JP7150897B2 - 室内空気の品質制御のための二酸化炭素吸着剤 - Google Patents
室内空気の品質制御のための二酸化炭素吸着剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7150897B2 JP7150897B2 JP2021000833A JP2021000833A JP7150897B2 JP 7150897 B2 JP7150897 B2 JP 7150897B2 JP 2021000833 A JP2021000833 A JP 2021000833A JP 2021000833 A JP2021000833 A JP 2021000833A JP 7150897 B2 JP7150897 B2 JP 7150897B2
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Description
本出願は、2015年3月23日に出願された米国仮特許出願第62/136,918号および2015年11月3日に出願された米国仮特許出願第62/250,300号の優先権の利益を主張し、この開示は、その全体が参照により本明細書に組み込まれる。
背景
本開示の概要
図面の簡単な説明
ここに記載された実施態様は、暖房、換気、および空調(HVAC)システム用の二酸化炭素(CO2)吸着剤に関し、特に、商業オフィス建築物におけるエネルギー消費を低減するために改善された吸着容量および耐久性を有する吸着剤に関する。HVACシステムのCO2スクラバーユニット内で固体CO2吸着剤を使用することは、室内CO2濃度レベルを、外気で希釈することにより低減するための換気の頻度を減らし、こうしてエネルギー消費を低減することを可能にする。
ジエタノールアミン(DEA)
M:105.14g/mol
沸点:269.9℃
沸点:340℃
ペンタエチレンヘキサアミン(PEHA)
M:232.37g/mol
沸点:380℃
一般的実施態様の例示的な実施例
実施例A1:DEA-含浸吸着剤
実施例A2:混合アミン含浸吸着剤
実施例A3:吸着容量の測定
実施例A4:熱老化分析
実施例A5:摩耗試験
被覆された担体の例示的な実施例
実施例B1:TEOS処理
実施例B2:コロイド状シリカを用いた処理
実施例B3:ケイ酸ナトリウムを用いた処理
実施例B4:ケイ酸ナトリウムを用いた処理
実施例B5:吸着剤の準備
実施例B6:老化分析
実施例B7:耐摩耗性
Claims (25)
- ジエタノールアミン及び/又はペンタエチレンヘキサアミンを含むアミン化合物、
グリセロールを含むヒドロキシル含有添加物、および
前記アミン化合物で含浸された、粘土を含む多孔質担体粒子、
を含む吸着剤であって、前記アミン化合物は、前記吸着剤の全質量の20%~40%の範囲の量で存在する、吸着剤。 - 前記吸着剤の失活率は25%より大きい、請求項1記載の吸着剤。
- 摩耗試験を行った後の前記吸着剤の質量損失は3%未満であり、かつ前記吸着剤のCO2吸着容量は、前記吸着剤が20℃より高くかつ40℃未満の温度で維持される場合、6g/Lより大きい、請求項1記載の吸着剤。
- 前記アミン化合物は、さらに、トリエチレンペンタアミン、テトラエチレンペンタアミン、トリエチレンテトラアミン、ビス(2-ヒドロキシプロピル)アミン、N,N′-ビス(2-ヒドロキシエチル)エチレンジアミン、モノエタノールアミン、ジイソプロパノールアミン、アルキルアミン、メチルアミン、線状ポリエチレンイミン、分枝状ポリエチレンイミン、ジメチルアミン、ジエチルアミン、メチルジエタノールアミン、メチルエタノールアミン、またはポリエチレンポリアミンの1つ以上を含む、請求項1に記載の吸着剤。
- 前記アミン化合物は、ジエタノールアミンおよびペンタエチレンヘキサアミンを含む、請求項1に記載の吸着剤。
- 前記吸着剤のCO2吸着容量は、前記吸着剤が20℃より高くかつ40℃未満の温度に維持される場合、8g/Lより大きい、請求項1に記載の吸着剤。
- 前記多孔質担体粒子は、ベントナイト、アタパルジャイト、カオリナイト、モンモリロナイト、ボールクレイ、フラー土、ヘクトライト、パリゴルスカイト、サポナイト、セピオライト、ハロイサイト、シリカ、硫酸カルシウム、ゼオライト、アルミナ、ヒュームドシリカ、活性炭、または金属有機構造体の1つ以上を含む、請求項1に記載の吸着剤。
- 前記多孔質担体粒子の表面積は、前記アミン化合物で含浸される前に、50m2/gより大きく、かつ、前記吸着剤の平均細孔容積は、0.2cc/gより大でかつ0.8cc/g未満である、請求項1に記載の吸着剤。
- 前記顆粒の平均サイズは、0.25mm~5mmの範囲にある、請求項1に記載の吸着剤。
- 前記吸着剤は、多孔質セラミックハニカム体、金属ハニカム体、またはポリマーフォーム上にコートされている、請求項1に記載の吸着剤。
- 吸着剤を製造する方法において、前記方法は、
粘土を含む多孔質担体粒子を、ヒドロキシル含有添加物と、ジエタノールアミン及び/又はペンタエチレンヘキサアミンを含むアミン化合物とで含浸することを含み、前記ヒドロキシル含有添加物は、グリセロールを含み、前記アミン化合物は、前記吸着剤の全質量の20%~40%の範囲の量で存在する、
吸着剤を製造する方法。 - さらに、
前記多孔質担体粒子を、含浸の前に焼成すること
を含む、請求項11に記載の方法。 - さらに、
前記アミン化合物を前記ヒドロキシル含有添加物と混合することを含み、ここで、前記多孔質担体粒子の含浸は、前記多孔質担体粒子を前記アミン化合物と前記ヒドロキシル含有添加物とで同時に含浸することを含む
請求項11に記載の方法。 - 前記吸着剤の失活率は25%より大きく、摩耗試験を行った後の前記吸着剤の質量損失は3%未満であり、かつ前記吸着剤のCO2吸着容量は、前記吸着剤が20℃より高くかつ40℃未満の温度で維持される場合、6g/Lより大きい、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記アミン化合物は、さらに、トリエチレンペンタアミン、テトラエチレンペンタアミン、トリエチレンテトラアミン、ビス(2-ヒドロキシプロピル)アミン、N,N′-ビス(2-ヒドロキシエチル)エチレンジアミン、モノエタノールアミン、ジイソプロパノールアミン、アルキルアミン、メチルアミン、線状ポリエチレンイミン、分枝状ポリエチレンイミン、ジメチルアミン、ジエチルアミン、メチルジエタノールアミン、メチルエタノールアミン、またはポリエチレンポリアミンの1つ以上を含む、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記アミン化合物は、ジエタノールアミンおよびペンタエチレンヘキサアミンを含む、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記吸着剤のCO2吸着容量は、前記吸着剤が20℃より高くかつ40℃未満の温度に維持される場合、8g/Lより大きい、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記多孔質担体粒子は、ベントナイト、アタパルジャイト、カオリナイト、モンモリロナイト、ボールクレイ、フラー土、ヘクトライト、パリゴルスカイト、サポナイト、セピオライト、ハロイサイト、シリカ、硫酸カルシウム、ゼオライト、アルミナ、ヒュームドシリカ、活性炭、または金属有機構造体の1つ以上を含む、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記多孔質担体粒子の表面積は、前記アミン化合物で含浸される前に、50m2/gより大きく、前記吸着剤の平均細孔容積は、0.2cc/gより大でかつ0.8cc/g未満である、請求項11に記載の方法。
- さらに、
前記吸着剤を、多孔質セラミックハニカム体、金属ハニカム体、またはポリマーフォームから選択される支持体上にウォッシュコートすること
を含む、請求項11に記載の方法。 - CO2スクラビングシステム内へ受け取られた空気流と接触するように配列された1つ以上のフィルターカートリッジ、および
前記1つ以上のフィルターカートリッジ内に配置された、請求項1から10までのいずれか記載の吸着剤
を含むCO2スクラビングシステム。 - 空気を処理する方法において、前記方法は、
第1のCO2濃度を有する空気の第1の体積を、請求項1から10までのいずれか記載の吸着剤を含む空気処理室内へ流入させること、および
空気の前記第1の体積を前記吸着剤と接触させることを含み、ここで、前記接触後で、空気の前記第1の体積の第2のCO2濃度は、前記第1のCO2濃度よりも低い、
空気を処理する方法。 - フィルタユニット、および
前記フィルタユニット内に配置された、請求項1から10までのいずれか記載の吸着剤
を含む自動車換気システム。 - フィルタユニット、および
前記フィルタユニット内に配置された、請求項1から10までのいずれか記載の吸着剤
を含む航空機環境制御システム。 - 大気から二酸化炭素を除去するための空気制御システムにおいて、前記システムは、
フィルタユニット、および
前記フィルタユニット内に配置された、請求項1から10までのいずれか記載の吸着剤を含む空気制御システム。
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EP3274075A4 (en) | 2018-11-21 |
EP3274075A1 (en) | 2018-01-31 |
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US20180050322A1 (en) | 2018-02-22 |
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