JP2014067713A - 複合負極活物質、それを含む負極及びリチウム電池、並びにその製造方法 - Google Patents
複合負極活物質、それを含む負極及びリチウム電池、並びにその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2014067713A JP2014067713A JP2013193048A JP2013193048A JP2014067713A JP 2014067713 A JP2014067713 A JP 2014067713A JP 2013193048 A JP2013193048 A JP 2013193048A JP 2013193048 A JP2013193048 A JP 2013193048A JP 2014067713 A JP2014067713 A JP 2014067713A
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- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052716 thallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
【解決手段】 中空炭素ファイバを含むシェルと、該中空炭素ファイバの中空内に配置されたコアと、を含み、コアが第1金属ナノ構造体及び導電材を含む複合負極活物質、それを含む負極及びリチウム電池、並びに該複合負極活物質の製造方法である。
【選択図】 図1
Description
実施例1
ポリメチルメタクリレート(PMMA、Aldrich、Lot# MKBG7591V)10重量部、平均粒径50nmのSiナノ粒子(Aldrich、Lot# MKBD6013V)2重量部、及びカーボンナノチューブ(Nanocyl、Batch# 100419)0.2重量部を、N,N−ジメチルホルムアミド44重量部及びアセトン44重量部の混合溶媒に投入し、撹拌して第1溶液を製造した。
第1溶液及び第2溶液を、同時に二重ノズルを介して電界紡糸により射出し、コア/シェル構造の高分子ファイバを得た。電界紡糸は、第1溶液及び第2溶液を、それぞれ1ml/hr及び1.5ml/hrの速度で、10〜20kVを印加し、電極間の距離は、10乃至20cmであり、収集電極としては、アルミニウムフィルムを使用した。紡糸ノズルの直径は、0.1乃至1mmであり、常温で紡糸した(電界紡糸段階)。
Siナノ粒子の代わりに、同一の粒径のGeナノ粒子を使用したことを除いては、実施例1と同一の方法で複合負極活物質を製造した。
カーボンナノチューブの代わりに、同一の直径の炭素ナノファイバを使用したことを除いては、実施例1と同一の方法で複合負極活物質を製造した。
カーボンナノチューブの代わりに、同一の直径のCuナノワイヤを使用したことを除いては、実施例1と同一の方法で複合負極活物質を製造した。
カーボンナノチューブを添加しないことを除いては、実施例1と同一の方法で複合負極活物質を製造した。
実施例5
実施例1で合成された複合負極活物質粉末、カーボンブラック(電気化学(株))導電材及びポリフッ化ビニリデン(PVdF)バインダを、N−メチルピロリドン溶媒で混合し、複合負極活物質:導電材:バインダ=87:3:10の重量比になるようにスラリを製造した。
実施例2乃至4で製造された複合負極活物質を使用したことを除いては、実施例5と同一の方法でリチウム電池を製造した。
比較例1で製造された複合負極活物質を使用したことを除いては、実施例5と同一の方法でリチウム電池を製造した。
実施例1で、電界紡糸によって得られたコア/シェル構造高分子ファイバに対する走査電子顕微鏡(SEM)及び透過電子顕微鏡(TEM)の写真が図2A乃至図4に示されている。
実施例5〜8及び比較例2で製造されたコインセルに対して、25℃で0.2Cレートの電流で、電圧が0.01V(Li対比)に至るまで定電流充電し、0.01Vを維持しながら、電流が0.01Cになるまで定電圧充電した。次に、放電時に、電圧が1.5V(Li対比)に至るまで0.2Cの定電流で放電した。
実施例5〜8で製造されたコインセルに対して、常温で、リチウム金属対比で、0.01〜1.5Vの電圧範囲で、0.2Cレートの定電流で充電させながら、放電時の電流密度が上昇することによる放電容量の一部を、下記表2に示した。放電時の電流密度は、それぞれ0.1Cレート、0.2Cレート、1Cレート及び20Cレートであった。
2 負極
3 正極
4 セパレータ
5 電池ケース
6 キャップ・アセンブリ
10 複合負極活物質
11 シェル
12 第1金属ナノ構造体
13 導電材
14 気孔
15 コア
Claims (20)
- 中空炭素ファイバを含むシェルと、
前記炭素ファイバの中空内に配置されたコアと、を含み、
前記コアが、第1金属ナノ構造体及び導電材を含む複合負極活物質。 - 前記コアが、気孔を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の複合負極活物質。
- 前記複合負極活物質の短軸切断面で、気孔の占める面積が10乃至90%であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の複合負極活物質。
- 前記中空炭素ファイバの外径が、500nm以上又は500nm乃至5μmであることを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のうちいずれか一項に記載の複合負極活物質。
- 前記中空炭素ファイバの壁厚が、50乃至500nmであることを特徴とする請求項1乃至4のうちいずれか一項に記載の複合負極活物質。
- 前記第1金属ナノ構造体が、Si、Ge及びSnからなる群から選択された一つ以上の元素を含むことを特徴とする請求項1乃至5のうちいずれか一項に記載の複合負極活物質。
- 前記第1金属ナノ構造体が、ナノ粒子、ナノロッド、ナノワイヤ、ナノチューブ、ナノベルト、ナノ多孔体、ナノカプセル及びナノキューブからなる群から選択された一つ以上であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至6のうちいずれか一項に記載の複合負極活物質。
- 前記第1金属ナノ構造体が、ナノ粒子を含み、
前記ナノ粒子の粒径が、10nm乃至100nmであることを特徴とする請求項1乃至7のうちいずれか一項に記載の複合負極活物質。 - 前記導電材が、炭素ナノ構造体及び第2金属ナノ構造体からなる群から選択された一つ以上であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至8のうちいずれか一項に記載の複合負極活物質。
- 前記導電材が、炭素ナノ構造体を含み、
前記炭素ナノ構造体が、カーボンナノチューブ、グラフェン、炭素ナノファイバ、フラーレン、活性炭素粒子、炭素ナノプレート、炭素オニオン及び炭素ナノ多孔体からなる群から選択された一つ以上であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至9のうちいずれか一項に記載の複合負極活物質。 - 前記導電材が、第2金属ナノ構造体を含み、
前記第2金属ナノ構造体が、Ag、Au、Cu、Al、Ca、W、Zn、Ni、Li、Fe、Pt及びTiからなる群から選択された一つ以上の元素を含むことを特徴とする請求項1乃至10のうちいずれか一項に記載の複合負極活物質。 - 前記コアで、第1金属ナノ構造体と導電材との重量比が、99:1乃至50:50であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至11のうちいずれか一項に記載の複合負極活物質。
- 請求項1乃至13のうち、いずれか一項に記載の複合負極活物質を含む負極。
- 請求項14に記載の負極を含むリチウム電池。
- 気孔形成物質、第1金属ナノ構造体及び導電材を含む第1溶液を準備する段階と、
第2高分子を含む第2溶液を準備する段階と、
前記第1溶液及び第2溶液を同時に電界紡糸により射出し、気孔形成物質を含むコア、及び第2高分子を含むシェルからなるコア/シェル構造の高分子ファイバを準備する段階と、
前記高分子ファイバを安定化させる段階と、
前記安定化された高分子ファイバを焼成し、複合負極活物質を製造する焼成段階と、を含む複合負極活物質の製造方法。 - 前記気孔形成物質が、1,000℃未満の温度で熱分解されることを特徴とする請求項15に記載の複合負極活物質の製造方法。
- 前記気孔形成物質が、ポリスチレン、ポリメチルメタクリレート、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリカーボネート、ポリエステル、ポリエーテルイミド、ポリエチレン、ポリエチレンオキシド、ポリウレタン、ポリ酢酸ビニル、ポリ塩化ビニル、及びそれらとポリアクリロニトリルとの共重合体からなる群から選択された一つ以上の第1高分子であることを特徴とする請求項15又は16に記載の複合負極活物質の製造方法。
- 前記気孔形成物質がシリカ(SiO2)、炭酸アンモニウム、重炭酸アンモニウム(ammonium bicarbonate)、シュウ酸アンモニウム、二酸化チタン及び酸化亜鉛からなる群から選択された一つ以上であることを特徴とする請求項15乃至17のうちいずれか一項に記載の複合負極活物質の製造方法。
- 前記焼成段階で、第2高分子が炭化されて中空炭素ファイバを形成することを特徴とする請求項15乃至18のうちいずれか一項に記載の複合負極活物質の製造方法。
- 前記第2高分子が、ポリアクリロニトリル、ポリイミド、ポリアニリン、ポリピロール、及びポリアクリロニトリルの共重合体からなる群から選択された一つ以上であることを特徴とする請求項15乃至19のうちいずれか一項に記載の複合負極活物質の製造方法。
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WO2021034109A1 (ko) | 2019-08-19 | 2021-02-25 | 대주전자재료 주식회사 | 규소·산화규소-탄소 복합체, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지용 음극 활물질 |
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Also Published As
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CN103682283B (zh) | 2018-06-05 |
EP2711338B1 (en) | 2016-05-25 |
EP2711338A1 (en) | 2014-03-26 |
KR20140039603A (ko) | 2014-04-02 |
US20140087255A1 (en) | 2014-03-27 |
CN103682283A (zh) | 2014-03-26 |
JP6445231B2 (ja) | 2018-12-26 |
US9564631B2 (en) | 2017-02-07 |
KR101951323B1 (ko) | 2019-02-22 |
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