EP0884180B1 - Procédé de commande ou de regulation des operations effectuées par une machine d'impression - Google Patents

Procédé de commande ou de regulation des operations effectuées par une machine d'impression Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0884180B1
EP0884180B1 EP98106543A EP98106543A EP0884180B1 EP 0884180 B1 EP0884180 B1 EP 0884180B1 EP 98106543 A EP98106543 A EP 98106543A EP 98106543 A EP98106543 A EP 98106543A EP 0884180 B1 EP0884180 B1 EP 0884180B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
image
color
control
values
signals
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Revoked
Application number
EP98106543A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0884180A1 (fr
Inventor
Helmut Prof.Dr. Kipphan
Wolfgang Geissler
Gerhard Dr. Fischer
Werner Dr. Huber
Bernd Kistler
Gerhard Löffler
Anton Rodi
Harald Bucher
Clemens Dr. Rensch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Heidelberger Druckmaschinen AG
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Heidelberger Druckmaschinen AG
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Application filed by Heidelberger Druckmaschinen AG filed Critical Heidelberger Druckmaschinen AG
Publication of EP0884180A1 publication Critical patent/EP0884180A1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F33/00—Indicating, counting, warning, control or safety devices
    • B41F33/0036—Devices for scanning or checking the printed matter for quality control
    • B41F33/0045—Devices for scanning or checking the printed matter for quality control for automatically regulating the ink supply
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F33/00—Indicating, counting, warning, control or safety devices
    • B41F33/0036—Devices for scanning or checking the printed matter for quality control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M1/00—Inking and printing with a printer's forme
    • B41M1/14—Multicolour printing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO PRINTING, LINING MACHINES, TYPEWRITERS, AND TO STAMPS
    • B41P2233/00—Arrangements for the operation of printing presses
    • B41P2233/50—Marks on printed material
    • B41P2233/51—Marks on printed material for colour quality control

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for Control and regulation of operations at least a printing machine.
  • the invention is the devices are particularly applicable to printing presses for handling, printing and treating sheets or other surfaces to be printed. Furthermore, the invention is for controlling or regulating Devices applicable, the or a printing press are subordinate, such as devices for separating, folding, Cut, collect, stack, insert, insert, sort and depositing sheets or webs. Further Areas of application are machines and devices for bookbinding production and further processing of Printed matter and devices for the inspection of Printed matter that u. a. a pictorial representation of the Surface and / or a quality assessment of the Allow printed matter.
  • the invention is used for control and rules of operations that the form and / or Coloring of an arch, a path or one Influence the printed product significantly.
  • color control it is known to use color measurements in Color fields of a certain color of the print control strip To gain actual values for the color control. It is also, especially known for spot and special colors, actual values for the color control from image areas printed in full tones to win.
  • the color measurement in the color fields or in the Spot image areas can be inside the press or be done offline outside the press, for what a sample sheet is removed from the process and one Color measuring arrangement is supplied.
  • the preferably opto electronically obtained color measurement values can be sent to a control and Control circuit are passed where they are Setpoints are compared and in manipulated variables for Control elements of a color distribution device converted become.
  • register setting facilities that have online acting register mark sensors, which on in Register mark traces with printed register marks directed are. There are also offline facilities at those with a register cross reader the accuracy of Fitting crosses is measured and then the measured values said machine control are passed on where Generated manipulated variables for the register setting devices become.
  • a subject-dependent color measurement location by The operator of the printing press is in the solutions after State of the art not provided. Furthermore, the Operator through the offline color measurement via a larger period with the handling of the test objects and the Color and register measuring device deals. The operator there is no complete information about the Trend of the color and register setting available.
  • EP-A-0 444 427 contains a method for detecting remissions of full tone and Screen fields for the creation of diagnoses of changes in Process parameters.
  • the disturbances are according to a first Variant based on the course of time, preferably the speed of the change, recognized, the time course being calculated from the remission of the test fields.
  • the disturbances result from a trend analysis by the expected remission values are calculated in advance.
  • the object of the invention is a method to develop that the operator at Quality assurance supports and complements that's a quick settlement ensures that the amount of waste is reduced and that the effort and the costs for the control or regulation of operations of a printing machine reduced.
  • the object is achieved by a method which has the features of claim 1.
  • a device for control or regulation of operations of a printing machine with which the procedure can be carried out consists of at least one image recording device that on the Surface of the printed product is directed and with a control and regulation circuit is connected.
  • the tax and Image information can be supplied to the control circuit Play the surface of the printed product.
  • to Influencing the operations within the printing machine stands the control and Control circuit in connection with actuators.
  • Embodiments of the invention result from the Dependent claims.
  • Image information is first generated using the control and Control circuit the coordinates for the measuring locations of the Image acquisition device determined.
  • the image information for The determination of the coordinates can be from different sources come.
  • a first possibility is that the Image information taken from the image recording device be arranged in the printing machine and the one for scanning the surface of a Printed product is directed. To do this, the whole Surface or only parts of it can be scanned.
  • the printing press is a printing press
  • the image recording device preferably a last one Printing unit following on the surface of a sheet or one Web is directed
  • the image information can be used Determination of the coordinates for the measuring locations of one in the Setup phase generated print image can be obtained. Since the Image recording device not only detects the printed image, but also the remaining area of the arch or a path, it is possible to use the procedure and set up for the purpose the material identification or material testing of the Use printing material, especially to determine the Whiteness or luminance level or to determine Color fluctuations or material defects, such as stains or Holes.
  • the printing machine is used exclusively for Inspection of printed matter is trained, then can the image information, with the help of the image recording device, from the surface of any one to be inspected Printed matter can be obtained.
  • Another way to get coordinates for the measurement sites determine is to use image information which are taken from an image recording device, which is an image of the surface of the printed product outside scans the printing machine. More options result from the fact that the image information with the help generated by a digital computer that is part of a Device for image generation is, or that already available image information from a data storage device become.
  • the selection of a suitable measuring location for a specific one Operation can be done using a computer that be arranged within the control and regulating circuit can. If, for example, in an offset printing press Color scheme, dampening solution management and register are regulated or to be controlled, then coordinates for the Measuring locations of each of these operations determined.
  • a program is running in the computer that contains the appropriate Measurement locations.
  • To control the color of a printing press z. B. automatically determined from the image information measuring locations be in a color control strip and / or lying in the printed image itself. Said program ensures that the measuring point is significant for determining the actual value of a or more defined colors.
  • For a color control A measuring point of a printing press is significant if as much color information as possible for the respective color contains. Suitable measuring points for color control found, for example, within dark gray areas. at Spot and special colors Are the measuring points in solo standing colors, preferably in the 3/4-tone range.
  • Measuring point determination can be particularly critical tones are taken into account so that, for example, the measuring point for a subject in which furniture is depicted, in one brown-toned area or in a portrait in one flesh-colored area is determined.
  • the information about which of the critical at the respective pressure Hue can be set up in advance can be entered.
  • Such significant measuring locations are used for humidity control determined that in color-free areas in the scanning direction seen behind 3/4 or full-tone areas.
  • Suitable measuring locations for register control can be found in the Print image with register cross-like structures result, such as. B. thin lines and sharp edges, such as in the illustration of masts, antennas or windows in one Subject are present.
  • the Print products with the help of in the printing Machine arranged image recording device to the predetermined measuring locations scanned.
  • the actual picture signals are the control and regulation circuit supplied, where they in one Comparator with target values from a reference variable encoder be compared.
  • Comparator with target values from a reference variable encoder be compared.
  • separate actual values are defined on Measuring locations determined and compared with separate setpoints. To gain actual value for everyone to be regulated or controlling operations is per printing machine only one image acquisition device required.
  • the tax and Control circuit can be separate for each operation Facilities, comparators and reference gauges included.
  • the control and regulation circuit can be in a control console be housed and in conventional analog and digital circuit technology or implemented with fuzzy logic his.
  • the operator can control and Control circuitry interact, for which the control console a computer with a high resolution screen, with a alphanumeric keyboard, with a cursor control device and with an input and output device for data can be assigned.
  • the image from the surface of a Printed matter including that of the tax and Control circuit specific measuring locations are shown, where the measuring locations can be specially marked.
  • a difference image measured values of Operating variables and manipulated variables are displayed. The operator has the ability to control or regulate the Operations by interfering with the coordinates of the Measuring locations, the setpoints of operating variables or the Manipulated variables changed.
  • the image recording device can be on a plane out or on one on the outer surface of a cylinder transported.
  • Printed product To this Way it is possible not only in operations To control or regulate dependence on image signals originate from the surface of the printed matter, but also depending on image signals from the surface of the facilities transporting the printed matter come.
  • An example is a gripper control based on the 8ild signals, which indicate the location of the Printed matter relative to the printed matter in the Grippers holding transport devices include the Controls gripper opening times.
  • suitable image sensors can be used, such as discrete color selective photodiodes and transistors, lines and matrix-shaped CCD light receiver or Color camera tubes.
  • the working wavelength depends according to the type of image sensors used, so that both Thermal radiation, IR radiation, visible light or UV radiation than that containing the image information Radiation can be used.
  • the image recording device can Lens flare mode or work in transmitted light mode.
  • the angle of incidence and angle of exit for the measuring light is Adjusted reception characteristics of the image sensors.
  • the Image acquisition device is suitable for the entire width of the To scan the printed product. A cheap variant exists in a measuring bar that spans the entire width of the Printed product is arranged, with image signals from the actual printed image, but also signals from registration marks or Register marks and from the areas between the printed image and the edges of the printed product. If necessary, individual image sensors can be desensitized become.
  • a printing press is said to have further advantages of the device to be discribed:
  • the main application for a printing press is in the simultaneous image inspection and color control, for which the Image acquisition device Color measurement values directly from the printed image receives.
  • the color measurement values are preferably photometric according to the three-range method or with the help of a spectral measuring device won.
  • the spectral sensitivity of the measuring channels arranged in the image recording device for each area corresponds to the spectral value curves of one Standard observer.
  • the image sensors themselves can do one have defined spectral sensitivity or Image sensors with essentially the same sensitivity are used to filter the spectral value curves of the Normal observer adjusted.
  • the image sensors can e.g.
  • scanning the printing material zone by zone, the zone width can be variable, for which signals from Image sensors can be captured accordingly in groups.
  • the scan zones can correspond to the zones from the Color distribution device of the printing press are specified. If in a scanning zone due to the subject, for one or more Colors there is no suitable measuring location, then Color control Measured values from neighboring zones can be used. It is possible to do the complete with the image recording device Capture print image. However, only a part of the Printed image can be scanned. A special facility ensures that the same scanning location in each printed copy is detected. This can be done from stored image measurements previous measurement cycles are taken, whereby a Scanning location detection is possible. To determine the As described above, the scanning location can emit signals Devices for measuring the position of the substrate be used with respect to a reference location that the Control circuit are supplied so that a correlation of the Measured position values for the image signals are carried out.
  • Receivers are arranged a light attenuation arrangement. Furthermore, the intensity of the measuring light in Depending on the speed of the substrate or of the contrasts at the measuring point are regulated, for what corresponding devices for speed measurement or for contrast measurement in connection with the measuring light source have to stand.
  • the speed can be from the signals of an incremental encoder that can be obtained with the the printing material conveying cylinders is coupled.
  • Image inspection used.
  • This can be a Achieve overall quality control.
  • the Image acquisition device used as an online measuring arrangement.
  • online color measurement one becomes Comparison of the actual image data with rough reference values Color deviations and register errors, toning, pushing and Duplicate and a. Errors detected and displayed on the screen.
  • the entire printing material image inspection defects in and on the substrate such as B. cracks, holes, edge irregularities of the Substrate, inclusions, slugs and printing errors other mechanical influences can be seen.
  • the signals of the comparison resulting from the image inspection will be where possible control elements of the printing press to influence various operations are supplied and / or Devices supplied for display and / or for Serve quality documentation.
  • image inspection is the monitoring of the Moisture control in an offset printing machine. You can do this z. B. those obtained with the image recording device Image data from the area of the start of printing over the entire Width of the substrate can be continuously evaluated. If the evaluation shows that the lubrication limit has been reached then the dampening solution distribution devices and where appropriate, the color distribution devices adjusted that the ink / fountain solution balance optimal production printing allowed.
  • the image recording device is as Gloss measuring device formed. It is possible to To provide a separate highlight source, the at a defined angle of incidence on the Printing material shines. It is also possible to Highlight measurement using at least one in the Image recording device arranged receiver light evaluate whose level of incidence and default is not in Transport direction of the printing material lies. The can for color measurement or for image inspection Light source and receiver arrangement are used, wherein the secondary light striking a receiver is detected.
  • a register control device indicates signals Register actuators, both in terms of Image position to the substrate edges as well as with regard to the individual color images to each other a correction of the register cause.
  • an optical image guide For the transmission of the signals reproducing the image an optical image guide can be used, whose light entry surface is divided into partial areas, the sub-areas of light from the substrate from individual Record scanning zones. Then at the light exit surface Photoelectric receiver elements are provided, each are assigned to one of the scanning zones and the luminous flux convert into electrical signals.
  • That of the image recording device generated signals of a device for processing Image signals supplied.
  • the transmission of the image signals between the image recording device and the Processing device can also be wireless without Image conductor cables are made when used by the image sensors recorded information about an electromagnetic, acoustic or optical transmission and reception path be transmitted. Such a transmission link it is not necessary if the processing device is located locally Image acquisition device is assigned.
  • the facility for Processing of the image signals allows depending on the operating mode the image recording device a data reduction, so that a optimal control time is guaranteed.
  • the processed image signals are the Comparator supplied and with reference signals compared, which can be found in a reference value generator.
  • a memory can be used as the reference variable encoder Contains target image data from a previous print job for the same printed image. It is also possible that the memory contains target image data from the measurement a gut sheet with all colors and / or Individual color separations of a gut sheet can be obtained. This Measurement only needs to be carried out once, for which the Press control can contain a program which the required color separations in response to a control signal Delivers and initiates the measurements. From the measured values according to the grid, z. B. the area coverage the individual colors are calculated and together with the Color setpoints from the color measurement on the good sheet in the Memory stored.
  • an image measuring device can be taken from the on-site template was scanned.
  • the offline image measuring device and the online imaging device can be from be of the same type.
  • Drawing files can also be used as templates a scanned template, where then to position the drawing files as they are on the should be arranged according to the template Reference source of layout signals can be supplied.
  • Another way of providing benchmarks results from the fact that the operator of the printing press then a signal for data transfer to the reference variable encoder is given when the operator is visually and based on Measured values make the decision that the press is on is in a high-quality production state.
  • the processed actual image signals are as Transfer target values to the reference value generator.
  • the reference signals can be a setpoint memory are taken from the control device of the printing press assigned. All are in the setpoint memory Data processing usual storage media, such as. B. Semiconductor memory, floppy disks, magnetic tapes and optical Memory, usable.
  • the reference signals can be given by the operator be corrected or changed by hand. Likewise, the Operator the possibility of global reference signals as a percentage to change.
  • an error signal can be generated and output.
  • an acoustic signal is issued. If a computer with alphanumeric keyboard and cursor control device, as well as with a screen is provided for the interaction of the operator with the machine control and with the color controller, then the error signal can be generated optically on the screen, the actual image and the on the screen specially marked faulty image areas can be displayed.
  • the markings of the defective image areas can, for example, be simple geometric figures or can be realized in the form of a visually clearly visible false color representation.
  • the type of error can be determined from the processed image signals or from the signals after the comparator device and can also be output on the screen.
  • the errors can be classified into the following types of errors: color errors, register errors, dampening errors, slugs, defects in the substrate, contaminations in the substrate and edge breakouts in the substrate.
  • the control device can be blocked depending on the output signal of the error detection logic. In this way it is possible that, for example, a defect or contamination in the printing material will have no effect on the color control.
  • the Target / actual deviations are documented in intervals. For example, one described above Markers are used every 50th sheet or printed image with a sequential number, the time of measurement and to print the amount of the target / actual deviation. at a sheetfed press can simultaneously Strip shooter actuated on the boom stack become. In addition, those printed on the sheets quality documentation data are stored and at Required as a log with error statistics be issued. The logged measurement data of the Sample sheets can be placed outside the press using a calibrated color difference measuring device preferably homogeneous measuring locations of the printed image can be checked again.
  • FIG. 1 In the scheme shown in Figure 1 one Color control system with the help of drive elements 1 Web 2 for double-sided printing by printing units 3, 4 one Roll rotary printing machine 5 promoted.
  • the printing units 3, 4 contain color distribution devices 6, 7, 8, 9 which contain conventional zonal color metering elements and the in Transverse direction to the transport direction 10 of the web 2 Generate a defined color profile.
  • the web 2 is in contact with rubber cylinders 11, 12, 13, 14 set for pressure in one pass through the web-fed rotary printing press 5 printed multicolored on both sides.
  • the last printing unit 4 following are on the top and bottom of the web 2 each Image recording device 15, 16 provided in Bearings 17, 18 pivotable and in guides 19, 20 vertically are displaceable to the transport direction 10.
  • the Image recording devices 15, 16 capture the entire width lane 2 and each contain at least one Light source 21, 22 and a variety of photoelectric Receivers 23, 24.
  • the phase of Rubber cylinder 11, 12, 13, 14 is with the help of Register setting devices 26, 27, 28, 29 changeable. All to control and regulate the operations of the Web-fed rotary printing press 5 necessary elements are included connected to a machine controller 30, which in a Control panel 31 is arranged.
  • the machine control 30 contains input and output points 32 for tax and Control signals. The connections shown in Fig.
  • Control circuit 33 includes u. a. a device 34 for Processing the image signals, a comparator 35, a Reference size transmitter 36, a control device 37 and a Error detection logic 38.
  • the device 34 for processing of the image signals stands with the photoelectric Receivers 23, 24 of the image recording devices 15, 16 in Connection.
  • the output of the device 37 for processing of the image signals is with an actual value input of the Comparator 35 connected, a setpoint input of the Comparator 35 in conjunction with the reference value transmitter 36 stands.
  • the output of the comparator 35 is one Input of the error detection logic 38 and the Control device 37 in connection.
  • a control exit of the Fault detection logic 38 is with a blocking input Control device 37 connected.
  • the exit of the Control device 37 is connected to the via an output point 32 Color dosing elements in the Color distribution devices 6, 7, 8, 9 connected.
  • the Output of the control device 37 is still with the Register setting devices 26, 27, 28, 29 connectable.
  • On the control panel 31 is a computer 39 with a Screen 40, a keyboard 41 and one Cursor control device 42 arranged.
  • the bus system of the Computers 39 is in via a further input / output point 32 the machine control 30 performed.
  • the Dial-up modem 45 has an external transmission and Receiving unit 46 connected.
  • At an issue point 32 an acoustic signal generator 47 to the machine control 30 connected.
  • each Light source 21, 22 is from a programmable Power source controlled so that the color temperature of the Light sources 21, 22 can be regulated.
  • the Actual luminous flux of each light source 21, 22 with the help of Optical fibers are detected.
  • the one from Bru 2 reflected measuring light can be optically imaging system on the photoelectric receivers 23, 24 be transmitted.
  • the luminous flux from a picture element the web 2 runs out, is proportional to the signal charge one Photodiode of a CCD line used as a receiver 23, 24.
  • the Image recording devices 15, 16 perpendicular to Transport direction 10 displaceable and around the bearings 17, 18th pivotally arranged. This allows a focus and a Error compensation of the image recording device 15, 16 can be achieved.
  • Image recording devices 15, 16 can calibrate based on a color standard. That ⁇ s how it is possible to compare the Image recording devices 15, 16, the light source 21, 22 or the photoelectric receivers 23, 24 or only parts thereof in Are arranged displaceably in the direction of the optical axis.
  • Tri-area There the color measurement in the printed image according to the so-called Tri-area, it is due to the different spectral properties of the optical measuring means and the photoelectric receiver 23, 24 required in the individual color zones, in the measuring beam path to provide spectrally matching components.
  • a method for spectral matching is, in addition to that necessary for the implementation of the three-area process Main filter to provide correction filter glasses.
  • Another method uses partial filters where the Neutral glass a variety of different color filters are cemented or sputtered.
  • the areas of the individual color filter switched on or off, so that the spectral course can be influenced.
  • a simple one Arrangement are four cemented on a carrier plate Partial filter using a cross slide over a circular aperture positioned. To avoid The color filter and photoelectric can cause temperature errors Receiver 23, 24 with a thermostat at a constant Working temperature can be kept.
  • FIG. 2 is an image recording device 15, 16 with four different imaging systems 48, 49, 50, 51, facing the web 2 at the color filter 52, 53, 54, 55 are arranged.
  • 24 acting CCD sensors 56, 57, 58, 59 relative to the imaging systems 48, 49, 50, 51 are the CCD sensors 56, 57, 58, 59 with adjustment elements 60 coupled.
  • the Color filters 62, 63, 64, 65 are combined to form a block.
  • a protective glass 66 is located in front of the color filters 62, 63, 64, 65 intended.
  • the receivers 23 and 24 are fourfold CCD lines 67 provided on a common Adjustment element 68 are arranged. With this optical Arrangement are in a color measurement in the individual Spectral ranges different image elements 69 on the quadruple CCD lines 67 shown, so that the one Pixel 69 belonging to different color measurement values Points in time.
  • the distance of the picture elements 69 of the CCD lines 67 and the optical properties of the optical imaging system 61 are coordinated.
  • FIG. 4 shows an image recording device 15, 16 with a Lens array 70 shown.
  • the through the color filter 71st weighted image information is obtained with the lens array 70 coupled into an image guide 72. That at the exit of the Image guide 72 seated optical imaging system 73 brings the image information on a CCD sensor 74, which with Adjusting elements 75 is coupled.
  • On the optically imaging System 73 can also be dispensed with if the glass fibers of the image guide 72 via a fiber optic window or directly are coupled to the CCD sensor 74. This optical Arrangement must be separate for each process color used be provided.
  • FIG. 5 shows a diagram for an actual signal acquisition a cylinder 76 of a sheet-fed printing machine.
  • Receiver modules 77 are with the device 34 for Processing the image signals connected.
  • the also modular constructed light sources 78 are provided with a device 79 for Light quantity regulation, which is also within the Machine control 30 is housed, connected.
  • a synchronization device 80 and a timer is provided, which is connected to an incremental encoder 81 are connected.
  • Image recording device 15 16 is intended to process the signal within device 34 are described below:
  • the electrical generated by the CCD sensors 82 Image signals are sequentially one as shown in Figure 6 Amplifier 83, a sample-and-hold element 84 and one Analog-digital converter 85 fed.
  • the exit of the Analog-to-digital converter 85 is with a digital Processing unit 86 connected, which u. a. the function of Control circuit 33 described in Figure 1 within the Machine control 30 takes over.
  • FIG. 8 shows schematically the difference image evaluation within the Processing unit 86.
  • the digital image signals arrive at a First correction element 87 equipped with memory units.
  • This correction element 87 contains a look-up table Linearization of the characteristic curve of the converter elements CCD sensors 82. The data required for this is provided by Start-up of the system with a white balance different levels of control of the CCD sensors 82 obtained and stored in the correction element 87.
  • the corrected Image signals become an input A of an accumulation: unit 88 fed. With the help of the accumulation unit 88 different printing speeds controlled pixel-wise addition in connection with a Varying the integration time of the CCD sensors 82 compensated.
  • the subtotals are in one Line memory 89 stored with an input B of Accumulation unit 88 is connectable. That way ensures that through the brightest part of the picture CCD sensors 82 at maximum speed of the Rotary printing machine 5 is still sufficient, for example with 50%, can be controlled.
  • At the minimal Print speed is multiple measurements within one Measurement line possible, for example eight samples Full control of a line of CCD sensors 82, so that in this example a maximum compensable Speed ratio of 1: 16 results. simultaneously accumulation over n samples gives an improvement the signal-to-noise ratio at low Print speeds.
  • the accumulation is such that too the k-th at the input A of the accumulation unit 88 Sampling of image data of the nth pixel, which during the (k-1) th scan formed from the line memory 89 read out and to the input B of the accumulation unit 88 Subtotals supplied are added. Then will the new subtotal to a memory location n + 1 cached.
  • a timer 90 generates from the pulses of the incremental encoder 25 or 81, the addresses of the Line memory 89 and a list memory 91 and corrects the arising during the accumulation Address offset so that during the last accumulation the line memory 89 and an im List memory 91 contains shading memory synchronously to run. The timer 90 continues to supply the control signals and the multiplex clock for the CCD sensors 82.
  • the data from eight lines of CCD sensors 82 on the input of Correction element 87 are multiplexed.
  • the timer will be 90 further signals about the thickness of the substrate 2 supplied, which was obtained with the aid of a thickness measuring device or that are already within the machine control 30 ready. These signals are combined with the signals from the Encoder 25 linked so that the thickness of the Substrate 2 dependent speed and Measured position values for printing material 2 are corrected.
  • the processing unit 86 also contains one Multiplier 92 by means of which the input A accumulated image data from a last Accumulation of a measurement line and those at input B. reciprocal values of the standardized integration time with each other be multiplied.
  • a multiplier 93 connected downstream of the multiplier 92 causes a correction of the local intensity of the Light sources 21, 22 and 78 by the output signals the multiplier 92 with those stored in the list memory 91 Intensity correction factors are multiplied.
  • the lists for the multipliers 92, 93 are also in the List memory 91 filed, which also contains the prediction values for contains the integration time control.
  • the in List memory 91 stored list for shading correction is when starting the rotary printing press 5, as well the characteristic data of the input look-up table in Correction element 87 generated and running during a White value adjustment through selected unprinted image lines updated.
  • the Color value controller 95 is one Programmable gate array (PGA) circuitry using a AT bus 96, for example, the coordinates of the measuring fields the path 2 can be specified. The coordinates of the measuring fields for a certain color are with one of the actual ones Color control upstream process generated and on the AT bus 96 provided. Only for these measuring fields is with The color value controller 95 uses the color value of a pixel stored in a memory module 97. The information this is done via control lines 98 of the pipeline bus 94 transfer.
  • PGA Programmable gate array
  • the memory module 97 contains the data Color vectors that can be read via the AT bus 96 for color measurement are.
  • the pixels used for color measurement are in one Fine grid addressable.
  • the measurement geometry can Fine grid can be shifted as desired and configured so that better adaptation to given measurement geometries is realized.
  • the further processing is complete corrected image data from all generated on web 2 Color zones or from all across the direction of transport 10 arranged modules of the image recording device 15, 16 shown.
  • one in PGA technology executed data controller 99 the corrected Actual image data from across the entire surface of web 2 supplied to the bidirectional pipeline bus 94.
  • the transfer the actual image data on the pipeline bus 94 can be in the Measurement pauses or carried out synchronously with the path scanning become.
  • the data controller 99 is still with a Target image memory 100, a difference image memory 101, a parameter image memory 102 and an accumulated one Differential image memory 103 in connection. Loading the Data controller 99 and the selection of the operating modes takes place via the AT bus 96.
  • the memories 100 to 103 are with a address controller 104 implemented in PGA technology, to the control lines 98 of the pipeline bus 94 connected.
  • To evaluate the difference image and the accumulated difference image are the Differential image memory 101 and the accumulated Differential image memory 103 each with Look-up table components 105, 106 (LUT) in connection.
  • the LUT 105, 106 use data from the Target image memory 100 and parameter image memory 102 Transformation of the differential image data to colorimetric LAB values of the LAB color space.
  • the outputs of the LUT 105, 106 stand with a also realized in PGA technology Evaluation circuit 107 in connection.
  • To the Evaluation circuit 107 is a memory module 108 connected in which the coordinates during the image measurement of a coarse grid for faulty image areas become.
  • the data of the evaluation circuit 107 are above AT-Bus 96 readable.
  • the data controller 99 and the evaluation circuit 107 are configured so that the target image memory 100 and the accumulated difference image memory 103 are combined to form a common memory.
  • a desired number m of accumulations can be entered to generate a target image.
  • the corrected image data are multiplexed in the data controller 99, so that after 2 m accumulations, the target image is present in the target image memory 100 in a standardized manner.
  • the data controller 99 acts as an adder with an upstream multiplexer.
  • data controller 99 realizes an adder, which data for a current difference image from the Difference between the actual image data and the target image data. Furthermore, the data controller 99 realizes one Accumulator, wherein accumulated difference image data from the Sum of the data of an accumulated difference image and one current difference image are generated.
  • On the Pipelinebus 94 can optionally display the current difference image, the accumulated difference image or the target image for Forth processor are transmitted. The selection is made via a status register in the address controller 104, which via the AT bus 96 is loaded. The synchronization of the Address generation and used for memory management Address controller 104 is performed by the on the Control lines 98 provided signals. The selection of the Operating modes take place via a control register. The Address controller 104 continuously ensures the refresh of Memory 100-103.
  • the LUT 105 106 are during the image inspection depending on the parameter image data in Parameter image memory 102 and the absolute brightness that current difference image and the accumulated difference image rated. From the LUT 105, 106 the resulting data is assigned to the evaluation circuit 107 Difference image data error classes too. The error data will be for documentation and statistics in memory chip 108 stored. If the amount of the difference image is one exceeds the predetermined limit, then the Evaluation circuit 107 an error message via the AT bus 96 discontinued. To do this, an address generator within the Evaluation circuit 107 in parallel to the address controller 104 Rough grid, which shows the location of the fault facilitated. Fault location and type of fault are in the Memory chip 108 stored.
  • the parameter image memory 102 contains the control information about the processing of each individual pixel.
  • the data in the target image memory 100 can use this Tax information to reduce a required non-linear characteristic curve used for error evaluation become.
  • the following parameters are in the parameter memory 102 included: parameters for the edge markings, one Weight function for defining the weighting of image errors in the inspection process, color measurement values for a marked Pixel in a pointer-controlled list are stored, and the shading measuring points and Calibration points of the CCD sensors 82. By setting bits for the marginal markings the picture format is included the page limit.
  • the parameters for the Weight functions provide a measure of error assessment This allows errors in homogeneous areas of the Print image stronger than defects in contours in the print image be weighted.
  • a gray value-dependent control is used so that the colorimetric over the LUT 105, 106 Values x *, y *, z * and i * formed for image inspection become.
  • the parameter expressed by the weight function is used in the address controller 104 for switching from Characteristic curves used. over a table can with the help of Evaluation circuit 107 the assignment to different Error classes are made, with the errors in individual classes can be evaluated in terms of an error histogram.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Inking, Control Or Cleaning Of Printing Machines (AREA)
  • Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)

Claims (3)

  1. Procédé de commande et de régulation d'opérations de fonctionnement d'une machine du domaine des techniques de l'impression,
    d'après lequel on produit pixel par pixel, à l'aide d'un dispositif de relevé d'image (15, 16), des signaux d'image, qui reproduisent la surface d'un produit imprimé transporté à travers la machine,
    d'après lequel, pour l'obtention de valeurs réelles d'une grandeur à réguler dans l'opération de fonctionnement considérée, les signaux d'image sont transmis à un dispositif de traitement des signaux d'image (34),
    d'après lequel les signaux d'image traités sont comparés à des valeurs de consigne,
    d'après lequel, dans un dispositif de régulation (37), on déduit à partir des valeurs de comparaison obtenues, des grandeurs de réglage, qui sont transmises à des organes de réglage (6, 7, 8, 9) produisant une action de réglage pour influencer comme souhaité, la grandeur à réguler,
    d'après lequel les signaux d'image traités ou les valeurs de comparaison obtenues sont transmis à une logique de détection d'erreurs (38), un dispositif de régulation (37) pour la régulation des couleurs étant bloqué en fonction du signal de sortie de la logique de détection d'erreurs (38),
    et d'après lequel pour une mesure de la couleur, les valeurs pour le dispositif de régulation sont vérifiées ou testées quant à la plausibilité, grâce au fait que l'on calcule la dispersion des valeurs de mesure de points images, et on la surveille quant au dépassement d'une valeur de seuil.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'au moyen de la logique de détection d'erreurs (38), on détermine à partir des valeurs de comparaison obtenues, un type d'erreur et on le délivre.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le type d'erreur est délivré à un écran de visualisation.
EP98106543A 1993-06-25 1994-06-27 Procédé de commande ou de regulation des operations effectuées par une machine d'impression Revoked EP0884180B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4321179A DE4321179A1 (de) 1993-06-25 1993-06-25 Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Steuerung oder Regelung von Betriebsvorgängen einer drucktechnischen Maschine
DE4321179 1993-06-25
EP94921626A EP0705171B1 (fr) 1993-06-25 1994-06-27 Procede de commande ou de regulation une machine d'impression

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EP94921626A Division EP0705171B1 (fr) 1993-06-25 1994-06-27 Procede de commande ou de regulation une machine d'impression

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EP0884180A1 EP0884180A1 (fr) 1998-12-16
EP0884180B1 true EP0884180B1 (fr) 2003-01-22

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EP98106543A Revoked EP0884180B1 (fr) 1993-06-25 1994-06-27 Procédé de commande ou de regulation des operations effectuées par une machine d'impression
EP98106542A Expired - Lifetime EP0884179B1 (fr) 1993-06-25 1994-06-27 Procédé de regulation des operations effectuées par une machine d'impression
EP98106545A Expired - Lifetime EP0884182B1 (fr) 1993-06-25 1994-06-27 Procédé de regulation des operations effectuées par une machine d'impression
EP98106541A Expired - Lifetime EP0884178B1 (fr) 1993-06-25 1994-06-27 Procédé pour reguler l'encrage dans une machine d'impression
EP98106544A Expired - Lifetime EP0884181B1 (fr) 1993-06-25 1994-06-27 Procédé de regulation des operations effectuées par une machine d'impression
EP94921626A Expired - Lifetime EP0705171B1 (fr) 1993-06-25 1994-06-27 Procede de commande ou de regulation une machine d'impression

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EP98106542A Expired - Lifetime EP0884179B1 (fr) 1993-06-25 1994-06-27 Procédé de regulation des operations effectuées par une machine d'impression
EP98106545A Expired - Lifetime EP0884182B1 (fr) 1993-06-25 1994-06-27 Procédé de regulation des operations effectuées par une machine d'impression
EP98106541A Expired - Lifetime EP0884178B1 (fr) 1993-06-25 1994-06-27 Procédé pour reguler l'encrage dans une machine d'impression
EP98106544A Expired - Lifetime EP0884181B1 (fr) 1993-06-25 1994-06-27 Procédé de regulation des operations effectuées par une machine d'impression
EP94921626A Expired - Lifetime EP0705171B1 (fr) 1993-06-25 1994-06-27 Procede de commande ou de regulation une machine d'impression

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US (2) US6050192A (fr)
EP (6) EP0884180B1 (fr)
DE (7) DE4321179A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1995000336A2 (fr)

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EP0705171A1 (fr) 1996-04-10
DE59410074D1 (de) 2002-04-11
US6050192A (en) 2000-04-18
DE59409900D1 (de) 2001-11-08
DE59409944D1 (de) 2001-12-13
DE4321179A1 (de) 1995-01-05
EP0884181A1 (fr) 1998-12-16
WO1995000336A2 (fr) 1995-01-05
EP0884181B1 (fr) 2001-11-07
EP0884179A1 (fr) 1998-12-16
DE59410234D1 (de) 2003-02-27
DE59409943D1 (de) 2001-12-13
EP0884178B1 (fr) 2001-10-04
EP0884182A1 (fr) 1998-12-16
EP0884182B1 (fr) 2001-11-07
EP0705171B1 (fr) 2002-03-06
EP0884180A1 (fr) 1998-12-16
DE59409945D1 (de) 2001-12-13
EP0884179B1 (fr) 2001-11-07
US6119594A (en) 2000-09-19
EP0884178A1 (fr) 1998-12-16

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