US9133322B2 - Polyamide moulding compounds and use thereof in the production of moulded articles - Google Patents

Polyamide moulding compounds and use thereof in the production of moulded articles Download PDF

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US9133322B2
US9133322B2 US13/800,102 US201313800102A US9133322B2 US 9133322 B2 US9133322 B2 US 9133322B2 US 201313800102 A US201313800102 A US 201313800102A US 9133322 B2 US9133322 B2 US 9133322B2
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moulding compound
polyamide
polyamide moulding
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US20140094548A1 (en
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Mark D. ROTH
Nikolai Lamberts
Botho Hoffmann
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EMS Patent AG
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EMS Patent AG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
    • C08K5/0041—Optical brightening agents, organic pigments
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/36—Sulfur-, selenium-, or tellurium-containing compounds
    • C08K5/41—Compounds containing sulfur bound to oxygen
    • C08K5/42—Sulfonic acids; Derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K13/00—Use of mixtures of ingredients not covered by one single of the preceding main groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C08K13/04—Ingredients characterised by their shape and organic or inorganic ingredients
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/02—Elements
    • C08K3/04—Carbon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/16—Halogen-containing compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
    • C08K5/0083—Nucleating agents promoting the crystallisation of the polymer matrix
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
    • C08K5/09—Carboxylic acids; Metal salts thereof; Anhydrides thereof
    • C08K5/098—Metal salts of carboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
    • C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
    • C08K7/04—Fibres or whiskers inorganic
    • C08K7/14—Glass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L77/00—Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L77/02—Polyamides derived from omega-amino carboxylic acids or from lactams thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L77/00—Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L77/06—Polyamides derived from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/014—Additives containing two or more different additives of the same subgroup in C08K
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/24—Crystallisation aids

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to polyamide moulding compounds, pigmented black, which include nigrosin and at least one nucleation agent, carbon black being ruled out.
  • the present invention likewise relates to a method for producing moulded articles from the mentioned polyamide moulding compounds and also the corresponding moulded articles.
  • the polyamide moulding compounds are used in the production of components with increased temperature requirements, e.g. in the automobile sector.
  • a known additive which is used in the field of polyamides is nigrosin.
  • Nigrosin is frequently used for the pigmentation of polyamides, for example because of its surface-modifying effect.
  • Polyamide moulding compounds in which a combination of nigrosin and carbon black is used, are likewise already known from the state of the art.
  • EP 0 052 944 A1 describes polyamide compositions which comprise carbon black and nigrosin. These have higher breaking elongation and impact strength than polyamide compositions which comprise merely carbon black. Examples with PA 66, nigrosin, carbon black and PA 6 (via a carbon black masterbatch) are cited.
  • EP 0 796 886 A2 concerns black polyamide compositions which comprise a polyamide and colourants which include carbon black, nigrosin and aniline black. These polyamide compositions have a good appearance, good surface gloss and good mechanical properties.
  • DE 696 32 529 T2 relates to light-stabilised polyamide compositions based on polyamide which include a black pigment. Furthermore, the compositions comprise nigrosin as crystallisation retardant.
  • the object of the present invention hence resided in providing moulding compounds, the mechanical properties of which, relative to the moulding compounds known from the state of the art, are improved after long-term heat stressing and are suitable in particular for components with increased temperature requirements.
  • moulding compounds which have lower surface roughnesses than the moulding compounds from the state of the art are intended to be provided.
  • a polyamide moulding compound having the following composition is provided:
  • Components (a) to (d) hereby add up in total to 100% by weight of the polyamide moulding compound, the presence of carbon black in the polyamide moulding compound being ruled out.
  • the moulding compounds according to the invention relative to the moulding compounds known from the state of the art have improved heat ageing resistance and lower surface roughness.
  • the polyamide moulding compound preferably comprises between 24.20 and 98.9125% by weight, particularly preferably between 31.50 and 94.89% by weight and for particular preference between 38.00 and 84.75% by weight of polyamide.
  • the at least one nucleation agent (c) is selected from the group consisting of high-melting polyamides, talc, clay minerals and/or mixtures thereof, in particular nucleation agents based on PA 2.2, kaolinite and steatite.
  • nucleation agents based on PA 2.2, kaolinite and steatite there are included herein, in particular the polyamide 2.2 Brüggolen® P22 and the steatite Mikrotalk IT Extra.
  • the nucleation agents preferably have a particle size (d0.5) in the range of 1 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, particularly preferred from 5 ⁇ m to 12 ⁇ m.
  • the nucleation agents of the present invention increase the solidification rate which was measured as described in the experimental part, relative to a moulding compound which comprises only components (a), (b) and optionally (d) according to the invention, by at least 10%, preferably by at least 30% and particularly preferred by at least 100%.
  • the polyamide moulding compound according to the invention preferably comprises 0.08 to 4% by weight, preferably in 0.1 to 2% by weight and particularly preferred in 0.2 to 1.5% by weight of nigrosin (b).
  • the polyamide moulding compound preferably comprises 0.0075 to 1.8% by weight, preferably in 0.01 to 1.5% by weight and particularly preferred in 0.05 to 0.5% by weight of the at least one nucleation agent (c).
  • additives there can be comprised as additive or supplement (d), components selected from the group consisting of glass fibres, glass balls, carbon fibres, mineral powders, UV stabilisers, heat stabilisers, lubricants and mould-release agents, impact modifiers and mixtures hereof, glass fibres are particularly preferred.
  • the additives do not act as nucleation agent in the sense of the present invention.
  • Heat stabilisers in the sense of the present invention are metallic salts, phenolic antioxidants; aminic antioxidants; phosphites; phosphonites; and/or mixtures thereof.
  • the following list of heat stabilisers should not be regarded as restrictive.
  • Metallic salts are thereby for example, copper(I) iodide and other copper halogenides; mixtures of copper halogenides and potassium iodide or other halogenides of main group I; iron(II) salts, such as e.g. FeCl 2 , Fe(SO 4 ) and Fe 3 O 4 ; iron(III) salts, such as e.g. Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 , FeCl 3 and Fe 2 O 3 ; other transition metallic salts, e.g.
  • salts of vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, osmium, cobalt, rhodium, iridium, palladium, platinum and nickel, preferably copper halogenides are used in combination with potassium halogenides and, for particular preference, a mixture of copper(I) iodide and potassium iodide is used, the molar ratio of potassium iodide to copper iodide being 0.5 to 20, preferably 1 to 18 and particularly preferred 3 to 15.
  • Preferred aminic antioxidants are secondary aromatic amines, such as adducts of phenylenediamine with acetone (Naugard A); adducts of phenylenediamine with linolene; Naugard 445, N,N′-dinaphthyl-p-phenylenediamine; N-phenyl-N′-cyclohexyl-p-phenylenediamine; blends of reaction products made of an adduct of a ketone and N,N′-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine and or mixtures of two or more thereof or blends of diarylamine-ketone adducts and N,N′-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine, blends of diarylamine-ketone adducts and N,N′-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine being preferred.
  • Preferred phenolic antioxidants are sterically hindered phenols, such as N,N′-hexamethylene-bis-3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionamide, bis-(3,3-bis-(4′-hydroxy-3′-tert-butylphenyl)-butanoic acid)-glycolester, 2,1′-thioethylbis-(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionate, 4,4′-butylidene-bis-(3-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol), triethyleneglycol-3-(3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)-propionate or mixtures of two or more of these stabilisers.
  • sterically hindered phenols such as N,N′-hexamethylene-bis-3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-
  • Preferred phosphites and phosphonites are triphenylphosphite, diphenylalkylphosphite, phenyldialkylphosphite, tris(nonylphenyl)phosphite, trilaurylphosphite, trioctadecylphosphite, distearylphentaerythritoldiphosphite, tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphite, diisodecylpentaerythritoldiphosphite, bis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)pentaerythritoldiphosphite, bis(2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenyl)-pentaerythritoldiphosphite, diisodecyloxypentaerythritol-diphosphite, bis(2,4
  • tris[2-tert-butyl-4-thio(2′-methyl-4′-hydroxy-5′-tert-butyl)-phenyl-5-methyl]phenyl-phosphite and tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphite (Hostanox® PAR24: commercial product of the company Clariant, Basel).
  • a mixture of copper(I) iodide and potassium iodide is used.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment provides the use of an aminic antioxidant and a mixture of copper(I) iodide and potassium iodide.
  • the at least one additive (d) is comprised in a quantity of 1.0 to 70% by weight, preferably in 5 to 65% by weight and particularly preferred in 15 to 60% by weight.
  • the quantity proportion of heat stabiliser, relative to the total quantity of the polyamide moulding compound, is preferably 0.01 to 5% by weight, particularly preferred 0.05 to 5% by weight and for particular preference 0.1 to 2% by weight.
  • a preferred polyamide moulding compound has the following composition:
  • Components (a) to (d) add up in total to 100% by weight of the polyamide moulding compound and carbon black must not be contained in the moulding compound.
  • the moulding compound comprises 0.4 to 16% by weight, particularly preferred 0.5 to 14% by weight and for particular preference 0.6 to 13% by weight of PA 6.
  • the polyamide moulding compound is aliphatic, this has, after 2,000 h high-temperature ageing at 230° C., a tensile strength at break, determined according to ISO 527, preferably of at least 60%, preferably of at least 65% and particularly preferred of at least 72%, relative to the value, determined according to ISO 527, for the tensile strength at break before the high-temperature ageing.
  • the elongation at break determined according to the same methodology, after 2,000 h high-temperature ageing at 230° C. is preferably at least 50%, preferably at least 55% and particularly preferred at least 58%, relative to the value, determined according to ISO 527, for the elongation at break before the high-temperature ageing.
  • the polyamide moulding compound is partly aromatic, this has, after 3,000 h high-temperature ageing at 180° C., a tensile strength at break, determined according to ISO 527, preferably of at least 69%, relative to the value, determined according to ISO 527, for the elongation at break before the high-temperature ageing.
  • the elongation at break, determined according to the same methodology, after 3,000 h high-temperature ageing at 180° C. is preferably at least 63%, preferably at least 67% and particularly preferred at least 71%, relative to the value, determined according to ISO 527, for the elongation at break before the high-temperature ageing.
  • a method is likewise provided for producing moulded articles, in particular automobile components for use close to the engine, made of a polyamide moulding compound, the above-described polyamide moulding compound according to the invention being extruded or injection-moulded.
  • Moulded articles for parts with increased temperature requirements up to 230° C. are likewise provided, in particular automobile components for use close to the engine, which were produced from the above-described polyamide moulding compound according to the invention.
  • the polyamide moulding compounds according to the invention are used in the production of components with increased temperature requirements up to 230° C., in particular for automobile components for use close to the engine, such as charge cooling side parts, suction systems, oil sumps, injection nozzles etc.
  • moulding compounds and moulded articles according to the invention are intended to be specified in more detail with reference to the subsequent examples without restricting these to the specific embodiments shown here.
  • the moulding compounds for examples Ex. 1, Ex. 2 and Ex. 3 according to the invention and for the comparative examples Comp. ex. 1 to Comp. ex. 5 were produced on a twin-screw extruder by the company Werner and Pfleiderer, Type ZSK25.
  • the quantity proportions of initial substances, indicated in Table 2, in percent by weight (% by weight) relative to 100% by weight of the total moulding compound were compounded in the twin-screw extruder.
  • compositions Ex. 1, Ex. 2 and Ex. 3 according to the invention were varied with respect to the type (Brüggolen® P22 or Mikrotalk IT Extra) and quantity (0.1 or 0.2% by weight) of the nucleation agent.
  • the comparative example Comp. ex. 1 has the same composition as example Ex. 1 according to the invention, however without nucleation agent.
  • Comparative example Comp. ex. 2 has the same composition as examples Ex. 2 and Ex. 3 according to the invention, however without nucleation agent.
  • ISO tension test bar Standard: ISO 3167, Type A, 170 ⁇ 20/10 ⁇ 4 mm, temperature 23° C.
  • ISO tension test bar Standard: ISO 3167, Type A, 170 ⁇ 20/10 ⁇ 4 mm, temperature 23° C.
  • the high-temperature ageings were implemented in ventilated, electrically heated single chamber hot cabinets according to IEC 60216-4-1 at 180° C. or 230° C. on ISO tension test bars (Standard: 3167, Type A, 170 ⁇ 20/10 ⁇ 4 mm). After the times indicated in Table 3, sample pieces were removed from the oven and tested according to the above-indicated methods after cooling to 23° C.
  • the solidification rate in J/(g*min) was determined on a DSC Q2000 (Differential Scanning calorimeter) of the company TA Instruments. Nitrogen was used as flushing gas and, as calibration substances, indium (Smp onset : 156.6° C., ⁇ H: 28.45 J/g) and zinc (Smp onset : 419.5° C., ⁇ H: 108.37 J/g). 10 mg of the sample was weighed into a crucible made of aluminium and the latter was sealed. The sample was then heated firstly at 20 K/minute to 320° C. and, after a minute, was cooled isothermally, at 5 K/minute to 50° C.
  • the heat flow in W/g was thereby recorded over the entire temperature range of 50 to 320° C.
  • the width of the crystallisation peak was determined by applying tangents with the programme Universal Analysis by TA Instruments at the peak. From the temperature range in K and the cooling rate of 5 K/min, corresponding to the peak width, the “time for the crystallisation process” in minutes was determined by computer. The integral under the area of the peak corresponds to the “crystallisation enthalpy” in J/g and was determined with the programme Universal Analysis by TA Instruments. The solidification rate in J/(g*min) corresponds to the quotient of the “crystallisation enthalpy” and the “time for the crystallisation process”.
  • polyamide moulding compounds which, in addition to nigrosin, also comprise at least one nucleation agent have improved heat ageing resistance.
  • carbon black in combination with nigrosin is not able to resolve the object according to the invention, namely making available a polyamide moulding compound with improved heat ageing resistance and low surface roughness.
  • the use of carbon black increases the surface roughness and, for the combination of nigrosin and carbon black, even poorer long-term heat resistances are obtained than when carbon black or nigrosin are used alone.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
US13/800,102 2012-10-02 2013-03-13 Polyamide moulding compounds and use thereof in the production of moulded articles Active 2033-05-26 US9133322B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12186929.1 2012-10-02
EP12186929.1A EP2716716B1 (de) 2012-10-02 2012-10-02 Polyamid-Formmassen und deren Verwendung bei der Herstellung von Formkörpern
EP12186929 2012-10-02

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US9133322B2 true US9133322B2 (en) 2015-09-15

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