KR101036407B1 - Co, Ni, Mn 함유 리튬 전지 찌꺼기로부터의 유가 금속 회수 방법 - Google Patents
Co, Ni, Mn 함유 리튬 전지 찌꺼기로부터의 유가 금속 회수 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- KR101036407B1 KR101036407B1 KR20080100907A KR20080100907A KR101036407B1 KR 101036407 B1 KR101036407 B1 KR 101036407B1 KR 20080100907 A KR20080100907 A KR 20080100907A KR 20080100907 A KR20080100907 A KR 20080100907A KR 101036407 B1 KR101036407 B1 KR 101036407B1
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 47
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims description 21
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
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- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 89
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
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- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XEMZLVDIUVCKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen peroxide;sulfuric acid Chemical compound OO.OS(O)(=O)=O XEMZLVDIUVCKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract description 45
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 68
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 60
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 28
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
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- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 11
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- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- ZDFBXXSHBTVQMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexoxy(2-ethylhexyl)phosphinic acid Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COP(O)(=O)CC(CC)CCCC ZDFBXXSHBTVQMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910020630 Co Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Natural products CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101100513612 Microdochium nivale MnCO gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000652 nickel hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 2-ethylhexyl 2-ethylhexyl Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002640 NiOOH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- OSOVKCSKTAIGGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ni].OOO Chemical group [Ni].OOO OSOVKCSKTAIGGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000218 acetic acid group Chemical group C(C)(=O)* 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000658 coextraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021450 lithium metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000483 nickel oxide hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010926 waste battery Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/04—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
- C22B3/06—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching in inorganic acid solutions, e.g. with acids generated in situ; in inorganic salt solutions other than ammonium salt solutions
- C22B3/10—Hydrochloric acid, other halogenated acids or salts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/04—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by wet processes
- C22B23/0407—Leaching processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B26/00—Obtaining alkali, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- C22B26/10—Obtaining alkali metals
- C22B26/12—Obtaining lithium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B3/44—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by chemical processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B47/00—Obtaining manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/006—Wet processes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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Abstract
Description
산용액 | 침출방법 | Co (g/l) |
Ni (g/l) |
Mn (g/l) |
Li (g/l) |
Co침출율(%) | Ni침출율(%) | Mn침출율(%) | Li침출율(%) |
150g/l 황산 |
70 내지 80℃가열+교반(8h) | 10.5 | 10.7 | 9.8 | 4.3 | 95 | 97 | 89 | 100 |
200g/l 황산 |
70 내지 80℃ 가열+교반(8h) |
11.0 | 11.0 | 11.0 | 4.3 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
300g/l 황산 |
70 내지 80℃ 가열+교반(6h) |
11.0 | 11.0 | 11.0 | 4.3 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
300g/l 황산 |
65 내지 70℃ 가열+교반(8h) |
11.0 | 11.0 | 11.0 | 4.3 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
500g/l 황산 |
70 내지 80℃ 가열+교반(4h) |
11.0 | 11.0 | 11.0 | 4.3 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
1000g/l 황산 |
교반(4h) | 2.8 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 2.2 | 25 | 26 | 25 | 51 |
200g/l 염산 |
교반(8h) | 10.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 4.3 | 91 | 91 | 91 | 100 |
250g/l 염산 |
교반(4h) | 11.0 | 11.0 | 11.0 | 4.3 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
200g/l 황산 20g/l 과산화수소 | 교반(4h) | 11.0 | 11.0 | 11.0 | 4.3 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
Co 농도(g/l) | Ni 농도(g/l) | Mn 농도(g/l) | Li 농도(g/l) | |
Mn 함유 용액 | <0.01 | <0.01 | 44 | <0.01 |
Co 함유 용액 | 35 | <0.01 | <0.01 | <0.01 |
Ni 함유 용액 | <0.01 | 32 | <0.01 | <0.01 |
Li 함유 용액 | <0.01 | <0.01 | <0.01 | 2.9 |
여과액 | Co | Ni | Mn | Li |
농도(g/l) | 11 | 11 | 11 | 4.3 |
분배율(%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
Co-Ni-Li 용액 | Co | Ni | Mn | Li |
농도(g/l) | 8.0 | 8.1 | <0.01 | 3.1 |
분배율(%) | 99 | 100 | 0 | 100 |
Mn 용액 | Co | Ni | Mn | Li |
농도(g/l) | <0.01 | <0.01 | 44 | <0.01 |
분배율(%) | 0 | 0 | 99 | 0 |
Ni-Li 용액 | Co | Ni | Mn | Li |
농도(g/l) | <0.01 | 7.8 | <0.01 | 3.0 |
분배율(%) | 0 | 99 | 0 | 100 |
Co 용액 | Co | Ni | Mn | Li |
농도(g/l) | 43 | <0.01 | <0.01 | <0.01 |
분배율(%) | 98 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Li 용액 | Co | Ni | Mn | Li |
농도(g/l) | <0.01 | <0.01 | <0.01 | 2.9 |
분배율(%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 99 |
Ni 용액 | Co | Ni | Mn | Li |
농도(g/l) | <0.01 | 32 | <0.01 | <0.01 |
분배율(%) | 0 | 98 | 0 | 0 |
Claims (7)
- Co, Ni 및 Mn을 함유하는 리튬산 금속염을 함유하는 리튬 전지 찌꺼기를 250g/l 이상의 농도의 염산 용액에, 상기 염산 용액 중의 염산에 대하여 질량비 0.4 이하의 비율로 혼합하여 교반함으로써, Co, Ni 및 Mn을 각각 98 내지 100%의 침출율로 침출하고,침출액에 대해 Mn을 D2EHPA 추출제에 의해, pH=2 내지 3에서 용매 추출하고,계속하여, Co를 PC88A 추출제에 의해, pH=4 내지 5에서 용매 추출하고,또한, Ni를 PC88A 추출제에 의해, pH=6 내지 7에서 용매 추출하고,최후에, 수용액 중의 Li를 회수하는 것을 특징으로 하는 Co, Ni, Mn 함유 리튬 전지 찌꺼기로부터의 유가 금속 회수 방법.
- Co, Ni 및 Mn을 함유하는 리튬산 금속염을 함유하는 리튬 전지 찌꺼기를 200g/l 이상의 농도의 황산 용액에 상기 황산 용액 중의 황산에 대하여 질량비 0.5 이하의 비율로 혼합하고, 60 내지 85℃의 범위에서 가열 교반함으로써 Co, Ni 및 Mn을 각각 98 내지 100%의 침출율로 침출하고,침출액에 대해 Mn을 D2EHPA 추출제에 의해, pH=2 내지 3에서 용매 추출하고,계속하여, Co를 PC88A 추출제에 의해, pH=4 내지 5에서 용매 추출하고,또한, Ni를 PC88A 추출제에 의해, pH=6 내지 7에서 용매 추출하고,최후에, 수용액 중의 Li를 회수하는 것을 특징으로 하는 Co, Ni, Mn 함유 리튬 전지 찌꺼기로부터의 유가 금속 회수 방법.
- Co, Ni 및 Mn을 함유하는 리튬산 금속염을 함유하는 리튬 전지 찌꺼기를, 황산 농도가 200g/l 이상, 또한 과산화수소 농도가 20g/l 이상의 황산―과산화수소 혼합 용액에, 상기 황산―과산화수소 혼합 용액 중의 황산에 대하여 질량비 0.5 이하의 비율로 혼합하여 교반함으로써,Co, Ni 및 Mn을 각각 98 내지 100%의 침출율로 침출하고,침출액에 대해 Mn을 D2EHPA 추출제에 의해, pH=2 내지 3에서 용매 추출하고,계속하여, Co를 PC88A 추출제에 의해, pH=4 내지 5에서 용매 추출하고,또한, Ni를 PC88A 추출제에 의해, pH=6 내지 7에서 용매 추출하고,최후에, 수용액 중의 Li를 회수하는 것을 특징으로 하는 Co, Ni, Mn 함유 전지 찌꺼기로부터의 유가 금속 회수 방법.
- 제1항 또는 제3항에 있어서,침출을 상온에서 행하는 것을 특징으로 하는, Co, Ni, Mn 함유 리튬 전지 찌꺼기로부터의 유가 금속 회수 방법.
- 제1항 내지 제3항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,용매 추출 후 pH 조정을 행함으로써 Co, Ni, Mn을 침전시키고 여과함으로써 고형물로서 회수하는 것을 특징으로 하는 Co, Ni, Mn 함유 리튬 전지 찌꺼기로부터의 유가 금속 회수 방법.
- 제5항에 있어서, 상기 고형물을 전해액에 재용해하여, 전해 채취하는 것을 특징으로 하는 Co, Ni, Mn 함유 리튬 전지 찌꺼기로부터의 유가 금속 회수 방법.
- 제1항 내지 제3항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,Co, Ni, Mn을 용매 추출에 의해 추출한 나머지 액을 pH 조정함으로써 Li를 침전시키고 여과함으로써 고형물로서 회수하는 것을 특징으로 하는 Co, Ni, Mn 함유 리튬 전지 찌꺼기로부터의 유가 금속 회수 방법.
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