TWI622484B - Biaxially stretched sheet and packaging container - Google Patents
Biaxially stretched sheet and packaging container Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI622484B TWI622484B TW104129735A TW104129735A TWI622484B TW I622484 B TWI622484 B TW I622484B TW 104129735 A TW104129735 A TW 104129735A TW 104129735 A TW104129735 A TW 104129735A TW I622484 B TWI622484 B TW I622484B
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- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- biaxially stretched
- stretched sheet
- sheet
- acrylonitrile
- content
- Prior art date
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- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 title claims description 27
- 229920001893 acrylonitrile styrene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- SCUZVMOVTVSBLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enenitrile;styrene Chemical compound C=CC#N.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 SCUZVMOVTVSBLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical group C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 35
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 26
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 22
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000002087 whitening effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1 YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 5
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerol Natural products OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Octadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 description 4
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000021485 packed food Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920005990 polystyrene resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 4
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N (2r,3r,4s)-2-[(1r)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000010746 mayonnaise Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000008268 mayonnaise Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005026 oriented polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229960003742 phenol Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001542 size-exclusion chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- KVNYFPKFSJIPBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1CC KVNYFPKFSJIPBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012295 chemical reaction liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- RWGFKTVRMDUZSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cumene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWGFKTVRMDUZSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- QUAMTGJKVDWJEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octabenzone Chemical compound OC1=CC(OCCCCCCCC)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QUAMTGJKVDWJEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GLPXGXQOVMEKIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-amine;octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[NH3+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O GLPXGXQOVMEKIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FDPIMTJIUBPUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-3-one Chemical compound CCC(=O)CC FDPIMTJIUBPUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005502 peroxidation Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZQBAKBUEJOMQEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 ZQBAKBUEJOMQEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- ODLMAHJVESYWTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylbenzene Chemical compound CCCC1=CC=CC=C1 ODLMAHJVESYWTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000015067 sauces Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000003011 styrenyl group Chemical group [H]\C(*)=C(/[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003856 thermoforming Methods 0.000 description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KIUKXJAPPMFGSW-DNGZLQJQSA-N (2S,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-[(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-Acetamido-2-[(2S,3S,4R,5R,6R)-6-[(2R,3R,4R,5S,6R)-3-acetamido-2,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-5-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-4-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)N[C@H]1[C@H](O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O3)C(O)=O)O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)NC(C)=O)[C@@H](C(O)=O)O1 KIUKXJAPPMFGSW-DNGZLQJQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYNYEKLEBYEREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N (8-nonyl-8-phenylheptadecyl) dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(CCCCCCCCC)(CCCCCCCOP(=O)(O)O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RYNYEKLEBYEREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QPSAPFASDAOETI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1'-biphenyl;phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O.C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 QPSAPFASDAOETI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEKMQTKVEVZPET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-bis(2,3-ditert-butyl-4-methylphenyl)-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol dihydroxyphosphanyl dihydrogen phosphite Chemical compound OP(O)OP(O)O.C(C)(C)(C)C1=C(C=CC(=C1C(C)(C)C)C)C(O)(C(CO)(CO)CO)C1=C(C(=C(C=C1)C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C VEKMQTKVEVZPET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMHAFDJFHSEAHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-bis(2,3-ditert-butylphenyl)-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol dihydroxyphosphanyl dihydrogen phosphite Chemical compound OP(O)OP(O)O.C(C)(C)(C)C=1C(=C(C=CC1)C(O)(C(CO)(CO)CO)C1=C(C(=CC=C1)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C KMHAFDJFHSEAHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HSLFISVKRDQEBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-bis(tert-butylperoxy)cyclohexane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC1(OOC(C)(C)C)CCCCC1 HSLFISVKRDQEBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZXTWGWHSMCWGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine Chemical compound NC1=NC=NC(N)=N1 VZXTWGWHSMCWGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NVZWEEGUWXZOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-2-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NVZWEEGUWXZOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JZHGRUMIRATHIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-3-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C=C)=C1 JZHGRUMIRATHIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QHZLMUACJMDIAE-SFHVURJKSA-N 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)CO QHZLMUACJMDIAE-SFHVURJKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ARIWANIATODDMH-AWEZNQCLSA-N 1-lauroyl-sn-glycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)CO ARIWANIATODDMH-AWEZNQCLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QEDJMOONZLUIMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-tert-butyl-4-ethenylbenzene Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 QEDJMOONZLUIMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MEZZCSHVIGVWFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2'-Dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone Chemical compound OC1=CC(OC)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O MEZZCSHVIGVWFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OCSIKZYSDOXRPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)-3-octadecylhenicosane-1,3-diol dihydroxyphosphanyl dihydrogen phosphite Chemical compound OP(O)OP(O)O.C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(O)(C(CO)(CO)CO)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC OCSIKZYSDOXRPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLZIIHMTTRXXIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoyl)benzoic acid Chemical compound OC1=CC(OC)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O JLZIIHMTTRXXIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylpropan-2-ylperoxy)propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethylhexyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C=C GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSRJVOOOWGXUDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[2-[3-(3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)propanoyloxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl 3-(3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C)=CC(CCC(=O)OCCOCCOCCOC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C)C=2)C(C)(C)C)=C1 QSRJVOOOWGXUDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KLIZOTJVECGYSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[3-(benzotriazol-2-yl)-5-(2-phenylpropan-2-yl)phenyl]propan-2-yl]phenol Chemical compound C=1C(N2N=C3C=CC=CC3=N2)=CC(C(C)(C)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)O)=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 KLIZOTJVECGYSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SKMNWICOBCDSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxy]-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl]ethyl 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CCC(=O)OCCN2C(CC(CC2(C)C)OC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)(C)C)=C1 SKMNWICOBCDSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PQJZHMCWDKOPQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-anilino-2-oxoacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 PQJZHMCWDKOPQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WDQMWEYDKDCEHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C(C)=C WDQMWEYDKDCEHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BXCRLBBIZJSWNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl hexadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCO BXCRLBBIZJSWNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RFVNOJDQRGSOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCO RFVNOJDQRGSOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LWZNQGJGMBRAII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylhexyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCC(C)COC(=O)C=C LWZNQGJGMBRAII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- UWSMKYBKUPAEJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-Chloro-2-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC(N2N=C3C=C(Cl)C=CC3=N2)=C1O UWSMKYBKUPAEJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSJIQLQSJBXTOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-tricyclo[5.2.1.02,6]decanylmethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C12CCCC2C2CC(COC(=O)C=C)C1C2 OSJIQLQSJBXTOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000215068 Acacia senegal Species 0.000 description 1
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
- C08J7/04—Coating
- C08J7/054—Forming anti-misting or drip-proofing coatings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
- B29C55/02—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets
- B29C55/10—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets multiaxial
- B29C55/12—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets multiaxial biaxial
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
- B29C55/005—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of materials
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Abstract
本發明提供一種雙軸延伸片材,其係對丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚物進行雙軸延伸而成者,共聚物中之丙烯腈單元之含量為10~40質量%,共聚物之重量平均分子量為10萬~25萬,多分散度為2.0~2.5,雙軸延伸片材之雙軸延伸之面倍率為4~10倍,MD方向及TD方向之最大配向緩和應力分別為0.2~0.6MPa,MD方向之最大配向緩和應力(a)與TD方向之最大配向緩和應力(b)之差的絕對值(| a-b |)為0.3MPa以下,雙軸延伸片材中之硫含量為0ppm以上且未達100ppm,揮發性物質之含量為200~2000ppm。
Description
本發明係關於一種雙軸延伸片材及包裝用容器。
雙軸延伸聚苯乙烯樹脂片材係透明性優異且剛性較高,因此經熱成形而被廣泛地使用於食品包裝容器領域。然而,聚苯乙烯之樹脂與烯烴系樹脂相比,耐油性較低,因實施雙軸延伸而耐油性進一步下降。例如,若使油附著於聚苯乙烯樹脂雙軸延伸片材上並長時間地維持該狀態,則片材表面發生白化。尤其於具有被稱為樞接之將蓋部與本體部連結之接合部的食品容器之情況下,因對該接合部施加應力,故而容易因附著油而產生破裂。
進而,於便當蓋容器用途中,於填充食材中所用之醬料類附著之狀態下進行微波爐加熱,由此發生白化、開孔,故而採用如下應對方法:於食材與蓋之間夾隔OPP(Oriented polypropylene,定向聚丙烯)膜而使醬料類不與蓋接觸。
然而,藉由手工作業設置膜所致之人工費提高、或使用後之廢棄物增加等成為聚苯乙烯系延伸片材之課題。
因此,正在研究如下片材之使用,該片材使用作為耐油性較高之樹脂之聚丙烯或聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯。然而,與聚苯乙烯系片材相比,聚丙烯片材係透明性較低而內容物之視認性較差。又,由於為低剛性,故而存在如下課題:無法於店面堆層陳列,於進行微波爐加熱後變形而蓋脫落等。又,聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯片材係樹脂之耐熱性較
低且為低剛性,故而存在若於60℃以上使用則可見明顯變形之方面等課題。由於該等方面,聚苯乙烯系片材不可謂適於兼具透明性、剛性、耐熱性之食品包裝用容器之片材,尤其耐油性需求改善。
因此,正在進行如下研究:藉由樹脂改質對雙軸延伸聚苯乙烯樹脂片材賦予耐油性。例如,於專利文獻1中揭示有如下主旨:藉由以苯乙烯系共聚物作為主體而成之苯乙烯系雙軸延伸片材,具有100℃以上之實用耐熱性且,即便與該溫度之食物油接觸亦不發生白化現象,上述苯乙烯系共聚物係包含4~20重量%之丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、或順丁烯二酸酐中之任一成分的與苯乙烯之共聚物。
又,於專利文獻2、3、4中揭示有藉由如下方式實現之耐油性提高方法:進行表層使用維氏軟化點較低之樹脂之多層共擠出,以適於中芯層之延伸溫度進行雙軸延伸,藉此製作僅表層之配向緩和應力下降之片材。
又,於專利文獻5、6中揭示有如下耐油性提高方法:於聚苯乙烯雙軸延伸片材之食品接觸面上,層壓包含聚丙烯或丙烯酸系樹脂、非晶質聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯樹脂般之耐油性樹脂之膜,藉此使油與聚苯乙烯片材不直接接觸。
又,於專利文獻7中揭示有藉由如下片材實現之耐油性提高,該片材係由作為耐油性高於聚苯乙烯之樹脂之丙烯腈均聚物及包含90質量%以上之丙烯腈成分之共聚物所得。
[專利文獻1]日本專利特開昭62-25031號公報
[專利文獻2]日本專利特開2005-35208號公報
[專利文獻3]日本專利特開2005-349591號公報
[專利文獻4]日本專利特開2007-277428號公報
[專利文獻5]日本專利4217591號公報
[專利文獻6]日本專利4812072號公報
[專利文獻7]日本專利特開昭59-106922號公報
然而,專利文獻1中所揭示之技術中,使丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、順丁烯二酸酐單體進行共聚,由此於進行熔融混練時容易因酸之脫水反應而引起交聯反應,產生凝膠,引起片材之外觀不良。又,各單體使耐熱性提高,但相反地有樹脂變脆之缺點,為了實用作食品容器,必須將配向緩和應力設計得高。因此,高配向之延伸片材對油或熱之收縮較大,且增長白化。又,配向越變高則容器成形越變得困難。
又,專利文獻2~6中所揭示之技術中,由膜之層壓導致材料費或加工費等成本提高,或由於膜為非相溶聚合物故無法再用於透明品。進而,於進行熱成形時,於同一溫度下將軟化點不同之樹脂成形,故而存在外觀不良或殘留成形應變等課題。
又,專利文獻7中所揭示之技術中,樹脂強度高於聚苯乙烯樹脂故難以熱成形;於溶解於DMSO(Dimethyl Sulfoxide,二甲亞碸)溶劑中而製作鑄造膜後,於水槽內將DMSO溶劑置換成水而製成水凝膠膜,由此進行片材化等,為非常複雜之製膜步驟,故而生產性較低;或者殘留溶劑或樹脂之吸水等之管理困難,片材物性容易變動。
本發明之課題在於提供一種使用丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚物,透明性、剛性、實用強度、耐熱性、油接觸條件下之耐白化性、耐化學品性、耐收縮性之平衡優異之雙軸延伸苯乙烯系片材及包裝用容器。
即,本發明如下。
(1)一種雙軸延伸片材,其係對丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚物進行雙軸延
伸而成者,並且共聚物中之丙烯腈單元之含量為10~40質量%,共聚物之重量平均分子量為10萬~25萬,多分散度為2.0~2.5,雙軸延伸片材之雙軸延伸之面倍率為4~10倍,MD方向及TD方向之最大配向緩和應力分別為0.2~0.6MPa,MD方向之最大配向緩和應力(a)與TD方向之最大配向緩和應力(b)之差的絕對值(| a-b |)為0.3MPa以下,雙軸延伸片材中之硫含量為0ppm以上且未達100ppm,揮發性物質之含量為200~2000ppm。
(2)如(1)之雙軸延伸片材,其中於雙軸延伸片材之至少一表面上進而設置防霧劑層,防霧劑層之表面之水接觸角為5~15°。
(3)一種包裝用容器,其係將如(1)或(2)之雙軸延伸片材成形而成,具備本體部、蓋部、及將本體部與蓋部彼此連結之樞接部。
(4)一種包裝用容器,其係將如(2)之雙軸延伸片材成形而成,具備本體部、蓋部、及將本體部與蓋部彼此連結之樞接部,防霧劑層之表面為內容物接觸面。
(5)如(3)或(4)之包裝用容器,其中本體部為收容食品之本體部,蓋合蓋部之狀態下之樞接部之曲率半徑為2~10mm。
根據本發明,提供一種使用丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚物,透明性、剛性、實用強度、耐熱性、油接觸條件下之耐白化性、耐化學品性、耐收縮性之平衡優異之雙軸延伸苯乙烯系片材及包裝用容器。
1‧‧‧包裝用容器
2‧‧‧本體部
3‧‧‧蓋部
4‧‧‧樞接部
圖1係表示包裝用容器之一實施形態之立體圖。
圖2(a)、(b)係圖1之包裝用容器之側視圖。
以下,對本發明之實施形態進行說明。
本實施形態之丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚物含有丙烯腈系單體單元(丙烯
腈單元)及苯乙烯系單體單元(苯乙烯單元),例如可藉由塊狀連續聚合而獲得。丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚物中之丙烯腈系單體單元之含量以構成共聚物之單體單元總量基準計為10~40質量%,較佳為18~32質量%。若丙烯腈系單體單元之含量超過40質量%,則色相、外觀、片材製膜性變差,若丙烯腈系單體單元之含量未達10質量%,則耐油性、外觀、強度變差。
作為丙烯腈系單體單元,可列舉丙烯腈、甲基丙烯腈等單元,較佳為丙烯腈單元。該等丙烯腈系單體單元可為單獨一種,亦可為兩種以上。
作為苯乙烯系單體單元,可列舉苯乙烯、α-甲基苯乙烯、對甲基苯乙烯、鄰甲基苯乙烯、間甲基苯乙烯、甲基苯乙烯、對第三丁基苯乙烯等單元,較佳為苯乙烯單元。該等苯乙烯系單體單元可為單獨一種,亦可為兩種以上。丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚物中之苯乙烯系單體單元之含量以構成共聚物之單體單元總量基準計,例如只要為60~90質量%即可。
丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚物視需要亦可含有可共聚之乙烯系單體單元。作為乙烯系單體單元,例如可列舉:丙烯酸,甲基丙烯酸,順丁烯二酸酐,甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸丁酯、甲基丙烯酸2-乙基己酯、甲基丙烯酸二環戊酯、甲基丙烯酸異基酯等甲基丙烯酸酯,丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸正丁酯、丙烯酸2-甲基己酯、丙烯酸2-乙基己酯、丙烯酸癸酯等單元。相對於苯乙烯系單體單元與丙烯腈系單體單元之合計100質量份,乙烯系單體單元之含量只要未達10質量份即可。
於丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚物中,視需要亦可含有公知之補強橡膠、例如丁二烯橡膠、苯乙烯-丁二烯橡膠、甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丁二烯-苯乙烯橡膠、乙烯-丙烯橡膠等。相對於苯乙烯系單體單元與丙烯腈系單
體單元之合計100質量份,補強橡膠之含量較佳為未達10質量份。若橡膠成分之含量為10質量份以上,則透明性下降而欠佳。
丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚物係藉由使丙烯腈系單體與苯乙烯系單體聚合而獲得。作為聚合方法,並無特別限定,為了減少臭氣,較佳為塊狀連續聚合。
作為塊狀連續聚合法,可採用公知之例,較佳為相對於苯乙烯系單體與丙烯腈系單體之合計100質量份,添加10~40質量份之乙基苯、甲苯、甲基乙基酮等溶劑而進行聚合之方法。
於進行聚合時,亦可添加過氧化苯甲酸第三丁酯、過氧基-2-乙基己酸第三丁酯、1,1-雙(第三丁基過氧化)-3,3,5-三甲基環己烷、1,1-雙(第三丁基過氧化)-環己烷、2,2-雙(4,4-二-丁基過氧化環己基)丙烷、過氧化異丙基單碳酸第三丁酯、過氧化二第三丁基、過氧化二異丙苯、3,3-二-(第三丁基過氧基)丁酸乙酯等公知之有機過氧化物,又,亦可添加4-甲基-2,4-二苯基戊烯-1、第三-十二烷基硫醇、正十二烷基硫醇等公知之分子量調整劑。
聚合溫度較佳為80~170℃,進而較佳為100~160℃。
丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚物之藉由SEC(Size Exclusion Chromatography,尺寸排外層析)法而測定之聚苯乙烯換算之重量平均分子量較佳為10萬~25萬,進而較佳為15萬~20萬。若重量平均分子量未達10萬,則因樹脂之強度下降而片材強度或耐折性下降。若重量平均分子量為25萬以上,則因黏度上升而可見片材製膜性或容器成形性之下降。
作為重量平均分子量(Mw)與數量平均分子量(Mn)之比之多分散度(Mw/Mn)較佳為2.0~2.5,進而較佳為2.1~2.5。於多分散度未達2.0時,需要變更聚合方法或設備,樹脂之生產性下降。於多分散度為2.5以上時,因低分子量成分增加導致強度下降或因高分子量成分
增加導致黏度上升,故而加工性或耐油性下降。
再者,SEC測定係以如下條件實施。
裝置:昭和電工公司製造之Shodex「SYSTEM-21」
柱:PLgel MIXED-B
溫度:40℃
溶劑:四氫呋喃
流量:1.0ml/分
檢測:RI(Refractive Index,折射率)
濃度:0.2質量%
注入量:100μl
校準曲線:使用標準聚苯乙烯(Polymer Laboratories製造),將溶析時間與溶出量之關係轉換成分子量而求出各種平均分子量(重量平均分子量、數量平均分子量等)。
於丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚物中,可單獨或併用使用紫外線吸收劑、光穩定劑、及抗氧化劑。
作為紫外線吸收劑,可列舉:2-(5'-甲基-2'-羥基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(5'-第三丁基-2'-羥基苯基)苯并三唑、2-[2'-羥基-3',5'-雙(α,α-二甲基苄基)苯基]苯并三唑、2-(3',5'-二-第三丁基-2'-羥基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(3'-第三丁基-5'-甲基-2'-羥基苯基)-5-氯苯并三唑、2-(3',5'-二-第三丁基-2'-羥基苯基)-5-氯苯并三唑、2-(3',5'-二-第三戊基-2'-羥基苯基)苯并三唑、2-[3'-(3",4",5",6"-四氫鄰苯二甲醯亞胺甲基)-5'-甲基-2'-羥基苯基]苯并三唑、2,2'-亞甲基雙[4-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)-6-(2H-苯并三唑-2-基)苯酚]等苯并三唑系紫外線吸收劑,2-乙氧基-2'-乙基草醯雙苯胺、2-乙氧基-5-第三丁基-2'-乙基草醯雙苯胺及2-乙氧基-4'-異癸基苯基草醯雙苯胺等草醯苯胺系紫外線吸收劑,2-羥基-4-正辛氧基二苯甲酮、2,4-二羥基二苯甲酮、2-羥基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮、2-羥
基-4-甲氧基-5-磺基二苯甲酮、2,2'-二羥基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮、2,2'-二羥基-4,4'-二甲氧基二苯甲酮、2-羥基-4-甲氧基-2'-羧基二苯甲酮等二苯甲酮系紫外線吸收劑,水楊酸苯酯、水楊酸對第三丁基苯酯、水楊酸對辛基苯酯等水楊酸系紫外線吸收劑,2-乙基己基-2-氰基-3,3'-二苯基丙烯酸酯、乙基-2-氰基-3,3'-二苯基丙烯酸酯等氰基丙烯酸酯系紫外線吸收劑,金紅石型二氧化鈦、銳鈦礦型二氧化鈦以及經氧化鋁、氧化矽、矽烷偶合劑及鈦系偶合劑等表面處理劑處理所得之氧化鈦等氧化鈦系紫外線穩定劑等。
作為光穩定劑,有癸二酸雙(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)酯、癸二酸雙(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶基)酯、琥珀酸二甲酯-1-(2-羥基乙基)-4-羥基-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶縮聚物、聚[[6,(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)胺基-1,3,5-三-2,4-二基][(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)亞胺基]六亞甲基[(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)亞胺基]]及1-[2-[3-(3,5-二-第三丁基-4-羥基苯基)丙醯氧基]乙基]-4-[3-(3,5-二-第三丁基-4-羥基苯基)丙醯氧基]-2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶等。
作為抗氧化劑,可列舉:三乙二醇-雙[3-(3-第三丁基-5-甲基-4-羥基苯基)丙酸酯]、2,4-雙(正辛硫基)-6-(4-羥基-3,5-二-第三丁基苯胺基)-1,3,5-三、季戊四醇基四[3-(3,5-二-第三丁基-4-羥基苯基)丙酸酯]、十八烷基-3-(3,5-二-第三丁基-4-羥基苯基)丙酸酯、2,2-硫代雙(4-甲基-6-第三丁基苯酚)及1,3,5-三甲基-2,4,6-三(3,5-二-第三丁基-4-羥基苄基)苯等酚系抗氧化劑,3,3'-硫代二丙酸二-十三烷基酯、3,3'-硫代二丙酸二月桂酯、3,3'-硫代二丙酸二-十四烷基酯、3,3'-硫代二丙酸二硬脂酯、3,3'-硫代二丙酸二辛酯等硫系抗氧化劑,亞磷酸三壬基苯酯、4,4'-亞丁基-雙(3-甲基-6-第三丁基苯基-二-十三烷基)亞磷酸酯、(十三烷基)季戊四醇亞磷酸酯、雙(十八烷基)季戊四醇二亞磷酸酯、雙(二-第三丁基苯基)季戊四醇二亞磷酸酯、雙(二-第三丁基-4-甲
基苯基)季戊四醇二亞磷酸酯、磷酸二壬基苯基辛酯、四(2,4-二-第三丁基苯基)1,4-亞苯基-二-磷酸酯、四(2,4-二-第三丁基苯基)4,4'-伸聯苯基-二-磷酸酯、10-癸氧基-9,10-二氫-9-氧雜-10-磷雜菲等磷系抗氧化劑。
於丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚物中,亦可根據用途而於不損及本發明目的之範圍內調配潤滑劑、塑化劑、著色劑、抗靜電劑、阻燃劑、礦物油等添加劑,玻璃纖維、碳纖維及芳族聚醯胺纖維等補強纖維,滑石、氧化矽、雲母、碳酸鈣等填充劑。
本實施形態之雙軸延伸片材係將丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚物雙軸延伸而成。作為雙軸延伸片材之製造方法,例如為如下製造方法:藉由擠出機對丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚物進行熔融混練並自模頭(特別是T模頭)中擠出,繼而沿雙軸方向依次或同時延伸。雙軸延伸片材之厚度並無特別限定,通常為0.05mm以上且未達0.6mm,較佳為0.1mm以上且未達0.5mm。
於將雙軸延伸片材之MD(Machine Direction;片材流動方向)延伸倍率設為A、將TD(Transverse Direction;垂直於片材流動方向之方向)延伸倍率設為B時,以A×B表示之面倍率較佳為4~10倍。再者,於該面倍率中,MD延伸倍率及TD延伸倍率均較佳為1.5~3.5倍。於A、B、A×B中之任一者為上述範圍外之情形時,片材產生厚度不均,對該片材進行熱板成形而獲得之容器存在挫曲強度下降之虞而欠佳。再者,更佳為面倍率為4~8倍,且MD延伸倍率及TD延伸倍率分別為2.0~3.0倍。
本發明中所謂延伸倍率,係雙軸延伸片材之試片於加熱前後變化之比率,具體而言係指藉由下式、即延伸倍率=Y/Z(單位[倍])而算出之值。於該式中,Y表示於加熱前對雙軸延伸片材之試片於MD及TD上所劃之直線之長度[mm],Z表示於溫度較依據JIS(Japanese
Industrial Standards,日本工業標準)K7206所測定之片材之維氏軟化點溫度高30℃的烘箱內,將上述試片靜置60分鐘而使其收縮後之上述直線之長度[mm]。
於雙軸延伸片材中,於將MD方向之最大配向緩和應力設為a、將TD方向之最大配向緩和應力設為b時,a、b分別為0.2MPa~0.6MPa,MD方向之最大配向緩和應力與TD方向之最大配向緩和應力的差之絕對值| a-b |為0.3MPa以下,較佳為a、b為0.3MPa~0.5MPa且| a-b |為0.15MPa以下。於a、b未達0.2MPa之情形時,片材強度下降,耐折性變差。又,於超過0.6MPa之情形時,收縮力變高,故而容易引起油附著時之白化,成形性下降等而欠佳。若| a-b |超過0.3MPa,則MD、TD方向之收縮力不同,故容易發生成形性不良或成形品之應變而欠佳。
於雙軸延伸片材中,可含有源自鏈轉移劑或抗氧化劑之硫化合物,該硫成分之含量(硫含量)為0ppm以上且未達100ppm,較佳為10~95ppm,更佳為30~70ppm。若硫含量為100ppm以上,則於熱成形時產生源自硫化合物之臭氣,使作業環境下降。硫含量可藉由ICP-MS(感應耦合電漿質譜分析裝置)而測定。
雙軸延伸片材中之揮發性物質之含量較佳為200~2000ppm。揮發性物質係指食品衛生法中所規定之揮發性物質。作為揮發性物質之具體例,可列舉苯乙烯、甲苯、乙基苯、正丙基苯、異丙基苯、丙烯腈,揮發性物質之含量為該等揮發成分之總量。揮發性物質之含量係藉由變更聚合時之脫揮步驟之溫度或調整時間而調整。於揮發性物質之含量未達200ppm之情形時,需要設定為引起樹脂之分解或變色等般之高溫,故而欠佳,調整時間延長需要使生產性大幅地下降,故而欠佳。若揮發性物質之含量超過2000ppm,則與硫成分相同地,於熱成形時產生臭氣等使作業環境下降。揮發性物質之含量可藉由氣相層
析法而測定。
關於丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚物雙軸延伸片材,可為了實現片材化而於進行熔融混練時或原料製造時,於不損及本發明目的之範圍內視需要而含有抗氧化劑、潤滑劑、脫模劑、塑化劑、顏料、染料、發泡劑、發泡成核劑、無機填料、抗靜電劑等公知之添加劑。
藉由對與食品接觸之片材表面塗敷親水性之防霧劑,即於雙軸延伸片材之至少一表面上進而設置防霧劑層,可提高耐油性。
作為防霧劑,可列舉:非離子性界面活性劑,例如蔗糖脂肪酸酯、山梨糖醇酐單硬脂酸酯、山梨糖醇酐單棕櫚酸酯、山梨糖醇酐單山崳酸酯、山梨糖醇酐單褐煤酸酯等山梨糖醇酐脂肪酸酯系界面活性劑,甘油單月桂酸酯、甘油單棕櫚酸酯、甘油單硬脂酸酯、二甘油二硬脂酸酯、三甘油單硬脂酸酯、四甘油單褐煤酸酯等甘油脂肪酸酯系界面活性劑,聚乙二醇單棕櫚酸酯、聚乙二醇單硬脂酸酯等聚乙二醇系界面活性劑,烷基苯酚之環氧烷加成物、山梨糖醇酐/甘油縮合物與有機酸之酯;聚氧乙烯(2莫耳)硬脂胺、聚氧乙烯(2莫耳)月桂胺、聚氧乙烯(4莫耳)硬脂胺等聚氧乙烯烷基胺化合物、聚氧乙烯(2莫耳)硬脂胺單硬脂酸酯、聚氧乙烯(2莫耳)硬脂胺二硬脂酸酯、聚氧乙烯(4莫耳)硬脂胺單硬脂酸酯、聚氧乙烯(4莫耳)硬脂胺二硬脂酸酯、聚氧乙烯(8莫耳)硬脂胺單硬脂酸酯、聚氧乙烯(2莫耳)硬脂胺單山崳酸酯、聚氧乙烯(2莫耳)月桂胺硬脂酸酯等聚氧乙烯烷基胺化合物之脂肪酸酯,聚氧乙烯(2莫耳)十八醯胺等聚氧乙烯烷基胺化合物之脂肪酸醯胺等胺基系界面活性劑等。作為防霧劑,除此之外可列舉:聚乙烯醇及其共聚物(例如與丙烯醯胺、聚乙烯吡咯啶酮之共聚物)、聚乙烯吡咯啶酮及其共聚物(例如與乙酸乙烯酯之共聚物)、纖維素系衍生物(羥甲基纖維素、羥乙基纖維素等)、澱粉衍生物、明膠、阿拉伯膠、酪蛋白、三仙膠、肝糖、甲殼素、聚葡萄胺糖、瓊脂糖、角叉菜
膠、肝素、玻糖醛酸、果膠、木糖葡聚糖、聚環氧乙烷、聚環氧丙烷、水溶性醇酸樹脂、水溶性環氧樹脂、水溶性酚樹脂、水溶性脲樹脂、水溶性三聚氰胺樹脂、水溶性胺基樹脂、水溶性聚醯胺樹脂、水溶性丙烯酸系樹脂、水溶性聚羧酸鹽、水溶性聚酯樹脂、水溶性聚胺基甲酸酯樹脂、水溶性多元醇樹脂、或者對該等聚合體進行化學修飾所得者等所代表之水溶性高分子等。
作為將防霧劑塗敷至雙軸延伸片材上之方法,並無特別限定,簡便而言可列舉使用輥式塗佈機、刮刀塗佈機、凹版輥式塗佈機等進行塗敷之方法。又,亦可採用噴霧、浸漬等。
防霧劑塗佈後之水接觸角、即雙軸延伸片材之防霧劑層之表面之水接觸角較佳為5~15°。於水接觸角未達5°之情形時,存在表面成為黏著狀態而容易產生成形時之外觀不良或污物附著等課題。於水接觸角為15°以上之情形時,親油性變高,無法獲得作為保護膜之效果。水接觸角可依據JIS R 3257而測定。
其次,對本實施形態之包裝用容器進行說明。圖1係表示包裝用容器之一實施形態之立體圖,圖2係該包裝用容器之側視圖。如圖1、2所示,包裝用容器1具備可收容內容物之本體部2、蓋部3、及將本體部2與蓋部3彼此連結之樞接部4。包裝用容器1係將上述雙軸延伸片材成形而成。蓋部3可如圖2(a)、(b)所示般開閉。藉由本體部2與蓋部3例如彼此嵌合,蓋部3成為蓋合之狀態(圖2(b))。於在雙軸延伸片材上設置有防霧劑層之情形時,較佳為防霧劑層之表面成為內容物接觸面(於本體部2及蓋部3之內側配置防霧劑層之表面)。
蓋部3蓋合之狀態(圖2(b))下之樞接部4之曲率半徑(自樞接部4延伸之方向觀察樞接部4時之(圖2(b)之側視時之)樞接部4的曲率半徑)較佳為2~10mm。於蓋部3蓋合之狀態下之樞接部4之曲率半徑未達2mm之情形時,樞接部4之應變增大,片材容易白化。於蓋部3蓋合之
狀態下之樞接部4之曲率半徑超過10mm之情形時,因形狀不良或樞接部4之薄壁化而發生蓋合蓋部3時之嵌合不良。又,因薄壁化而成為於評估耐油性時產生破裂之原因。
包裝用容器1可較佳地使用於食品包裝用途、即以食品作為內容物(本體部2收容食品)之用途。於將包裝用容器1用於食品包裝用途之情形時,作為用於雙軸延伸片材之材料,較佳為使用食品添加物公定書或聚烯烴衛生協議會之肯定列表(positive list)等中註冊之衛生性、穩定性得到公開認可之材料。
為了獲得包裝用容器1,例如只要使用市售之普通之熱板壓空成形機即可。使用之成形機較理想的是可設定於熱板上壓接片材之時間或利用壓空進行成形之時間、自片材壓接切換成壓空成形之時滯、成形週期等之類型之成形機。該等方法例如係記載於高分子學會編「塑膠加工技術手冊」日刊工業報社(1995)。
以下示出所使用之丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚物之實驗例。
將作為容積為約20L之完全混合型攪拌槽之第一反應器與作為容積為約40L之帶有攪拌機的塔式活塞流型反應器之第二反應器串列連接,進而2基串列連接帶有預熱器之脫揮槽而構成。對包含丙烯腈10質量%、苯乙烯90質量%之單體溶液85質量份,混合乙基苯15質量份、過氧化異丙基單碳酸第三丁酯0.01質量份、第三-十二烷基硫醇0.25質量份而製成原料溶液。將該原料溶液以每小時6.0kg導入至經控制於125℃之第一反應器中。自第一反應器中連續地抽出反應液,將該反應液朝流動方向導入至以形成125℃至160℃之梯度之方式調整之第二反應器中。繼而,利用預熱器加熱至160℃後,導入至經減壓至67kPa之第一脫揮槽中,進而利用預熱器加熱至230℃後,導入至
經減壓至1.3kPa之第二脫揮槽中而去除殘留單體及溶劑。將其以繩狀擠出並切斷,藉此獲得顆粒形狀之丙烯腈-苯乙烯系共聚物(AS-1)。(AS-1)之組成如表1所記載般為丙烯腈單元10質量%、苯乙烯單元90質量%,重量平均分子量為150000,多分散度為2.3。
調整實驗例1之各種原料添加量,獲得表1所記載之丙烯腈-苯乙烯樹脂(AS-2~16)。
對丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚物(a)使用片材擠出機(T模頭寬度500mm、 40mm之擠壓機(田邊塑膠機械公司製造)),於擠出溫度230℃下獲得厚度為1.2mm之未延伸片材。藉由批次式雙軸延伸機(東洋精機)將該片材預熱至140℃,以應變速度0.1/sec以MD方向2.4倍、TD方向2.4倍(面倍率5.8倍)進行延伸,獲得厚度為0.21mm之雙軸延伸片材。進而,藉由棒式塗佈機以5g/m2塗敷1%蔗糖月桂酸酯(RIKEMAL A(第一工業製藥股份有限公司製造)),利用105℃之烘箱乾燥1分鐘。乾燥後之塗佈表面之水接觸角為10度。該雙軸延伸片材之硫含量為50ppm,揮發性物質含量為1000ppm。
對所獲得之片材藉由以下方法進行物性測定、評估。結果係記載於表2。
[延伸倍率]
對於雙軸延伸片材之試片,於MD及TD上劃100mm之直線Y,於溫度較依據JIS K7206所測定之片材之維氏軟化點溫度高30℃的烘箱內,將上述試片靜置60分鐘而使其收縮後,測定上述直線之長度Z[mm],藉由下式、即延伸倍率=Y/Z、單位[倍]而算出。
[最大配向緩和應力(耐收縮性)]
自雙軸延伸片材獲得20mm×200mm×0.2mm之試片。將該試片
之兩端固定,浸漬於130℃之油浴中後,算出負載成為最大時之應力值。將此時之MD方向之應力值設為最大配向緩和應力a,將TD方向之應力值設為最大緩和應力b而求出| a-b |。
[硫含量]
藉由ICP-MS(感應耦合電漿質譜分析裝置)而測定。
[揮發性物質含量]
將雙軸延伸片材破碎,準確稱量其約0.5g,溶解於四氫呋喃50ml中,添加二乙基苯標準液1ml,以四氫呋喃進行稀釋並定容成20ml,利用氣相層析儀進行測定。
[水接觸角]
依據JIS R 3257,利用接觸角計DM-701(協和界面化學),試驗液使用蒸餾水,滴加量為2μL,對自滴加後30秒後之接觸角進行測定。
[樹脂之生產性]
對於聚合中所使用之各單體,藉由氣相層析法算出共聚物中之未反應單體,根據以下之式求出單體實際上聚合之比率(聚合率),評估樹脂之生產性。
聚合率(%)=聚合體質量÷(聚合體質量+未反應單體之質量)×100
○:聚合率為90.0%~100%
△:聚合率為80.0%以上且未達90.0%
×:聚合率未達80%
[片材製膜性]
利用微計測器對將雙軸延伸片材在MD方向及TD方向上以50mm之間隔設為格子狀時之交點25點測定厚度,算出平均厚度及其標準偏差σ,對於厚度係以數值進行評估,對於厚度不均係以下述基準評估標準偏差σ,作為製膜性之評估。
○:σ未達0.03mm
△:σ為0.03mm以上且未達0.07mm
×:σ為0.07mm以上
[片材強度]
依據JIS K-6251,將雙軸延伸片材切割成1號型試樣形狀,使用島津製作所AGS-100D型拉伸試驗機以拉伸速度500mm/min進行測定並進行評估。
○:超過60MPa
△:40~60MPa
×:未達40MPa
[耐折性]
依據ASTM(American Society for Testing Materials,美國材料試驗協會)D2176,測定片材擠出方向(縱向)及垂直於該方向之方向(橫向)之耐彎折強度。求出縱橫之平均值而進行評估。
○:10次以上
△:5次以上且未達10次
×:未達5次
[透明性]
依據JIS K-7361-1藉由測霧計NDH5000(日本電色公司)進行測定。於進行測定時,使用藉由上述操作製作之0.21mm厚之雙軸延伸片材。
○:未達1.0%
△:1.0~2.0%
×:超過2.0%
[色相]
將10張厚度為0.21mm之延伸片材重疊,藉由分光測色計CM-2500d(Konica Minolta)之SCI(Specular Component Include,包含鏡面
正反射光)測定(包括正反射光)而獲得之b值進行評估。
○:未達3
△:3~5
×:超過5
[成形性]
利用熱板成形機HPT-400A(脇阪工程製造),以熱板溫度135℃、加熱時間2.0秒之條件成形嵌合食品包裝(本體部尺寸為縱130×橫110×深28mm,蓋部尺寸為縱130×橫110×高25mm,樞接部之曲率半徑為3mm),對外觀進行評估。又,對蓋合成形品之蓋時之嵌合狀態進行評估。
○:良好
△:輕微之白化,輕微之水滴
×:明顯之白化,明顯之水滴,形狀不良,嵌合不良(偏移、脫落、歪斜)(無法製品化)
[容器成形時之臭氣]
利用熱板成形機HPT-400A(脇阪工程製造),以熱板溫度135℃、加熱時間2.0秒之條件成形10張嵌合食品包裝後,對熱板成形機周邊之氛圍之臭味進行官能評估。
○:無特異性之臭味
△:稍許感覺到異臭
×:感覺到刺鼻程度之臭味
[耐油性(耐化學品性)]
利用熱板成形機HPT-400A(脇阪工程製造)成形具有樞接部之嵌合食品包裝,將10×10mm之滲入有沙拉油(日清製油公司製造)、蛋黃醬(味之素公司製造)之試驗液之紗布貼附至樞接部,於60℃烘箱內靜置24小時並進行附著部之表面觀察。
○:無變化
△:稍許有白化
×:有明顯之白化、開孔
[微波爐耐性]
於嵌合食品包裝蓋部之內側中央以2×2cm附著蛋黃醬,向容器本體中加入100g之水,蓋合蓋容器並利用1500W之微波爐加熱30分鐘後,藉由目測對附著蛋黃醬之部分之狀態進行評估。
○:無變化
△:容器稍許變形
×:有白化,有開孔,容器明顯變形(無法製品化)
藉由與實施例1相同之方法,以表2、表3中記載之樹脂、延伸條件製作片材並進行評估。結果係示於表2、表3。
藉由與實施例1相同之方法,以表4、表5中記載之樹脂、延伸條件製作片材並進行評估。結果係示於表4、表5。
如表所示,實施例所示之片材係各性能均良好且實現了平衡之片材,但比較例所示之片材係片材強度、耐折性、耐油性等之一部分特性不充分,係實用性較低之片材。
本發明之雙軸延伸片材係透明性、剛性、實用強度、耐熱性、油接觸條件下之耐白化性、耐化學品性、耐收縮性之平衡優異,可較佳地用作包裝食品等之包裝用容器。
Claims (5)
- 一種雙軸延伸片材,其係對丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚物進行雙軸延伸而成者,並且上述共聚物中之丙烯腈單元之含量為10~40質量%,上述共聚物之重量平均分子量為10萬~25萬,多分散度為2.0~2.5,上述雙軸延伸片材之雙軸延伸之面倍率為4~10倍,MD方向及TD方向之最大配向緩和應力分別為0.2~0.6MPa,MD方向之最大配向緩和應力(a)與TD方向之最大配向緩和應力(b)之差的絕對值(| a-b |)為0.3MPa以下,上述雙軸延伸片材中之硫含量為0ppm以上且未達100ppm,揮發性物質之含量為200~2000ppm。
- 如請求項1之雙軸延伸片材,其中於上述雙軸延伸片材之至少一表面上進而設置防霧劑層,上述防霧劑層之表面之水接觸角為5~15°。
- 一種包裝用容器,其係將如請求項1或2之雙軸延伸片材成形而成,具備本體部、蓋部、及將上述本體部與上述蓋部彼此連結之樞接部。
- 一種包裝用容器,其係將如請求項2之雙軸延伸片材成形而成,具備本體部、蓋部、及將上述本體部與上述蓋部彼此連結之樞接部,上述防霧劑層之表面為內容物接觸面。
- 如請求項3或4之包裝用容器,其中上述本體部為收容食品之本體部, 蓋合上述蓋部之狀態下之上述樞接部之曲率半徑為2~10mm。
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