JP2019507674A - 大気質管理のための二酸化炭素吸着剤 - Google Patents
大気質管理のための二酸化炭素吸着剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2019507674A JP2019507674A JP2018542156A JP2018542156A JP2019507674A JP 2019507674 A JP2019507674 A JP 2019507674A JP 2018542156 A JP2018542156 A JP 2018542156A JP 2018542156 A JP2018542156 A JP 2018542156A JP 2019507674 A JP2019507674 A JP 2019507674A
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- Prior art keywords
- adsorbent
- alkyl
- porous support
- adsorbent according
- optionally substituted
- Prior art date
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- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 273
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- -1 amine compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 161
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 136
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 121
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 105
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 86
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 67
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 claims description 44
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 39
- LSHROXHEILXKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-[2-[2-[2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethylamino]ethylamino]ethyl]ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCNCCN LSHROXHEILXKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 22
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000004663 dialkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000000392 cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000003107 substituted aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 20
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000001412 amines Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000005518 carboxamido group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- LVTYICIALWPMFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisopropanolamine Chemical compound CC(O)CNCC(C)O LVTYICIALWPMFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000004183 alkoxy alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000005910 alkyl carbonate group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- ISAOCJYIOMOJEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoin Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ISAOCJYIOMOJEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000005346 substituted cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- RXFCIXRFAJRBSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,2,3-tetramine Chemical compound NCCCNCCNCCCN RXFCIXRFAJRBSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 8
- HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylamine Chemical compound CCNCC HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000005017 substituted alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004426 substituted alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-tetramine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCN VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- OPKOKAMJFNKNAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylethanolamine Chemical compound CNCCO OPKOKAMJFNKNAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940043276 diisopropanolamine Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012621 metal-organic framework Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- CRVGTESFCCXCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(C)CCO CRVGTESFCCXCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- QQZOPKMRPOGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxohexane Chemical compound CCCCC(C)=O QQZOPKMRPOGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- BQZJOQXSCSZQPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-1,2-diphenylethanone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(OC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 BQZJOQXSCSZQPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- WRQNANDWMGAFTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylacetoacetic acid Chemical compound COC(=O)CC(C)=O WRQNANDWMGAFTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004113 Sepiolite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000028419 Styrax benzoin Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000000126 Styrax benzoin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000008411 Sumatra benzointree Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- HPTYUNKZVDYXLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;trihydroxy(trihydroxysilyloxy)silane;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Al].[Al].O[Si](O)(O)O[Si](O)(O)O HPTYUNKZVDYXLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010427 ball clay Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960002130 benzoin Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012965 benzophenone Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001589 carboacyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- XYIBRDXRRQCHLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl acetoacetate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(C)=O XYIBRDXRRQCHLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021485 fumed silica Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019382 gum benzoic Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052621 halloysite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000271 hectorite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- KWLMIXQRALPRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L hectorite Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-].[OH-].[Na+].[Mg+2].O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]([O-])(O1)O[Si]1([O-])O2 KWLMIXQRALPRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- CATSNJVOTSVZJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptan-2-one Chemical compound CCCCCC(C)=O CATSNJVOTSVZJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- FEMOMIGRRWSMCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ninhydrin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C(O)(O)C(=O)C2=C1 FEMOMIGRRWSMCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- XNLICIUVMPYHGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-2-one Chemical compound CCCC(C)=O XNLICIUVMPYHGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000275 saponite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052624 sepiolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- GFIWSSUBVYLTRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-hydroxyethylamino)ethylamino]ethanol Chemical compound OCCNCCNCCO GFIWSSUBVYLTRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000274 adsorptive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims 3
- 239000007805 chemical reaction reactant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- DTSDBGVDESRKKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-(2-aminoethyl)propane-1,3-diamine Chemical compound NCCCNCCN DTSDBGVDESRKKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 62
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 32
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 24
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 19
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 13
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 12
- 125000004448 alkyl carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- 125000004390 alkyl sulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaldehyde Chemical compound CC=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 125000002102 aryl alkyloxo group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 125000004391 aryl sulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 125000004181 carboxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 10
- 125000004438 haloalkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 125000005129 aryl carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 9
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002594 sorbent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 150000003857 carboxamides Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 229940124530 sulfonamide Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 150000003456 sulfonamides Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 7
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000005358 mercaptoalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 5
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 5
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 5
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000002336 sorption--desorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002411 thermogravimetry Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000000008 (C1-C10) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000004178 (C1-C4) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000004207 3-methoxyphenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C(OC([H])([H])[H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000001951 carbamoylamino group Chemical group C(N)(=O)N* 0.000 description 3
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 3
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000005191 hydroxyalkylamino group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000954 2-hydroxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])O[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000004105 2-pyridyl group Chemical group N1=C([*])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000003349 3-pyridyl group Chemical group N1=C([H])C([*])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000000339 4-pyridyl group Chemical group N1=C([H])C([H])=C([*])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 150000001204 N-oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000596 cyclohexenyl group Chemical group C1(=CCCCC1)* 0.000 description 2
- NNBZCPXTIHJBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N decalin Chemical compound C1CCCC2CCCCC21 NNBZCPXTIHJBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004990 dihydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002795 guanidino group Chemical group C(N)(=N)N* 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- YAMHXTCMCPHKLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazolidin-2-one Chemical group O=C1NCCN1 YAMHXTCMCPHKLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003387 indolinyl group Chemical group N1(CCC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 2
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001786 isothiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- HZVOZRGWRWCICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanediyl Chemical group [CH2] HZVOZRGWRWCICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000003226 pyrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000000472 sulfonyl group Chemical group *S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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Images
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- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
- B01J20/3231—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the coating or impregnating layer
- B01J20/3242—Layers with a functional group, e.g. an affinity material, a ligand, a reactant or a complexing group
- B01J20/3244—Non-macromolecular compounds
- B01J20/3246—Non-macromolecular compounds having a well defined chemical structure
- B01J20/3257—Non-macromolecular compounds having a well defined chemical structure the functional group or the linking, spacer or anchoring group as a whole comprising at least one of the heteroatoms nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur together with at least one silicon atom, these atoms not being part of the carrier as such
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- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/025—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with wetted adsorbents; Chromatography
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- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2016年2月12日に出願された米国仮特許出願第62/294,364号明細書(United States Provisional Patent Application No. 62/294,364)および2016年6月24日に出願された米国仮特許出願第62/354,473号明細書(United States Provisional Patent Application No. 62/354,473)の優先権の利益を主張し、これらの開示は、参照によりその全体が本明細書に組み込まれる。
HVACシステムのエネルギー効率を向上させるために、CO2吸着材料が開発されている。具体的には、HVACシステムでは、再循環される内気からCO2を吸着し、次にCO2をパージプロセスにより外気中に放出するCO2吸着剤を組み込んだCO2スクラバーが使用されている。このようなシステムは、従来のHVACシステムの下でエネルギー節約の点で改善されているが、吸着材料は、作業能力および熱老化の安定性について長期の目標を達成していない。
以下に、このような態様の基本的な理解を提供するために、本開示の様々な態様の簡略化された概要を提示する。この概要は、本開示の広範な概要ではない。本開示の主要なまたは重要な要素を特定することも、本開示の特定の実施形態または特許請求の範囲を詳細に説明することも意図されていない。その唯一の目的は、本開示のいくつかの概念を、後で提示されるより詳細な説明の序文として、簡略化した形で提示することである。
のものである。一実施形態では、炭酸エステル化合物は、式:
のものである。
本明細書に記載された実施形態は、二酸化炭素および/またはホルムアルデヒドなどの揮発性有機化合物(VOC)を吸着するための吸着剤に関する。吸着剤は、暖房、換気、および空調(HVAC)システムに組み込むことができ、吸着剤の高い吸着能力および耐久性を利用して商業ビルのエネルギー消費を削減する。HVACシステムのCO2スクラバーユニットにおいて固体のCO2吸着剤を使用することで、換気回数を減らし、外気による希釈で屋内のCO2濃度を下げ、したがってエネルギー消費を削減することができる。吸着剤は、高湿度条件下であっても、CO2およびホルムアルデヒドなどのVOCを同時に吸着し得る。
のものである。特定の実施形態では、R1はCnH2n+1を含み、R2はCmH2m+1を含み、ここでnは1〜18の整数であり、かつmは1〜18の整数である。特定の実施形態では、反応物は、ジメチルカーボネート、ジエチルカーボネート、または別のアルキルカーボネートのうち1種以上を含み得るアルキルカーボネートである。
以下の実施例は、本開示の理解を助けるために記載されており、当然ながら、本明細書に記載され、かつ特許請求される実施形態を具体的に限定するものとして解釈されるべきではない。当業者の知識の範囲内にある、現在知られているまたは今後開発されるすべての等価物の置換を含む実施形態のこのような変形、および配合の変更または実験計画の軽微な変更は、本明細書に組み込まれた実施形態の範囲内に入ると考えられている。
ポリアミンバッチを以下のように合成した。50g(0.22モル)のPEHAを、75gの脱イオン水と共に1L容器に入れて、ペンタエチレンヘキサミン(PEHA)溶液を調製した。次に、このPEHA溶液に、9.9g(0.11モル)、19.8g(0.22モル)、39.6g(0.44モル)、または59.4g(0.66モル)のジメチルカーボネート(DMC)を加え、マグネチックスターラーで撹拌して反応溶液を調製すると、それぞれ、1:0.5、1:1、1:2、または1:3のモル比を有する溶液が得られた。溶液ごとに、70℃で3時間混合し、反応を促進させた。
シリカ粉末を、以下の実施例において多孔質支持体として使用した。シリカ粉末の平均サイズは、約1μm〜約20μmの範囲にあった。シリカ粉末のBET平均表面積は、150m2/g〜200m2/gの範囲にあった。シリカ粉末のBJH平均細孔容積は、0.8cc/g〜1.2cc/gの範囲にあった。シリカ粉末のBET平均細孔半径は、120オングストローム〜200オングストロームの範囲にあった。
シリカ粉末をディスクペレタイザー中に装入し、ディスクを回転させながら湿式顆粒が形成されるまでポリアミン溶液を注入することにより、アミンの含浸および造粒を行った。造粒後、顆粒を、N2雰囲気下、60℃で2〜3時間乾燥させた。
吸着剤の顆粒を、充填された床反応器に入れて、CO2吸着能力を測定した。0.1m/s(メートル/秒)のエアフローの場合、1000ppmのCO2濃度および0体積%の水(屋内の空気条件をシミュレートするため)を用いて、25℃で60分を超えてCO2の吸着を測定した。0.2m/s(メートル/秒)のエアフローの場合、400ppmのCO2濃度および1体積%の水(屋外の空気条件をシミュレートするため)を用いて、50℃で30分を超えて脱着を測定した。CO2の捕捉量(g−CO2/L−吸着剤)およびアミン捕捉効率(吸着剤に含浸されたアミンのグラム数あたりの吸着されたCO2のミリグラム数)によりCO2吸着剤の性能を測定した。
CO2吸着能力および熱老化に対する安定性を、それぞれ熱重量分析により分析した。吸着剤の熱老化に対する安定性を、各吸着剤の失活率を測定することで評価した。失活率は、新しい吸着剤の吸着能力に対する老化した吸着剤の吸着能力の比であり、失活率が高いほど、吸着剤の吸着能力の安定性は高い。
約20mL(11g)の実施例3に従って製造した吸着剤(平均粒径1.7mm〜2.3mm)を、試料22(55質量%のシリカ粉末支持体および45質量%のポリアミンを含有し、PEHA:DMC=1:1で実施例1に従って製造したもの)と呼び、これをプラグフロー反応器に入れ、2ppmのホルムアルデヒドを含有する空気流を、30℃で50,000h−1の空間速度で試料に通した。気流には、約400ppmのCO2および1%のH2Oも含有されており、これらはホルムアルデヒドの吸着を阻害しなかった。
実施例6と同様に、約20mL(11g)の試料22の吸着剤を、プラグフロー反応器に入れ、10ppmのアセトアルデヒドを含む空気流を、30℃で100,000h−1の空間速度で試料に通した。気流には、約400ppmのCO2および1%のH2Oも含有されており、これらはホルムアルデヒドの吸着を阻害しなかった。
Claims (103)
- 多孔質支持体、および
前記多孔質支持体上にコーティングされたガス吸着材料
を含む吸着剤であって、
前記ガス吸着材料は、1種以上のポリアミンを含み、前記1種以上のポリアミンは、反応生成物および/または反応物としてホルムアルデヒドを含まないプロセスに従って製造される、前記吸着剤。 - プロセスが、アミン化合物と反応物との反応を含む、請求項1記載の吸着剤。
- アミン化合物が、ペンタエチレンヘキサミン、ジエタノールアミン、テトラエチレンペンタミン、トリエチレンテトラミン、テトラエチレンテトラミン、ビス(2−ヒドロキシプロピル)アミン、N,N’−ビス(2−ヒドロキシエチル)エチレンジアミン、モノエタノールアミン、ジイソプロパノールアミン、アルキルアミン、メチルアミン、直鎖状ポリエチレンイミン、分枝鎖状ポリエチレンイミン、ジメチルアミン、ジエチルアミン、メチルジエタノールアミン、メチルエタノールアミン、ポリエチレンポリアミン、ジエチレントリアミン、N,N’−ビス−(3−アミノプロピル)エチレンジアミン、またはポリエチレンのうち1種以上を含む、請求項2記載の吸着剤。
- アミン化合物が、ペンタエチレンヘキサミンを含む、請求項2記載の吸着剤。
- アミン化合物が、N,N’−ビス−(3−アミノプロピル)エチレンジアミンを含む、請求項2記載の吸着剤。
- 反応物が、下記式:
を有する炭酸エステル化合物を含む、請求項2から5までのいずれか1項記載の吸着剤。 - 反応物が、アルキルカーボネートを含む、請求項2から5までのいずれか1項記載の吸着剤。
- アルキルカーボネートが、ジメチルカーボネートまたはジエチルカーボネートのうち1種以上を含む、請求項8記載の吸着剤。
- 反応物が、アセトン、ベンゾイン、ニンヒドリン、ベンゾフェノン、ベンゾインメチルエーテル、ブタノン、ペンタノン、ヘキサノン、ヘプタノン、アセト酢酸メチル、またはアセト酢酸エチルのうち1種以上を含むケトンを含む、請求項2から5までのいずれか1項記載の吸着剤。
- 反応物が、アセトンを含む、請求項2から5までのいずれか1項記載の吸着剤。
- ポリアミンが、吸着剤の全質量の20%〜60%の量で存在する、請求項1から11までのいずれか1項記載の吸着剤。
- 吸着剤の失活率が、85%より高い、請求項1から13までのいずれか1項記載の吸着剤。
- 吸着剤の失活率が、90%より高い、請求項1から13までのいずれか1項記載の吸着剤。
- 吸着剤のCO2吸着能力が、11g/Lより高い、請求項1から14までのいずれか1項記載の吸着剤。
- 吸着剤のCO2吸着能力が、吸着剤の質量に対する吸着されたCO2の質量として計算すると1.0質量%より高い、請求項1から14までのいずれか1項記載の吸着剤。
- 吸着剤のCO2吸着能力が、吸着剤の質量に対する吸着されたCO2の質量として計算すると1.5質量%より高い、請求項1から14までのいずれか1項記載の吸着剤。
- 多孔質支持体が、粘土を含む、請求項1から17までのいずれか1項記載の吸着剤。
- 多孔質支持体が、ベントナイト、アタパルジャイト、カオリナイト、モンモリロナイト、ボールクレー、フラー土、ヘクトライト、パリゴルスカイト、サポナイト、セピオライト、ハロイサイト、シリカ、硫酸カルシウム、ゼオライト、合成ゼオライト、アルミナ、チタニア、ヒュームドシリカ、活性炭、または金属有機骨格のうち1種以上を含む、請求項1から17までのいずれか1項記載の吸着剤。
- 多孔質支持体が、アタパルジャイトを含む、請求項1から17までのいずれか1項記載の吸着剤。
- 多孔質支持体の表面積が、50m2/gより大きい、請求項1から20までのいずれか1項記載の吸着剤。
- 多孔質支持体の平均細孔容積が、0.1cc/gより大きく、かつ3.0cc/g未満である、請求項1から21までのいずれか1項記載の吸着剤。
- 多孔質支持体が、約0.25mm〜約5mmの範囲の直径を有する顆粒の形である、請求項1から22までのいずれか1項記載の吸着剤。
- 支持体が、その上に形成されたシリコン系コーティングを含む、請求項1から23までのいずれか1項記載の吸着剤。
- 多孔質支持体上に形成されたシリコン系コーティングをさらに含む、請求項1から24までのいずれか1項記載の吸着剤。
- 全吸着剤の質量に対する吸着されたホルムアルデヒドの質量として計算すると0.7質量%より高いホルムアルデヒド吸着能力を有する、請求項1から25までのいずれか1項記載の吸着剤。
- ホルムアルデヒド吸着能力が、0.8質量%より高い、請求項26記載の吸着剤。
- 空気流が流れるプラグフロー反応器に充填される際に、ホルムアルデヒドの90%超を吸着する、請求項1から25までのいずれか1項記載の吸着剤であって、前記空気流は、2ppmのホルムアルデヒドおよび400ppmのCO2を最初に含有し、エアフローは、30℃に維持され、かつ50,000h−1の空間速度を有する、前記吸着剤。
- ホルムアルデヒドの90%超を吸着する、請求項28記載の吸着剤。
- 多孔質支持体;および
前記多孔質支持体上にコーティングされ、かつ1種以上のポリアミンを含有するガス吸着材料
を含む吸着剤であって、全吸着剤の質量に対する吸着されたホルムアルデヒドの質量として計算すると0.7質量%より高いホルムアルデヒド吸着能力を有する、前記吸着剤。 - ホルムアルデヒド吸着能力が、0.8質量%より高い、請求項30記載の吸着剤。
- 多孔質支持体;および
前記多孔質支持体上にコーティングされ、かつ1種以上のポリアミンを含有するガス吸着材料
を含み、かつ空気流が流れるプラグフロー反応器に充填される際に、ホルムアルデヒドの90%超を吸着する吸着剤であって、前記空気流は、2ppmのホルムアルデヒドおよび400ppmのCO2を最初に含有し、エアフローは、30℃に維持され、かつ50,000h−1の空間速度を有する、前記吸着剤。 - ホルムアルデヒドの90%超を吸着する、請求項32記載の吸着剤。
- 1種以上のポリアミンが、アミン化合物と反応物との反応から製造され、その際、前記反応は反応生成物としてホルムアルデヒドを含まない、請求項32または33記載の吸着剤。
- アミン化合物が、ペンタエチレンヘキサミン、ジエタノールアミン、テトラエチレンペンタミン、トリエチレンテトラミン、テトラエチレンテトラミン、ビス(2−ヒドロキシプロピル)アミン、N,N’−ビス(2−ヒドロキシエチル)エチレンジアミン、モノエタノールアミン、ジイソプロパノールアミン、アルキルアミン、メチルアミン、直鎖状ポリエチレンイミン、分枝鎖状ポリエチレンイミン、ジメチルアミン、ジエチルアミン、メチルジエタノールアミン、メチルエタノールアミン、ポリエチレンポリアミン、ジエチレントリアミン、N,N’−ビス−(3−アミノプロピル)エチレンジアミン、またはポリエチレンのうち1種以上を含む、請求項34記載の吸着剤。
- アミン化合物が、ペンタエチレンヘキサミンを含む、請求項34記載の吸着剤。
- アミン化合物が、N,N’−ビス−(3−アミノプロピル)エチレンジアミンを含む、請求項34記載の吸着剤。
- 反応物が、下記式:
を有する炭酸エステル化合物を含む、請求項34から37までのいずれか1項記載の吸着剤。 - 反応物が、アルキルカーボネートを含む、請求項34から37までのいずれか1項記載の吸着剤。
- アルキルカーボネートが、ジメチルカーボネートまたはジエチルカーボネートのうち1種以上を含む、請求項40記載の吸着剤。
- 反応物が、アセトン、ベンゾイン、ニンヒドリン、ベンゾフェノン、ベンゾインメチルエーテル、ブタノン、ペンタノン、ヘキサノン、ヘプタノン、アセト酢酸メチル、またはアセト酢酸エチルのうち1種以上を含むケトンを含む、請求項34から37までのいずれか1項記載の吸着剤。
- 反応物が、アセトンを含む、請求項34から37までのいずれか1項記載の吸着剤。
- 1種以上のポリアミンが、吸着剤の全質量の20%〜60%の量で存在する、請求項30から43までのいずれか1項記載の吸着剤。
- 吸着剤の失活率が、85%より高い、請求項30から44までのいずれか1項記載の吸着剤。
- 吸着剤の失活率が、90%より高い、請求項30から44までのいずれか1項記載の吸着剤。
- 吸着剤のCO2吸着能力が、11g/Lより高い、請求項30から46までのいずれか1項記載の吸着剤。
- 吸着剤のCO2吸着能力が、吸着剤の質量に対する吸着されたCO2の質量として計算すると1.0質量%より高い、請求項30から46までのいずれか1項記載の吸着剤。
- 吸着剤のCO2吸着能力が、吸着剤の質量に対する吸着されたCO2の質量として計算すると1.5質量%より高い、請求項30から46までのいずれか1項記載の吸着剤。
- 多孔質支持体が、粘土を含む、請求項30から49までのいずれか1項記載の吸着剤。
- 多孔質支持体が、ベントナイト、アタパルジャイト、カオリナイト、モンモリロナイト、ボールクレー、フラー土、ヘクトライト、パリゴルスカイト、サポナイト、セピオライト、ハロイサイト、シリカ、硫酸カルシウム、ゼオライト、合成ゼオライト、アルミナ、チタニア、ヒュームドシリカ、活性炭、または金属有機骨格のうち1種以上を含む、請求項30から49までのいずれか1項記載の吸着剤。
- 多孔質支持体が、アタパルジャイトを含む、請求項30から49までのいずれか1項記載の吸着剤。
- 多孔質支持体の表面積が、50m2/gより大きい、請求項30から52までのいずれか1項記載の吸着剤。
- 多孔質支持体の平均細孔容積が、0.1cc/gより大きく、かつ3.0cc/g未満である、請求項30から53までのいずれか1項記載の吸着剤。
- 多孔質支持体が、約0.25mm〜約5mmの範囲の直径を有する顆粒の形である、請求項30から54までのいずれか1項記載の吸着剤。
- 多孔質支持体が、その上に形成されたシリコン系コーティングを含む、請求項30から55までのいずれか1項記載の吸着剤。
- 吸着剤の製造方法であって、
第1のアミン化合物および反応物を含む反応溶液を調製すること、前記反応物は、炭酸エステル化合物またはケトン化合物を含み、かつ前記第1のアミン化合物は、前記反応物と反応して第2のアミン化合物を生成する;および
前記第2のアミン化合物を、多孔質支持体に含浸させて前記吸着剤を製造すること
を含む、前記製造方法。 - 第1のアミン化合物と反応物との反応生成物が、ホルムアルデヒドを含まない、請求項57記載の方法。
- 第1のアミン化合物は、第1の数のアミン部分を含み、第2のアミン化合物は、第1の数のアミン部分以上の第2の数のアミン部分を含む、請求項57または58記載の方法。
- 第1の数のアミン部分が、1より多い、請求項59記載の方法。
- 第1の数のアミン部分が、2より多い、請求項59記載の方法。
- 第1の数のアミン部分が、3より多い、請求項59記載の方法。
- 第1の数のアミン部分が、4より多い、請求項59記載の方法。
- 第1の数のアミン部分が、5より多い、請求項59記載の方法。
- 第1のアミン化合物が、ペンタエチレンヘキサミン、ジエタノールアミン、テトラエチレンペンタミン、トリエチレンテトラミン、テトラエチレンテトラミン、ビス(2−ヒドロキシプロピル)アミン、N,N’−ビス(2−ヒドロキシエチル)エチレンジアミン、モノエタノールアミン、ジイソプロパノールアミン、アルキルアミン、メチルアミン、直鎖状ポリエチレンイミン、分枝鎖状ポリエチレンイミン、ジメチルアミン、ジエチルアミン、メチルジエタノールアミン、メチルエタノールアミン、ポリエチレンポリアミン、ジエチレントリアミン、N,N’−ビス−(3−アミノプロピル)エチレンジアミン、またはポリエチレンのうち1種以上を含む、請求項57または58記載の方法。
- 第1のアミン化合物が、ペンタエチレンヘキサミンを含む、請求項57または58記載の方法。
- 第1のアミン化合物が、N,N’−ビス−(3−アミノプロピル)エチレンジアミンを含む、請求項57または58記載の吸着剤。
- 炭酸エステル化合物が、下記式:
のものである、請求項57から67までのいずれか1項記載の方法。 - 炭酸エステル化合物が、アルキルカーボネートを含む、請求項57から67までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- アルキルカーボネートが、ジメチルカーボネートまたはジエチルカーボネートのうち1種以上を含む、請求項57から67までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- ケトンが、アセトン、ベンゾイン、ニンヒドリン、ベンゾフェノン、ベンゾインメチルエーテル、ブタノン、ペンタノン、ヘキサノン、ヘプタノン、アセト酢酸メチル、またはアセト酢酸エチルのうち1種以上を含む、請求項57から67までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- ケトンが、アセトンを含む、請求項57から67までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 第2のアミン化合物が、吸着剤の全質量の20%〜60%の量で存在する、請求項57から73までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 吸着剤の失活率が、85%より高い、請求項57から73までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 吸着剤の失活率が、90%より高い、請求項57から73までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 吸着剤のCO2吸着能力が、11g/Lより高い、請求項57から76までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 吸着剤のCO2吸着能力が、吸着剤の質量に対する吸着されたCO2の質量として計算すると1.0質量%より高い、請求項57から76までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 吸着剤のCO2吸着能力が、吸着剤の質量に対する吸着されたCO2の質量として計算すると1.5質量%より高い、請求項57から76までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 多孔質支持体が、粘土を含む、請求項57から79までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 多孔質支持体が、ベントナイト、アタパルジャイト、カオリナイト、モンモリロナイト、ボールクレー、フラー土、ヘクトライト、パリゴルスカイト、サポナイト、セピオライト、ハロイサイト、シリカ、硫酸カルシウム、ゼオライト、合成ゼオライト、アルミナ、チタニア、ヒュームドシリカ、活性炭、または金属有機骨格のうち1種以上を含む、請求項57から80までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 多孔質支持体が、アタパルジャイトを含む、請求項57から80までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 多孔質支持体の表面積が、第2のアミン化合物を含浸する前に、50m2/gより大きい、請求項57から82までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 多孔質支持体の平均細孔容積が、0.1cc/gより大きく、かつ3.0cc/g未満である、請求項57から83までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 多孔質支持体が、約0.25mm〜約5mmの範囲の直径を有する顆粒の形である、請求項57から84までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 支持体が、その上に形成されたシリコン系コーティングを含む、請求項57から84までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 含浸前にシリコン系コーティングを多孔質支持体上に形成することをさらに含む、請求項57から86までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 多孔質支持体上にシリコン系コーティングを形成することが、多孔質支持体を、テトラエチルオルトシリケート、コロイド状シリカ、またはケイ酸ナトリウムのうち1種以上で処理することを含む、請求項87記載の方法。
- 支持体を、含浸前にか焼することをさらに含む、請求項57から88までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 多孔質支持体のか焼が、多孔質支持体を400℃〜600℃の温度でか焼することを含む、請求項89記載の方法。
- 請求項57から90までのいずれか1項記載の方法に従って製造された吸着剤。
- 請求項1から56までのいずれか1項または請求項91記載の吸着剤を含み、前記吸着剤が、CO2および/またはVOCスクラビングシステム内に受容された空気に接触するように配置されている、前記CO2および/またはVOCスクラビングシステム。
- フィルタユニット;および
前記フィルタユニット内に配置された、請求項1から56までのいずれか1項または請求項91記載の吸着剤
を含む、自動車の換気システム。 - フィルタユニット;および
前記フィルタユニット内に配置された、請求項1から56までのいずれか1項または請求項91記載の吸着剤
を含む、航空機環境制御システム。 - 大気から二酸化炭素を除去するための空気制御システムであって、
フィルタユニット;および
前記フィルタユニット内に配置された、請求項1から56までのいずれか1項または請求項91記載の吸着剤
を含む、前記空気制御システム。 - 請求項1から56までのいずれか1項または請求項91記載の吸着剤が配置されている、食品貯蔵容器。
- 粉末の形の、請求項1から56までのいずれか1項または請求項91記載の吸着剤を含む、塗料組成物。
- 請求項1から56までのいずれか1項または請求項91記載の吸着剤を含む、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン空気フィルターシート。
- 第1のCO2濃度を有する第1の体積の空気を、請求項1から56までのいずれか1項または請求項91記載の吸着剤を含む空気処理チャンバに流すこと;および
前記吸着剤を、前記第1の体積の空気と接触させること
を含む空気の処理方法であって、前記第1の体積の空気の第2のCO2濃度が、接触後の第1のCO2濃度未満である、前記処理方法。 - 第1の体積の空気が、建造物の内部から再循環される空気を含む、請求項99記載の方法。
- 第3のCO2濃度を有する第2の体積の空気を、空気処理チャンバ内に流すこと;および
吸着剤を、前記第2の体積の空気と接触させること
をさらに含み、その際、前記第2の体積の空気の第4のCO2濃度が、接触後の第3のCO2濃度より高い、請求項100記載の方法。 - 第2の体積の空気が、建造物の外部からの空気を含む、請求項101記載の方法。
- 請求項1から56までのいずれか1項または請求項91記載の吸着剤を含み、前記吸着剤がウォッシュコートされた、多孔質セラミックハニカム、金属ハニカム、またはポリマーフォームの形である、吸着体。
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JP2021003664A (ja) * | 2019-06-25 | 2021-01-14 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | Co2吸着材 |
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EP3414004A4 (en) | 2019-10-09 |
MX2018009772A (es) | 2018-09-10 |
US11229897B2 (en) | 2022-01-25 |
EP3414004A1 (en) | 2018-12-19 |
CN108602047B (zh) | 2022-05-03 |
WO2017139555A1 (en) | 2017-08-17 |
US20190039047A1 (en) | 2019-02-07 |
TW201741022A (zh) | 2017-12-01 |
CN108602047A (zh) | 2018-09-28 |
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