WO2010079778A1 - 未発酵のビール風味麦芽飲料の風味の改善 - Google Patents
未発酵のビール風味麦芽飲料の風味の改善 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010079778A1 WO2010079778A1 PCT/JP2010/050027 JP2010050027W WO2010079778A1 WO 2010079778 A1 WO2010079778 A1 WO 2010079778A1 JP 2010050027 W JP2010050027 W JP 2010050027W WO 2010079778 A1 WO2010079778 A1 WO 2010079778A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- flavor
- concentration
- linalool
- malt beverage
- acetaldehyde
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
- A23L2/38—Other non-alcoholic beverages
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
- A23L2/52—Adding ingredients
- A23L2/56—Flavouring or bittering agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L27/00—Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L27/20—Synthetic spices, flavouring agents or condiments
- A23L27/202—Aliphatic compounds
- A23L27/2024—Aliphatic compounds having oxygen as the only hetero atom
- A23L27/2026—Hydroxy compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L27/00—Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L27/20—Synthetic spices, flavouring agents or condiments
- A23L27/202—Aliphatic compounds
- A23L27/2024—Aliphatic compounds having oxygen as the only hetero atom
- A23L27/2028—Carboxy compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L27/00—Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L27/84—Flavour masking or reducing agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L7/00—Cereal-derived products; Malt products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L7/20—Malt products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12C—BEER; PREPARATION OF BEER BY FERMENTATION; PREPARATION OF MALT FOR MAKING BEER; PREPARATION OF HOPS FOR MAKING BEER
- C12C5/00—Other raw materials for the preparation of beer
- C12C5/02—Additives for beer
- C12C5/026—Beer flavouring preparations
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12G—WINE; PREPARATION THEREOF; ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; PREPARATION OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES C12C OR C12H
- C12G3/00—Preparation of other alcoholic beverages
- C12G3/04—Preparation of other alcoholic beverages by mixing, e.g. for preparation of liqueurs
- C12G3/06—Preparation of other alcoholic beverages by mixing, e.g. for preparation of liqueurs with flavouring ingredients
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an improvement in flavor of an unfermented beer-flavored malt beverage. More particularly, the present invention provides an unfermented beer-flavored malt beverage comprising improving or imparting a well-balanced fermentation flavor (fermentation feeling) to an unfermented beer-flavored malt beverage.
- the present invention relates to a method, a flavor-improved unfermented beer-flavored malt beverage obtained thereby, and a flavor-improving agent.
- the unfermented wort has a unique flavor (wort flavor) and is generally used for drinking. Not suitable.
- this wort flavor is not directly served as a drink except in cases where it is drunk as a hot spring, since it also becomes a return scent when it is drunk and adversely affects its taste.
- Wort flavor is derived from aldehydes generated by the wort charging process, particularly by thermal decomposition in boiling, and is known as a causative substance such as candy-like odor and grain-like odor. These aldehydes are metabolized by yeast in a fermentation process if they are ordinary beers, and are drastically reduced.
- the fermentation treatment with yeast is an important process for obtaining a beer-flavored beverage from the viewpoint of reducing wort flavor and imparting a fermentation flavor. It is difficult to make the alcohol produced completely zero.
- JP-A-62-272965, JP-A-4-45777, and International Publication No. WO2004 / 018612 disclose specific substances for imparting beer flavor to diluted beer and low-alcohol malt beverages. A method of adding is disclosed.
- JP 2003-250503 A discloses a beer-flavored carbonated beverage obtained by adding a malt extract and a saccharide.
- a malt extract is used for flavoring, and a beer-flavored malt beverage mainly composed of unfermented wort having a fermentation feeling peculiar to beer is provided by the present invention.
- the people know it has never been known.
- Japanese Patent Publication No. 2001-520876 (WO99 / 21956) adds hop aroma component rose oxide and / or 1,5-octadien-3-one as a method for improving the flavor of fermented beverages containing beer. It has been proposed. However, what is considered here is an improvement in bitterness characteristic of hop aroma in a fermented beverage, which is different from the fermentation feeling intended by the present inventors.
- Linalool is also contained in hop essential oil.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-194590 discloses a food and drink with a relaxing effect containing R-type linalool.
- JP-A-62-024851 discloses a method of adding phenylacetaldehyde to a favorite beverage such as coffee or tea to improve the aroma.
- a favorite beverage such as coffee or tea
- these documents do not describe anything about fermentation feeling peculiar to beer and its improvement.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing an unfermented beer-flavored malt beverage with improved flavor, which includes imparting and enhancing a well-balanced fermented flavor to an unfermented beer-flavored malt beverage to improve the flavor of the beverage,
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide a malt beverage with improved flavor and a flavor improver obtained by the above method.
- the present inventors recently added linalool and acetaldehyde to a malt beverage obtained from unfermented wort so that the linalool concentration and acetaldehyde concentration in the beverage are within a predetermined range, thereby improving the beer flavor. It was unexpectedly successful to have a well-balanced fermentation feeling (fermentation flavor). As described above, although linalool is a hop essential oil-containing component and is known to have a relaxing effect, the relationship with the fermentation flavor has not necessarily been recognized. Acetaldehyde is a component contained in beer-like products, and it was thought that odor should be avoided as much as possible.
- an unfermented beer-flavored malt beverage produced from wort without undergoing a fermentation process an excellent beer-like fermentation with a good balance It was surprising to the inventors that they were able to feel and improve.
- the unfermented malt beverage thus obtained has an unfermented malt beverage that has a rich fermentation and has a flavor and taste closer to beer.
- the amount of hop-derived linalool in the beverage as a product was successfully adjusted by adjusting the amount of hops added to the wort and the timing of the addition.
- the present invention is based on these findings.
- the method for producing an unfermented beer-flavored malt beverage according to the present invention is characterized by imparting or enhancing a fermented flavor to a beverage by adjusting the concentration of linalool and the concentration of acetaldehyde in the malt beverage to be improved in flavor.
- the method for producing an unfermented beer-flavored malt beverage according to the present invention is characterized by adding or enhancing fermentation flavor to a beverage by adding linalool and acetaldehyde to the malt beverage to be improved in flavor.
- linalool and acetaldehyde are added to the malt beverage to be improved in flavor so that the concentrations of linalool and acetaldehyde in the resulting malt beverage are effective in improving the flavor, respectively. Comprising that.
- the concentration of linalool in the resulting malt beverage is 1 to 125 ⁇ g / L and the concentration of acetaldehyde is 1 to 50 mg / L. Adjusting the concentration of linalool and the concentration of acetaldehyde.
- the production method according to the present invention more preferably improves the flavor of linalool and acetaldehyde so that the concentration of linalool in the resulting malt beverage is 1 to 125 ⁇ g / L and the concentration of acetaldehyde is 1 to 50 mg / L. Adding to the malt beverage to be tried.
- linalool and acetaldehyde are added so that the respective concentrations of linalool and acetaldehyde in the resulting malt beverage satisfy the following relational expression (A): Adding to the malt beverage to be flavor-improved: 150Ln ⁇ ⁇ A + 10 and 1000Ln ⁇ ⁇ 3A + 150 (A) [In the above formula, Ln means linalool concentration (mg / L) (Ln> 0) in the malt beverage, and A means acetaldehyde concentration (mg / L) (A> 0) in the malt beverage].
- linalool is used so that the concentration of linalool in the resulting malt beverage is 11 to 13 ⁇ g / L and the concentration of acetaldehyde is 9 to 11 mg / L. Adding acetaldehyde to the malt beverage to be flavor-improved.
- the production method according to the present invention comprises a hop-derived linalool by adjusting the amount and timing of addition of hops to wort in the preparation process of wort used in malt beverages. After adjusting the amount, it further includes adjusting the linalool concentration of the malt beverage to be improved in flavor by adding linalool to the malt beverage as necessary.
- the malt beverage to be improved in flavor is obtained by reducing wort flavor from unfermented wort.
- an unfermented beer-flavored malt beverage produced by the production method according to the present invention is provided.
- a flavor improving agent for imparting a fermented flavor to a beer-flavored malt beverage comprising linalool and acetaldehyde.
- the malt beverage is an unfermented malt beverage obtained by reducing wort flavor from unfermented wort.
- the flavor of an unfermented malt drink obtained from wort that has not undergone fermentation with yeast is improved to have a rich and excellent fermented taste and a flavor and taste that is closer to beer. It becomes possible to make a delicious unfermented malt beverage. Since the beverage obtained by improving the flavor according to the present invention contains virtually no alcohol, it is fundamentally different from the low-alcohol beer-flavored beverages that have been commercially available, and there is no problem in terms of traffic regulations. Can be drunk when driving. In addition, from the viewpoint of proper drinking, psychological satisfaction of drinking beer can be obtained without drunkness. It can also be expected to reduce the health damage caused by the intake.
- malt beverage means a beverage mainly composed of wort and includes a malt soft drink to which a refreshing feeling is imparted by carbon dioxide gas or the like.
- fermented flavor refers to a flavor unique to fermented beverages possessed by beer-flavored beverages as a result of fermentation treatment with yeast or the like of wort. The presence of this fermented flavor affects the flavor and flavor of beer-flavored malt beverages. Beverages that have a beer-like fermented flavor provide consumers with a beer or similar taste and rich flavor. obtain.
- beer flavor refers to a taste and aroma peculiar to beer obtained when beer is normally produced, that is, when beer is produced based on fermentation by yeast or the like.
- malt beverage to be improved in flavor is a beverage mainly composed of wort that has not undergone fermentation treatment with yeast or the like, and lacks beer-like fermentation flavor or improves fermentation flavor.
- the “malt beverage to be improved in flavor” is mainly composed of unfermented wort, the unfermented malt beverage obtained by improving the flavor is derived from fermentation. Contains no alcohol component.
- “improvement of flavor” includes adding fermentation flavor to a beverage having no fermentation flavor or hardly felt, and in beverages that have a weak or insufficient fermentation flavor. It is also included to improve the balance of flavor by various flavors, fragrances and the like contained in the taste, while improving the flavor balance.
- “fully alcohol-free” means that no alcohol is contained, that is, the alcohol content is 0% by weight.
- “Linalool” is a kind of monoterpene alcohol, and is generally known as a kind of perfume that is known to have a lily of the valley, lavender, or bergamot-like fragrance. In beer production, it is known to be contained in hop essential oils obtained from hops used in production. Therefore, it can be obtained by extracting from these plants. It is also known that it can be industrially synthesized using, for example, pinene, acetylene and acetone, isoprene as starting materials. In the present invention, commercially available linalool can be used if necessary.
- wort flavor means a flavor (fragrance) peculiar to unfermented wort.
- an unpleasant flavor such as a candy-like odor or a grain-like odor generated by thermal decomposition upon boiling of wort (referred to as “unpleasant wort flavor” in this specification)
- These odors are considered to be derived from various aldehydes such as phenylacetaldehyde, methional, and furfural.
- the concentration of linalool and acetaldehyde in wort or beverage can be measured by a known method. For example, it can be measured using a headspace gas chromatograph with an FID detector if the concentration is acetaldehyde, such as GC / MS if the concentration is linalool.
- a headspace gas chromatograph with an FID detector if the concentration is acetaldehyde, such as GC / MS if the concentration is linalool.
- GC / MS is a commercially available apparatus, it can be used without a problem. More specifically, for example, it can be measured by the measurement methods described in the examples described later.
- an unfermented beer-flavored malt beverage characterized in that by adding linalool and acetaldehyde to a malt beverage to be improved in flavor, the beverage is imparted or enhanced with a fermented flavor.
- a manufacturing method is provided.
- an unfermented beer-flavored malt is characterized in that the fermentation flavor is imparted to or enhanced by adding linalool and acetaldehyde to the malt beverage to be improved in flavor.
- a method for improving beverage flavor is provided.
- the malt beverage to be improved in flavor is derived from unfermented wort that does not undergo fermentation treatment, and is obtained by further reducing wort flavor as necessary. More specifically, the malt beverage to be improved in flavor is prepared by preparing wort, if necessary, applying wort to wort flavor reduction treatment to reduce flavor, and filtering the obtained wort. Can be manufactured.
- the process of reducing wort flavor is not essential but an arbitrary process. Therefore, the method according to the present invention can also be applied to wort-derived beverages that are not subjected to such reduction treatment.
- the wort flavor can be reduced and the effect of enhancing the feeling of fermentation can be obtained.
- the reason why such a wort flavor reduction effect can also be expected is considered to be that the effect of improving the balance of flavor including a feeling of fermentation is obtained by the present invention.
- the preparation process of the wort-derived malt beverage will be specifically described in the order of preparation of wort, optional wort flavor reduction treatment, and filtration of the malt beverage.
- wort can be prepared according to a conventional method. For example, (a) a step of obtaining a wort by saccharifying and filtering a mixture of malt and water, and (b) obtaining the wort. After adding hops, it can be obtained by boiling, (c) cooling the boiled wort.
- the malted product may be any barley, for example, Nijo barley, germinated by a conventional method, dried, and then pulverized to a predetermined particle size.
- An auxiliary material may be added to the mixture of the malt pulverized product and water.
- the auxiliary raw material include rice, corn starch, corn grits, sugars (for example, liquid sugars such as fructose-glucose liquid sugar), dietary fibers, and the like.
- the auxiliary material is a saccharide
- the wort may be added after saccharification or filtration. Further, the total amount of water may be mixed with the malt pulverized product, or a part thereof may be mixed with the malt pulverized product, and the remainder may be added to the saccharified wort in whole or in part.
- the ratio of the pulverized malt, the auxiliary material and the water constituting the wort can be appropriately determined.
- the proportion of the malt pulverized product, the auxiliary raw material and water constituting the wort can be determined as appropriate, but the sugar content of the wort obtained after the step (c) is 3 to 20%, preferably 7 to 14%. You may determine the ratio of malt ground material, an auxiliary material, and water so that it may become.
- the ratio of the malt pulverized product, the auxiliary material and water is, for example, 0 to 100 parts by weight of the auxiliary material, 400 to 2000 parts by weight of water, preferably 0 to 30 parts by weight of the auxiliary material, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the pulverized malt
- the amount can be 600 to 1300 parts by weight of water.
- the ratio of the malt pulverized product, the auxiliary raw material and the water is, for example, 10 to 40 parts by weight of the auxiliary raw material and 800 to 800
- the amount may be 1500 parts by weight, preferably 20 to 30 parts by weight of auxiliary materials and 1000 to 1200 parts by weight of water.
- the weight ratio (solid content) of fructose-glucose liquid sugar and dietary fiber can be 1: 0.1-10.
- the saccharification and filtration of the above mixture can be carried out according to a conventional method.
- step (b) after adding hops to the wort obtained in (a), the flavor and aroma of hops can be boiled by boiling. After boiling, soot such as protein produced by precipitation may be removed.
- the amount of hops added to the wort is For example, it can be about 0.01 to 0.5% by weight.
- step (c) the boiled wort is cooled.
- This cooling is desirably performed at a temperature as low as possible so that the wort does not freeze, usually 1 to 5 ° C.
- additives such as pigments, foaming / foaming improvers may be added to the wort. These additives may be added before saccharification of wort or after saccharification or filtration of wort.
- the concentration of linalool and acetaldehyde (preferably addition of linalool and acetaldehyde) of the method according to the present invention may be performed at this stage, or the addition thereof may be partially performed here. good.
- the amount of linalool derived from hops in the obtained wort is adjusted by adjusting the time after adding hops to the wort and adjusting the amount of hops added in the step (b). Can be adjusted. If the amount of hops to be added is the same, the longer the boiling time after adding hops to the wort, the higher the concentration of linalool tends to be, The concentration tends to be highest. Therefore, in the present invention, when adjusting the concentration of linalool in the beverage, by adjusting the boiling time of the wort after the addition of hops, it can be brought close to the linalool concentration of the target beverage, and is not sufficient for the target concentration In some cases, linalool may be added if necessary.
- the concentration of linalool in the product beverage can also be adjusted by adding hop essential oil (hop extract) to wort. Furthermore, it can also be set as the linalool density
- hop essential oil hop extract
- wort flavor in the wort can be appropriately reduced by subjecting the wort thus prepared to a wort flavor reduction treatment as necessary.
- a method for reducing wort flavor in wort is not particularly limited as long as the flavor can be removed or reduced from wort. For example, bubbling during fermentation as proposed in JP-A-2005-013142 Thus, the flavor can be removed or reduced, and the wort flavor may be adsorbed and removed or reduced by various adsorbents.
- the wort with reduced wort flavor can be filtered to remove unnecessary proteins and adsorbents.
- filtration can be performed according to a conventional method, it can be preferably performed using a diatomaceous earth filter.
- deaerated water can be added in advance to adjust the sugar content after dilution to 3 to 8%.
- the processes performed in the production of normal beer or sparkling liquor for example, adjustment of the final concentration with degassed water, carbon dioxide sealing, pasteurization, containers (eg barrels, bottles, cans) ) Filling (packaging), container labeling, and the like can be appropriately performed.
- the addition when adding linalool and acetaldehyde, the addition is after the preparation of the wort described above and before the final process such as product sterilization and packaging, at any stage. It can be carried out.
- the addition may be performed after the wort flavor reduction treatment step, which is an optional step, and before the final step such as product packaging.
- linalool when adding linalool, linalool can be dissolved in a solvent in advance and added to the target wort.
- a solvent for dissolving linalool a solvent other than ethanol and not harmful to a human body or the like that can be added to a beverage is selected. Examples of such a solvent include propylene glycol.
- the method according to the present invention attempts to improve the flavor of linalool and acetaldehyde so that the concentrations of linalool and acetaldehyde in the resulting malt beverage are effective for improving the flavor, respectively. Adding to the malt beverage.
- the concentration effective for flavor improvement refers to the range of linalool concentration and acetaldehyde concentration in a malt beverage to which an appropriate fermentation flavor has been imparted when the flavor is improved. For example, it is possible to easily determine whether or not they are in the concentration range by sensory evaluation of examples described later.
- linalool and acetaldehyde are added to the malt beverage to be improved in flavor as necessary so that the malt beverage has a concentration effective for improving the flavor.
- the concentration of linalool in the resulting malt beverage is 0.8 to 150 ⁇ g / L (or ppb), and the concentration of acetaldehyde is 0.8 to 60 mg / L (or ppm). ).
- the concentration of linalool in the resulting malt beverage is 1 to 125 ⁇ g / L (or ppb), and the concentration of acetaldehyde is 1 to 50 mg / L (or ppm). is there.
- the concentration of linalool and acetaldehyde in the malt beverage to be obtained is a concentration effective for flavor improvement
- the concentration of linalool is 1 to 125 ⁇ g / L (or ppb)
- the concentration of acetaldehyde is 1 to 50 mg / liter. It is a concentration selected from L (or ppm).
- the concentration of linalool effective in improving the flavor is 1-120 ⁇ g / L, preferably 1-100 ⁇ g / L, more preferably 1-72 ⁇ g / L, Preferably 1 to 60 ⁇ g / L, even more preferably 1 to 50 ⁇ g / L, even more preferably 1 to 43.2 ⁇ g / L, still more preferably 1 to 36 ⁇ g / L, and still more preferably 1.6 to 36 ⁇ g / L, even more preferably 2 to 36 ⁇ g / L, even more preferably 2 to 30 ⁇ g / L, or 4.8 to 36 ⁇ g / L, even more preferably 6 to 30 ⁇ g / L, more preferably 6.4 to 21.6 ⁇ g / L, even more preferably 8 to 18 ⁇ g / L, and even more preferably 9.6 -18 ⁇ g / L, even more preferably 9.6-15 ⁇ g / L, particularly preferably 9.6-14.4 ⁇ g /
- the concentration of acetaldehyde effective for flavor improvement is 1.6 to 48 mg / L, preferably 2 to 48 mg / L, more preferably 2 to 40 mg / L, and further preferably 3 to 48 mg / L.
- 40 mg / L even more preferably 4 to 36 mg / L, more preferably 4 to 30 mg / L, even more preferably 5 to 30 mg / L, and even more preferably 5 to 25 mg / L.
- the concentration effective for flavor improvement in the present invention is selected from a combination of such a range of linalool concentration and a range of acetaldehyde concentration.
- the acetaldehyde concentration is 4 to 60 mg / L, and When the linalool concentration is 48 to 150 ⁇ g / L, the acetaldehyde concentration is 0.8 to 60 mg / L. Even more preferably, The acetaldehyde concentration is 5-50 mg / L when the linalool concentration is 1-60 ⁇ g / L, and When the linalool concentration is 60 to 120 ⁇ g / L, the acetaldehyde concentration is 1 to 50 mg / L.
- the acetaldehyde concentration is 5 to 25 mg / L when the linalool concentration is 1 to 60 ⁇ g / L, and When the linalool concentration is 60 to 120 ⁇ g / L, the acetaldehyde concentration is 1 to 25 mg / L.
- the method according to the present invention comprises adjusting the respective concentrations of linalool and acetaldehyde in the resulting malt beverage so as to satisfy the above-mentioned relational expression (A). It becomes.
- the former of these relational expressions was calculated based on the case of linalool concentration of 60 ⁇ m / L and acetaldehyde concentration of 1 mg / L and the case of linalool concentration of 0 ⁇ m / L and acetaldehyde concentration of 10 mg / L in Examples described later.
- the latter formula was calculated based on the case of the linalool concentration of 120 ⁇ m / L and the acetaldehyde concentration of 12 mg / L and the case of the linalool concentration of 0 ⁇ m / L and the acetaldehyde concentration of 60 mg / L in the examples described later. is there.
- the latter formula can preferably be 1000 Ln ⁇ 3A + 150.
- the linalool concentration is 6-30 ⁇ g / L and the acetaldehyde concentration is 5-25 mg / L, more preferably the linalool concentration is 9.6- 18 ⁇ g / L and acetaldehyde concentration of 8 to 15 mg / L, even more preferably linalool concentration of 9 to 11 ⁇ g / L and acetaldehyde concentration of 9 to 11 mg / L, most preferably linalool concentration of 12 ⁇ g / L and the acetaldehyde concentration is 10 mg / L.
- an unfermented beer-flavored malt beverage produced by improving the fermentation flavor by the method according to the present invention is provided.
- a flavor improving agent for imparting a fermented flavor to a beer-flavored malt beverage comprising linalool and acetaldehyde.
- the malt beverage is an unfermented malt beverage obtained by reducing wort flavor from unfermented wort. More preferably, linalool and acetaldehyde are contained in such an amount that each has a concentration effective for improving flavor in the malt beverage to be improved in flavor.
- Example 1 Preparation of Alcohol-Free Malt Beverage (1) Preparation of Wort 700 kg of hot water was added to and mixed with 200 kg of malt pulverized product, and saccharified at 50 to 76 ° C. After completion of the saccharification step, this was filtered in a wort filtration tank to obtain transparent wort as the filtrate. The obtained wort was transferred to a boiling kettle, and 80 kg (converted to solid content) of an auxiliary material mainly composed of liquid sugar was added thereto, and 1 kg of hop was further added, followed by boiling at 100 ° C. The boiled wort was placed in a whirlpool tank to remove wrinkles such as protein produced by precipitation.
- Example 2 Improvement of flavor A malt beverage was obtained as in Example 1, and linalool and acetaldehyde at the following concentrations were added and dissolved therein to prepare samples. Linalool concentration: 0, 1.2, 12, 120 ⁇ m / L; Acetaldehyde concentration: 0, 1, 10, 50, 100 mg / L.
- the case where the evaluation is “3” is considered to be a moderate fermentation feeling.
- the case where the linalool concentration is 12 ⁇ g / L and the acetaldehyde concentration is 10 mg / L is the most balanced in the fermentation feeling. Excellent and desirable.
- the concentration of linalool can also be minimized from the viewpoint of obtaining a desirable feeling of fermentation, which is also desirable from this viewpoint.
- Example 3 Measured concentration of linalool and acetaldehyde in malt beverage A malt beverage was obtained as in Example 1, and linalool and acetaldehyde at the following concentrations were added and dissolved therein to prepare samples. Next, actual values of acetaldehyde concentration and linalool concentration in each sample were measured according to the following measuring methods.
- the gas chromatograph measurement conditions were as follows. Column: DB-1 (Agilent Technologies), length 30m, Inner diameter 0.32mm, film thickness 5 ⁇ m Injector temperature: 200 ° C Detector: FID (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) Detector temperature: 200 ° C Column temperature: 40 ° C. 3 min, 4 ° C./min, 90 ° C. 0 min, 20 ° C./min, 180 ° C. 2min Carrier gas: helium gas (50cm / sec)
- Example 4 In “(1) Preparation of wort” in Example 1, wort samples were obtained in which the amount of hops added and the boiling time after the addition of hops were as shown in Table 4 below. The linalool concentration was measured. Further, in the case of a hop addition amount of 1 g / L and a boiling time of 5 minutes, the hop essential oil (hop extract) of each concentration as shown in Table 4 (hop essential oil fraction obtained by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction method) (Hops and Hop Products the EBC Technology and Engineering Forum Nurnberg, p107-118, 1997)) was also prepared, and the linalool concentration was measured in the same manner.
- hop essential oil hop extract
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Abstract
Description
しかしながらこれら文献には、ビール類特有の発酵感とその改善については何ら記載されていない。
150Ln≧-A+10、および、1000Ln≦-3A+150・・・(A)
[上記式中、
Lnは麦芽飲料中におけるリナロール濃度(mg/L)(Ln>0)を意味し、かつ
Aは麦芽飲料中におけるアセトアルデヒド濃度(mg/L)(A>0)を意味する]。
本発明において「麦芽飲料」とは、麦汁を主体とする飲料を意味し、炭酸ガス等により清涼感が付与された麦芽清涼飲料も含まれるものとする。
前記したように、本発明によれば、風味改善しようとする麦芽飲料中のリナロールの濃度とアセトアルデヒドの濃度とを調整することによって、飲料に発酵風味を付与または増強することを特徴とする、未発酵のビール風味麦芽飲料の製造方法が提供される。好ましくは、本発明によれば、リナロールとアセトアルデヒドとを、風味改善しようとする麦芽飲料に加えることによって、飲料に発酵風味を付与または増強することを特徴とする、未発酵のビール風味麦芽飲料の製造方法が提供される。本発明の別の態様によればまた、リナロールとアセトアルデヒドとを、風味改善しようとする麦芽飲料に加えることによって、飲料に発酵風味を付与または増強することを特徴とする、未発酵のビール風味麦芽飲料の風味の改善方法が提供される。
例えば、0.01~0.5重量%程度であることができる。
本発明における風味改善に有効な濃度は、このようなリナロール濃度の範囲とアセトアルデヒド濃度の範囲の組合せから選択される。
・リナロール濃度が0.8~72μg/Lである場合にアセトアルデヒド濃度が4~60mg/Lであり、かつ、
・リナロール濃度が48~150μg/Lである場合にアセトアルデヒド濃度が0.8~60mg/Lである。さらにより好ましくは、
・リナロール濃度が1~60μg/Lである場合にアセトアルデヒド濃度が5~50mg/Lであり、かつ、
・リナロール濃度が60~120μg/Lである場合にアセトアルデヒド濃度が1~50mg/Lである。特に好ましくは、
・リナロール濃度が1~60μg/Lである場合にアセトアルデヒド濃度が5~25mg/Lであり、かつ、
・リナロール濃度が60~120μg/Lである場合にアセトアルデヒド濃度が1~25mg/Lである。
なお、これら関係式の前者は、後述する実施例のリナロール濃度60μm/Lでかつアセトアルデヒド濃度1mg/Lの場合と、リナロール濃度0μm/Lでかつアセトアルデヒド濃度10mg/Lの場合に基づいて算出したものであり、後者の式は、後述する実施例のリナロール濃度120μm/Lでかつアセトアルデヒド濃度12mg/Lの場合と、リナロール濃度0μm/Lでかつアセトアルデヒド濃度60mg/Lの場合に基づいて算出したものである。後者の式は、好ましくは、1000Ln<-3A+150であることができる。
(1)麦汁の調製
仕込槽に麦芽粉砕物200kgに温水700Lを加えて混合し、50~76℃で糖化を行った。糖化工程終了後、これを麦汁濾過槽において濾過して、その濾液として透明な麦汁を得た。
得られた麦汁を煮沸釜に移し、これに液糖を主体とする副原料80kg(固形分換算)を加え、更にホップを1kg加えて、100℃で煮沸した。煮沸した麦汁をワールプール槽に入れて、沈殿により生じたタンパク質などの粕を除去した。この際、煮沸後の麦汁に温水を加え、糖度を7%に調整した。
得られた麦汁をプレートクーラーで4℃まで冷却し、飲料用に使用する麦汁1,800Lを得た。なお、振動式密度計により測定した20℃における密度を糖度(%)とした。
前記(2)のようにして処理された麦汁に脱気水を加えて珪藻土濾過機により濾過し、糖度を4%に調整した完全無アルコール(アルコール含量が0重量%)の麦芽飲料を得た。
実施例1のようにして麦芽飲料を得、ここに下記濃度のリナロールおよびアセトアルデヒドをそれぞれ加えて溶解させ、サンプルを調製した。
・リナロール濃度:0、1.2、12、120 μm/L;
・アセトアルデヒド濃度:0、1、10、50、100 mg/L。
判断基準:
0:感じない、
1:僅かに感じる、
2:弱く感じる、
3:適切に感じる、
4:少々強く感じる、
5:強く感じる、
6:強すぎる
評価結果は、各パネリストの結果の最小値であり、上記評価中、2~5を許容範囲とし、特に2~4を正常、3を特に望ましいものと評価した。
また、アセトアルデヒドが1mg/Lでリナロールが60および120μg/Lの場合、および、アセトアルデヒドが10mg/Lでリナロール0、1.2、12、60μg/Lの場合でも、同じ適度の発酵感か、またはそれより強めの発酵感が得られた。
一方、アセトアルデヒドが50mg/L以上の場合には、いずれも発酵感が強めの傾向にあった。
実施例1のようにして麦芽飲料を得、ここに下記濃度のリナロールおよびアセトアルデヒドをそれぞれ加えて溶解させ、サンプルを調製した。
次いで各サンプル中のアセトアルデヒド濃度およびリナロール濃度の実測値を、下記のような測定法に従ってそれぞれ測定した。
麦芽飲料中のアセトアルデヒドはFID検出器付きヘッドスペースガスクロマトグラフを用いて測定した。
ヘッドスペースサンプル瓶に氷冷した麦芽飲料10mlを移しとり、これに内部標準液1mlを加え、密栓した。内部標準液としては、エタノールで200mg/Lに希釈したn-ブタノールを用いた。密栓したヘッドスペースサンプル瓶はヘッドスペースオートサンプラーにより40℃、10分間保温後、気相部分をガスクロマトグラフに注入した。アセトアルデヒド濃度は、クロマトグラムのピーク面積をもとに、あらかじめ作成した検量線により算出した。検量線の作成は、4%エタノールで段階的に希釈したアセトアルデヒド標準液を、麦芽飲料の測定と同様の方法でガスクロマトグラフに注入して作成した。
カラム: DB-1(Agilent Technologies社製)、長さ30m、
内径0.32mm、膜厚5μm
インジェクター温度: 200℃
検出器: FID (株式会社島津製作所製)
検出器温度: 200℃
カラム温度: 40℃.3min、4℃/min、90℃.0min、
20℃/min、180℃. 2min
キャリアーガス:ヘリウムガス(50cm/sec)
麦芽飲料中のホップ香気成分であるリナロール濃度は、市販のGC/MS装置を使用して測定した。
飲料中の香気の成分の抽出方法は、C18固相カラムで抽出し、それをGC/MSに供した。内部標準物質にはボルネオール(Borneol)およびリナロール(Linalool)を用いボルネオールおよびリナロールの特定イオンの相対的強度から定量した。
・GC/MS分析条件
キャピラリーカラム: HP-INNOWAX(商品名)
(Agilent Technologies社製)
(長さ60m、内径0.25mm、膜厚0.25μm)
オーブン温度: 40℃,0.3min-3℃/min→240℃,20min
キャリアガス: He、10psi低圧送気
トランスファーライン温度: 240℃
MSイオンソース温度: 230℃
MSQポール温度: 150℃
フロント注入口温度: 200℃
モニタリングイオン: m/z=93、110
定量に用いたイオン: Borneol m/z=110
Linalool m/z=69
実施例1の「(1) 麦汁の調製」において、ホップの添加量と、ホップ添加後の煮沸時間を下記表4の通りとした麦汁サンプルを得、各サンプルについて、上記と同様にしてリナロール濃度を測定した。またホップ添加量1g/Lで煮沸時間5分の場合のサンプルには、さらに、表4のような各濃度のホップ精油(ホップエキス)(超臨界炭酸ガス抽出法によって得られるホップ精油分画品(Hops and Hop Products the EBC Technology and Engineering Forum Nurnberg, p107-118, 1997))を加えたサンプルも調製し、これらについても同様にリナロール濃度を測定した。
Claims (14)
- 風味改善しようとする麦芽飲料中のリナロールの濃度とアセトアルデヒドの濃度とを調整することによって、飲料に発酵風味を付与または増強することを特徴とする、未発酵のビール風味麦芽飲料の製造方法。
- リナロールとアセトアルデヒドとを、風味改善しようとする麦芽飲料に加えることによって、飲料に発酵風味を付与または増強する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 得られる麦芽飲料中におけるリナロールおよびアセトアルデヒドの濃度が、それぞれ風味改善に有効な濃度となるように、リナロールとアセトアルデヒドとを、風味改善しようとする麦芽飲料に加えることを含んでなる、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 得られる麦芽飲料中におけるリナロールの濃度が1~125μg/L、およびアセトアルデヒドの濃度が1~50mg/Lとなるように、風味改善しようとする麦芽飲料中のリナロール濃度とアセトアルデヒド濃度とを調整することを含んでなる、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 得られる麦芽飲料中におけるリナロールの濃度が1~125μg/L、およびアセトアルデヒドの濃度が1~50mg/Lとなるように、リナロールとアセトアルデヒドとを、風味改善しようとする麦芽飲料に加えることを含んでなる、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 得られる麦芽飲料中におけるリナロールおよびアセトアルデヒドのそれぞれの濃度が、下記関係式を満足するように、リナロールとアセトアルデヒドとを調節することを含んでなる、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の方法:
150Ln≧-A+10、および、1000Ln≦-3A+150
[上記式中、
Lnは麦芽飲料中におけるリナロール濃度(mg/L)(Ln>0)を意味し、かつ
Aは麦芽飲料中におけるアセトアルデヒド濃度(mg/L)(A>0)を意味する]。 - 得られる麦芽飲料中におけるリナロールの濃度が11~13μg/L、およびアセトアルデヒドの濃度が9~11mg/Lとなるように、リナロールとアセトアルデヒドとを調節することを含んでなる、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 麦芽飲料に用いられる麦汁の調製過程において、麦汁へのホップの添加量および添加時期を調節することによってホップ由来のリナロール量を調節した後、さらに必要によりリナロールを麦芽飲料に加えることによって、風味改善しようとする麦芽飲料のリナロール濃度を調節することを含む、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 風味改善しようとする麦芽飲料が、未発酵の麦汁から麦汁フレーバーを低減させることによって得られたものである、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の方法により製造された、未発酵のビール風味麦芽飲料。
- リナロールの濃度が1~125μg/Lで、かつアセトアルデヒドの濃度が1~50mg/Lである、発酵風味が付与または増強された未発酵のビール風味麦芽飲料。
- リナロール濃度およびアセトアルデヒの濃度が、下記関係式を満たすことを特徴とする、請求項11に記載の未発酵のビール風味麦芽飲料:
150Ln≧-A+10、および、1000Ln≦-3A+150
[上記式中、
Lnは麦芽飲料中におけるリナロール濃度(mg/L)(Ln>0)を意味し、かつ
Aは麦芽飲料中におけるアセトアルデヒド濃度(mg/L)(A>0)を意味する]。 - リナロールと、アセトアルデヒドとを含んでなる、ビール風味麦芽飲料に発酵風味を付与するための風味改善剤。
- 麦芽飲料が、未発酵の麦汁から麦汁フレーバーを低減させることによって得られた未発酵の麦芽飲料である、請求項13に記載の風味改善剤。
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SG2011049681A SG172903A1 (en) | 2009-01-08 | 2010-01-05 | Improvement in flavor of unfermented beer-flavored malt beverage |
US13/143,680 US20120021110A1 (en) | 2009-01-08 | 2010-01-05 | Flavor of unfermented beer-flavored malt beverage |
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CN2010800039374A CN102271537A (zh) | 2009-01-08 | 2010-01-05 | 未发酵的啤酒风味麦芽饮料的风味改善 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN102271537A (zh) | 2011-12-07 |
KR101353159B1 (ko) | 2014-01-22 |
EP2380448A1 (en) | 2011-10-26 |
KR20110112411A (ko) | 2011-10-12 |
SG172903A1 (en) | 2011-08-29 |
US20120021110A1 (en) | 2012-01-26 |
JP5715825B2 (ja) | 2015-05-13 |
EP2380448A4 (en) | 2014-07-02 |
TWI479019B (zh) | 2015-04-01 |
JPWO2010079778A1 (ja) | 2012-06-21 |
TW201124526A (en) | 2011-07-16 |
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