CN202151853U - 具有照明单元的电动工具 - Google Patents

具有照明单元的电动工具 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN202151853U
CN202151853U CN2011202191819U CN201120219181U CN202151853U CN 202151853 U CN202151853 U CN 202151853U CN 2011202191819 U CN2011202191819 U CN 2011202191819U CN 201120219181 U CN201120219181 U CN 201120219181U CN 202151853 U CN202151853 U CN 202151853U
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China
Prior art keywords
lighting unit
resistor
switching device
switch
timer
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN2011202191819U
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English (en)
Inventor
布赖恩·C·斯特琳
斯蒂芬·P·奥斯波恩
保罗·S·怀特
杰弗里·D·德尔坎普
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Black and Decker Inc
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Black and Decker Inc
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P7/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors
    • H02P7/06—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current
    • H02P7/18—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power
    • H02P7/24—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H02P7/28—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
    • H02P7/285—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices controlling armature supply only
    • H02P7/29—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices controlling armature supply only using pulse modulation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B25F5/00—Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B25F5/00—Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for
    • B25F5/02—Construction of casings, bodies or handles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B25F5/00—Details or components of portable power-driven tools not particularly related to the operations performed and not otherwise provided for
    • B25F5/02—Construction of casings, bodies or handles
    • B25F5/021—Construction of casings, bodies or handles with guiding devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/374—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC] with means for correcting the measurement for temperature or ageing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
    • G01R31/3835—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC involving only voltage measurements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/02—Bases, casings, or covers
    • H01H9/06—Casing of switch constituted by a handle serving a purpose other than the actuation of the switch, e.g. by the handle of a vacuum cleaner
    • H01H9/061—Casing of switch constituted by a handle serving a purpose other than the actuation of the switch, e.g. by the handle of a vacuum cleaner enclosing a continuously variable impedance
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R12/00—Structural associations of a plurality of mutually-insulated electrical connecting elements, specially adapted for printed circuits, e.g. printed circuit boards [PCB], flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures, e.g. terminal strips, terminal blocks; Coupling devices specially adapted for printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures; Terminals specially adapted for contact with, or insertion into, printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures
    • H01R12/70—Coupling devices
    • H01R12/7005—Guiding, mounting, polarizing or locking means; Extractors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/02—Contact members
    • H01R13/10—Sockets for co-operation with pins or blades
    • H01R13/11—Resilient sockets
    • H01R13/112—Resilient sockets forked sockets having two legs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H02J7/00034—Charger exchanging data with an electronic device, i.e. telephone, whose internal battery is under charge
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H02J7/00038—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange using passive battery identification means, e.g. resistors or capacitors
    • H02J7/00041—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange using passive battery identification means, e.g. resistors or capacitors in response to measured battery parameters, e.g. voltage, current or temperature profile
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H02J7/0019—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using switched or multiplexed charge circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0042—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction
    • H02J7/0045—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction concerning the insertion or the connection of the batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H02J7/00714—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery charging or discharging current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P3/00—Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters
    • H02P3/06—Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters for stopping or slowing an individual dynamo-electric motor or dynamo-electric converter
    • H02P3/08—Arrangements for stopping or slowing electric motors, generators, or dynamo-electric converters for stopping or slowing an individual dynamo-electric motor or dynamo-electric converter for stopping or slowing a dc motor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P7/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors
    • H02P7/06—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current
    • H02P7/18—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power
    • H02P7/24—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H02P7/28—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
    • H02P7/285—Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices controlling armature supply only
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/3644—Constructional arrangements
    • G01R31/3646—Constructional arrangements for indicating electrical conditions or variables, e.g. visual or audible indicators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/02—Bases, casings, or covers
    • H01H9/06—Casing of switch constituted by a handle serving a purpose other than the actuation of the switch, e.g. by the handle of a vacuum cleaner
    • H01H2009/065—Battery operated hand tools in which the battery and the switch are directly connected
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/448—End of discharge regulating measures
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    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
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    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4278—Systems for data transfer from batteries, e.g. transfer of battery parameters to a controller, data transferred between battery controller and main controller
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    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Details Of Spanners, Wrenches, And Screw Drivers And Accessories (AREA)
  • Portable Power Tools In General (AREA)
  • Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)
  • Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)
  • Protection Of Static Devices (AREA)
  • Control Of Direct Current Motors (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Current Or Voltage (AREA)

Abstract

一种电动工具，包括与电源连接的外壳，电机设置于外壳内，和控制电机输出速度的电机控制电路。照明单元连接于外壳上以照亮工作面。开关装置与外壳连接，开关装置选择性的操作以控制电机控制电路和照明单元控制电路的操作。照明单元控制电路包括定时器，其被配置为使得当开关装置被触发照明单元以第一亮度水平照明，在扳机被触发后的一个预定时间周期内保持以第一亮度水平照明。如果在预定时间结束之前开关装置没有解除触发，所述预定时间周期将会重新启动。

Description

具有照明单元的电动工具
技术领域
本申请依照35 U.S.C.§119(e)要求于2010年4月7日提交的No.61/321,699、标题为“状态监测的电动工具装置”的美国专利暂时申请的优先权，其作为参考结合于此。
技术领域
本申请一般涉及一种手持电动工具。更具体的，本申请涉及配置有灯的手持电动工具，其照亮电动工具所加工的工件。
背景技术
电动工具常常在各种环境下使用，从具有良好光照的室内工作空间到室外的工作地点或者不具有良好光照的其它区域。因此，这就需要提供一种方法或装置使电动工具具有照明结构从而可以照亮电动工具所加工的工件。即使在低于标准的照明条件下，这种照明结构也可以帮助使用者足够看清电动工具正在加工的工件或工作区域。还需要的是，即使电动工具不在工作操作状态时，照明单元也保持照明，这样电动工具就可以作为一个手电筒，或者在黑暗的房间里或工具袋里使用者可以容易的找到电动工具。
实用新型内容
一方面，电动工具包括能与电源相连接的外壳。电机设置于外壳内并通过配置为可以控制电机输出速度的电机控制电路与电源连接。照明单元与外壳相连，配置为照亮工件表面，并通过配置为控制照明单元的照明的照明单元控制电路与电源连接。开关装置与外壳连接，通过使用者选择性地操作以控制电机控制电路和照明单元控制电路的运行。当开关装置被触发时，照明单元控制电路使得照明单元以第一亮度水平照明，当开关装置被释放时，以第二亮度水平照明，第二亮度水平低于第一亮度水平。
这方面的实施例可以包括以下一种或多种特征。照明单元控制电路可以包括第一电阻器和第二电阻器，其并联在电源与照明单元之间，第二电阻器比第一电阻器具有更大的电阻，从而当开关装置触发时电流被允许流过第一电阻器，当开关装置释放时电流被阻止流过第一电阻器。第二电阻器的电阻大约至少是第一电阻器的一百倍。照明单元控制电路可以包括照明单元开关，当开关装置触发时，照明单元开关关闭使得电流流过第一电阻器，当开关装置释放时，照明单元开关打开阻止电流流过第一电阻器。照明单元开关可以包括电子开关或电子机械式开关之一，通过开关装置控制其关闭。照明单元控制电路可以包括定时器，其配置使得在开关装置触发或释放后的一段预定的时间周期内照明单元开关保持关闭。定时器可以包括微处理器，数字定时器电路或模拟定时器电路其中之一。衰减器(fader)可以使得照明单元的亮度在第一亮度水平与第二亮度水平之间逐渐减弱。
另一方面，电动工具包括可以与电源连接的外壳。电机设置于外壳内并通过配置为控制电机输出速度的电机控制电路与电源连接。照明单元与外壳相连，配置为照亮工件表面，并通过配置为控制照明单元的照明的照明单元控制电路与电源连接。开关装置与外壳连接，通过使用者选择地操作以控制电机控制电路和照明单元控制电路的运行。照明单元控制电路包括定时器，其配置为当开关装置被触发时使得照明单元以第一亮度水平照明，并且在扳机被触发后照明单元在一段预定的时间周期内保持以第一亮度水平照明，其中如果开关装置在预定时间周期的结束之前没有被解除触发那么上述预定时间周期会重新开始。
这方面的实施例还可以包括以下一种或多种特征。照明单元控制电路可以包括与开关装置和定时器连接的照明单元开关，使得当开关装置被触发时照明单元开关关闭从而使得电流流向照明单元，并且当预定的时间周期结束时照明开关打开从而阻止电流流向照明单元。该照明单元开关可以包括电子开关或电子机械式开关之一，其通过开关装置控制其关闭。定时器配置为使得在开关装置被触发后在一段预定的时间周期内照明单元开关保持关闭。定时器可以包括微处理器，数字定时器电路或模拟定时器电路其中之一。照明单元控制电路可以包括衰减器，其可以使得照明单元的亮度在第一亮度水平与第二亮度水平之间逐渐减弱。照明单元控制电路使得当开关装置被解除触发且预定时间周期结束时照明单元以低于第一亮度水平的第二亮度水平照明。照明单元控制电路可以包括第一电阻器和第二电阻器，其并联在电源与照明单元之间，第二电阻器比第一电阻器的具有更大的电阻，其中当开关装置被触发时电流被允许流过第一电阻器，当开关装置被释放时电流被阻止流过第一电阻器。第二电阻器的电阻大约至少是第一电阻器的一百倍。照明单元控制电路可以包括照明单元开关，当开关装置被触发时，照明单元开关闭合使得电流流过第一电阻器，当开关装置释放和预定时间周期结束时，照明单元开关打开阻止电流流过第一电阻器。开关装置可以包括扳机，其可以相对于壳体移动，定时器检测扳机的位置，并且当扳机在没有被解除触发的情况下其位置发生变化时，使得预定的时间周期重新开始。
在另一方面，电动工具包括可以与电源相连的外壳，与外壳连接的工具保持器，设置于外壳之内并通过电机控制电路与电源连接的电机。电机控制电路包括微处理器，其配置为控制电机的输出速度。传动部件将电机连接到工具保持器，使得电机的转动可以带动工具保持器的旋转。照明单元与外壳连接，其被配置为照亮工件的表面，并通过照明单元控制电路与电源连接。照明单元控制电路包括第一电阻器和第二电阻器，其并联在电源与照明单元之间。第二电阻器比第一电阻器的具有更大的电阻。一晶体管与第一电阻器和照明单元串联。一定时器连接该晶体管的门。一扳机与外壳，电机控制电路和照明单元控制电路连接。该扳机通过使用者选择性地操作以控制电机控制电路和照明单元控制电路的运行。当扳机被触发时，电机通过微处理器被触发，照明单元以第一亮度水平照明，并在开关装置触发后在一个预定的时间周期内保持照明单元以第一亮度水平照明。如果在预定时间周期结束时扳机保持触发，该预定时间周期重新开始。当扳机被释放时，电机会通过微处理器被解除触发，在预定时间周期结束后照明单元会以低于第一亮度水平的第二亮度水平照明。
优点还包括以下一个或多个方面。当没有使用工具时，照明可以保持一个较低的亮度水平，从而使得使用者可以在黑暗的房间或工具袋里方便地找到工具。照明可以定时，当工具开关被触发时定时器开始，当工具开关改变位置时定时器重新开始，和/或当定时器时间结束工具开关没有释放，从而避免当工具仍然操作时照明时间到和照明关闭。这些和其它优点和特征将在具体实施例，附图和权利要求中体现。
附图说明
图1是电动工具的侧视图，其具有设置在工具保持器附近的照明单元。
图2是图1中照明单元的部分透视图。
图3是电动工具的透视图，其具有设置在扳机之上夹具之下的照明单元。
图4是包括照明单元控制电路和电机控制电路的电动工具电路的第一实施例的示意图。
图5显示图4中照明单元控制电路操作的时序图。
图6是包括照明单元控制电路和电机控制电路的电动工具电路的第二实施例的示意图。
图7A是图6中照明单元控制电路的模拟实施例的示意图。
图7B是图6中照明单元控制电路的另一模拟实施例的示意图。
图7C是图6中照明单元控制电路的又一模拟实施例的示意图。
图8是图6中照明单元控制电路的另一模拟实施例的示意图。
图9A是显示图6和图7A-7C中照明单元控制电路操作的时序图。
图9B是显示图6和图8中照明单元控制电路操作的时序图。
图10A是包括照明单元控制电路和电机控制电路的电动工具电路的第三实施例的示意图。
图10B是图10A中照明单元控制电路的模拟实施例的示意图。
图11是显示图10A和10B中照明单元控制电路操作的时序图。
图12是包括照明单元控制电路和电机控制电路的电动工具电路的第四实施例的示意图。
图13是显示图12中照明单元控制电路操作的时序图。
图14是显示图12中照明单元控制电路操作的另一实施例的时序图。
图15是包括照明单元控制电路和电机控制电路的电动工具电路的第五实施例的示意图。
图16是显示图15中照明单元控制电路操作的一实施例的时序图。
图17是显示图15中照明单元控制电路操作的另一实施例的时序图。
具体实施方式
图1和图2显示了具有照明单元的电动工具的实施例。电动工具，这种情况下一电动驱动装置20，具有外壳22，其具有蛤壳式或其它适合类型的结构。电动驱动装置20包括位于外壳22前部的突出部分23和从外壳22向下突出的手柄24。电池26与手柄24底部连接，所述电池给设置于外壳内的电机(未示出)提供动力。
末端执行器以快速-释放工具保持器28的方式连接到突出部分23的前部，快速-释放工具保持器与电机通过传动装置(未示出)连接，传动装置可以为例如行星齿轮传动，和输出芯轴(未示出)，其用于将电机的旋转运动传递给工具保持器28。工具保持器28配置成保持附件或工具例如钻头或者传动形式的附件例如Philips或者标准的螺丝起子工具。本领域技术人员可以预见其它类型的工具或附件也可以被保持和用于工具保持器28。根据本实用新型实施例所使用的工具保持器的示例可以包括类似于诸如由DeWalt Industrial Tool Company of Baltimore，Maryland生产和销售的DC825KA Impact Driver和DC815KA Impact Driver产品中所找到的快速更换工具保持器。
在外壳22下部与手柄24连接的开关装置31包括扳机30。扳机30与开关装置30中的一个或多个电子开关连接，从而使得扳机30的移动可选择性将电能从电池26提供到电机，以控制电机的速度和/或扭矩输出。例如，开关装置31可以控制本申请所要求优先权的、前述No.61/321,699美国专利临时申请中所描述的电机。
电动驱动装置20还包括在工具保持器28附近的离合器套筒34(clutchcollars)，其可以转动以调整传动装置的最大扭矩输出。离合器套筒34的不同角位置可以为工具保持器28提供不同大小的最大扭矩。离合器套筒34上可以看到数字刻度36，用于为使用者提供离合器套筒34设置的指示。指针37可以位于突出部分23。指针37可以为使用者确定离合器套筒34的角位置提供参考以及为比较数字刻度36上的数字提供参考点。离合器套筒34也可以为电动驱动装置20的内部结构提供保护，特别是可以为被安装在突出部位23中的电动驱动装置20的传动装置和其它内部构件提供保护。
离合器和传动装置的一个实施例可以按照No.7,066,691美国专利申请中的发明所描述的那样工作，其全部内容通过引用结合于此。当然，按照该发明也可以使用其它形式的套管。例如，在一些实施例中，工具保持器附近的套管可以另外或代替离合器起到控制功能，例如钻头/锤头的模式选择，换挡，通电/关闭，变速控制，或其它旋转套管控制机构。本说明书涉及离合器套筒作为例子，但是并没有将根据本实用新型的实施例限定于具有离合器套筒的工具。
照明单元38位于该电动工具20的前部以及工具保持器28的后面，其被配置为照亮工作面。照明单元38位于离合器套筒34的凹口39内。照明单元38包括多个发光二极管(LEDs)，其位于围绕环形印刷电路板的各个点处，并通过电线与开关装置或诸如微处理器的控制器连接。虽然图2中的实施例显示了3个LEDs灯，可是可以采用任何数量的LEDs灯。照明单元38还包括透明盖板40用以保护照明单元的内部元件来防止湿气和污染。开关装置30控制向LED灯传递电能以及控制LED灯的照明，这将在下面进行详细的描述。
图3显示了具有照明单元的电动工具的实施例。电动工具，这种情况下是电动钻头320，其具有外壳322，该外壳包括例如蛤壳式或其它适合的结构类型，还具有手柄324，其从外壳322向下突出。电池326与手柄324底部连接，电池为设置于外壳内部的电机(未示出)提供电源。
末端执行器以卡盘328(chuck)(例如，无键卡盘)的形式连接于壳体322的前部，卡盘通过传动装置(未示出)与电机相连，传动装置可以是例如行星齿轮传动，和用以将电机的转动传递给卡盘328的输出芯轴(未示出)。卡盘328被配置成保持附件或工具如钻头或其它驱动类型的附件如Philips或标准的螺丝起子工具。本领域技术人员可以预见其它类型的工具或附件可以被保持和用于卡盘328中。根据本实施例所使用的卡盘的示例可以是由Jacobs Chuck Manufacturing Company of Clemson，South Carolina生产和销售7000系列的卡盘。
开关装置331在壳体322下部并与手柄324连接，其具有扳机330。扳机330与开关装置331内部的一个或多个电子开关相连，从而使得扳机330的移动有选择地从电池326向电机提供能量，进而控制电机的速度和/或电机的输出扭矩。例如，开关装置331可以按照本申请要求优先权的、美国专利临时申请No.61/321,699中所描述的方式控制电机。
电动钻头320还包括在卡盘328附近的离合套筒334，其可以旋转从而调整传动装置的最大输出扭矩。离合套筒334的不同角位置可以为卡盘328提供不同大小的最大扭矩。离合套筒334上可以看到数字刻度用以为使用者提供离合套筒334设置的指示。可以根据本实用新型工作的离合器和传动装置的示例示出在美国专利No.7,066,691中，其全部内容通过引用结合于此。当然，根据本实用新型也可以应用其它形式的套管。例如，在一些实施例中，工具保持器附近的套管可以另外或代替离合器起到控制功能，例如钻头/锤头的模式选择，换挡，通电/关闭，变速控制，或其它旋转套管控制机构。本说明书涉及离合器套筒作为例子，但是并没有将根据本实用新型的实施例限定于具有离合器套筒的工具。
照明单元338位于外壳322前部，正好在扳机330之上以及正好在卡盘328和离合套筒334之下，其被配置为照亮工作面。照明单元38包括一个或多个发光二极管(LEDs)342，其通过电线与开关装置或诸如微处理器的控制器连接。图3中的实施例显示了一个LED，但是可以使用任何数量的LEDs。LED342也可以包括透明盖板或透镜用以保护照明单元的内部元件防止湿气和污染和/或聚焦或重新定向来自LED342的光线。开关装置331控制向LED342传递电源以及控制LED342的照明，这在下面将做详细的描述。
连接到电动工具的照明单元还有许多其它可能的结构落入本实用新型要求保护的范围内。例如，电动工具可以具有No.12/379585(提交日2009年2月25日，名称“电动工具的照明单元和照亮工件的方法”)，No.12/859036(提交日2010年8月18日，名称“具有灯光发射装置的电动工具”)和No.12/895051(提交日2010年9月30日，名称“具有照亮工件的照明单元的电动工具”)美国专利申请中公开的结构，它们中的每一个通过引用结合于此。其中的电机和照明单元和其它电动工具可以通过一个或多个下面描述的控制电路控制。
图4显示了用于电动工具的控制电路400的一种示例性实施例，其包括电源430，电机420，照明单元412和开关装置440。开关装置440通过电机控制电路401选择性地将电机420与电源430连接，并且通过照明单元控制电路402选择性地将照明单元412与电源430连接。电动工具的使用者通过开关装置412的致动和操作来控制马达420和照明单元412的操作。
电源430可以是任何合适的形式，如直流(DC)电池和交流电(AC)，例如来自墙壁的电源插座。另外，或可选择的，通过本领域公知的技术，电源430可以包括元件和电路(未示出)用以将直流电源转化为交流信号，反之亦然。电机420可以是任何合适类型的电机，当从其从电源获得能量后旋转，例如通用电机，有刷直流电机和交流电机，或无刷电机。照明单元可以包括一个或多个任何合适种类的光源，如一种或多种的白炽灯泡、荧光的灯泡，或LEDs，它们相互串联和/或并联。
开关装置440可以包括任何种类的开关，其可以被使用者致动以选择性地将电源430与电机控制电路401和/或照明单元控制电路402相连接。例如，开关装置可以包括连接于外壳的开关按钮(on-off button)，外壳连接到开关装置中的一个或多个开闭式开关(make-or-break switches)或电子开关(如，晶体管，三端双向可控硅开关，等)，用于将电源与电机控制电路连接以及将电源与照明单元控制电路连接。可选择的，开关装置可以包括外壳上的可变移位按钮，如扳机30或扳机330，其可变地控制传递给电机的能量数量。这种扳机可以与开闭式开关或电子开关相连，用于将电源连接到照明单元控制电路和电机控制电路，和/或与电位计或另一类型的电子开关传感器相连，所述传感器用于检测扳机的位置，并根据扳机的位置使得控制器可以控制传递给电机的能量大小。这种开关装置在本申请要求优先权的前述美国临时申请No.61/321,699进行了描述。在一种特定实施例中，开关装置440可以包括外壳上的两个开关或两个独立按钮，其与两个独立开闭式开关或电子开关相连，其中一个将电源与照明单元控制电路402连接，另外一个将电源与电机控制电路连接。当然，作为本领域技术人员可以预见的开关装置的其它类型和结构也落在本实用新型的保护范围之内。
电机控制电路401包括控制器422(例如，微处理器，开启或关闭闭合反馈电路，和/或脉宽调制(PWM)控制电路)，其用以控制向电机420传递的能量大小。控制器422根据诸如开关装置440的位置、来自电源430的能量、电机的速度、输出扭矩等的各种因素控制传递给电机的能量大小。
照明单元控制电路402包括照明单元开关406、第一电阻器R1和与电源430串联的照明单元412以及与照明单元412连接的第二电阻器R2，并且电源430与照明开关装置406和第一电阻器R1并联。电阻器R2的电阻大于电阻器R1的电阻(例如，大约是100到1000倍大)。例如，电阻器R1的电阻大约为700Ω，而电阻器R2的电阻大约为700kΩ。
照明单元开关406也与开关装置440连接，从而使得当开关装置440被触发或释放时，照明开关装置406打开或关闭。例如，照明开关装置可以包括晶体管，其中开关装置440连接于晶体管的门(gate)，从而使得只有当开关装置被触发时电流才流过所述晶体管。例如，照明开关装置406可以是NPN，PNP，nFET，pFET，三端双向可控硅开关元件(triac)，两端交流开关元件(diac)或其它类型的晶体管或电子开关，或电子机械继电开关，正如本领域技术人员所公知的那样。
当开关装置440被触发时，这使得照明单元开关406关闭并且使得电流主要流过第一电阻器R1流到照明单元412(即，最小电阻通路)。因为电阻器R1的电阻相对较小，穿过电阻器R1的损失较小，这样照明单元412以较亮的第一亮度照明。当开关装置440没有被触发时，这使得照明单元开关406打开，其使得电流仅流过电阻器R2流到照明单元412。因为电阻器R2的电阻远大于电阻器R1，流过电阻器R2的损失较大，照明单元412以相对于第一亮度更低或更暗的第二亮度照明。以这种方式，当开关装置被触发时，电动工具照明单元较亮照明，当开关装置被释放时，电动工具照明单元较暗照明。例如，照明单位的第一亮度大约是第二亮度的十倍。在一种可能的实施例中，照明单元可以是LED，其第一亮度大约为5流明而第二亮度大约为0.5流明。
图5显示了图4中控制电路运行的时序图。在t0时刻，开关装置未触发，照明单元以第二、昏暗的亮度水平照明。在t1时刻，开关装置被触发，照明单元以第一、较亮的亮度水平照明。在t2时刻，开关装置未触发，照明单元再次以第二、昏暗的亮度水平照明。
图6显示了电动工具的控制电路600的另一示例性实施例，电动工具具有电源630和开关装置640，电源630和开关装置640被配置于类似图4中电源430和开关装置440。在图6的实施例中，电源630是直流电池(例如，电池组的额定电压大约为18V，额定电流大约为2.4安培小时)，开关装置640是单级接触开关，但是应当理解的是，电源和开关装置可以具有如图4中所描述的任何实施方式。
开关装置640与具有电机620和控制器622的电机控制电路601连接，电机控制电路601配置成与图4中的电机控制电路401相同。但是应当理解的，电机控制电路601和它的元件可以具有如图4中所描述的电机控制电路401及其元件的任何实施方式。
开关也与照明单元控制电路602连接，照明单元控制电路602具有呈晶体管606(即NPN，PNP，nFET或pFET晶体管)形式的照明开关，具有较小电阻值(例如，大约700Ω)的第一电阻器，呈LED612(例如，20mA的LED)形式的照明单位和具有远大于(例如，大约大于100到1000倍)第一电阻器608(例如，大约700kΩ)的电阻的第二电阻器610，它们设置成与图4中的照明单元开关406，第一电阻器R1，照明单元412和第二电阻器R2相同且相对应。应当理解的是，照明单元控制电路602及其元件可以具有任何与图4中所描述的照明单元控制电路402及其类似元件相似的实施方式。
照明单元控制电路602与照明单元控制电路402的不同之处在于，它包括定时器604，其布置于开关装置640和晶体管606的门之间。定时器604控制晶体管606的打开和关闭，使得在开关640关闭或开关640打开后，在一段预定时间内电流流过晶体管606。当定时器604偏压晶体管606的门时，电流会主要流过第一电阻器608(最小电阻通路)和流过LED612，使得LED612可以以第一、高亮度水平(例如，大约5流明)照明。当定时器604到时，定时器不再偏压晶体管606的门，电流不再流过第一电阻器608，而仅流过第二电阻器610。通过选择使第二电阻器610的电阻足够大，只有较小的电流流过LED612因此LED612以明显低于第一亮度水平的第二亮度水平照明(例如，大约0.5流明)。
图6中显示的定时器604包括具有被编程的时钟(time)的微控制器或处理器，从而使得定时器的开始基于开关640的触发或开关640的释放或解除触发。由于开关640也可以控制控制器622的操作，定时器604可以与控制器622结合。应当理解的是，定时器604可以与连接于电源630的、不同于开关640的独立开关连接，从而使得定时器的操作可以独立于开关640。
定时器604可以包括模拟定时器电路。例如，图7A-7C显示了三个模拟定时器电路的具体实施例，其中定时器的开始基于开关装置604的释放或解解除触发，图8显示了模拟定时器电路的实施例，其中定时器的开始基于开关604的触发。图7A-7C和8中与图6中的实施例相同的部件具有相同的附图标记。这些部件包括电池630，开关装置640，LED612，较小的第一电阻器608和较大的第二电阻器610。
在图7A中，照明单元开关包括晶体管712，其具有门，当开关640关闭时该门被偏压，从而使得电流主要流过LED612和第一电阻器608，进而使得LED612以亮度较高的第一亮度水平照明。此外，电容器706在开关640关闭阶段充电。一旦开关640打开，电容器706会放电，且继续偏压晶体管712的门，从而使得LED612继续以亮度较高的第一亮度水平照明。定时器的持续时间取决于电容器706的电容值和与电容器706串联的电阻器705的电阻值，这是本领域技术人员所公知的。例如，电容器706的电容大约为1μF，电阻器705的电阻大约为2.2kΩ。一旦电容器706放电，晶体管712的门不再被偏压，电流会流过较大的第二电容器610流向LED612，电阻器610的电阻远大于电阻器608的电阻(例如，大100到1000倍)。当电流流过电阻器610时，LED612会以明显低于第一亮度水平的第二亮度水平照明。
图7B中，电路设计使得照明单元开关和开关装置640相同。当开关640被触动或关闭时，电流从电池630流向LED612，期间主要通过较小的电阻器608和开关640，绕过与开关640并联的较大的第二电阻器610，使得LED612以较高的第一亮度照明。同时，电容器714充电。当开关640打开或释放，电流从电容器714的阳极板(positive plate)流过LED612和第一电阻器608且流回电容器714的阴极板(negative plate)。电容器714具有很高的电容，从而使得当开关640打开时电容器714为LED612提供电能。定时器的持续时间取决于电容器714电容大小的选择。例如，电容器714具有大约20mF的电容。一旦电容器714放电，电流会从电池630流向LED612，期间通过较小的第一电阻器608和较大的第二电阻器610。因为电阻器610的电阻远大于电阻器608的电阻，LED会以基本上少于第一亮度水平的第二亮度水平照明。
图7C中，照明单元开关是阳极结(positive junction)或金属氧化物半导体场效应管724，其设置于LED612和电池630之间，从而使得电流总是流过晶体管724。当开关640关闭时，偏压晶体管724的门且所有的电流流过LED612和较小的第一电阻器608，从而使得LED以较亮的第一亮度水平照明，同时电容器720也进行充电。一旦开关640打开，电容器720放电。当电容器720放电时，晶体管724的门保持偏压直到电容器720被放电，这样LED持续以第一亮度水平照明。一旦电容器720放电，晶体管724在线性范围内运行(operates in a linear region)以限制电流通过其流动，从而使得电流主要通过较大的第二电阻器610流向LED612。定时器的持续时间取决于电容器720的电容大小和电阻器722的大小。例如，电容器720可以具有大约1μF的电容，电阻器722可以具有大约2.2kΩ的电阻。第二电阻器610的电阻远大于第一电阻器的电阻(例如，大于100到1000倍)，从而使得LED会以基本上少于第一亮度水平的第二亮度水平照明。
图8显示了模拟定时器电路的实施例，其定时器的开始基于开关装置640的触发，从而使得LED604以较高的第二亮度水平照明。在这个实施例中，照明单元开关是半导体闸流管820，一旦足够的电压施加到所述门，即使应用于闸门的电压被取消之后，半导体闸流管820也持续传导电流。电池630的正极接线柱通过相互串联的较小的第一电阻器608和该半导体闸流管820与LED604连接。电池630的负极接线柱通过相互并联的电容器822和较大的第二电阻器610与LED604连接。电池的正极接线柱也与半导体闸流管820的门相连。当开关装置640关闭，半导体闸流管820成为导电的，这样电流基本上流过较小的第一电阻器608，半导体闸流管820，LED604和电容器822，LED以较高的第一亮度水平照明，电流会持续流过半导体闸流管即使开关装置640打开。一旦电容器充满电(即，定时器到时)，其有效电阻达到无限，此时电流流过较小的第一电阻器608，半导体开关元件820，LED604和较大的第二电阻器610，这样以来LED现在以较低的第二亮度水平照明。
图9A显示了开关装置640和照明单元612操作示例的时序图，其中定时器的开始基于开关640的解除触发或释放，如图6和图7A-7C所示。在t0时刻，开关解除触发，LED以较低的第二亮度水平照明。在t1时刻，开关被触发，LED以较高的第一亮度水平照明。在t2时刻，开关解除触发，定时器开始以在Δt的一段时间内维持LED以较高的第一亮度水平照明。在t3时刻，定时器的持续时间Δt结束，LED回到以较低的第二亮度水平照明。
图9B显示了开关装置640和照明单元612操作示例的时序图，其中定时器的开始基于开关640的触动，如图6和图8所示。在t0时刻，开关解除触发，LED以较低的第二亮度水平照明。在t1时刻，开关被触发，LED以较高的第一亮度水平照明，定时器开始，以在Δt的一段时间内维持LED以较高的第一亮度水平照明。在t2时刻，开关解除触发，但定时器持续的Δt时间还没有到时，所以LED继续以第一亮度照明直到定时器到时。在t3时刻，定时器到时，LED以较低的第二亮度水平照明。在t4时刻，开关再次被触发，LED以较高的第一亮度水平照明，定时器再次开始持续Δt的一段时间。在t5时刻，开关仍然被触发，但是定时器的持续时间Δt以到时，所以LED回到以较低的第二亮度水平照明。在t6时刻，开关解除触发，LED继续以较低的第二亮度水平照明。
图10A显示了类似于图6中的照明单元控制电路的另外一种实施例，其中相同部件采用相同的附图标记。图10与图6的不同之处在于图6中的定时器604已经以定时器/脉宽调制(PWM)模块1004为形式的定时器和衰减器代替。在这个电路中，当开关640打开，电路流过较大的第二电阻器610流至LED612，使得LED612以较低的第二亮度水平照明(例如，大约0.5流明)。当开关640关闭时，定时器/脉宽调制(PWM)模块1004在短暂的时间内向晶体管606的门施加脉宽调制(PWM)电压，使得LED的照明亮度从第二亮度水平逐渐增加到较高的第一亮度水平(例如，5流明)。当开关640保持关闭时，定时器/脉宽调制(PWM)模块1004继续向晶体管606的门施加电压使得电流主要通过较小的第一电阻器608流向LED612，LED612继续以较高的第一亮度水平照明。当开关640打开或释放时，定时器/PWM在一段预定的时间周期内继续向晶体管606的门施加全幅电压使得所述LED在较高的第一亮度水平保持开启。当定时器到时，定时器/脉宽调制(PWM)模块1004在第二个预定时间周期内向晶体管606的门施加脉宽调制(PWM)电压，使得LED612的照明亮度从第一亮度水平逐渐减弱到第二亮度水平。正如作为本领域技术人员所公知的那样，根据定时器/PWM模块的程序设置，减弱的比例可以与时间成线性关系，或者比例可以随着时间变化。
图10B显示了图10A的照明控制电路的一个类似实施例，其中当开关触发后，该电路使得照明从第二亮度水平逐渐增加到第一亮度水平，并且在定时器到时后，照明从第一亮度水平逐渐减弱到第二亮度水平。图10B中，相同部件采用了与图10A中相同的附图标记(即，电池630，开关640，LED612，较小的第一电阻器608和较大的第二电阻器610)。LED612通过较小的第一电阻器608和较大的第二电阻器610与电池630串联连接。电路还包括晶体管1016，其门通过稳压二极管1020(例如，5.1V的稳压二极管)与开关装置640连接，和串联连接的第三电阻器1022(例如，5.1kΩ)和第四电阻器1024(例如，4kΩ)二者并联于在电池630的正极接线柱和第三和第四电阻器1022，1024之间节点的之间还包括电容器1026(例如，1000μF)和第五电阻器1028(例如，10kΩ)。
开关装置640被触发(打开)之前，电流流过较大的第二电阻器610，LED612和较小的第一电阻器608，使得LED以较低的第二亮度水平照明。当开关640被触发(打开)时，随着电容器1026的充电，施加于晶体管门的电压逐渐增大，使得流向LED612的电流逐渐转移从而基本上绕开较大的第二电阻器610，导致LED612的照明亮度逐渐增大到较高的第一亮度水平。当开关解除触发(关闭)时，电容器1026放电1012使得在预定的时间周期内保持施加到晶体管606的门的电压，从而随着电流开始流过第二电阻器610逐渐减退到第二亮度水平照明之前，LED612保持以第一亮度水平照明。
图11是时序图，其示出了开关装置和照明单元的操作示例，其中定时器的开始基于开关的解除触发或释放，照明的减弱基于定时器的到时，如图10A和图10B所示。在t0时刻，开关解除触发，LED以较低的第二亮度水平照明。在t1时刻，开关被触发，LED亮度逐渐增强直到t2时刻，此时LED以较高的第一亮度水平照明。在t3时刻，开关解除触发，定时器维持LED以较高的第一亮度水平照明持续Δt的时间直到t4时刻。在t4时刻，LED的亮度从较高第一亮度水平逐渐减弱到在t5时刻的较低第二亮度水平。
图12显示了用于电动工具的控制电路1200的另外一种实施例，电动工具包括电源1230(例如，直流电池)和开关装置1240，它们被配置为与图4中的电源430和开关装置440类似。应当明确的是，电源1230和开关装置1240可以具有其它许多实施方式，包括在图4中描述的各种方式。
开关装置1240与电机控制电路1201连接，电路具有电机1220和控制器1222，它们与图4中的电机控制电路401具有相同的配置。应当明确的是，电机控制电路1201的部件具有如图4所描述的电机控制电路401的部件的任何实施方式。
开关装置1240还与照明单元控制电路1202连接，照明单元控制电路1202具有呈晶体管1026(例如，NPN，PNP，nFET，pFET晶体管)形式的照明开关，晶体管1026在电池1230(例如，18V电池)和呈LED1212(例如，20mA LED)形式的照明单元之间串联连接，和具有远大于(例如，1000×)第一电阻器608的电阻(例如，700Ω)的第二电阻器610(例如，大约700kΩ)，它们被设置成与图4中的照明单元控制电路402中的部件相同和相对应。照明单元控制电路1202还包括设置于开关1240和晶体管1206的门之间的定时器1204。应当明确的是，照明单元控制电路602的部件具有如图4和6所描述的照明单元控制电路402和602的部件的各种实施方式。
定时器1204连接到晶体管1206的门用以控制晶体管1206的打开和关闭。当定时器1204偏压晶体管1206的门时，电流会流过LED1212，使LED1212会发亮。当开关1240打开和定时器1204到时，定时器1204不再偏压晶体管1206的门，电流不再流过LED1212，从而使LED1212停止发亮。
图12显示的定时器1204可以包括微控制器或处理器，其被编程使得定时器的开始基于开关1240的触发。定时器1204还检测开关装置1240的位置(例如，通过电位计，霍尔传感器，或者可能是单独部件的其它装置或者可能内置于定时器或开关之一中的的其它装置)，在一种实施例中，在开关没有完全释放或解除触发的情况下，每次定时器检测到开关1240的位置已经以预定的数量发生了变化时，定时器自己重新开始。在另外一种实施例中，如果定时器到时且当定时器到时但开关1240仍然被触发，定时器重新开始，不管开关是否在这一期间中已经被解除触发。因为开关1240也控制电机控制器1222的操作，定时器可以结合于电机控制器1222中。应当明确的是，定时器1204可以不与开关1240连接，而是与连接于电源1230的单独开关连接，这样使得定时器可以独立于开关1240操作。可以进一步预见的是，模拟电路可以代替微处理器。另外，电路1202可以包括如图10中描述的呈定时器/PWM模块形式的衰减器。
图13显示了图12的开关装置1240和照明单元1212操作示例的时序图，其中定时器的开始基于开关1240的触发，在开关没有释放的情况下每次开关位置发生改变所述定时器重新设置。在t0时刻，开关关闭，LED关闭。在t1时刻，开关触发到50％，LED打开，定时器打开，以在Δt的持续时间内保持LED打开。在t2时刻，定时器持续时间Δt到时之前开关解除触发，定时器继续保持LED开启。在t3时刻，开关仍然解除触发，定时器持续时间Δt到时，LED关闭。在t4时刻，开关触发到100％开启，LED打开，定时器打开在Δt的持续时间保持LED开启。在t5时刻，定时器持续时间Δt到时之前开关的位置变为75％开启，定时器的持续时间Δt重新启动，以保持LED开启。在t6时刻，定时器持续时间Δt到时之前开关位置变为50％开启，定时器的持续时间Δt重新启动，以保持LED开启。在t7时刻，定时器持续时间Δt到时之前开关解除触发，定时器继续保持LED开启。在t8时刻，定时器持续时间Δt到时，LED关闭。
图14显示了图12的开关装置1240和照明单元1212的操作示例的时序图，其中定时器的开始基于开关1240的触发，如果当定时器持续时间Δt到时开关1240仍然保持开启状态，定时器重新设置。在t0时刻，开关关闭，LED关闭。在t1时刻，开关触发到100％开启，LED开启，定时器打开，以在Δt的持续时间内保持LED打开。在t2时刻，在定时器持续时间Δt到时之前开关解除触发，定时器继续保持LED开启。在t3时刻，开关仍然解除触发，定时器持续时间Δt到时，从而LED关闭。在t4时刻，开关触发到100％开启，LED打开，定时器打开以保持LED在Δt的持续时间开启。在t5时刻，持续时间Δt到时，而开关仍然保持100％开启，从而定时器重新设置另外一个保持LED开启的持续时间Δt。在t6时刻，在定时器持续时间Δt到时之前开关位置变为50％开启，LED保持开启。在t7时刻，在定时器持续时间Δt到时之前开关位置变为25％开启，LED保持开启。在t8时刻，定时器持续时间Δt到时而开关保持25％的开启，从而定时器再一次重新设置以保持LED开启另一个Δt的持续时间。在t9时刻，在定时器持续时间Δt到时之前开关解除触发，定时器继续保持LED开启。在t10时刻，定时器持续时间Δt到时，开关关闭，从而LED关闭。
图15显示了电动工具的工具电路1500，其具有电源1230和开关装置1240，其结合了图4中的工具电路400和图12中的工具电路1200的特征。图15中的工具电路1500当开关装置触发时使得照明单元以较高的第一亮度水平照明，并且在开关装置被触发之后在一段预定的持续时间内保持照明单元以该水平照明，其中如果在开关装置没有解除触发的情况下开关装置位置发生变化和/或如果定时器持续时间到时开关装置没有被解除触发，持续时间重新设置。当定时器到时且开关装置没有被触发时，电路使得照明单元以较低的第二亮度水平照明。
电源1530和开关装置1540可以具有如图4所述的电源430和开关装置440的任何实施方式。开关1540与具有电机1520和控制器1522的电机控制电路1501连接，其具有图4中的电机控制电路401相同的配置方式。应当明确的是，电机控制电路1501的部件具有如图4所描述的电机控制电路401的部件的任何实施方式。
开关装置1540也与照明单元控制电路1502连接，电路具有照明开关(例如，晶体管)1506，具有较小电阻(例如，大约700Ω)的第一电阻器1508，照明单元(例如，LED)1502和具有远大于(例如，100到1000倍大)第一电阻器1508的电阻(例如，大约700k Ω)的第二电阻器1510，它们设置成与图4中的照明单元控制电路402中的部件相同和相对应。应当明确的是，照明单元控制电路1502的这些部件可以具有如图4所描述的照明单元控制电路402的部件的任何实施方式。
照明单元控制电路1502还包括设置于开关装置640和照明单元开关1506的门之间的定时器1504。定时器1504控制照明单元开关1506的开启和关闭，使得在开关1540被触动后的一段预定的时间内电流流过照明单元开关1506。当定时器1504偏压照明单元开关1506的门时，电流会主要流过第一电阻器1508(电阻最小的路径)和照明单元1512，使得照明单元1512以较强的第一亮度水平照明。当定时器1504到时，定时器不在偏压照明单元开关1506的门，电流不在流过第一电阻器1508，但会是转而仅仅流过第二电阻器1510。通过选择足够大的第二电阻器1510的电阻(例如，大于第一电阻器1508大约100到1000倍)，仅仅有很小的电流流过照明单元1512，因此照明单元1512以明显低于第一亮度水平的第二亮度水平照明。
图15显示的定时器1504可以包括微控制器或处理器，其被编程从而使得定时器的开始基于开关1540的触动。定时器1504还检测开关装置1540的位置(例如，通过电位计，霍尔传感器，或者可以是单独部件或者可以内置于定时器或开关之一的其它装置)，在一种实施例中，在开关没有完全释放或解除触发的情况下，每次定时器检测到开关1540的位置以预定数量发生变化，定时器自己重新开始。在另外一种实施例中，如果定时器到时且当定时器到时但开关1540仍然被触发，定时器从新开始，不管开关是否在这一期间中已经被解除触发。因为开关1540也控制电机控制器1522的操作，定时器可以与电机控制器1522结合。应当明确的是，定时器1504可以不与开关1540连接，而是与连接于电源1530的单独开关连接，这样使得定时器可以独立于开关1540操作。可以进一步预见的是，模拟电路可以代替微处理器。另外，电路1502可以包括如图10中描述的呈定时器/PWM模块形式的衰减器。
图16显示了图15的开关装置1540和照明单元1512的操作示例的时序图，其中定时器的开始基于开关1540的触发，每次在开关没有释放的情况下开关位置发生改变定时器重新设置。在t0时刻，开关关闭，照明单元处于较低的亮度。在t1时刻，开关触发到50％，照明单元处于较高的亮度，定时器打开，以在Δt的持续时间内保持照明单元处于较高的亮度。在t2时刻，在定时器持续时间Δt到时之前开关解除触发，定时器继续保持照明单元处于较高的亮度。在t3时刻，开关仍然解除触发，定时器持续时间Δt到时，照明单元转变为较低的亮度。在t4时刻，开关触发到100％开启，照明单元转变为较高的亮度，定时器打开以在Δt的持续时间内保持照明单元处于较高的亮度。在t5时刻，在定时器持续时间Δt到时之前开关的位置变为75％开启，定时器的持续时间Δt重新启动，以保持照明单元处于较高的亮度。在t6时刻，在定时器持续时间Δt到时之前开关位置变为50％开启，定时器的持续时间Δt重新启动以保持照明单元处于较高的亮度。在t7时刻，在定时器持续时间Δt到时之前开关解除触发，定时器继续保持照明单元处于较高的亮度。在t8时刻，定时器持续时间Δt到时，照明单元处于较低的亮度。
图14显示了图12的开关装置1540和照明单元1512的操作示例的时序图，其中定时器的开始基于开关1540的触发，如果当定时器持续时间Δt到时开关1540保持开启状态，定时器重新设置。在t0时刻，开关关闭，照明单元处于较低的亮度。在t1时刻，开关触发到100％开启，照明单元切换到高亮度，定时器打开，以在Δt的持续时间内保持照明单元处于较高的亮度。在t2时刻，在定时器持续时间Δt到时之前开关解除触发，定时器继续保持照明单元处于较高的亮度。在t3时刻，开关仍然解除触发，定时器持续时间Δt到时，从而使照明单元切换到低亮度。在t4时刻，开关触发100％开启，照明单元转变为高亮度，定时器打开，以在Δt的持续时间内保持照明单元处于高亮度。在t5时刻，定时器持续时间Δt到时，而开关保持100％开启，从而定时器重新设置另外一个保持照明单元处于高亮度的持续时间Δt。在t6时刻，在定时器持续时间Δt到时之前开关位置变为50％开启，照明单元处于高亮度。在t7时刻，在定时器持续时间Δt到时之前开关位置变为25％开启，照明单元处于高亮度。在t8时刻，定时器持续时间Δt到时而开关保持25％开启，从而定时器重新设置以继续在另一个持续时间Δt内保持照明单元处于高亮度。在t9时刻，在定时器持续时间Δt到时之前开关解除触发，定时器继续保持照明单元处于高亮度。在t10时刻，定时器持续时间Δt到时，同时开关关闭，照明单元切换到低亮度。
可以对上述具体的实施例进行多种修改。这些或其他实施方式都落入本申请的权利要求的范围之内。

Claims (20)

1.一种电动工具，其特征在于包括：
能与电源连接的外壳；
电机，设置于外壳内并通过配置成控制电机输出速度的电机控制电路与电源连接；
与外壳连接的照明单元，其被配置为照亮工作面，并且通过配置为控制照明单元的照明的照明单元控制电路与电源连接；
与外壳连接的开关装置，该开关装置通过使用者选择性地操作以控制电机控制电路和照明单元控制电路的运行；
其中当开关装置被触发时，照明单元控制电路使得照明单元以第一亮度水平照明，当开关装置被释放时以第二亮度水平照明，其中第二亮度水平低于第一亮度水平。
2.如权利要求1所述的电动工具，其特征在于：所述照明单元控制电路还包括在电源和照明单元之间并联的第一电阻器和第二电阻器，第二电阻器的电阻大于第一电阻器的电阻，其中当开关装置被触发时允许电流流过第一电阻器，当开关装置被释放时阻止电流流过第一电阻器。
3.如权利要求2所述的电动工具，其特征在于：所述第二电阻器的电阻至少约为所述第一电阻的电阻的100倍。
4.如权利要求2所述的电动工具，其特征在于：所述照明单元控制电路还包括照明单元开关，当开关装置被触发时，照明单元开关关闭使得电流流过第一电阻器，当开关装置被释放时，照明单元开关打开以阻止电流流过第一电阻器。
5.如权利要求4所述的电动工具，其特征在于：所述照明单元开关包括电子开关或电子机械开关，其通过触发开关装置被关闭。
6.如权利要求4所述的电动工具，其特征在于：所述照明单元控制电路还包括定时器，其被配置为在开关装置触发或释放后的一段预定时间内使得照明单元开关保持关闭。
7.如权利要求6所述的电动工具，其特征在于：该定时器包括微处理器、数字定时器电路或模拟定时器电路其中之一。 
8.如权利要求1所述的电动工具，其特征在于：所述照明单元控制电路包括衰减器，其使得照明单元在第一亮度水平和第二亮度水平之间逐渐减弱。
9.一种电动工具，其特征在于包括：
能与电源连接的外壳；
电机，其设置于外壳内并通过配置为控制电机输出速度的电机控制电路与电源连接；
与外壳连接的照明单元，其被配置为照亮工作面，并且通过配置为控制照明单元的照明的照明单元控制电路与电源连接；
与外壳连接的开关装置，该开关装置通过使用者选择性地操作以控制电机控制电路和照明单元控制电路的运行；
其中照明单元控制电路包括定时器，其被配置为当开关装置被触发时使得照明单元以第一亮度水平照明，并使得照明单元在扳机被触发后的预定时间周期内保持第一亮度水平，其中如果在预定时间周期结束之前开关装置没有被解除触发，所述预定时间周期会重新启动。
10.如权利要求9所述的电动工具，其特征在于：所述照明单元控制电路包括与开关装置和定时器连接的照明单元开关，从而当开关装置触发时，照明单元开关关闭使得电流流向照明单元，当超过预定时间周期时，照明单元开关打开，以阻止电流流向照明单元。
11.如权利要求10所述的电动工具，其特征在于：所述照明单元开关包括电子开关或电子机械开关，其通过触发开关装置关闭。
12.如权利要求10所述的电动工具，其特征在于：定时器被配置为在所述开关装置触发后的预定时间段内，使得照明单元开关保持关闭。
13.如权利要求12所述的电动工具，其特征在于：定时器包括微处理器、数字定时器电路或模拟定时器电路其中之一。
14.如权利要求12所述的电动工具，其特征在于：所述照明单元控制电路包括衰减器，其使得照明单元在第一亮度水平和第二亮度水平之间逐渐减弱。
15.如权利要求9所述的电动工具，其特征在于：当开关装置被解除触发并且预定时间周期到时，所述照明单元控制电路使得照明单元以低于 第一亮度水平的第二亮度水平照明。
16.如权利要求15所述的电动工具，其特征在于：所述照明单元控制电路还包括在所述电源和所述照明单元之间并联的第一电阻器和第二电阻器，第二电阻器的电阻大于第一电阻器的电阻，当开关装置被触发时允许电流流过第一电阻器，当开关装置被释放时电流被阻止流过第一电阻器。
17.如权利要求16所述的电动工具，其特征在于：所述第二电阻器的电阻大约至少是所述第一电阻器的电阻的100倍。
18.如权利要求15所述的电动工具，其特征在于：所述照明单元控制电路还包括照明单元开关，当开关装置触发时，照明单元开关关闭使得电流流过第一电阻器，当开关装置释放并且预定时间周期到时，照明单元开关打开以阻止电流流过第一电阻器。
19.如权利要求9所述的电动工具，其特征在于：所述开关装置包括相对于所述外壳移动的板机，所述定时器检测所述板机的位置，在板机没有被解除触发的情况下当板机位置发生变化时，所述定时器使得预定时间周期重新启动。
20.一种电动工具，其特征在于包括：
能与电源连接的外壳；
连接于外壳的工具保持器；
电机，其设置于外壳内并通过电机控制电路与电源连接，所述电机控制电路包括被配置为控制电机输出速度的微处理器；
连接所述电机和所述工具保持器的传动装置，这样电机的转动使得工具保持器转动；
与外壳连接的照明单元，其被配置为照亮工作面，并且通过照明单元控制电路与电源连接，所述照明单元控制电路包括在所述电源和所述照明单元之间并联的第一电阻器和第二电阻器，第二电阻器的电阻大于第一电阻器的电阻，晶体管与第一电阻器和照明单元串联，定时器与所述晶体管的门连接；
与所述外壳，所述电机控制电路和所述照明单元控制电路连接的扳机，所述板机通过使用者选择性的操作以控制电机控制电路和照明单元控制电路的操作； 
其中当扳机触发时，所述电机被微处理器致动，所述照明单元以第一亮度水平照明，并在所述开关装置触发后的一段预定时间周期内保持以第一亮度水平照明，其中如果预定时间周期结束扳机保持触发状态，所述预定时间周期重新启动，当扳机被释放，电机通过微处理器解除触发，在预定时间周期到时后，照明单元会以低于第一亮度水平的第二亮度水平照明。 
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