates the support structure 4 and formwork skin element 8.
  • the second embodiment tends to be more efficient to produce than the first embodiment and allows somewhat larger dimensional tolerances between the support structure 4 and the formlining element 8. It is emphasized that a screw 70 does not have to be installed in each of the channels 34. For the strength of the connection, it is sufficient if a screw 70 is screwed into only part of the channels 34 becomes.
  • the extensions 40 can be designed to be more resistant to bending than in the first exemplary embodiment.
  • channels 34a and formwork element openings 42 for tension anchors.
  • an extension 40b which, compared to a “normal extension” 40a on the longitudinal edge of the formwork skin element 8, is offset to a certain extent from the longitudinal center line of the formwork skin element 8.
  • extensions 40b there are correspondingly slightly offset channels 34b in the support structure 4.
  • a third embodiment of a formwork panel according to the invention will now be described.
  • the third embodiment is similar to the previously described second embodiment.
  • the following description focuses on the differences from the second embodiment.
  • the channels 34 in the support structure 4 have a round cross-section and neither a cross-sectional reduction in the end region adjacent to the front of the support structure 22 nor a cross-sectional reduction in the end region adjacent to the rear of the support structure 24.
  • a transverse wall 72 is present in the central region of the length of the channel 34 in question a central hole 74 is present.
  • the transverse wall 72 serves as a bearing for the screw head 76 of a screw 70 in question, which is inserted there from the rear of the support structure 24 through the hole 74.
  • the formlining element extensions 40 have the shape of a central hollow connector 62 with z. B. eight circumferentially distributed ribs 64, which are significantly shorter in the radial direction than in the second embodiment.
  • a self-tapping screw 70 is screwed into an extension 40 at the points where this is considered necessary.
  • the fourth embodiment differs from the previous embodiments essentially in the type of connection or mutual attachment of the support structure 4 and formwork skin element 8. The following description focuses on the description of these differences.
  • each of the extensions 40 has on its outer circumference - lying in a first plane - on the outside of it a first, interrupted, row of circumferentially protruding areas 80. In a second plane, which is axially spaced from the first plane, there is a second, interrupted row of protruding areas 80 present on the outer circumference.
  • the number of circumferential rows can alternatively be less than or greater than two.
  • indented areas 82 On the inner circumference of the relevant associated channels 34 of the support structure 4 there are indented areas 82, also in areas interrupted over the circumference in two levels or more levels or even fewer levels.
  • the turned-out areas 80 and the turned-in areas 82 are positioned such that when the support structure 4 and formwork element 8 are joined together with slight elastic deformation of the extensions 40 and / or channel walls, the turned-out areas 80 come into the turned-in counter areas 82 and there until a considerable amount is applied Firmly release or pull out force. A female / male intervention is thus generated between each extension 40 and each associated channel 34.
  • Such slightly turned-out areas 80 and such easily turned-in counter areas 82 can be molded in the shape of the supporting structure 4 and the formwork skin element 8, in particular by plastic injection molding or by plastic die casting, without having to use sliders in the production mold which are transverse Have it shifted to the main extension plane of the support structure 4 or formwork skin element 8. Rather, the manufacturing mold can simply have corresponding depressions at the locations where protruding areas 80 are to be formed.
  • the formwork skin element produced can be ejected from the mold cavity with elastic deformation, particularly when the molding product is still warm.
  • the manufacturing mold has corresponding bulges at the points where the indented areas 82 are to be formed.
  • the projections 40 can be fitted with areas and the channels 34 can be equipped with areas.
  • the extensions 40 take up about a quarter of the length of the channels 34 in the illustrated embodiment.
  • the channels 34 can be closed at their end adjacent to the rear of the support structure 24 (see the left channel 34 in FIG Fig. 23 ) or be open (see right channel 34 in Fig. 23 ).
  • Hollow circular shape and hollow square shape of the extensions 40 are practical, but can also be replaced by other cross-sectional shapes.
  • the case of two different geometries of the extensions 40 is drawn in the drawing. All geometries can also be the same or more than two different geometries can be realized.
  • a fifth embodiment of a formwork panel 2 according to the invention will now be described.
  • the fifth embodiment differs from the previous embodiments essentially only in the type of connection or mutual attachment of support structure 4 and formwork element 8.
  • the following description of the fifth embodiment focuses on the description of the differences from the previous embodiments.
  • the formwork skin element 8 has extensions 40 which, like the extensions in the second embodiment (see in particular Fig. 11 and 13 ) are shaped, but without a central, axially extending cavity. There are also no screws which are screwed into the extensions 40 from the rear of the supporting structure 24.
  • the extensions 40 cooperating with the corresponding channels 34 (female / male engagement in each case), therefore only take on the task of fixing the supporting structure 4 and the formwork element 8 to one another and of transmitting the thrust forces mentioned above.
  • plate-like extensions 84 are formed on the rear of the formwork element 8.
  • two extensions 84 or three extensions 84 are provided per opening 20 in the support structure 4 in the case of the openings 20 adjacent to the edge. You can also work with a different number of molded extensions 84.
  • the openings 20 in the regions close to the front of the supporting structure, where projections 84 “come in” when the supporting structure 4 and formlining element 8 are assembled have molded projections 86 which protrude towards the center of the relevant opening 20.
  • the projections 86 each have a shoulder 88 on their side facing the support structure rear side 24.
  • the extensions 84 each have two projections 90 at their end which is farther from the plate rear side 54 of the formlining element 8 and point away from the center of the relevant opening 20.
  • the projections 90 are each chamfered on their side facing away from the center of the relevant opening 20 (see reference number 92) and have a shoulder 94 on their end facing the plate rear side 54.
  • Fig. 29 illustrates that the support structure 4 and the formwork element 8 can be connected to one another by gluing or fastened to one another instead of using the types of connection described so far.
  • a thin adhesive strip 96 in each case. Adhesive strips 96 do not have to be provided in all places where flanges 28 and plate rear side 54 meet and not in the fullest possible length. The extent to which adhesive strips 96 are provided depends on the total adhesive surface required to ensure the desired connection strength.
  • connection described by gluing is releasable if one selects a suitable, familiar to the expert and available on the market, the z. B. can be solved by a selective solvent.
  • Fig. 30 illustrates two further possible ways of how the releasable connection or the releasable mutual fastening of support structure 4 and formwork skin element 8 can be accomplished according to the invention.
  • the first of the two possibilities is the molding of relatively short, pin-shaped extensions 40 on the rear side 54 of the formwork skin element 8, e.g. B. in each case a pin-shaped extension 40 (or also a plurality of pin-shaped extensions 40) in the region of each crossing point or a part number of the crossing points between partition walls 16 and 18 and in the region of each T-point or a part number of T-points between partition walls 16 and 18 and an edge wall 12 or 14.
  • a hole is provided in the support structure 4, z. B. at a corner transition of two flanges 28, as in Fig. 30 drawn.
  • the pin-shaped extension 40 is initially so long that when the formwork skin element 8 and the support structure 4 are joined together, it protrudes a little from the hole mentioned.
  • the outstanding end can be seen e.g. B. by means of a heated stamp to a wider extension head 98 or remelt, as in Fig. 30 is drawn.
  • z. B. snap off the plastic head 98 thus formed with suitable pliers.
  • An alternative consists in providing a rivet instead of the pin-like extensions 40 made of plastic.
  • the rivet head formed in the generation of the rivet connection sees z. B. as in Fig. 30 drawn with reference numeral 98.
  • the rivet head must be removed, e.g. B. by clipping with suitable pliers.
  • Suitable plastics from which the supporting structure 4 and the formlining 6 can consist, are known to the person skilled in the art and are available on the market.
  • Suitable base plastics here are polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) and polyamide (PA).
  • the support structure 4, which bears a large part of the load on the formwork panel 2, can in particular consist of fiber-reinforced plastic, glass fibers and carbon fibers being mentioned as favorable examples. Comparatively long fibers can be used (length over 1 mm up to a few centimeters).
  • the plastic of the supporting structure 4 has a greater strength than the plastic of the formwork skin element 8, which can be nailed.
  • a length I of 135 cm, a width b of 90 cm, a thickness d of 10 cm, the thickness of the plate-like area of the formlining element 8 being 5 mm have been mentioned as examples.
  • This exemplary dimension specification is also valid for all other embodiments.
  • formwork panels 2 designed according to the teaching of the invention can also have larger or even smaller formats. If you want to make significantly larger formats available, however, the required material consumption increases disproportionately, so that you become uneconomical and can no longer be handled by hand Formwork panels are coming. On the other hand, if you go to significantly smaller formats, the construction and dismantling of concrete formwork becomes more complex; in addition, the number of joints between adjacent formwork panels increases, which joints may be seen molded in the finished concrete product.
  • the outer edges of the plate-like areas 94 of adjacent formwork skins 6 come into desirable close contact so that at most a smaller passage of concrete slurry is possible there.
  • the outer edges of adjacent support structure rear sides 24 also come into close contact.
  • the outer surfaces of the edge walls 12 and 14 are spaced apart as desired so as not to jeopardize the aforementioned, desired, close contacts on the front and rear sides of the panel.
  • the respective support structure 4 and the respective formlining element 8 are in each case an integral injection-molded component made of plastic or in each case an integral die-cast component made of plastic, i. H.
  • Support structure 4 and formwork skin element 8 each have a shape which allows the production by plastic injection molding or by plastic die casting.
  • the openings 20 including the inside of the flanges 28, the rear halves of the edge double walls 12 and 14 up to the openings 30, and the rear surfaces of the between double walls 16 and 18 material areas 26 closing at the rear are formed by areas of the production mold from the rear of the support structure 4.
  • the spaces between the intermediate double walls 16 and 18 and the spaces between the edge walls 12 and 14 up to the openings 30 can be formed from the front of the support structure 4 by regions of the manufacturing mold.
  • the channels 34 it depends on the channel shape whether one forms entirely from the rear of the supporting structure 4 (for example in the first embodiment, see Fig.
  • all relevant surfaces of the support structure 4 and formwork skin element 8 have a so-called pull-out slope of typically 0.5 to 2 degrees, so that the halves of the manufacturing mold can be opened without problems, the slides of the manufacturing mold can be pulled out easily, and the plastic product can be easily removed from the manufacturing mold can be expelled.
  • the formwork front 10 and thus the entire front of the formwork panel is free of components that have to do with the means for connecting or fastening the supporting structure 4 and formwork element 8.
  • the front of the formwork skin 10 is completely flat (in the sense that the term "flat" is usually used for formwork skins, which does not mean a plane that is strictly geometrically flat), so that on the surface of the concrete product to be produced shows nothing else than the undisturbed surface of the formlining 6 and at most certain markings at the points where there were joints between adjacent formworks 6.
  • openings are drawn which run at right angles to the front of the formlining 10, extend through the double-wall structure of the edge walls 12 and 14 and have a shape in the end region adjacent to the rear side 24 of the supporting structure can be described as circular with two diametrical, essentially rectangular extensions (see particularly clearly Fig. 18 , top right; Fig. 23 ).
  • This form of opening end areas has nothing to do with claim features in this application.
  • a section of a concreting wall formwork 100 is shown, which is constructed with formwork panels 2 according to the invention. Specifically, a wall formwork is drawn for a wall around a 90 ° corner.
  • wall formwork for straight walls, for pillars, for T-shaped merging walls, etc. can be created in a corresponding manner, the principles described below being used accordingly in all these cases.
  • Fig. 31 are all formwork panels 2 "vertically aligned", ie their longitudinal direction I is vertical and their width direction b or transverse direction is horizontal.
  • the formwork skin front 10 runs vertically in all formwork panels 2.
  • Two of the form panels 2 visible with the full width b have the dimensions as are also the form panels according to all embodiments 1 to 30 had, that is, eight transverse partitions 18 and five longitudinal partitions 16 and nine openings 20 in series as one proceeds in the longitudinal direction, and six openings 20 in series as one proceeds in the transverse direction.
  • their width b is one third of the width of the "full formwork panels 2", ie you only have two openings 20 in series if you proceed in the transverse direction.
  • the length I of the formwork panels 2 described last is equal to the length I of the full formwork panels 2.
  • Fig. 31 sees only the upper half of a wall formwork section. A second, lower half connects at the bottom, as will be described in more detail. All in all, the wall formwork then has a height of 270 cm, which is a fairly common room height in concrete construction from the concrete floor to the underside of the ceiling.
  • the Fig. 31 one can see that and how adjacent formwork panels 2 or the last formwork panel 2 are coupled to the post 108. If one goes down into the fourth opening 20 on the left vertical edge of the last outer corner formwork panel 2a, one sees part of a coupling element 110. On the right vertical edge of the same formwork panel 2a one sees four coupling elements 110 of the same type. Also in the left third, above, the Fig. 31 one sees a coupling element 110 of the same type. Coupling elements 110 of this type are described below with reference to FIGS 33 to 35 described in more detail.
  • Fig. 31 it can also be seen that and how coupling elements 110 of the same type can be used to couple two formwork panels 2 adjoining one another in the vertical direction, in that the coupling element 110 in question engages through a pair of openings 30 in transverse edge walls 14 of two formwork panels 2.
  • tensioning anchors 112 (as already mentioned above in the application), which are each fixed by means of a nut plate 114 against the rear of the supporting structure 24 of two flush adjacent formwork panels 2.
  • the tension anchor rod 112 passes through a channel of only one support structure 4, which runs at right angles to the front face 10 of the formwork skin.
  • the adjacent formwork panel 2 is included in the pressing process via the nut plate 114.
  • Fig. 32 uses an example (from many possible examples) to illustrate how a concrete slab formwork 120 can be formed using formwork panels 2 according to the invention.
  • a formwork beam 124 leads from slab formwork pillar head 126 to the next slab formwork pillar head 126.
  • the longitudinal center line of the first row described and the longitudinal center line of the second row described have a distance from one another which is substantially as long as the length I of the formwork panels 2 inserted between the rows, plus twice half a width of a formwork carrier 124.
  • a ceiling formwork 120 with the formwork panels 2 according to the invention can in particular also form ceiling formwork 120 of a structure with so-called main girders and so-called secondary girders.
  • the space between the parallel formwork beams 124 is not bridged by formwork panels 2, but by a series of secondary beams placed parallel to each other (in which case the distance between the formwork beams 124 shown is usually larger).
  • the beams leading from column 122 to column 122 are called "main beams” and the beams extending at right angles to them and placed on the main beams are called “secondary beams".
  • the formwork panels 2 are then placed in such a way that they each bridge the distance between two adjacent secondary beams.
  • the secondary beams are those beams which are referred to as formwork beams in the present application.
  • the coupling element 110 shown in the drawing has an overall shape that is reminiscent of a door handle with an integrated shaft, about the central axis 144 of which the coupling element 110 can be pivoted as a whole.
  • the coupling element 110 can in particular consist of metal or plastic.
  • the coupling element 110 has a shaft region 140 and, integral with the shaft region 140, an elongated grip region 142 which runs in a plane on which the imaginary central axis 144 of the shaft region 140 is at right angles.
  • the grip area 142 itself is bent relatively close to the shaft area 140 by approximately 45 ° in its plane. A worker can grip the straight, longer part 146 of the grip area 142 by hand and then, favored by a lever arm given by the distance between the grip point and the central axis 144, rotate the shaft area 140 about its central axis 144.
  • the grip area 142 integrally merges into a first end area of the shaft area 140.
  • a first flange 148 in the form of an annular flange projecting radially outward is located on the shaft region 140 at a small axial distance from this transition point.
  • a second flange 150 is located on the shaft region 140 at a clear distance a from the first flange 148, which has a more complicated shape, which will be described in more detail below.
  • the clear distance a is - roughly speaking for the time being - approximately as large as the wall thickness formwork panels 2 of the summed thickness of two edge walls 12 and 14 in the vicinity of a surrounding opening 30, added to the (small) clearance between the outer surfaces of the pair of edge walls 12 and 14, as described in connection with the first embodiment and the recessed outer surface of the edge walls 12 and 14 respectively. You can see this in Fig. 31 and on a larger scale in the Fig. 34 and 35 ,
  • the shaft area 140 in an intermediate flange area 141 is only substantially circular-cylindrical. More precisely, the wave region 140 has a somewhat elongated cross section there, which can be carried out “oval-like” or “ellipse-like” or in the form of “two semicircles with two straight sections in between”.
  • This cross-sectional shape falls into Fig. 33 optically not because the "thickness" or "local diameter” at the shortest point is only slightly smaller than at the longest point, which is about 90 ° away. The meaning of this cross-sectional shape is described in more detail below.
  • the second flange 150 When looking at the end face of the shaft area 140 where the second flange 150 is located, see arrow A in Fig. 33 (c) , the second flange 150 has an oval outer contour, that is to say a semicircular section 152 at each end and between them a straight section 154 on each side. In the middle region between the two semicircular sections 152, the second flange 150 — measured at right angles to the course of the straight line Sections 154 between the semicircular sections 152 - a width c, which corresponds to the smallest thickness or the smallest diameter of the only substantially circular cylindrical region 141 of the shaft region 140 or is slightly smaller.
  • the second flange 150 has a dimension e that is significantly larger than the width c.
  • the extent of the radial projection of the second flange 150 over the circumferential surface of the only substantially circular-cylindrical region 141 of the shaft region 140 increases as it progresses 90 °, from 0 to a maximum amount, then as further 90 ° from the maximum amount to 0, then as further 90 ° from 0 to a maximum amount, finally as another 90 ° from the maximum amount 0 from.
  • Fig. 33 (b) right-down and in Fig. 33 (c) Right-below it can be seen that the end face of the second flange 150 facing the first flange 148 is not flat, but is divided into two parts (the first part of the just described first radial dimension increase-radial dimension decrease curve over 180 ° and the second part corresponds to the just described second radial dimension increase-radial dimension decrease curve over 180 °).
  • an approximately half 90 ° partial area is formed as a wedge surface 156, which, if one proceeds in the circumferential direction, from a maximum distance a + x to the opposite end face of the first flange 148 at a distance a to the opposite end face of the first Flange 148 gradually decreases.
  • the shaft area 140 with the second flange 150 of the coupling element 110 can be inserted into an aligned pair of openings 30 of two parallel positioned edge walls 12 and 14 of two adjacent formwork panels 2.
  • the openings 30 are, as explained above, oval or elongated, and the oval shape of the second flange 150 described is such that the shaft region 140 with the second flange 150 ahead can be inserted straight through the two openings 30, when the larger dimension e of the second flange 150 matches the longer length of the oval opening 30.
  • the beginning of this insertion process can be seen in Fig. 34 at the right coupling element 110, and the end of this insertion process can be seen at the in Fig.
  • the second flange 150 of the coupling element 110 in question is located entirely on the inside of the relevant edge wall 12 or 14 of the second panel 2 (here the second panel 2 is the panel 2 whose opening 30 is designated as second opening of the pair of openings 30 is passed through the second flange 150).
  • the coupling element 110 can be rotated or pivoted about its central axis 144 by means of the grip area 142, specifically counterclockwise, when looking at the end face of the shaft area 140 where the grip area 142 goes off.
  • the grip area 142 specifically counterclockwise
  • Fig. 35 one can see the state when the grip area 142 has been pivoted completely through 90 °.
  • the second flange 150 (as well as the first flange 148) have carried out a rotational movement about the central axis 144 of 90 °.
  • the larger dimension e of the second flange 150 now extends at right angles to the larger dimension of the opening 30 adjacent there in an edge wall 12 or 14 of a formwork panel 2.
  • the pair of edge walls 12 or 14 under consideration is between the first flange 148 and the second Flange 150 clamped together.
  • the adjacent formwork panels 2 are coupled to one another on this pair of edge walls 12 and 14.
  • one or more coupling elements 110 can be used along the pair of edge walls 12 or 14 under consideration.
  • the longer, straight region 146 of the grip region 142 lies parallel to the relevant rear side of the formwork panel 24 and, moreover, is located with a part of its length in a suitable recess 160, which is in the partitions 16 and 18 is provided in the rear area near the edge walls 12 and 14, respectively.
  • the smallest thickness or the smallest diameter mentioned above of the only substantially circular cylindrical region 141 of the shaft region 140 of the coupling element 110 runs in a direction that is parallel to the orientation of the width c of the second flange 150, and is a bit smaller than the measured at right angles to the formwork facing front 10 - shorter dimension of the respective opening 30 or the respective two openings 30.
  • the second flange 150 and the area 141 of the shaft area 140 can be easily inserted into the pair of the openings 30 involved, even if the two formwork panels 2 involved are slightly offset from one another in a direction perpendicular to the formwork skin front sides 10 , During the subsequent pivoting of the coupling element 110 by approximately 90 °, the greatest thickness or the largest diameter of the region 141 gradually comes into contact with those central regions of the opening peripheral walls 32 of the two participating openings 30, where the distance between opposite opening peripheral wall regions is smaller than in the opening longitudinal direction is.
  • the pivotal movement of the coupling element 110 pulls the two formwork panels 2 involved into the front-aligned position because the greatest thickness or the largest diameter of the region 141 of the shaft region 140 is as large as the respective size of the openings 30 of the two formwork panels involved, with only slight play 2, measured in the central opening area and at right angles to the front of the formlining 10.
  • the two edge walls 12 and 14 of the two formwork panels 2 involved can also be clamped together with a certain offset in the longitudinal direction of the edge walls 12 and 14. After completion of the insertion process described, the two edge walls 12 and 14 involved can be moved a little in the longitudinal direction of the edge walls 12, 14 relative to one another and only then pivot the relevant coupling element 110 into the clamping position.
  • the openings 30 in the edge walls 12 and 14 are also suitable for coupling formwork accessories there, depending on the shape of the area of the relevant formwork accessory to be coupled with coupling elements, as in 33 to 35 drawn and described with reference to these figures, can work, or with modified coupling elements, which are each brought into engagement with one of the openings 30 or with an aligned pair of openings 30.
  • coupling elements with a different flange spacing a can be used.
  • Straightening supports or formwork brackets may be mentioned as particularly common, in practice, examples of formwork accessories to be coupled. But you can also form other connection options at other points of the support structure 4 for formwork accessories.
  • coupling element 110 with its first flange 148 and its second flange 152 is a particularly favorable embodiment of a coupling element 110 used in the invention, but that coupling elements of other designs, also with a clamping mechanism deviating from the wedge surface 156, are useful in the invention.
  • Coupling elements which cooperate with the openings 30 described in the edge walls 12 and 14 of the relevant panel 2 and its surroundings are advantageous, however, because one can easily provide the necessary local stability or strength of the panel 2 in question.
  • the formwork panel 2 shown is assembled from two components, namely a supporting structure 4 and a formwork skin 6, which is formed here by a single formwork skin element 8. Both the support structure 4 and the formlining element 8 consist entirely of plastic here.
  • Each of the two longitudinal edges of the support structure 4 has the shape of a double-walled wall 12, and each of the two transverse edges of the support structure 4 has the shape of a double-walled wall 14.
  • a transverse partition 18 which is double-walled, the distance between the partial walls being greater than that of the edge walls 12 and 14, respectively.
  • a plurality of transverse partition walls 18 could also be present.
  • Fig. 37 it can be seen that the double walls 12, 14, 18 on the rear side 24 of the support structure 4 are closed by material areas 26 running parallel to the formwork skin front side 10, but are open on the front side 22 of the support structure 4, ie at a distance between the partial walls , are.
  • This shape is called the U-shaped cross section of the double wall.
  • the modified embodiment according to Fig. 38 differs from the embodiment according to Fig. 37 only because the double walls 12, 14, 18 in their end region adjacent to the front side 22 of the support structure 4 each have a wall-widening flange 28 projecting towards the relevant opening 20, as is also the case with the first embodiment Fig. 8 and according to the sixth embodiment Fig. 29 has already been described and drawn.
  • This shape is called the hat-like cross-section of the double wall.
  • the rear closure of the spacing space between the partial walls of the transverse partition 18 through the material region 26 there is essentially continuous and possibly only interrupted by channels 34 and 42 with a comparatively small cross-section which run from the front 22 to the rear 24 of the support structure 4, as already described and drawn in the previous embodiments.
  • the closing of the spacing space between the partial walls is interrupted to a greater extent by the material areas 26 there and, so to speak, divided into sections, as described and drawn in more detail in the previous embodiments.
  • the formwork panel 2 shown is assembled from two components, namely a supporting structure 4 and a formwork skin 6, which is formed here by a single formwork skin element 8. Both the support structure 4 and the formlining element 8 consist entirely of plastic here.
  • Each of the two longitudinal edges of the support structure 4 has the shape of a wall 12, and each of the two transverse edges of the support structure 4 has the shape of a wall 14.
  • a longitudinal edge extends approximately centrally from one transverse edge wall 14 to the other edge transverse wall 14.
  • Intermediate wall 16 which is divided into two semi-circular arms 200 at two locations. If the two semicircular arms 200 are taken together at each of these two locations, a wall section in the form of a full circle is formed there, which delimits a circular opening 20.
  • Each of the two openings 20 extends from the front 22 to the rear 24 of the support structure 4. Where there is no opening 20, the back of the support structure 4 is closed by a plate-like material area 202, with the exception of any channels 34 and 42.
  • the boundaries of the walls 12, 14, 16 are partly drawn in broken lines because they lie behind the plate-like material area 202. There may be further partition walls, if desired also running differently; the number of openings can be less than or greater than two.
  • the walls 12, 14, 16 are not designed as double walls, but could alternatively be designed as double walls.
  • the respective support structure 4 and the respective formlining element 8 each an integral injection-molded component made of plastic or an integral die-cast component made of plastic, that is, the support structure 4 and formwork skin element 8 each have a shape that allows the production by plastic injection molding or by plastic die-casting.

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Claims (20)

  1. Panneau de coffrage (2) destiné à des coffrages de bétonnage (100, 120), qui présente :
    une structure de support (4) constituée à titre essentiel d'une matière synthétique, qui présente au moins une double paroi (12 ; 14 ; 16 ; 18), deux parois partielles de la double paroi en question étant reliées l'une à l'autre sur le côté arrière (24) de la structure de support (4) ; et
    une enveloppe de coffrage séparée (6), qui est réalisée à partir d'un élément individuel (8) faisant office d'enveloppe de coffrage pour l'essentiel en matière synthétique ou à partir de plusieurs éléments (8) faisant office d'enveloppes de coffrage respectivement pour l'essentiel en matière synthétique ;
    dans lequel l'enveloppe de coffrage (6) est reliée de manière amovible à la structure de support ;
    caractérisé
    en ce que la structure de support (4) est réalisée à titre essentiel sous la forme d'une grille comportant des ouvertures (20) qui sont ouvertes aussi bien dans la direction du côté avant (22) de la structure de support (4) que dans la direction du côté arrière (24) de la structure de support (4) ; dans lequel le côté avant de la structure de support (4) est tourné vers l'enveloppe de coffrage (6) et le côté arrière de la structure de support (4) se détourne de l'enveloppe de coffrage (6) ;
    et en ce que ladite au moins une double paroi (12 ; 14 ; 16 ; 18) est ouverte sur le côté avant (22) de la structure de support (4) ; dans lequel les deux parois partielles de la double paroi (12 ; 14 ; 16 ; 18) sont reliées l'une à l'autre sur le côté arrière (24) de la structure de support (4) essentiellement en continu par l'intermédiaire d'une zone de matière (26) ou par tronçons par l'intermédiaire de zones de matière, d'une manière telle que l'on obtient, avec la zone de matière en continu (26) ou dans le cas des tronçons de zones de matière, une section transversale de la double paroi (12 ; 14 ; 16 ; 18) qui possède la forme d'un U ou une section transversale en forme de chapeau.
  2. Panneau de coffrage (2) destiné à des coffrages de bétonnage (100, 120), qui présente :
    une structure de support (4) constituée à titre essentiel d'une matière synthétique, qui présente au moins une double paroi (12 ; 14 ; 16 ; 18), deux parois partielles de la double paroi en question étant reliées l'une à l'autre sur le côté arrière (24) de la structure de support (4) ; et
    une enveloppe de coffrage séparée (6), qui est réalisée à partir d'un élément individuel (8) faisant office d'enveloppe de coffrage pour l'essentiel en matière synthétique ou à partir de plusieurs éléments (8) faisant office d'enveloppes de coffrage respectivement pour l'essentiel en matière synthétique ;
    dans lequel l'enveloppe de coffrage (6) est reliée de manière amovible à la structure de support ;
    caractérisé
    en ce que la structure de support (4) - en l'occurrence à l'exception d'une forme de réalisation essentiellement sous la forme d'une grille - présente plusieurs ouvertures continues (20) s'étendant depuis le côté avant (22) de la structure de support jusqu'au côté arrière (24) de la structure de support, qui possèdent, dans une vue en plan, respectivement une superficie d'au moins 25 cm2 ; dans lequel le côté avant de la structure de support (4) est tourné vers l'enveloppe de coffrage (6) et le côté arrière de la structure de support (4) se détourne de l'enveloppe de coffrage (6) ;
    et en ce que ladite au moins une double paroi (12 ; 14 ; 16 ; 18) est ouverte sur le côté avant (22) de la structure de support (4) ; dans lequel les deux parois partielles de la double paroi (12 ; 14 ; 16 ; 18) sont reliées l'une à l'autre sur le côté arrière (24) de la structure de support (4) essentiellement en continu par l'intermédiaire d'une zone de matière (26) ou par tronçons par l'intermédiaire de zones de matière, d'une manière telle que l'on obtient, avec la zone de matière en continu (26) ou dans le cas des tronçons de zones de matière, une section transversale de la double paroi (12 ; 14 ; 16 ; 18) possédant la forme d'un U ou une section transversale en forme de chapeau.
  3. Panneau de coffrage (2) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la structure de support (4) représente à titre essentiel un composant moulé par injection en une seule pièce à partir d'une matière synthétique ou à titre essentiel un composant moulé par compression en une seule pièce à partir d'une matière synthétique.
  4. Panneau de coffrage (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'on prévoit au moins un élément (8) faisant office d'enveloppe de coffrage qui représente à titre essentiel un composant moulé par injection en une seule pièce à partir d'une matière synthétique ou à titre essentiel un composant moulé par compression en une seule pièce à partir d'une matière synthétique.
  5. Panneau de coffrage (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'enveloppe de coffrage (6) est reliée à la structure de support par l'intermédiaire de vis (70) et/ou de rivets (98) et/ou de liaisons par encliquetage (44, 48 ; 80, 82 ; 84, 88) et/ou d'élargissements appliqués par fusion (98) sur des broches de liaison surmoulées et/ou de liaison(s) amovible(s) par collage.
  6. Panneau de coffrage (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un élément (8) faisant office d'enveloppe de coffrage présente des prolongements surmoulés (40 ; 84) qui jouent un rôle lors de la transmission de forces de traction éventuelles entre la structure de support (4) et l'élément concerné (8) faisant office d'enveloppe de coffrage.
  7. Panneau de coffrage selon la revendication 6, pour autant qu'elle se rapporte à la revendication 1, et de manière facultative à l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la structure de support (4) est réalisée à titre essentiel sous la forme d'une grille comprenant des parois marginales en direction longitudinale (12), des parois marginales en direction transversale (14), des parois intermédiaires en direction longitudinale (16), des parois intermédiaires en direction transversale (18), et comprenant également, entre les parois (12, 14, 16, 18), les ouvertures qui sont ouvertes aussi bien dans la direction du côté avant (22) de la structure de support (2) que dans la direction du côté arrière (24) de la structure de support (4) ; et en ce que les prolongements surmoulés mentionnés (40) sont disposés à des endroits auxquels se rencontrent deux des parois mentionnées (12, 14, 16, 18).
  8. Panneau de coffrage (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins pour un élément (8) faisant office d'enveloppe de coffrage, on prévoit des endroits d'engrènement de type femelle/mâle par complémentarité de forme (40, 58 ; 40, 34), d'une manière telle que des forces de poussée éventuelles, qui s'exercent parallèlement au côté avant (10) de l'enveloppe de coffrage, sont transférées entre l'élément concerné (8) faisant office d'enveloppe de coffrage et la structure de support (4).
  9. Panneau de coffrage (2) selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce qu'on prévoit des endroits auxquels l'engrènement de type femelle/mâle (40, 58 ; 40, 34) est réalisé respectivement par l'intermédiaire d'un prolongement surmoulé (40) sur l'élément mentionné (8) faisant office d'enveloppe de coffrage, prolongement qui entre en engrènement avec un logement (58 ; 34) réalisé dans la structure de support (4).
  10. Panneau de coffrage (2) selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une quantité partielle des prolongements d'engrènement mentionnés (40), qui transfèrent les forces de poussée éventuelles, représentent en même temps des prolongements (40) qui jouent également un rôle lors de la transmission de forces de traction éventuelles entre la structure de support (4) et l'élément concerné (8) faisant office d'enveloppe de coffrage.
  11. Panneau de coffrage (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que la matière synthétique de la structure de support (4) possède une résistance supérieure à celle de la matière synthétique de l'élément individuel (8) faisant office d'enveloppe de coffrage, ou à celle de la matière synthétique, respectivement des matières synthétiques desdits plusieurs éléments (8) faisant office d'enveloppes de coffrage ; dans lequel, de préférence la matière synthétique de la structure de support (4) est renforcée par des fibres et la matière synthétique de l'élément individuel (8) faisant office d'enveloppe de coffrage ou la matière synthétique, respectivement les matières synthétiques desdits plusieurs éléments (8) faisant office d'enveloppes de coffrage est, respectivement sont renforcée(s) avec des particules.
  12. Panneau de coffrage (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que la matière synthétique d'au moins un élément (8) faisant office d'enveloppe de coffrage est choisie d'une manière telle que l'on puisse clouer l'élément (8) faisant office d'enveloppe de coffrage.
  13. Panneau de coffrage (2) selon la revendication 1 et de manière facultative selon l'une quelconque des revendications 3 à 12, caractérisé en ce que la structure de support (4) présente quatre parois marginales (12 ; 14) et parois intermédiaires (16 ; 18) ; et en ce qu'au moins une partie de ces parois (12, 14 ; 16, 18), et de préférence toutes ces parois (12, 14, 16, 18), est, respectivement sont réalisée(s) sous la forme d'une double paroi possédant la configuration mentionnée à la revendication 1.
  14. Panneau de coffrage (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que la structure de support (4) est réalisée, sur ses deux côtés longitudinaux et/ou sur ses deux côtés transversaux, respectivement sous la forme d'une double paroi (12 ; 14) possédant la configuration mentionnée à la revendication 1 ou à la revendication 2, et possédant une série d'ouvertures de paroi (30) qui traversent la double paroi (12 ; 14) ; dans lequel les ouvertures de paroi mentionnées (30) possèdent respectivement une configuration ovale de forme oblongue, dont la direction longitudinale s'étend dans la direction longitudinale de la double paroi concernée (12 ; 14) et sont entourées respectivement par une paroi périphérique d'ouverture (32).
  15. Coffrage de mur pour bétonnage (100), caractérisé en ce qu'il présente plusieurs panneaux de coffrage accouplés (2) conformément à l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 14.
  16. Coffrage de mur pour bétonnage (100) selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce qu'il présente plusieurs panneaux de coffrage accouplés (2) selon la revendication 14 ; en ce que l'on met en œuvre, pour l'accouplement de deux panneaux de coffrage voisins (2), au moins un élément d'accouplement (110) qui possède une configuration analogue à celle d'une poignée de porte comprenant une zone en forme d'arbre (140) surmoulée en une seule pièce, sur laquelle on prévoit deux brides (148, 150) ; et en ce que l'élément d'accouplement (110) coopère avec les ouvertures de paroi mentionnées (30) des panneaux de coffrage (2) et est réalisé d'une manière telle qu'il vient s'engrener par accouplement ou qu'il se désengrène par désaccouplement par l'intermédiaire d'un mouvement de pivotement autour de l'axe central (144) de sa zone (140) en forme d'arbre.
  17. Coffrage de mur pour bétonnage (100) selon la revendication 16, caractérisé en ce que la zone en forme d'arbre (140) de l'élément d'accouplement (110) dans la zone intermédiaire (141) entre la première bride (148) et la seconde bride (150) ne possède une forme cylindrique circulaire que de manière essentielle et possède une section transversale légèrement longitudinale que l'on peut réaliser sous la forme d'un ovale ou sous la forme d'une ellipse ou encore sous la forme de deux demi-cercles avec deux tronçons rectilignes entre les deux ; et en ce que les deux panneaux de coffrage concernés (2) sont tirés, par l'intermédiaire du mouvement de pivotement de l'élément d'accouplement (110) dans la position dans laquelle ils sont disposés à fleur sur leurs côtés avant, étant donné que l'épaisseur maximale, respectivement le diamètre maximal de la zone intermédiaire (141) entre les brides possède une dimension, avec un jeu seulement minime, égale à la dimension respective des ouvertures de paroi (30) des deux panneaux de coffrage concernés (2), lorsqu'on procède à la mesure dans la zone centrale de l'ouverture de paroi et perpendiculairement au côté avant (10) de l'enveloppe de coffrage.
  18. Coffrage de plancher pour bétonnage (120) caractérisé en ce qu'il présente plusieurs panneaux de coffrage (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 14.
  19. Procédé pour la fabrication d'un panneau de coffrage (2) destiné à des coffrages de bétonnage (100 ; 120) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisé en ce que la structure de support (4) est moulée par injection ou moulée par compression à partir d'une matière synthétique ; en ce qu'un élément (8) faisant office d'enveloppe de coffrage ou plusieurs éléments (8) faisant office d'enveloppes de coffrage est/sont moulé(s) par injection ou est/sont moulé(s) par compression à partir d'une matière synthétique ; et en ce que
    (a) dans le cas où l'enveloppe de coffrage (6) est réalisée à partir d'un élément individuel (8) faisant office d'enveloppe de coffrage, cet élément (8) faisant office d'enveloppe de coffrage est fixé de manière amovible à la structure de support (4) ; ou
    (b) dans le cas où l'enveloppe de coffrage (6) est réalisée à partir de plusieurs éléments (8) faisant office d'enveloppes de coffrage, lesdits plusieurs éléments (8) faisant office d'enveloppes de coffrage sont fixés de manière amovible à la structure de support (4).
  20. Procédé selon la revendication 19, caractérisé en ce que l'élément individuel (8) faisant office d'enveloppe de coffrage présente, sur son côté arrière (54), respectivement lesdits plusieurs éléments (8) faisant office d'enveloppes de coffrage présentent respectivement sur leur côté arrière (54), plusieurs prolongements surmoulés (40) ; et en ce que, à partir du côté arrière (24) de la structure de support (4), des vis (70) sont introduites par vissage dans au moins une quantité partielle des prolongements (40).
EP16205457.1A 2013-07-10 2014-07-09 Plateau de coffrage pour coffrages de béton Active EP3176347B1 (fr)

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DE102013107303.4A DE102013107303B4 (de) 2013-07-10 2013-07-10 Schaltafel für Betonierungsschalungen
EP14739761.6A EP3019678B1 (fr) 2013-07-10 2014-07-09 Panneau de coffrage destiné à des coffrages pour bétonnage
PCT/EP2014/064721 WO2015004188A1 (fr) 2013-07-10 2014-07-09 Panneau de coffrage destiné à des coffrages pour bétonnage

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EP16205468.8A Active EP3176348B1 (fr) 2013-07-10 2014-07-09 Plateau de coffrage pour coffrages de béton
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US20200063450A1 (en) 2020-02-27
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IL272984B (en) 2021-08-31
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SA516370381B1 (ar) 2022-09-20
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HUE051324T2 (hu) 2021-03-01
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US10465397B2 (en) 2019-11-05
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EA202090051A3 (ru) 2020-07-31

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