JP5012528B2 - 結晶配向セラミックス及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
結晶配向セラミックス及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5012528B2 JP5012528B2 JP2008008626A JP2008008626A JP5012528B2 JP 5012528 B2 JP5012528 B2 JP 5012528B2 JP 2008008626 A JP2008008626 A JP 2008008626A JP 2008008626 A JP2008008626 A JP 2008008626A JP 5012528 B2 JP5012528 B2 JP 5012528B2
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- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
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- TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibismuth;oxygen(2-) Chemical group [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Bi+3].[Bi+3] TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin-22,24-diide Chemical compound [Cu+2].C1=CC(C(=C2C=CC([N-]2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(N=2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=C3[N-]2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NC1=C3C1=CC=CC=C1 RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
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Description
(Bi2O2)2+(Bi0.5Nam−1.5NbmO3m+1)2−
(但し、mは2以上の整数)
(Bi2O2)2+(Bi0.5Km−1.5NbmO3m+1)2−
(但し、mは2以上の整数)
以下の手順に従い、NN組成を有する板状粉末を合成した。まず、化学量論比でBINN2組成となるようにBi2O3粉末、Na2CO3粉末及びNb2O5粉末を秤量し、これらを湿式混合した。次いで、この原料に対し、フラックスとしてNaClを50wt%添加し、1時間乾式混合した。さらに、得られた混合物を白金るつぼに入れ、850℃×1hの条件下で加熱し、フラックスを完全に溶解させた後、1050℃×1hの条件下で加熱し、BINN2の合成を行った。なお、昇温速度は、200℃/hとし、降温速度は、200℃/hとした。
以下の手順に従い、KNN組成を有する板状粉末を合成した。まず、実施例1前段と同一の手順に従い、BINN2板状粉末を合成した。次に、このBINN2板状粉末、Na2CO3粉末及びK2CO3粉末を、化学量論比でKNN組成となるように秤量した以外は、実施例1後段と同一の手順に従い、KNN粉末を合成した。得られたKNN粉末は、{100}面を発達面とする板状粉末であった。また、この粉末の平均アスペクト比は、3〜10であり、平均粒径は、1〜10μmであった。
以下の手順に従い、NN組成を有する板状粉末を合成した。まず、化学量論比でBi2.5Na3.5Nb5O18(以下、これを「BINN5」という。)組成となるようにBi2O3粉末、Na2CO3粉末及びNb2O5粉末を秤量した以外は、実施例1前段と同一の手順に従い、BINN5板状粉末を合成した。次に、このBINN5板状粉末とNa2CO3粉末とを、化学量論比でNN組成となるように秤量した以外は、実施例1後段と同一の手順に従い、NN粉末を合成した。
図1及び図2に、それぞれ、得られた粉末のSEM写真及びX線回折図形を示す。得られた粉末は、NN単相であり、かつ{100}面を発達面とする板状粉末であった。また、この粉末の平均アスペクト比は、10〜20であり、平均粒径は、5〜10μmであった。
以下の手順に従い、KNN組成を有する板状粉末を合成した。まず、化学量論比でBINN5組成となるようにBi2O3粉末、Na2CO3粉末及びNb2O5粉末を秤量した以外は、実施例1前段と同一の手順に従い、BINN5板状粉末を合成した。次に、このBINN5板状粉末、Na2CO3粉末、K2CO3粉末及びNb2O5粉末を、化学量論比でKNN組成となるように秤量した以外は、実施例1後段と同一の手順に従い、KNN粉末を合成した。得られたKNN粉末は、{100}面を発達面とする板状粉末であった。また、この粉末の平均アスペクト比は、10〜30であり、平均粒径は、5〜10μmであった。
以下の手順に従い、KNbO3(以下、これを「KN」という。)組成を有する板状粉末を合成した。まず、化学量論比でBi2.5K0.5Nb2O9(以下、これを「BIKN2」という。)組成となるように、Bi2O3粉末、K2CO3粉末及びNb2O5粉末を秤量し、これらを湿式混合した。次いで、この原料に対し、フラックスとしてKClを50wt%添加し、1時間乾式混合した。さらに、得られた混合物を白金るつぼに入れ、800℃×1hの条件下で加熱し、フラックスを完全に溶解させた後、900℃×1hの条件下で加熱し、BIKN2の合成を行った。なお、昇温速度は、200℃/hとし、降温速度は、200℃/hとした。
実施例3で得られたNN板状粉末を用いて、KNNを主相とする結晶配向セラミックスを作製した。まず、実施例3で得られたNN板状粉末、非板状KN粉末を1:1のモル比で秤量し、20時間の湿式混合を行った。
実施例3で得られたNN板状粉末を用い、NN板状粉末、非板状KN粉末、非板状KNN粉末を1:1:3のモル比で配合した以外は、実施例6と同一の手順に従い、KNNを主相とする結晶配向セラミックスを作製した。なお、非板状KNN粉末及び非板状KN粉末は、所定量のK2CO3粉末、Na2CO3粉末及びNb2O5粉末を含む混合物を800℃で4時間加熱し、反応物をボールミル粉砕する固相法により作製した。
実施例3で得られたNN板状粉末を用い、NN板状粉末、K2CO3粉末、Nb2O5粉末を2:1:1のモル比で配合した以外は、実施例6と同一の手順に従い、KNNを主相とする結晶配向セラミックスを作製した。
実施例3で得られたNN板状粉末を用い、NN板状粉末、非板状NN粉末、非板状KN粉末を1:1:2のモル比で配合した以外は、実施例6と同一の手順に従い、KNNを主相とする結晶配向セラミックスを作製した。なお、非板状NN粉末及び非板状KN粉末は、所定量のNa2CO3粉末、K2CO3粉末及びNb2O5粉末を含む混合物を800℃で4時間加熱し、反応物をボールミルで粉砕する固相法により作製した。
実施例3で得られたNN板状粉末を用い、焼成時間を20時間とした以外は、実施例9と同一の手順に従い、KNNを主相とする結晶配向セラミックスを作製した。
実施例3で得られたNN板状粉末を用い、NN板状粉末、非板状NN粉末、非板状KN粉末を1:9:10のモル比で配合し、焼成時間を5時間とした以外は、実施例9と同一の手順に従い、KNNを主相とする結晶配向セラミックスを作製した。なお、非板状NN粉末及び非板状KN粉末は、所定量のNa2CO3粉末、K2CO3粉末及びNb2O5粉末を含む混合物を800℃で4時間加熱し、反応物をボールミル粉砕する固相法により作製した。
さらに、得られた焼結体から、実施例9と同一の手順に従い、圧電特性評価用の円盤状試料を作製した。円盤状試料に分極処理を施した後、共振反共振法により圧電電圧センサg係数(g31)及び圧電歪み定数(d31)を測定した。その結果、g31は、22.5×10−3Vm/Nであり、d31は、41.3pm/Vであった。これらは、後述する無配向KNN焼結体(比較例1)の場合に比べて、g31で約1.6倍、d31で約1.4倍であった。
出発原料として、固相法により合成したKNN粉末のみを用いた以外は、実施例6と同一の手順に従い、KNNを主相とする無配向セラミックスを作製した。得られた無配向セラミックスのロットゲーリング法による{100}面配向度は、加熱温度によらず、0%であった。また、圧電電圧センサg係数(g31)は、加熱温度1100℃の焼結体で13.9×10−3Vm/Nであった。さらに、加熱温度1100℃の焼結体の圧電歪み定数(d31)は、29.2pm/Vであった。
Claims (4)
- 一般式:ABO3で表される等方性ペロブスカイト型化合物であって、Aサイト元素の主成分が、K及びNa、又は、K及びNa及びLiであり、Bサイト元素の主成分が、Nb及び/又はTa及び/又はSbである第1のペロブスカイト型5価金属酸アルカリ化合物を主相とする多結晶体からなり、
該多結晶体を構成する結晶粒の特定の結晶面が配向しており、
ロットゲーリング法による平均配向度が30%以上であることを特徴とする結晶配向セラミックス。 - 共振反共振法により測定される圧電歪み定数(d31)が34.6pm/V以上であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の結晶配向セラミックス。
- 請求項1または2に記載の結晶配向セラミックスの製造方法であって、その発達面が請求項1または2に記載の第1のペロブスカイト型5価金属酸アルカリ化合物の特定の結晶面と格子整合性を有する第1異方形状粉末と、該第1異方形状粉末と反応して、少なくとも前記第1のペロブスカイト型5価金属酸アルカリ化合物を生成する第1反応原料とを混合する混合工程と、
該混合工程で得られた混合物を前記第1異方形状粉末が配向するように成形する成形工程と、
該成形工程で得られた成形体を加熱し、前記第1異方形状粉末と前記第1反応原料とを反応させる熱処理工程とを備え、
前記第1異方形状粉末は、
ペロブスカイト型5価金属酸アルカリ化合物、又は、層状ペロブスカイト型化合物であって、平均アスペクト比が3以上であり、
前記第1反応原料は、K含有化合物、Na含有化合物、Li含有化合物、Nb含有化合物、Sb含有化合物、および、Ta含有化合物から選択される少なくとも1種以上である、
ペロブスカイト型5価金属酸アルカリ化合物を主相とする結晶配向セラミックスの製造方法。 - 前記第1異方形状粉末は、
{001}面を発達面とし、かつ
一般式:(Bi2O2)2+(Bi0.5AMm−1.5NbmO3m+1)2−
(但し、mは2以上の整数。AMは、Na、K及びLiからなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1つのアルカリ金属元素。)
で表されるビスマス層状ペロブスカイト型化合物からなる第2異方形状粉末と、
該第2異方形状粉末と反応して、少なくとも第2のペロブスカイト型5価金属酸アルカリ化合物を生成する、K含有化合物、Na含有化合物、Li含有化合物、Nb含有化合物、Sb含有化合物、および、Ta含有化合物から選択される少なくとも1種以上である第2反応原料とを、
フラックス中において加熱することにより得られる異方形状粉末である請求項3に記載の結晶配向セラミックスの製造方法。
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JP4342673B2 (ja) * | 2000-01-28 | 2009-10-14 | 大塚化学株式会社 | コネクタ |
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