TW201402673A - 家電材料用及汽車內裝材料用烯烴樹脂組成物之製造方法 - Google Patents
家電材料用及汽車內裝材料用烯烴樹脂組成物之製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- TW201402673A TW201402673A TW102107647A TW102107647A TW201402673A TW 201402673 A TW201402673 A TW 201402673A TW 102107647 A TW102107647 A TW 102107647A TW 102107647 A TW102107647 A TW 102107647A TW 201402673 A TW201402673 A TW 201402673A
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- Prior art keywords
- olefin resin
- resin composition
- polymerization
- producing
- olefin
- Prior art date
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- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000002530 phenolic antioxidant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 28
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- -1 hydroxylamine compound Chemical class 0.000 description 64
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 23
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 17
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 13
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Natural products C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 8
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- BJFLSHMHTPAZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound [CH]1C=CC=C2N=NN=C21 BJFLSHMHTPAZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 7
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclopentane Chemical compound C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- MGWAVDBGNNKXQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisobutyl phthalate Chemical compound CC(C)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(C)C MGWAVDBGNNKXQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 6
- 241000208340 Araliaceae Species 0.000 description 5
- YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1 YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 description 5
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- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptamethylene Natural products C1CCCCCC1 DMEGYFMYUHOHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012748 slip agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 5
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 4
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000005234 alkyl aluminium group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 3
- FQUNFJULCYSSOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisoctrizole Chemical compound N1=C2C=CC=CC2=NN1C1=CC(C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)=CC(CC=2C(=C(C=C(C=2)C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)N2N=C3C=CC=CC3=N2)O)=C1O FQUNFJULCYSSOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 3
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- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 239000012456 homogeneous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 3
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanuric acid Chemical compound OC1=NC(O)=NC(O)=N1 ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M phenolate Chemical compound [O-]C1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
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- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- YONPGGFAJWQGJC-UHFFFAOYSA-K titanium(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)Cl YONPGGFAJWQGJC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylaluminium Chemical compound CC[Al](CC)CC VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FGHOOJSIEHYJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,4-ditert-butylphenyl) dihydrogen phosphite Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(OP(O)O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 FGHOOJSIEHYJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HJIAMFHSAAEUKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-hydroxyphenyl)-phenylmethanone Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 HJIAMFHSAAEUKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- BBLDTXFLAHKYFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,5,5-tetramethyloxolane Chemical compound CC1(C)CCC(C)(C)O1 BBLDTXFLAHKYFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FGQBMYYYVDAGNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-[6-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)hexyl]piperidine Chemical compound C1C(C)(C)NC(C)(C)CC1CCCCCCC1CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C1 FGQBMYYYVDAGNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GXURZKWLMYOCDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol;dihydroxyphosphanyl dihydrogen phosphite Chemical compound OP(O)OP(O)O.OCC(CO)(CO)CO GXURZKWLMYOCDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NGEDIUKJODFHJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[1,4-dioxo-1,4-di(tridecoxy)butan-2-yl]butanedioic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CC(C(CC(=O)O)C(=O)O)C(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCCC NGEDIUKJODFHJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- KCXZNSGUUQJJTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-n-hexyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCC KCXZNSGUUQJJTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2,2-difluorocyclopropane-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1CC1(F)F JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
本發明提供一種可抑制安定劑之總添加量並實現低成本化,且可製造色調良好、耐霧化(fogging)性優異之家電材料.汽車內裝材料用烯烴樹脂組成物之方法。本發明提供一種汽車內裝材料用烯烴樹脂組成物之製造方法,其為使烯烴單體聚合而成之汽車內裝材料用烯烴樹脂組成物之製造方法,其特徵為具備下列步驟:將使以下述通式(1)表示之酚系抗氧化劑以有機鋁化合物進行遮蔽處理者,以對由聚合獲得之烯烴樹脂100質量份而言為0.001~0.5質量份之方式,添加於烯烴單體聚合前或聚合中之步驟。□(式中,R表示可具有分支之碳原子數1~30之烷基、可經取代之碳原子數3~12之環烷基、可具有取代基之碳原子數6~18之芳基)。
Description
本發明係關於家電材料用及汽車內裝材料用烯烴樹脂組成物之製造方法,詳言之,係關於可製造色調、耐結霧性良好之適合作為家電材料用或汽車內裝材料用之烯烴樹脂組成物的家電材料用及汽車內裝材料用之烯烴樹脂組成物之製造方法。
烯烴樹脂對於熱或光缺乏安定性,暴露於高溫之成型加工或強光時容易氧化/劣化,故無法獲得作為塑膠製品所需之壽命。為防止該氧化/劣化,一般進行添加酚系抗氧化劑、磷系抗氧化劑、硫系抗氧化劑、羥基胺化合物、受阻胺化合物、紫外線吸收劑、酸捕捉劑等安定劑。
將安定劑添加於烯烴樹脂中之方法列舉為混合使烯烴單體聚合之烯烴樹脂與安定劑,以擠出機等成形加工機器熔融混練,使安定劑分散於烯烴樹脂中之方法,與在烯烴單體聚合前或聚合中,添加安定劑並聚合,而獲
得經安定化之烯烴樹脂之方法。
然而,藉由熔融混練烯烴樹脂與安定劑而調配之方法,為了對應於安定劑分散不良之問題,不得不添加必要以上之安定劑,於經濟上不利。另一方面,在烯烴單體聚合前或聚合中添加安定劑之方法則有安定劑會妨礙烯烴單體聚合之問題。
又,為使烯烴樹脂長期安定化,雖考慮增量抗氧化劑調配之方法,但大量調配安定劑時,除經濟上不利以外,亦有安定劑本身著色造成影響,使成形品著色等之問題。
烯烴樹脂雖亦採用於家電之外裝或汽車內裝中,但該等物品在日常生活中經常為消費者目光所及,且,近年來,亦有不僅要求功能性,在設計方面之要求亦日益提高之特徵。因此,家電材料或汽車內裝所用之烯烴樹脂尤其重視外觀良好,在要求耐熱性、耐光性等一般特性優異之同時,亦要求耐著色性、耐結霧性優異。
例如,汽車內裝材料中,由於在屋外停車等之於高溫下曝露於強烈日曬,故要求高度的耐光性、耐候著色性。且,所謂結霧意指例如汽車內裝材所含之添加劑因處於高溫而在車內揮發並因外氣冷卻而在玻璃內面冷凝,成為白色霧狀而影響視線之現象,不僅損及外觀,亦由於遮住視線而容易造成安全上障礙。
迄今為止,作為獲得耐熱性、耐候性、耐結霧性優異之家電材料或汽車內裝材料之方法,已有各種提
案。
例如,專利文獻1中揭示將(A)烯烴樹脂、(B)乙烯-α-烯烴系共聚物橡膠、(C)滿足特性條件之樹脂用添加劑,以(A)與(B)之合計量每100重量份,分別添加0.05~0.6重量份、0.05~0.4重量份。至於相當於上述(C)之樹脂用添加劑揭示有分子量200~1500之酚系抗氧化劑、磷系抗氧化劑、分子量200~1000之受阻胺系耐光劑、羥基苯并三唑系耐光劑、碳數10~25之脂肪酸醯胺及/或雙脂肪酸醯胺系滑劑。
專利文獻2中揭示藉由使用茂金屬(metallocene)觸媒作為聚合觸媒進行丙烯之聚合,而抑制低分子量成分之副生,獲得狹窄分子量分布之丙烯系聚合物,藉此,獲得耐結霧性優異之樹脂組成物。
專利文獻1:特開平10-36578號公報
專利文獻2:特開2006-188625號公報
然而,上述專利文獻1記載之方法,所得樹脂組成物之耐結霧性尚非可未滿足者,而要求進一步的改良。又,專利文獻2記載之樹脂組成物因分子量分布狹
窄,故有加工性低,於複雜形狀之成形品中產生大多發生成形不均等之問題。
因此本發明之目的係提供一種抑制安定劑之總添加量以實現低成本化,且可製造色調良好、耐結霧性優異之家電材料.汽車內裝材料用烯烴樹脂組成物之方法。
本發明人等為解決上述課題而重複積極檢討之結果,發現於烯烴單體聚合時添加以有機鋁化合物進行遮蔽處理之特定酚系抗氧化劑,可解上述課題,因而完成本發明。
又,本發明人等迄今為止已在特開2005-206625號公報、特開2005-255953號公報、特開2006-282985號公報等中,提案在既有之觸媒饋入槽或聚合槽中混合烯烴聚合中常用之有機鋁化合物及酚系抗氧化劑進行遮蔽處理,而可不降低聚合觸媒之活性使聚合物安定化之方法,但上述文獻中,完全未觸及耐結霧性改善之效果。
亦即,本發明之汽車內裝材料用烯烴樹脂組成物之製造方法為使烯烴單體聚合而成之汽車內裝材料用烯烴樹脂組成物之製造方法,其特徵為具備下列步驟:
將使以下述通式(1)表示之酚系抗氧化劑以有機鋁化合物進行遮蔽處理者,以對由聚合獲得之烯烴樹脂100質量份而言為0.001~0.5質量份之方式,添加於烯烴單體
聚合前或聚合中之步驟,
(式中,R表示可具有分支之碳原子數1~30之烷基、可經取代之碳原子數3~12之環烷基、可具有取代基之碳原子數6~18之芳基)。
另外,本發明之家電材料用烯烴樹脂組成物之製造方法為使烯烴單體聚合而成之家電材料用烯烴樹脂組成物之製造方法,其特徵為具備下列步驟:
將使以下述通式(1)表示之酚系抗氧化劑以有機鋁化合物進行遮蔽處理者,以對由聚合獲得之烯烴樹脂100質量份而言為0.001~0.5質量份之方式,添加於烯烴單體聚合前或聚合中之步驟,
(式中,R表示可具有分支之碳原子數1~30之烷基、可經取代之碳原子數3~12之環烷基、可具有取代基之碳原子數6~18之芳基)。
本發明之汽車內裝材料用烯烴樹脂組成物之製造方法中,前述有機鋁化合物較好為三烷基鋁。
本發明之家電材料用烯烴樹脂組成物之製造方法中,前述有機鋁化合物較好為三烷基鋁。
本發明之汽車內裝材料用烯烴樹脂組成物之製造方法中,較好在具有乙烯性不飽和鍵之單體聚合前或聚合中進一步添加磷系抗氧化劑。
本發明之家電材料用烯烴樹脂組成物之製造方法中,較好在具有乙烯性不飽和鍵之單體聚合前或聚合中進一步添加磷系抗氧化劑。
本發明之汽車內裝材之特徵為其係使以上述之汽車內裝材料用烯烴樹脂組成物之製造方法所製造之汽車內裝材料用烯烴樹脂組成物成形而成。
本發明之家電外裝材之特徵為其係使以上述之家電材料用烯烴樹脂組成物之製造方法所製造之家電材料用烯烴樹脂組成物成形而成。
依據本發明,可提供一種抑制安定劑之總添加量而實現低成本化,且可製造色調良好、耐結霧性優異之家電材料.汽車內裝材料用烯烴樹脂組成物之方法。較好,以本發明之製造方法獲得之家電材料.汽車內裝材料用烯烴樹脂組成物在依據ISO6452進行之耐結霧性試驗中,不會出現結霧性。
本發明之汽車內裝材料用烯烴樹脂組成物之製造方法、家電材料用烯烴樹脂組成物之製造方法之特徵為相對於藉由聚合獲得之聚合物100質量份,分別將0.001~0.5質量份之以有機鋁遮蔽處理以下述通式(1)表示之酚系抗氧化劑而成者調配於烯烴單體聚合前或聚合中,
(式中,R表示可具有分支之碳原子數1~30之烷基、可經取代之碳原子數3~12之環烷基、可具有取代基之碳原子數6~18之芳基)。
前述通式(1)中之以R表示之可具有分支之碳原子數1~30之烷基列舉為例如甲基、乙基、丙基、異丙基、丁基、第二丁基、第三丁基、異丁基、戊基、異戊基、第三戊基、己基、庚基、正辛基、異辛基、第三辛基、壬基、異壬基、癸基、十一烷基、十二烷基、十三烷基、十四烷基、十五烷基、十六烷基、十七烷基、十八烷基等。本發明中,以碳原子數12~24者最佳。烷基之碳原子數少於12之酚系抗氧化劑會有容易揮發之情況,烷基之碳原子數超過24時,酚相對於酚系抗氧化劑之分子量之比例下降,而有安定化效果下降之情況。
該等烷基亦可經氧原子、硫原子或下述之芳
基中斷,烷基中之氫原子亦可經羥基、氰基、烯基、烯氧基等鏈狀脂肪族基、吡咯、呋喃、噻吩、咪唑、噁唑、噻唑、吡唑、異噁唑、異噻唑、吡啶、嗒嗪、咪啶、吡嗪、哌啶、哌嗪、嗎啉、2H-吡喃、4H-吡喃、苯基、聯苯、三苯、萘、蒽、吡咯啶、吡啶、吲哚啶、吲哚、異吲哚、吲唑、嘌呤、喹啉啶、喹啉、異喹啉、或環烷基等環狀脂肪族基取代。另外,亦可組合該等中斷或取代。
前述通式(1)中之以R表示之可經取代之碳原子數3~12之環烷基列舉為例如環丙基、環戊基、環己基、環庚基、環辛基、環壬基、環癸基等,環烷基中之氫原子亦可經烷基、烯基、烯氧基、羥基或氰基取代,該烷基亦可經氧原子或硫原子中斷。
前述通式(1)中之以R表示之可具有取代基之碳原子數6~18之芳基列舉為例如苯基、甲基苯基、丁基苯基、辛基苯基、4-羥基苯基、3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基、4-第三丁基苯基、聯苯基、萘基、甲基萘基、蒽基、菲基、苄基、苯乙基、1-苯基-1-甲基乙基等。且,芳基中之氫原子亦可經烷基、烯基、烯氧基、羥基或氰基取代,該烷基亦可經氧原子或硫原子中斷。
以通式(1)表示之酚性抗氧化劑之具體構造之例列舉為下述化合物No.1~No.16。但,本發明並不受以下化合物之限制。
上述酚系抗氧化劑係以相對於由聚合獲得之聚合物(以下亦簡稱為聚合物)100質量份成為0.001~0.5質量份,較好為0.001~0.3質量份之方式添加。
本發明中,尤其以硬脂基-3-(3,5-二第三丁基-4-羥基苯基)丙酸醯胺、棕櫚基-3-(3,5-二第三丁基-4-羥基苯基)丙酸醯胺、肉荳蔻基-3-(3,5-二第三丁基-4-羥基苯基)丙酸醯胺、月桂基-3-(3,5-二第三丁基-4-羥基
苯基)丙酸醯胺等之以通式(1)表示之3-(3,5-二烷基-4-羥基苯基)丙酸之醯胺化合物之安定化效果獲得之烯烴樹脂組成物之色調優異故較佳。
本發明中,藉由混合有機鋁化合物與酚系抗氧化劑,可容易地以有機鋁化合物取代酚系抗氧化劑之酚性羥基之氫,且可以有機鋁遮蔽酚系抗氧化劑。至於有機鋁化合物係使用如可藉由以水、醇、酸等供氫性化合物處理經遮蔽之酚系抗氧化劑而再生成酚之有機鋁化合物。
上述有機鋁化合物可使用例如烷基鋁、氫化烷基鋁等,但以烷基鋁較佳,最好為三烷基鋁,具體而言列舉為三甲基鋁、三乙基鋁、三正丙基鋁、三異丁基鋁、三正己基鋁、三正辛基鋁等。前述有機鋁化合物均可以混合物使用。另外,亦可同樣使用藉由烷基鋁或氫化烷基鋁與水之反應獲得之茂金屬鋁。
本發明之製造方法中,上述經遮蔽之酚系抗氧化劑係添加於烯烴單體之聚合前或聚合中,但添加部位列舉為例如聚合系、觸媒系或調配管。
上述所謂遮蔽方法若為在惰性溶劑中混合.攪拌有機鋁化合物與酚系抗氧化劑即可。以該方法之反應中,副生之化合物對聚合物無影響時可直接使用,但副生之化合物會阻礙聚合時,較好藉由減壓餾除該化合物去除後使用。
有機鋁化合物及以前述通式(1)表示之酚系抗氧化劑之混合比以質量比計,較好為1/5~100/1。少於
1/5時,會有過量之酚系抗氧化劑對觸媒活性造成不良影響之問題,多於100/1時,聚合後鋁化合物會殘留於聚合物中,有使聚合物物性下降,影響到觸媒金屬之成分比而無法進行期望之聚合之情況。
上述惰性溶劑列舉為脂肪族及芳香族烴化合物。至於脂肪族烴化合物列舉為例如正戊烷、正己烷、正庚烷、正辛烷、異辛烷及純化煤油等飽和烴化合物,環戊烷、環己烷、環庚烷等環狀飽和烴化合物等,至於芳香族烴化合物列舉為例如苯、甲苯、乙基苯及二甲苯等之化合物。該等化合物中,較好使用正己烷或正庚烷。惰性溶劑中之三烷基鋁鹽之濃度較好為0.001~0.5mol/L之範圍,最好為0.01~0.1mol/L。
本發明之汽車內裝材料用烯烴樹脂組成物之製造方法、家電材料用烯烴樹脂組成物之製造方法中,進一步將磷系抗氧化劑添加於具有乙烯性不飽和鍵之單體之聚合前或聚合中。
上述磷系抗氧化劑列舉為例如三苯基亞磷酸酯、參壬基苯基亞磷酸酯、參(2,4-二第三丁基苯基)亞磷酸酯、參(2,4-二第三丁基-5-甲基苯基)亞磷酸酯、參[2-第三丁基-4-(3-第三丁基-4-羥基-5-甲基苯硫基)-5-甲基苯基]亞磷酸酯、十三烷基亞磷酸酯、辛基二苯基亞磷酸酯、二(癸基)單苯基亞磷酸酯、二(十三烷基)季戊四醇二亞磷酸酯、二(壬基苯基)季戊四醇二亞磷酸酯、雙(2,4-二第三丁基苯基)季戊四醇二亞磷酸酯、雙(2,6-二第三
丁基-4-甲基苯基)季戊四醇二亞磷酸酯、雙(2,4,6-三-第三丁基苯基)季戊四醇二亞磷酸酯、雙(2,4-二異丙苯基苯基)季戊四醇二亞磷酸酯、四(十三烷基)異亞丙基二酚二亞磷酸酯、四(十三烷基)-4,4’-正亞丁基雙(2-第三丁基-5-甲基酚)二亞磷酸酯、六(十三烷基)-1,1,3-參(2-甲基-4-羥基-5-第三丁基苯基)丁烷三亞磷酸酯、肆(2,4-二-第三丁基苯基)伸聯苯二亞磷酸酯、9,10-二氫-9-氧雜-10-磷雜菲-10-氧化物、2,2’-亞甲基雙(4,6-第三丁基苯基)-2-乙基己基亞磷酸酯、2,2’-亞甲基雙(4,6-第三丁基苯基)-十八烷基亞磷酸酯、2,2’-亞乙基雙(4,6-二-第三丁基苯基)氟亞磷酸酯、參(2-[(2,4,8,10-肆第三丁基二苯并[d,f][1,3,2]二氧雜磷雜環庚-6-基)氧基]乙基)胺、2-乙基-2-丁基丙二醇與2,4,6-三-第三丁基酚之亞磷酸酯等。其中以如參(2,4-二第三丁基苯基)亞磷酸酯之即使在聚合前添加亦不會對聚合造成不良影響之磷系抗氧化劑較佳。上述磷系抗氧化劑之使用量相對於聚合所得之聚合物100質量份為0.001~1質量份,更好為0.001~0.5質量份。
於乙烯性不飽和單體聚合前或聚合中添加前述磷系抗氧化劑時,係與前述惰性溶劑混合使用,但可預先與以前述通式(1)表示之酚系抗氧化劑一起與惰性溶劑混合,亦可與以前述通式(1)表示之酚系抗氧化另外與前述惰性溶劑混合,並添加於聚合系、觸媒系或配管中。
上述具有乙烯性不飽和鍵之單體列舉為例如乙烯、丙烯、1-丁烯、1-己烯、3-甲基-1-丁烯、3-甲基-1-戊烯、4-甲基-1-戊烯、乙烯基環烷、苯乙烯或該等之衍生物等。較好單獨使用上述具有乙烯性不飽和鍵之單體中之一種。
乙烯性不飽和單體之聚合有必要在聚合觸媒存在下,於氮氣等惰性氣體環境中進行,但亦可在上述惰性溶劑中進行。另外,在不妨礙聚合之範圍內,亦可添加活性氫化合物、微粒子狀擔體、有機鋁化合物、離子交換性層狀化合物、無機矽酸鹽。
上述聚合觸媒並無特別限制,可利用習知之聚合觸媒,例如週期表第3~11族之過渡金屬(例如,鈦、鋯、鉿、鈀、鐵、鎳、鉛、鉑、釔、釤等)之化合物,代表性者列舉為齊格勒(Ziegler)觸媒、含有鈦之固體狀過渡金屬成分與有機金屬成分所成之齊格勒-納塔(Ziegler-Natta)觸媒、由具有至少一個環戊二烯骨架之週期表第4族~第6族之過渡金屬化合物與輔觸媒成分所組成之茂金屬觸媒,但使用供電子性化合物時由於獲得高品質之聚合物故較佳。
上述齊格勒觸媒列舉為例如使以有機鋁等使四氯化鈦還原獲得之三氯化鈦或三氯化鈦組成物進一步以供電子性化合物處理而活化者(例如特開昭47-34478號公報、特開昭58-23806號公報、特開昭63-146906號公報),由以有機鋁化合物使四氯化鈦還原,再以電子供予
體及電子接受體處理所得之三氯化鈦組成物、與有機鋁化合物及芳香族羧酸酯所組成之觸媒(參照特開昭56-100806號公報、特開昭56-120712號公報、特開昭58-104907號公報等),以及以鹵化鎂擔持由四氯化鈦與各種電子供予體所成之擔持型觸媒(參照特開昭57-63310號公報、特開昭58-157808號公報、特開昭58-83006號公報、特開昭58-5310號公報、特開昭61-218606號公報、特開昭63-43915號公報、特開昭63-83116號公報等)等。
上述茂金屬觸媒列舉為例如特開平9-12621號公報中所記載之過渡金屬茂金屬觸媒或特開平5-043616號公報、特開平5-295022-號公報、特開平5-301917號公報、特開平6-239914號公報、特開平6-239915號公報、特開平6-239917號公報、特開平7-082311號公報、特開平7-228621號公報、特開平7-330820號公報、特開平8-059724號公報、特開平8-085707號公報、特開平8-085708號公報、特開平8-127613號公報、特開平10-226712號公報、特開平10-259143號公報、特開平10-265490號公報、特開平11-246582號公報、特開平11-279189號公報、特開平11-349633號公報、特開2000-229990號公報、特開2001-206914號公報、特開2002-37795號公報、特開2002-194015號公報、特開2002-194016號公報、特表2002-535339號公報、WO99/37654號公報、WO99/45014號公報及WO00/8036號公報中所記
載之主要用於聚丙烯之聚合之過渡金屬茂金屬觸媒等。
上述供電子性化合物列舉為醚系化合物、酯系化合物、酮系化合物、烷氧基矽烷系化合物等。上述供電子性化合物可添加單獨之化合物,亦可視需要添加複數種化合物。
上述醚系化合物列舉為例如二乙基醚、二丙基醚、二異丙基醚、二正丁基醚、二乙二醇二甲基醚、丙二醇二甲基醚、環氧乙烷、四氫呋喃、2,2,5,5-四甲基四氫呋喃、二噁烷等。
上述酯系化合物列舉為例如乙酸甲酯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸正丙酯、乙酸異丙酯、丙酸甲酯、丙酸乙酯、丙酸正丙酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸正丙酯、苯基乙酸乙酯、苯甲酸甲酯、苯甲酸乙酯、苯甲酸苯酯、甲苯酸甲酯、甲苯酸乙酯、茴香酸甲酯、茴香酸乙酯、甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯、甲氧基苯甲酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸乙酯、苯二甲酸二甲酯、苯二甲酸二乙酯、苯二甲酸二丙酯、苯二甲酸二丁酯、苯二甲酸二異丁酯、苯二甲酸二己酯、γ-丁內酯、乙基溶纖素等。
上述酮系化合物列舉為例如丙酮、二乙基酮、甲基乙基酮、苯乙酮等。
上述烷氧基矽烷系化合物列舉為例如四甲氧基矽烷、乙基三甲氧基矽烷、丙基三甲氧基矽烷、異丙基三甲氧基矽烷、第三丁基三甲氧基矽烷、異丁基三甲氧基矽烷、苯基三甲氧基矽烷、環己基三甲氧基矽烷、二乙基
二甲氧基矽烷、二丙基二甲氧基矽烷、二異丙基二甲氧基矽烷、二苯基二甲氧基矽烷、第三丁基甲基二甲氧基矽烷、第三丁基乙基二甲氧基矽烷、第三丁基正丙基二甲氧基矽烷、第三丁基異丙基二甲氧基矽烷、環己基甲基二甲氧基矽烷、四乙氧基矽烷、乙基三乙氧基矽烷、丙基三乙氧基矽烷、異丙基三乙氧基矽烷、第三丁基三乙氧基矽烷、苯基三乙氧基矽烷、環己基三乙氧基矽烷、二乙基二乙氧基矽烷、二丙基二乙氧基矽烷、二異丙基二乙氧基矽烷、二苯基二乙氧基矽烷、第三丁基甲基二乙氧基矽烷、環己基甲基二乙氧基矽烷等。
上述擔體種類並無特別限制,列舉為例如無機氧化物等無機擔體、多孔質聚烯烴等有機擔體,亦可併用複數種者。
上述無機擔體列舉為例如二氧化矽、氧化鋁、氧化鎂、氧化鋯、氧化鈦、氧化鐵、氧化鈣、氧化鋅等。且其他無機擔體列舉為例如氯化鎂、溴化鎂等鹵化鎂、乙氧化鎂等烷氧化鎂、離子交換性層狀化合物。
上述所謂離子交換性層狀化合物係表示具有由離子鍵等構成之面相互以弱的鍵結力平行層合重疊之結晶構造者,且含有之離子係可交換之化合物。離子交換性層狀化合物之具體例列舉為例如高嶺土、膨潤土、滑石、高嶺石、蛭石(vermiculite)、蒙脫石(montmorillonite)群、雲母群、α-Zr(HAsO4)2.H2O、α-Zr(HPO4)2.H2O、α-Sn(HPO4)2.H2O、γ-Ti(NH4PO4)2.H2O等。
上述有機擔體為例如聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、乙烯-丁烯共聚物、乙烯-丙烯共聚物、聚甲基丙烯酸酯、聚丙烯酸酯、聚丙烯腈、聚醯胺、聚碳酸酯、聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯等聚酯、聚氯化乙烯等,該等亦可如例如苯乙烯-二乙烯苯共聚物般予以交聯者。又亦可使用於該等有機擔體上化學鍵結有觸媒者。
該等擔體之粒徑(體積平均)通常為0.1~300μm,較好為1~200μm,更好為10~100μm之範圍。粒徑小於1μm時容易成為微粉狀之聚合物,且太大時由於會生成粗大粒子,故應依據期望之粒子形狀選擇擔體之粒徑。
上述擔體之細孔容積通常為0.1~5cm2/g,較好為0.3~3cm2/g。細孔容積可藉例如BET法或汞壓入法等測定。
進行聚合反應之方法可採用通常使用之方法。例如,在丁烷、戊烷、己烷、庚烷、異辛烷等脂肪族烴、環戊烷、環己烷、甲基環己烷等脂環族烴、甲苯、二甲苯、乙基苯等芳香族烴、石油餾份、氫化柴油餾份等惰性溶劑之存在下於液相中進行聚合之方法,以液化之烯烴本身作為介質之聚合方法,在實質上不存在液相之條件下,以氣相進行聚合之方法,或組合該等之兩種以上之聚合方法均可使用。又,聚合可為批式、連續式之任一種,亦可為單段聚合法或多段聚合法。
上述聚合反應所用之聚合槽只要直接使用既
有之聚合設備中之連續反應槽即可,對於尺寸、形狀、材質等本發明對過去之聚合設備並無特別限制。
上述聚合物中可視需要調配其他常用之添加劑。其他添加劑之調配方法只要不妨礙聚合者即可,可在烯烴單體聚合時添加其他添加劑。烯烴單體聚合後,亦可藉由使其他添加劑以根據目的之調配量與烯烴樹脂混合,以擠出機等成形加工機予以熔融混練並造粒、成形之方法。
至於其他添加劑列舉為例如酚系抗氧化劑、磷系抗氧化劑、硫醚系抗氧化劑、紫外線吸收劑、重金屬惰性化劑、造核劑、難燃劑、金屬皂、水滑石(hydrotalcite)、填充劑、滑劑、抗靜電劑、顏料、染料、可塑劑等。
上述酚系抗氧化劑列舉為例如2,6-二第三丁基-對-甲酚、2,6-二苯基-4-十八烷氧基酚、硬脂基(3.5-二-第三丁基-4-羥基苯基)丙酸酯、二硬脂基(3,5-二-第三丁基-4-羥基苄基)磷酸酯、十三烷基-3,5-二-第三丁基-4-羥基苄基硫代乙酸酯、硫基二伸乙基雙[(3,5-二-第三丁基-4-羥基苯基)丙酸酯]、4,4’-硫基雙(6-第三丁基-間-甲酚)、2-辛硫基-4,6-二(3,5-二-第三丁基-4-羥基苯氧基)-s-三嗪、2,2’-亞甲基雙(4-甲基-6-第三丁基酚)、雙[3,3-雙(4-羥基-3-第三丁基苯基)丁酸]二醇酯、4,4’-亞丁基雙(2,6-二-第三丁基酚)、4,4’-亞丁基雙(6-第三丁基-3-甲基酚)、2,2’-亞乙基雙(4,6-二-第三
丁基酚)、1,1,3-參(2-甲基-4-羥基-5-第三丁基苯基)丁烷、雙[2-第三丁基-4-甲基-6-(2-羥基-3-第三丁基-5-甲基苄基)苯基]苯二甲酸酯、1,3,5-參(2,6-二甲基-3-羥基-4-第三丁基苄基)異氰尿酸酯、1,3,5-參(3,5-二-第三丁基-4-羥基苄基)異氰尿酸酯、1,3,5-參(3,5-二-第三丁基-4-羥基苄基)-2,4,6-三甲基苯、1,3,5-參[(3,5-二-第三丁基-4-羥基苯基)丙醯氧基乙基]異氰尿酸酯、肆[亞甲基-3-(3’,5’-二-第三丁基-4’-羥基苯基)丙酸酯]甲烷、2-第三丁基-4-甲基-6-(2-丙烯醯氧基-3-第三丁基-5-甲基苄基)酚、3,9-雙[2-(3-第三丁基-4-羥基-5-甲基氫桂皮醯氧基)-1,1-二甲基乙基]-2,4,8,10-四氧雜螺[5.5]十一碳烯、三乙二醇雙[β-(3-第三丁基-4-羥基-5-甲基苯基)丙酸酯]及以前述通式(1)表示之酚系抗氧化劑。其中,肆[亞甲基-3-(3’,5’-二-第三丁基-4’-羥基苯基)丙酸酯]甲烷較便宜,且成本效益良好故可較好地使用。
前述磷系抗氧化劑列舉為與上述例示之化合物相同者。
上述硫醚系抗氧化劑列舉為例如肆[亞甲基-3-(月桂硫基)丙酸酯]甲烷、雙(甲基-4-[3-正烷基(C12/C14)硫基丙醯氧基]5-第三丁基苯基)硫醚、二-十三烷基-3,3’-硫基二丙酸酯、二月桂基-3,3’-硫基二丙酸酯、二肉荳蔻基-3,3’-硫基二丙酸酯、二硬脂基-3,3’-硫基二丙酸酯、月桂基/硬脂基硫基二丙酸酯、4,4’-硫基雙(6-第三丁基-間-甲酚)、2,2’-硫基雙(6-第三丁基-對-
甲酚)、二硬脂基-二硫醚。
硫醚系抗氧化劑之使用量相對於前述聚合物100質量份,較好為0.001~0.3質量份,更好為0.01~0.3質量份。
上述紫外線吸收劑列舉為例如2,4-二羥基二苯甲酮、2-羥基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮、2-羥基-4-辛氧基二苯甲酮、5,5’-亞甲基雙(2-羥基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮)等之2-羥基二苯甲酮類;2-(2-羥基-5-甲基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(2-羥基-5-第三辛基苯基)苯并三唑、2-(2-羥基-3,5-二-第三丁基苯基)-5-氯苯并三唑、2-(2-羥基-3-第三丁基-5-甲基苯基)-5-氯苯并三唑、2-(2-羥基-3,5-二異丙苯基苯基)苯并三唑、2,2’-亞甲基雙(4-第三辛基-6-苯并三唑基酚)、2-(2-羥基-3-第三丁基-5-羧基苯基)苯并三唑之聚乙二醇酯、2-[2-羥基-3-(2-丙烯醯氧基乙基)-5-甲基苯基]苯并三唑、2-[2-羥基-3-(2-甲基丙烯醯氧基乙基)-5-第三丁基苯基]苯并三唑、2-[2-羥基-3-(2-甲基丙烯醯氧基乙基)-5-第三辛基苯基]苯并三唑、2-[2-羥基-3-(2-甲基丙烯醯氧基乙基)-5-第三丁基苯基]-5-氯苯并三唑、2-[2-羥基-5-(2-甲基丙烯醯氧基乙基)苯基]苯并三唑、2-[2-羥基-3-第三丁基-5-(2-甲基丙烯醯氧基乙基)苯基]苯并三唑、2-[2-羥基-3-第三戊基-5-(2-甲基丙烯醯氧基乙基)苯基]苯并三唑、2-[2-羥基-3-第三丁基-5-(3-甲基丙烯醯氧基丙基)苯基]-5-氯苯并三唑、2-[2-羥基-4-(2-甲基丙烯醯氧基甲基)苯基]苯并三唑、2-[2-羥基-4-(3-甲基丙烯醯氧基-2-羥基丙基)苯基]苯并三唑、
2-[2-羥基-4-(3-甲基丙烯醯氧基丙基)苯基]苯并三唑等之2-(2-羥基苯基)苯并三唑類;2-(2-羥基-4-甲氧基苯基)-4,6-二苯基-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(2-羥基-4-己氧基苯基)-4,6-二苯基-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(2-羥基-4-辛氧基苯基)-4,6-雙(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-[2-羥基-4-(3-C12~13混合烷氧基-2-羥基丙氧基)苯基]-4,6-雙(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-[2-羥基-4-(2-甲基丙烯醯氧基乙氧基)苯基]-4,6-雙(4-甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(2,4-二羥基-3-烯丙基苯基)-4,6-雙(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2,4,6-參(2-羥基-3-甲基-4-己氧基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪等之2-(2-羥基苯基)-4,6-二芳基-1,3,5-三嗪類;水楊酸苯酯、間苯二酚單苯甲酸酯、2,4-二-第三丁基苯基-3,5-二-第三丁基-4-羥基苯甲酸酯、(3,5-二第三丁基-4-羥基)苯甲酸辛酯、(3,5-二-第三丁基-4-羥基)苯甲酸十二烷酯、(3,5-二-第三丁基-4-羥基)苯甲酸十四烷酯、(3,5-二-第三丁基-4-羥基)苯甲酸十六烷酯、(3,5-二-第三丁基-4-羥基)苯甲酸十八烷酯、(3,5-二-第三丁基-4-羥基)苯甲酸二十烷酯等之苯甲酸酯類;2-乙基-2’-乙氧基草醯替苯胺、2-乙氧基-4’-十二烷基草醯替苯胺等經取代之草醯替苯胺類;乙基-α-氰基-β,β-二苯基丙烯酸酯、甲基-2-氰基-3-甲基-3-(對-甲氧基苯基)丙烯酸酯等之氰基丙基酸酯類;各種金屬鹽、或金屬螯合劑,尤其是鎳、鉻之鹽、或螯合劑類等。
上述紫外線吸收劑之使用量相對於前述聚合物100質
量份為0.001~5質量份,較好為0.005~0.5質量份。
上述受阻胺系光安定劑列舉為例如2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基硬脂酸酯、1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶基硬脂酸酯、2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基苯甲酸酯、雙(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)癸二酸酯、肆(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)-1,2,3,4-丁烷四羧酸酯、肆(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶基)-1,2,3,4-丁烷四羧酸酯、雙(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基).二(十三烷基)-1,2,3,4-丁烷四羧酸酯、雙(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶基).二(十三烷基)-1,2,3,4-丁烷四羧酸酯、雙(1,2,2,4,4-五甲基-4-哌啶基)-2-丁基-2-(3,5-二-第三丁基-4-羥基苄基)丙二酸酯、1-(2-羥基乙基)-2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶醇/琥珀酸二乙酯聚縮合物、1,6-雙(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基胺基)己烷/2,4-二氯-6-嗎啉基-s-三嗪聚縮合物、1,6-雙(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基胺基)己烷/2,4-二氯-6-第三辛基胺基-s-三嗪聚縮合物、1,5,8,12-肆[2,4-雙(N-丁基-N-(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)胺基)-s-三嗪-6-基]-1,5,8,12-四氮雜十二烷、1,5,8,12-肆[2,4-雙(N-丁基-N-(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶基)胺基)-s-三嗪-6-基]-1,5,8,12-四氮雜十二烷、1,6,11-參[2,4-雙(N-丁基-N-(2,2,6,6-四甲基-4-哌啶基)胺基)-s-三嗪-6-基]胺基十一烷、1,6,11-參[2,4-雙(N-丁基-N-(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶基)胺基)-s-三嗪-6-基]胺基十一烷、雙{4-(1-辛氧基-2,2,6,6-四甲基)哌啶基}癸烷二酸酯、雙{4-(2,2,6,6-四甲基-1-十一烷氧基)哌啶
基}碳酸酯、汽巴特用化學品公司製造之TINUVIN NOR 371等。
上述受阻胺系光安定劑之使用量相對於前述聚合物100質量份,為0.001~5質量份,更好為0.005~0.5質量份。
上述造核劑列舉為例如苯甲酸鈉、4-第三丁基苯甲酸鋁鹽、己二酸鈉及雙環[2.2.1]庚烷-2,3-二羧酸二鈉鹽等之羧酸金屬鹽、雙(4-第三丁基苯基)磷酸鈉、2,2’-亞甲基雙(4,6-二-第三丁基苯基)磷酸鈉及2,2’-亞甲基雙(4,6-二-第三丁基苯基)磷酸鋰等之磷酸酯金屬鹽、二亞苄基山梨糖醇、雙(甲基亞苄基)山梨糖醇、雙(對-乙基亞苄基)山梨糖醇、及雙(二甲基亞苄基)山梨糖醇等多元醇衍生物、N,N’,N”-參[2-甲基環己基]-1,2,3-丙烷三羧醯胺(RIKACLEAR PC1)、N,N’,N”-三環己基-1,3,5-苯三羧醯胺、N,N’-二環己基-萘二羧醯胺、1,3,5-三(二甲基異丙醯胺基)苯等之醯胺化合物等。
上述造核劑之使用量相對於前述聚合物100質量份為0.001~10質量份,更好為0.005~5質量份。
上述難燃劑列舉為例如三苯基磷酸酯、三甲苯基磷酸酯、三-二甲苯基磷酸酯、甲苯基二苯基磷酸酯、甲苯基-2,6-二甲苯基磷酸酯及間苯二酚雙(二苯基磷酸酯)等芳香族磷酸酯,苯基膦酸二乙烯酯、苯基膦酸二烯丙酯及苯基膦酸(1-丁烯基)酯等膦酸酯、二苯基次膦酸苯酯、二苯基次膦酸甲酯、9,10-二氫-9-氧雜-10-磷雜
菲-10-氧化物衍生物等次膦酸酯,雙(2-烯丙基苯氧基)磷腈(phosphazene)、二甲苯基磷腈等磷腈化合物,磷酸三聚氰胺、焦磷酸三聚氰胺、聚磷酸三聚氰胺、聚磷酸蜜白胺(melam)、聚磷酸銨、含磷之乙烯基苄基化合物及紅磷等磷系難燃劑、氫氧化鎂、氫氧化鋁等金屬氫氧化物、溴化雙酚A型環氧樹脂、溴化酚酚醛清漆型環氧樹脂、六溴苯、五溴甲苯、伸乙基雙(五溴苯基)、伸乙基雙四溴苯二甲醯亞胺、1,2-二溴-4-(1,2-二溴乙基)環己烷、四溴環辛烷、六溴環癸烷、雙(三溴苯氧基)乙烷、溴化聚伸苯基醚、溴化聚苯乙烯及2,4,6-參(三溴苯氧基)-1,3,5-三嗪、三溴苯基馬來醯亞胺、三溴苯基丙烯酸酯、三溴苯基甲基丙烯酸酯、四溴雙酚A型二甲基丙烯酸酯、五溴苄基丙烯酸酯、及溴化苯乙烯等溴系難燃劑等。
上述難燃劑之使用量相對於前述聚合物100質量份為1~70質量份,較好為10~30質量份。
上述填充劑列舉為例如滑石、雲母、碳酸鈣、氧化鈣、氫氧化鈣、碳酸鎂、氫氧化鎂、氧化鎂、硫酸鎂、氫氧化鋁、硫酸鋇、玻璃粉末、玻璃纖維、黏土、白雲石(dolomite)、雲母、二氧化矽、氧化鋁、鈦酸鈣晶鬚、鈣矽石(wollastonite)、纖維狀硫酸氧鎂等。該等填充劑中,以平均粒徑(球狀乃至平板狀者)或平均纖維直徑(針狀乃至纖維狀)為5μm以下者較佳。上述填充劑之使用量可在不妨礙本發明之範圍內適當使用。
上述滑劑添加之目的係對成形體表面賦予滑
性以提高傷痕防止效果。至於滑劑列舉為例如油酸醯胺、芥酸醯胺等不飽和脂肪酸醯胺;山萮酸醯胺、硬脂酸醯胺等飽和脂肪酸醯胺等。該等可使用一種或亦可併用兩種以上。
上述滑劑之添加量相對於前述聚合物100質量份為0.03~2質量份,更好為0.04~1質量份之範圍。未達0.03質量份,會有無法獲得所需滑性之情況,超過2質量份時會有滑劑成分滲出於聚合物之成形品表面,而成為物性下降原因之情況。
上述抗靜電劑添加之目的係減低成形品之靜電性及防止因帶靜電造成之塵埃附著。至於抗靜電劑有陽離子系、陰離子系、非離子系等各式各樣。較佳之例列舉為聚氧伸乙基烷基胺或聚氧伸乙基烷基醯胺以及該等之脂肪酸酯、丙三醇之脂肪酸酯等。該等可使用一種或亦可併用兩種以上。且,抗靜電劑之添加量相對於前述聚合物100質量份,較好為0.03~2質量份,更好為0.04~1質量份。抗靜電劑過少時,抗靜電效果不足,另一方面過多時,會有朝表面滲出,引起聚合物之物性降低之情況。
以本發明之汽車內裝材料用烯烴樹脂組成物之製造方法所得之汽車內裝材料用烯烴樹脂組成物適合作為汽車內裝使用之塑膠材料。至於汽車內裝列舉為例如安全氣囊用蓋、門模組、方向盤、空調箱、手套箱、加熱盒、室內燈罩、後視鏡、輔助把手、各種操縱桿之把手、或統合儀錶板、方向盤組件、空調系統、安全氣囊系統、
各種顯示器、開關、音響等之電腦模組等。
另外,以本發明之家電材料用烯烴樹脂組成物之製造方法所得之家電材料用烯烴樹脂組成物適合作為家電材料,尤其是家電之內裝、外裝用之塑膠材料。至於家電列舉為電視、錄放影機、DVD機器、藍光播放機、音響、電腦、冰箱、微波爐、電鍋、洗衣機、洗碗機、吸塵器、空調機等。
以下以製造例A~C、實施例及比較例更詳細說明本發明,但本發明不受該等實施例等之限制。又,製造例係表示乙烯性不飽和單體之聚合方法,實施例及比較例係表示聚合所得之烯烴樹脂組成物之評價。
添加無水氯化鎂4.76g(50mmol)、癸烷25mL及2-乙基己醇23.4mL(150mmol),在130℃進行加熱反應2小時成為均勻溶液後,再添加苯二甲酸酐1.11g(7.5mmol),邊維持在130℃邊攪拌1小時,使苯二甲酸酐溶解於該均勻溶液中。接著,將該均勻溶液冷卻至室溫,在1小時內全量滴加饋入於保持在-20℃之四氯化鈦200mL(1.8mol)中。饋入結束後,在4小時內升溫至110℃。到達110℃後,添加苯二甲酸二異丁酯2.68mL
(12.5mmol),邊維持在110℃邊攪拌2小時進行反應。反應結束後,經熱時過濾取得殘渣,使該殘渣再懸浮於200ml之四氯化鈦後,再加熱至110℃反應2小時。反應結束後,再經熱時過濾取得殘渣,以110℃之癸烷及己烷充分洗淨至洗液中未檢測出游離之鈦化合物為止,獲得固體鈦觸媒成分。取樣該固體鈦觸媒成分之一部分並經乾燥,分析觸媒組成後,鈦為3.1重量%、氯為56.0重量%、鎂為17.0重量%及苯二甲酸異丁酯為20.9重量%。
於經氮置換之燒瓶中混合.攪拌庚烷10ml、三乙基鋁54mg及表1所記載之酚系抗氧化劑161mg,對酚系抗氧化劑進行遮蔽,而調製酚系抗氧化劑之濃度為16mg/ml之安定劑溶液。
於經氮置換之高壓釜中以成為表1所記載之安定劑組成物之調配之方式添加庚烷600mL、三乙基鋁303mg、前述苯氧化物溶液,且依序添加二環戊基二甲氧基矽烷0.26mmol及固體Ti觸媒成分之庚烷漿液(以Ti計為13μmol)。將高壓釜內置換成丙烯環境,以丙烯施加1kgf/cm2G之壓力,在50℃預聚合5分鐘。吹拂掉丙烯後,吹入氫氣340ml(23℃),升溫至70℃,且以丙烯對高壓釜內部施加6kgf/cm2G之壓力,在70℃進行聚合反應
1小時。以氮氣置換系內後在40℃添加乙醇5ml終止聚合反應後,在50℃進行減壓脫溶劑,接著,在真空中,於40℃乾燥聚合物5小時,而得到聚烯烴樹脂組成物。
製造例A之聚合中,除了以下述方法調製亞磷酸酯溶液,且以成為表1所記載之安定劑組成物之調配之方式添加苯氧化物溶液及亞磷酸酯溶液以外,餘以與製造例A相同之順序進行聚合,得到聚烯烴樹脂組成物。
於經氮置換之燒瓶中添加磷系抗氧化劑144mg,添加庚烷6mL且混合.攪拌,調製磷系抗氧化劑24mg/mL之亞磷酸酯溶液。
製造例A之聚合中,除未添加苯氧化物溶液以外,餘以與製造例A相同之順序進行聚合,獲得聚烯烴樹脂組成物。
對於以上述方法得到之聚烯烴樹脂組成物100質量份添加表1所記載之安定劑組成物及硬脂酸鈣0.05質量份,並經混合。混合後,以擠出機(單軸擠出機;擠出溫
度230℃,螺桿速度50rpm)進行造粒,獲得顆粒。
針對以上述方法獲得之顆粒之物性,以下述方法進行評價。
針對上述顆粒,饋入二軸擠出機(東洋精機製作所製之PLASTOMILL MICRO、擠出溫度230℃、螺桿旋轉速度50rpm)中反覆混練5次,以凝膠滲透層析儀(裝置:WATERS公司製造之GPC2000型,管柱:WATERS公司製造之Styragel HT6E 2根與Styragel HT2 1根,測定溫度135℃,溶劑:鄰二氯苯,濃度:6mg/10g),測定重量平均分子量。該等結果示於下述表1。
針對上述顆粒,加熱至180℃並經加壓,製備厚度2mm之薄片。以分光測色計(SC-T;SUGA試驗機股份有限公司製)測定薄片之黃色度。該等結果示於下述表1。
針對上述顆粒,依據ISO6452進行結霧試驗,目視玻璃板之混濁狀況,於玻璃板未見到混濁時,耐結霧性評價為○,玻璃板有混濁時,耐結霧性評價為×。該等結果示於下述表1。
比較例1~9中,以與本發明之製造方法不同之製造方法得到之聚烯烴樹脂組成物無法獲得熱安定性、耐著色性、耐結霧性全部滿足者。相對於此,由實施例1及2可知,以本發明之製造方法得到之聚烯烴樹脂組成物可確認熱安定性優異,色調及耐結霧性優異。且,實施例
1及2之抗氧化劑之總使用量儘管分別與比較例6及7相同,但所得聚合物之熱安定性亦高,耐著色性優異。
Claims (8)
- 一種汽車內裝材料用烯烴樹脂組成物之製造方法,其為使烯烴單體聚合而成之汽車內裝材料用烯烴樹脂組成物之製造方法,其特徵為具備下列步驟:將使以下述通式(1)表示之酚系抗氧化劑以有機鋁化合物進行遮蔽處理者,以對由聚合獲得之烯烴樹脂100質量份而言為0.001~0.5質量份之方式,添加於烯烴單體聚合前或聚合中之步驟,
- 一種家電材料用烯烴樹脂組成物之製造方法,其為使烯烴單體聚合而成之家電材料用烯烴樹脂組成物之製造方法,其特徵為具備下列步驟:將使以下述通式(1)表示之酚系抗氧化劑以有機鋁化合物進行遮蔽處理者,以對由聚合獲得之烯烴樹脂100質量份而言為0.001~0.5質量份之方式,添加於烯烴單體聚合前或聚合中之步驟,
- 如請求項1之汽車內裝材料用烯烴樹脂組成物之製造方法,其中前述有機鋁化合物為三烷基鋁。
- 如請求項2之家電材料用烯烴樹脂組成物之製造方法,其中前述有機鋁化合物為三烷基鋁。
- 如請求項1之汽車內裝材料用烯烴樹脂組成物之製造方法,其係在具有乙烯性不飽和鍵之單體聚合前或聚合中,進一步添加磷系抗氧化劑。
- 如請求項2之家電材料用烯烴樹脂組成物之製造方法,其係在具有乙烯性不飽和鍵之單體聚合前或聚合中,進一步添加磷系抗氧化劑。
- 一種汽車內裝材,其特徵係使以如請求項1之汽車內裝材料用烯烴樹脂組成物之製造方法所製造之汽車內裝材料用烯烴樹脂組成物成形而成。
- 一種家電外裝材,其特徵係使以如請求項2之家電材料用烯烴樹脂組成物之製造方法所製造之家電材料用烯烴樹脂組成物成形而成。
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-
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