JP5966202B2 - 安定な消化酵素組成物 - Google Patents
安定な消化酵素組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5966202B2 JP5966202B2 JP2009549868A JP2009549868A JP5966202B2 JP 5966202 B2 JP5966202 B2 JP 5966202B2 JP 2009549868 A JP2009549868 A JP 2009549868A JP 2009549868 A JP2009549868 A JP 2009549868A JP 5966202 B2 JP5966202 B2 JP 5966202B2
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- pancrelipase
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Description
本出願は、2007年2月20日出願の米国仮特許出願第60/902,091号、2007年2月20日出願の米国仮特許出願第60/902,093号および2007年2月20日出願の米国仮特許出願第60/902,092号に対する優先権を主張する。これらの開示内容全体をすべての目的のため参照によってそれぞれ本明細書に組み込んだものとする。
パンクレリパーゼMT(ミニタブレット)は、面取りを施した円形の2mm径のパンチを用いて錠剤化したパンクレリパーゼ原材料(例えば、Nordmarkから得た)と賦形剤とのブレンドである。パンクレリパーゼMTのコーティング前の物理的特性を下表1に示す。
異なる量のタルクを含む2種のコーティング組成物でパンクレリパーゼMT粒子をコーティングした(表7)。
エタノール(96%のエタノール、4%の水)/アセトン溶媒を100%のアセトンで置き換えること以外、表6に記載のものと同様の「高タルク」および「低タルク」コーティング組成物を調製することによって、コーティング組成物の溶媒の効果を評価した(表11)。
CPSゼラチンおよびHPMC(ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース)カプセルを同一のコーティングされたリパーゼ組成物で充填した。ゼラチンカプセルの含水量は約14%であり、HPMCカプセルの含水量は約4%である。さらに1セットのHPMCカプセルを2%未満の水分レベルまで乾燥させた。すべての試料を加速安定性条件に供し(40℃および相対湿度75%;試料をナイアレンバッグでヒートシールした)、15、30および90日後にリパーゼ活性を試験した。結果を下表15〜17に示す。
ゼラチンおよびヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロースカプセルをコーティングされたリパーゼ組成物ミニタブレット形で充填した。ゼラチンカプセル(P200050)の組成物用コーティングは約10%のタルクを含み、一方ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロースカプセル(P200550)の組成物用コーティングは約33%のタルクを含んでいた。コーティング組成物はその他の点では同一だった。下表18は、加速安定性条件下で貯蔵後に観察された分解レベルを組成物の含水率と比較する。表18に示すように、リパーゼ活性レベルが高いほど、組成物中の水分レベルが低いという関係がある。さらに、HPMCカプセルに充填した組成物はゼラチンカプセルに充填した組成物より安定である。
リパーゼ組成物を含有するカプセルを乾燥剤を含むパッケージ内で貯蔵することの効果を加速安定性条件下(40℃および相対湿度75%;試料をナイアレンバッグにヒートシールした)での30日および90日の貯蔵後に試料のリパーゼ活性を測定することによって評価した。表19および20に示すように、乾燥剤を含むパッケージ内および平衡含水率未満に乾燥しているカプセル内ではリパーゼ活性が有意に高い。
乾燥剤1:Tyvek(登録商標)バッグ内のシリカゲル
乾燥剤2:Tyvek(登録商標)バッグ内の分子ふるい
上記実施例で用いた「低」レベルと「高」レベルの間の中間レベルのタルクを有する2種のコーティング組成物(HP55:TEC:タルク=10:1:5)で、コーティング溶媒としてアセトンまたはエタノール/アセトンの混合物のどちらかを用いてパンクレリパーゼMT粒子をコーティングした。2種のコーティング懸濁液の理論組成を下表21に示す。
マイクロタブレット
薬用量についてさらに選択肢を与えるため、錠剤の寸法を有意に減少させた製剤を作製した。円形の1.5mm径で、曲率半径が1.2mmのパンチでパンクレリパーゼブレンドを錠剤化した。
下表33は、Eudragitコーティングされたパンクレリパーゼミニタブの加速安定性試験(瓶内;40℃および相対湿度75%)を示す。
前述の実施例で述べたようにコーティングされた、1カプセル当たりの薬用量を変えたERコーティングビーズを含む剤形の例を下表34に示す。
下表35は本発明の組成物を含むカプセルを含む種々の大きさの容器の含水量を示す。含水量はカプセルからのすべての水、および2年の貯蔵時間にわたって容器内に浸透する水を包含する。「等価分子ふるい重量」は、容器内に存在する水を吸収するのに必要な分子ふるいの最小量である。
7歳以上の年齢のEPIを伴う34人のCF患者について第3相無作為化二重盲検プラセボ対照交差研究を行って、表34のパンクレリパーゼ組成物による治療の効果をプラセボによる治療の効果と比較した。US全体の14のCFセンターで研究を行った。研究の主要エンドポイントは、1カプセル当たり5,000、10,000、15,000または20,000リパーゼ単位と組み合わせて体重1kg当たり10,000リパーゼ単位以下の1日の用量でパンクレリパーゼ組成物を経口投与した後の脂肪吸収係数をプラセボと比較した。この試験の二次エンドポイントは、タンパク質吸収、コレステロール、脂肪可溶性ビタミン、体重、体格指数およびEPI症状の決定要素として窒素吸収係数の変化を評価した。
US内の11のCF治療センターで7歳未満の19人のCF患者についての非盲検研究で小児科の第3相臨床試験を行って、表34の組成物による治療の効果を評価した。外分泌性膵臓機能不全の若年小児および幼児について、この規模の最初の膵臓補充療法試験を行った。研究デザインは7日の用量安定化期間後に7日の治療期間を含み、患者は、毎日1カプセル当たり5,000リパーゼ単位を受け、必要に応じて食物の上に振り掛ける製品を用いた。この研究の主要エンドポイントは、「レスポンダー」、つまり1および2週間の治療後に大便中に過剰の脂肪がない患者および吸収不良の徴候と症状のない患者の割合だった。二次エンドポイントは、体重の変化、栄養状態、大便の頻度と堅さ、腹部膨満、疼痛および鼓腸の発生ならびに臨床症状改善の医師および親または保護者の判断を包含した。製品の安全性も評価した。
第3相非盲検無作為化単一センター単一治療交差研究を行って表34のパンクレリパーゼ組成物による治療の効果を比較して、外分泌性膵臓機能障害を伴う10人の慢性膵臓炎患者の食物供給条件における該パンクレリパーゼ組成物の胃腸バイオアベイラビリティを決定した。研究に入る7日前に、排他性薬物(プロトンポンプインヒビター(PPI))、制酸剤、およびGI移動性を変えうる薬物を中断した。患者を無作為化して、1手順当たり、Ensure Plus(商標)(Abbottから入手可能なビタミン強化栄養補助食品)のみかまたは75,000USPリパーゼ単位(それぞれ20,000単位を含む3個のカプセルとそれぞれ5000単位を含む3個のカプセル)と組み合わせたEnsure Plus(商標)のどちらかを受けさせた。投与直前にカプセルを開いてその中身を480mLのEnsure Plus(商標)と混合した。1日の洗い出し期間後、以前にEnsure Plus(商標)のみを受けた患者は75,000USPリパーゼ単位と組み合わせたEnsure Plus(商標)を受け、以前にEnsure Plus(商標)とリパーゼの組合せを受けた患者はEnsure Plus(商標)のみを受けること以外、この手順を繰返した。次の日、患者は身体検査を受け、血液および尿の試料を収集した。Ensure Plus(商標)の存在下の組成物の投与後に十二指腸内で放出および回収されたそれぞれの酵素(すなわち、リパーゼ、アミラーゼ、およびキモトリプシン)の量から本発明の組成物のバイオアベイラビリティを推定した。コレシストキニンの血中レベルの測定を行い、胃および十二指腸のpHをも測定した。Carriere,F,;Barrowman,J.A.;Verger,R.;Laugier,R.「ヒトにおける試験食事中の胃および膵臓のリパーゼの分泌と脂肪分解に対する寄与(Secretion and contribution to lipolysis of gastric and pancreatic lipases during a test meal in humans)」、Gastroenterology 1993、105、876〜88頁の方法に従ってリパーゼ活性を測定した。Carriere,F.;Grandval,P.;Renou,C.;Palomba,A.;Prieri,F.;Giallo,J;Henniges,F.;Sander-Struckmeier,S.;Laugier, R.「慢性膵臓炎における消化酵素の分泌および胃腸の脂肪分解の定量研究(Quantitative study of digestive enzyme secretion and gastrointestinal lipolysis in chronic pancreatitis)」、Clin.Gastroenterol.Hepatol.2005、3、28〜38頁に記載の方法に従ってアミラーゼおよびキモトリプシンを測定した。
Claims (46)
- 複数のコーティングされた粒子を含む組成物であって、前記粒子の各々は腸溶性コーティングでコーティングされたコアを含み、前記コアはパンクレリパーゼを含み、
前記腸溶性コーティングが、前記粒子の総重量に基づいて、10〜20重量%の少なくとも1種の腸溶性ポリマーおよび4〜10重量%のタルクを含み、前記組成物の含水率が3%以下である、組成物。 - 前記組成物の水分活性が0.6以下である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記腸溶性コーティングが、前記粒子の総重量に基づいて1〜2%の少なくとも1種の可塑剤をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記含水率が2%以下である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記コーティングが、少なくとも1種の可塑剤をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記コーティングが、前記コーティング粒子の総重量に基づいて1〜2重量%の少なくとも1種の可塑剤をさらに含む、請求項5に記載の組成物。
- 前記可塑剤が、トリアセチン、クエン酸トリブチル、クエン酸トリエチル、アセチルクエン酸トリn−ブチル、フタル酸ジエチル、セバシン酸ジブチル、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリプロピレングリコール、ヒマシ油、アセチル化モノグリセリド、アセチル化ジグリセリド、およびそれらの混合物から成る群より選択される、請求項6に記載の組成物。
- 前記可塑剤が、クエン酸トリエチルである、請求項7に記載の組成物。
- 前記コアが、結合剤、崩壊剤、潤滑剤、流動促進剤、希釈剤、およびそれらの混合物から成る群より選択される少なくとも1種の医薬的に許容可能な賦形剤をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記結合剤が、デンプン、糖、ラクトース、糖アルコール、キシリトール、ソルビトール、マルチトール、セルロース、微結晶性セルロース、変性セルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム、アルギン酸、およびポリビニルピロリドンから成る群より選択され、
前記崩壊剤が、2塩基性リン酸カルシウム、2塩基性リン酸カルシウム2水和物、3塩基性リン酸カルシウム、トウモロコシデンプン、アルギン酸、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロースカルシウム、カルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム、架橋カルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム、膨潤性イオン交換樹脂、アルギナート、ホルムアルデヒドカゼイン、セルロース、クロスカルメロースナトリウム、クロスポビドン、微結晶性セルロース、ナトリウムカルボキシメチルデンプン、ナトリウムデンプングリコラート、デンプン、および米デンプンから成る群より選択され、
前記潤滑剤が、ステアリン酸カルシウム、ステアリン酸マグネシウム、ナトリウムステアリルフマラート、ステアリン酸、ステアリン酸亜鉛、タルク、および蝋から成る群より選択され、
前記流動促進剤が、コロイド状二酸化ケイ素およびタルクから成る群より選択され、
前記希釈剤が、マンニトール、スクロース、無水2塩基性リン酸カルシウム、無水2塩基性リン酸カルシウム2水和物、3塩基性リン酸カルシウム、セルロース、ラクトース、炭酸マグネシウム、および微結晶性セルロースから成る群より選択される、請求項9に記載の組成物。 - 前記コアが、前記コーティング粒子の総重量に基づいて、
1〜4重量%の少なくとも1種の崩壊剤;
0.2〜0.6重量%の少なくとも1種の流動促進剤;
2〜6重量%の少なくとも1種の結合剤;及び
0.2〜0.6重量%の少なくとも1種の潤滑剤
をさらに含む、請求項9に記載の組成物。 - 前記少なくとも1種の崩壊剤がクロスカルメロースナトリウムであり、前記少なくとも1種の流動促進剤がコロイド状二酸化ケイ素であり、前記少なくとも1種の結合剤が微結晶性セルロースであり、前記少なくとも1種の潤滑剤がステアリン酸マグネシウムである、請求項11に記載の組成物。
- 前記コアが、前記コーティング粒子の総重量に基づいて0.5〜1.0重量%の少なくとも1種の可塑剤をさらに含む、請求項11に記載の組成物。
- 前記少なくとも1種の可塑剤が、硬化ヒマシ油である、請求項13に記載の組成物。
- 前記コアが、68〜90重量%のパンクレリパーゼを含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記パンクレリパーゼが、ブタ由来である、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記腸溶性ポリマーが、セルロースアセタートフタラート、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロースフタラート、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロースアセタートスクシナート、ポリビニルアセタートフタラート、メタクリル酸−メチルメタクリラートコポリマーおよびシェラックから成る群より選択される、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記腸溶性ポリマーが、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロースフタラートである、請求項17に記載の組成物。
- 前記パンクレリパーゼが、1.8〜6.2のプロテアーゼ/リパーゼ活性比を有する、請求項1〜18のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 前記パンクレリパーゼが、2.0〜6.1のプロテアーゼ/リパーゼ活性比を有する、請求項1〜18のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 前記パンクレリパーゼが、1.8〜8.2のアミラーゼ/リパーゼ活性比を有する、請求項1〜18のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 前記パンクレリパーゼが、2.0〜8.2アミラーゼ/リパーゼ活性比を有する、請求項1〜18のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 前記パンクレリパーゼが、1:10:10〜10:1:1の範囲のリパーゼ:プロテアーゼ:アミラーゼ活性比を有する、請求項1〜18のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 前記パンクレリパーゼが、
4,500〜5,500IUのリパーゼ活性、8,000〜34,000IUのプロテアーゼ活性、及び8,000〜45,000IUのアミラーゼ活性;
9,000〜11,000IUのリパーゼ活性、17,000〜67,000IUのプロテアーゼ活性、及び17,000〜90,000IUのアミラーゼ活性;
13,500〜16,500IUのリパーゼ活性、26,000〜100,000IUのプロテアーゼ活性、及び26,000〜135,000IUのアミラーゼ活性;または
18,000〜22,000IUのリパーゼ活性、35,000〜134,000IUのプロテアーゼ活性、及び35,000〜180,000IUのアミラーゼ活性のリパーゼ、プロテアーゼ、およびアミラーゼ活性の組み合わせを含む、請求項1〜18のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。 - 前記コーティング粒子のコアは2〜5mmの範囲の公称粒径を有し、前記コーティング粒子のコーティング重量は前記コーティング粒子の総重量の15%である、請求項1〜18のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 前記コーティング粒子のコアが1〜2mmの範囲の公称粒径を有し、前記コーティング粒子のコーティング重量が前記コーティング粒子の総重量の22%である、請求項1〜18のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 請求項1〜18のいずれか1項に記載の組成物を含む製剤。
- 前記組成物で充填されたカプセルである、請求項27に記載の製剤。
- 前記カプセルが、セルロース系ポリマー、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース、デンプン、多糖、プルラン、およびゼラチンから成る群より選択される材料で構成されている、請求項28に記載の製剤。
- 前記カプセルが、6%以下の含水率のヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロースからなる、請求項29に記載の製剤。
- 前記カプセルが、2%以下の含水率のヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロースからなる、請求項30に記載の製剤。
- 実質的にゼロ過剰充填である、請求項27に記載の製剤。
- 防湿材料で構成されたシール容器と、乾燥剤と、請求項27に記載の少なくとも1種の製剤とを含むパッケージであって、前記組成物の含水率が3%以下であり、前記乾燥剤と少なくとも1種の剤形が前記シール容器内にある、パッケージ。
- 前記防湿材料が、金属、ガラス、プラスチック、および金属コーティングプラスチックから成る群より選択される、請求項33に記載のパッケージ。
- 前記乾燥剤が、分子ふるい、クレイ、シリカゲル、活性炭、およびそれらの組合せから成る群より選択される、請求項33に記載のパッケージ。
- 前記乾燥剤が分子ふるいである、請求項35に記載のパッケージ。
- 前記製剤が、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロースからなるカプセルである、請求項33に記載のパッケージ。
- 治療または予防を必要とする哺乳動物において消化酵素欠乏症に付随する障害を治療または予防するための薬物を調製するための請求項1に記載の組成物の使用。
- GI管pHを高める薬物の使用をさらに含み、前記パンクレリパーゼ組成物及び前記GI管pHを高める薬物が同じ組成物または異なる組成物中にある、請求項38に記載の使用。
- 前記薬物が、プロトンポンプインヒビターおよび制酸剤から成る群より選択される、請求項39に記載の使用。
- 前記障害が、嚢胞性線維症である、請求項38に記載の使用。
- 前記障害が、前記哺乳動物の脂肪吸収不良である、請求項38に記載の使用。
- 前記薬物が、前記哺乳動物の脂肪吸収係数を高める、請求項38に記載の使用。
- 含水率が1m3当たり3.6g以下の水の雰囲気内で、パンクレリパーゼの粒子を、腸溶性ポリマーとタルクとを含むコーティングでコーティングすることによって、粒子の総重量に基づいて4〜10重量%の前記タルクを含む複数の遅延放出粒子を形成することを含み、前記複数の遅延放出粒子が、3%以下の含水率を有する、パンクレリパーゼ組成物の調製方法。
- 前記粒子を、アセトンに溶解した腸溶性ポリマーとタルクとの混合物でコーティングする、請求項44に記載の方法。
- 前記複数の遅延放出粒子が、0.6以下の水分活性を有する、請求項44に記載の方法。
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