EP0357987B1 - Procédé de contrôle et/ou de commande du mouillage dans une machine d'impression offset - Google Patents

Procédé de contrôle et/ou de commande du mouillage dans une machine d'impression offset Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0357987B1
EP0357987B1 EP89114781A EP89114781A EP0357987B1 EP 0357987 B1 EP0357987 B1 EP 0357987B1 EP 89114781 A EP89114781 A EP 89114781A EP 89114781 A EP89114781 A EP 89114781A EP 0357987 B1 EP0357987 B1 EP 0357987B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
measuring
region
ink per
printing
scanning signals
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89114781A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0357987A2 (fr
EP0357987A3 (fr
Inventor
Helmut Kipphan
Gerhard Löffler
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Heidelberger Druckmaschinen AG
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Heidelberger Druckmaschinen AG
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Publication of EP0357987A3 publication Critical patent/EP0357987A3/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F33/00—Indicating, counting, warning, control or safety devices
    • B41F33/0054—Devices for controlling dampening

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a method for monitoring the dampening solution guidance in an offset printing machine.
  • lack of moisture is noticeable through streaks and color points of irregular distribution at the points that are color-free with the correct amount of dampening solution.
  • Such deposits of color due to a lack of moisture are initially visible when the lack of moisture begins - seen in the direction of paper travel - behind surfaces with a high area coverage. If the lack of moisture increases further, the area of the color deposits becomes larger until the so-called toning also covers other, otherwise color-free areas.
  • DE 31 40 760 A1 has disclosed a method for correcting deviations in inking and dampening on offset printing machines.
  • a control strip is attached to the printed product transversely to the transport direction and has a solid tone field and two fields with line grids of different line widths and the same area coverage in each color zone of the control strip.
  • the color density values of the fields are measured using a densitometer. Using the functional dependency between ink density values, dampening and ink film, the ink fountain keys, the ink duct and the damp duct are controlled.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method for monitoring and / or regulating the dampening solution guide in an offset machine, in which, unaffected by other parameters, moisture deficiency is determined and corrected.
  • unprinted areas are scanned which lie on the rear edges of the color areas, as seen in the printing direction.
  • Measuring fields of a print control strip which represent an individual color or a printing unit, can preferably be used as predetermined color areas. However, it is also possible to use other suitable colored areas that are already in the printed image.
  • the specified color areas can be solid color fields or grid fields with a high area coverage, but always only color fields of a single color - ie none Overlaying several colors.
  • a further development of the method according to the invention, which allows visual monitoring, consists in that the areas scanned in each case are shown enlarged on a screen.
  • signals generated behind the edges of the predetermined colored areas are compared with comparison values and, depending on the comparison result, a lack of moisture signal is derived, which characterizes an insufficient amount of dampening solution. It is particularly advantageous that the comparison value lies between the brightness of the unprinted area and the brightness of the color area.
  • the signals can be compared with a comparison value that lies between the brightness of the color-free area and the brightness of the color area.
  • the area proportion of the signals that exceed or fall below the comparison value is then calculated based on the area scanned in each case. This is preferably done by counting picture elements.
  • a lack of moisture signal is derived when the area share in the color-free area exceeds a predetermined level.
  • the scanning can be carried out on a printed sheet.
  • scanning on the rubber blanket or on the clamped printing plate is not excluded.
  • a method according to the invention in which, in addition to monitoring, regulation of the dampening solution guidance is also provided, is characterized in that the regulation of the dampening solution guidance takes place as a function of the evaluation of the signals generated by the scanning.
  • the dampening solution guidance is increased when the lack of moisture signal occurs and is gradually reduced when no lack of moisture signal occurs.
  • the color areas are also scanned and an excess moisture signal is derived from the signals generated by the scanning of the color areas.
  • the signals resulting from the scanning of the colored areas can be fed to an image processing system.
  • the resulting excess moisture signal can be used together with the lack of moisture signal to control the dampening solution guidance.
  • the section of a printed sheet 5 shown in FIG. 1 contains a print control strip MS with several measuring fields MF.
  • Fields of colors B and C are shown as examples as grid fields with a color coverage of 70% to 90%. Because when there is a lack of moisture For example, in the black behind the solid field B, toning begins first, stronger toning occurs in the example shown, while in grid B, the toning is less strong.
  • FIG. 1 shows only a few lines Z.
  • the scanning transverse to the printing direction is preferably carried out using a device known per se, which is shown in FIG. 2 and in FIG. 3.
  • an area sensor can also be used, which, for example, scans an area F in each position, which area is assigned to a measurement area.
  • the device shown in Fig. 2 comprises a measuring table 1 and on this a measuring bridge 2 with a measuring carriage 3, four clamping blocks 4 for holding a sheet 5 to be measured, an electronic part 6 and a personal computer 7.
  • the plate of the table 1 has one uppermost cover layer on a sheet steel layer, which makes it possible to hold the printed sheet 5 by means of magnets or the like.
  • the personal computer 7 provided with an integrated screen terminal is rotatably attached to the table.
  • the measuring car 3, the electronic part 6 and the personal computer 7 are connected via lines, not shown.
  • the electronic part 6 comprises a microprocessor system and interfaces for processing the supplied and the measurement and control signals generated by it.
  • the Microprocessor system in the electronic part works with the personal computer 7 in the so-called master-slave mode, the personal computer having the control function and evaluating the measured and entered data, while the system in the electronic part for carrying out the measurements and movements of the test vehicle is responsible.
  • the measuring strip that is the sequence of the measuring field types, the colors, the area coverage, etc. and the distances between them, is known to the system by a single entry. As a result, measured values only have to be accepted at certain positions.
  • the measuring bridge 2 is shown larger. It comprises two vertical side parts 11 and 12, which carry the remaining parts of the bridge, and two covers 13 and 14, which cover the space between the two side parts and are pivotally mounted on them, so that they are in the position shown in Fig. 3 can be unfolded and give access to the inner parts of the measuring bridge.
  • the two side parts 11 and 12 are connected to one another by a guide shaft 15 and a connecting rod 16, which is only indicated in the drawing.
  • the measuring carriage 3 On the guide shaft 15, the measuring carriage, designated as a whole by 3, can be moved back and forth and pivoted about the shaft.
  • the measuring carriage 3 consists of a guide block 17 provided with two ball bushings and two measuring heads 18 and 19 fastened to it, and a guide or hold-down plate 20 which is angled upwards on both sides.
  • the measuring carriage is provided with rollers (not shown) on the underside.
  • the measuring carriage In operation, the measuring carriage is supported on the printing sheet 5 to be measured, as a result of which the distance between the measuring heads 18 and 19 and the individual fields MF of the printing sheet 5 is located Measuring strip MS is always constant.
  • the measuring head 19 is in principle of the type described in US Pat. No. 4,078,858 and simultaneously measures three color channels.
  • the measuring head 18 is used to carry out the method according to the invention and is explained in more detail with reference to FIG. 4.
  • a toothed belt 23 is provided, which is guided via two rollers or rollers 24 and 25 rotatably mounted on each of the side parts 11 and 12 and on the lower run of which the guide block 17 is fastened.
  • the roller 25 on the left in FIG. 3 is driven by a stepping motor 27 via a toothed belt reduction gear 26, which is only indicated by dashed lines.
  • the other roller 24 is freely rotatable in a clamping device 28. Stepper motor 27 and gear 26 are dimensioned so that the toothed belt 23 and thus the measuring carriage 3 is transported by 0.1 mm per complete motor step.
  • a guide profile 29 is arranged in the rear cover 13, in which the electrical flat conductor connection, not shown, of the measuring carriage 3 with the electronic part 6 runs.
  • On the side parts 11 and 12 are also indicated by blocks 30 quick-release fasteners for fixing the two covers 13 and 14 in the folded-up closed position and a fork light barrier 31 each, which with a not shown sheet metal strip or the like on the guide block 17 or measuring carriage 3 interacts in such a way that the measuring car is automatically stopped when he z. B. comes closer than a certain minimum distance due to a control error.
  • a cross-sectionally U-shaped holder 32 is fastened in the front cover 14, in which five marker lamps are arranged which are distributed uniformly over the length of the measuring bridge. These lamps exist from a light source in the form of a so-called line lamp (not visible in FIG. 3) in the upper leg of the holder and a projection optics 33 in the lower holder leg and generate five lines of marking light lying in a line on the printed sheet 5, each about 20 mm long. The light lines serve to align the printed sheet 5 such that the measuring strip MS comes to lie exactly below the path of movement of the two measuring heads 18 and 19.
  • the scanning is carried out with a charge-coupled line sensor (CCD line) 41.
  • CCD line charge-coupled line sensor
  • area sensors i. H. Video cameras with recording tubes or semiconductor recording elements can be used.
  • Line sensors are available in various designs and include, for example, 1024 light-sensitive elements, the charges of which depend on the exposure in question are transferred to an output register by applying a pulse H (FIG. 5a) and then read out serially from the output register by clock pulses T.
  • the pulses T and H are derived in a clock generator 42.
  • a video signal V representing the brightness distribution on the line sensor is then available at output 43.
  • one line of the surface of the printed sheet 5 to be scanned is imaged on the line sensor.
  • a part of the measuring surface and a part of the printing sheet 5 which is in itself unprinted and is located behind the measuring surface MF is recorded.
  • One is used for lighting Illumination device 40.
  • FIG. 5b An example of a video signal present at 43 is shown in Fig. 5b).
  • the solid course corresponds to a line in which no toning can be seen.
  • Beginning toning such as in the raster measurement field B (FIG. 1), leads to drops in the video signal, as shown in broken lines in FIG. 5b).
  • the video signal represents the measuring area, between t1 and t2 the subsequent unprinted area.
  • the video signal can be evaluated in various ways.
  • a simple visual evaluation can be carried out by enlarged display of the video signal on a monitor 62.
  • various methods are available for a technical evaluation of video signals.
  • a particularly simple method consists, for example, of supplying the time section of the video signal of interest to a threshold circuit via a gate circuit and of emitting a suitable signal when the threshold value is undershot.
  • the evaluation can also be carried out using complex methods. Analog and digital circuits and computer systems can be used. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 4, the processing steps leading to a multi-digit digital signal dependent on the degree of toning are carried out with digital circuits.
  • a microprocessor system 56 is provided for further processing and for superordinate control of the measuring sequence.
  • each line comprises a time period t0 to t1 during which the measuring field is scanned and another time period t1 to t2, which corresponds to the scanning of the unprinted area behind the measuring field
  • the signal components in FIGS. 5c) and 5d ) shown pulses I1 and I2 generated.
  • the clock generator 42 supplies the clock to a counter 45, which is reset by the pulse H at the beginning of each line.
  • the pulses I1 and I2 are derived from the counter reading in a logic circuit 46 by appropriately linking the individual digits of the counter.
  • the video signal V passes via an amplifier 47 to the input of an analog / digital converter 48.
  • the video signal is present in the form of, for example, an 8-bit wide digital signal DV and can therefore be following can be further processed by digital circuits.
  • the video signal DVMF obtained by partially scanning the measuring field MF is passed through an AND circuit 49, while the AND circuit 50 passes on that part DVT of the video signal which represents the unprinted printed sheet.
  • the digital video signals DVMF and DVT are each time-averaged over the first lines formed during the scanning of a measuring field MF (signals S1 and S2).
  • the mean value for example the arithmetic mean value, is then again formed from the two mean values in a circuit 53.
  • a threshold value S3 has thus been derived, which is shown in FIG. 5b) as a dash-dotted line. This threshold value thus adapts to the brightness of the measuring field MF and the brightness of the unprinted printed sheet 5.
  • the derivation of the signal S1 which corresponds to the average brightness of the unprinted sheet, can take place in an adjacent unprinted area of the sheet, where there is certainly no toning, and can be stored until the area which is unprinted but possibly affected by toning is scanned.
  • the threshold value S3 and the digital video signal DVT are fed to a comparator whose output signal depends on whether the video signal falls below the threshold value S3 within the second time period t1 to t2.
  • This signal (FIG. 5a)) could in itself already be used as a lack of moisture signal, but a false alarm would be triggered by the smallest errors in the printing material. It is therefore provided in the circuit according to FIG. 4 that the output signal of the comparator 54 enables or blocks a counter 55.
  • the clock pulses T are fed to the clock input CLK of the counter. After each scanning of a measuring field MF and the unprinted area behind it, the content of the counter 55 is transferred to a register 57 and the counter 55 is reset shortly thereafter. For this purpose, a takeover pulse is fed from the microprocessor system 56 to the register 57 and, via a delay circuit 58, to the reset input of the counter 55.
  • a measure of the area affected by the toning is obtained.
  • This measure can be evaluated in microprocessor system 56 in accordance with practical requirements. For example, if there is a very small amount of area, it can be decided that there is no toning yet, and the area area beyond that can be used as a measure of the degree of toning. According to this information, further units, such as a digital display device or actuators for the amount of dampening solution, can be controlled via outputs 59, 60 of the microprocessor system 56.
  • the digital video signals are written into a memory 61 while scanning a measuring field MF and the unprinted area behind it. If toning occurs in this measuring field, the microprocessor system 56 activates a read-out part 62 of the memory by means of a signal S4, which reads out the stored signals from the memory 61 and feeds them to a monitor 63. The reading is repeated in order to achieve a continuous display.
  • the monitor 63 therefore only represents the measuring surface and the associated part of the unprinted surface when there is toning.
  • the threshold for the display on the monitor can be set relatively low, so that the printer can judge whether action is to be taken as soon as the toning begins. During the rest of the time, the display 63 does not distract the printer.
  • a corresponding program can be provided in the microprocessor system 56 for the automatic control of the dampening solution guidance, which program supplies more dampening solution when toning occurs.
  • the dampening solution guidance can be increased once depending on how strongly the toning occurs (output of counter 55).
  • a gradual, gradual lowering can also take place after the upward movement until toning occurs again.
  • This "trial-and-error" exceeding the tonal limit practically does not affect the print quality, since the method according to the invention recognizes even the slightest toning - in particular if the scanning takes place at a point which is particularly critical for toning (black solid tone area).
  • the signal S2 which represents the average brightness of the represents scanned part of a measuring field, fed to the microprocessor system.
  • An image processing system can also be used to detect excess moisture.
  • an image processing system can determine deviations, display them and / or derive control signals according to stored algorithms. Since significant under-coloring can also cause poor coverage, a comparison of the color measurement values of different or all zones is used to determine whether there is under-coloring or excess moisture. Excess moisture initially arises in color zones with little color guidance, since the moisture supply is not regulated zonally.
  • the color zone opening is a measure of the zonal area coverage and thus of the height of the color guide. This value is used for the logical link. If, for example, the full tones of zones with a smaller color zone opening are poorly covered and colored less than the full tones of zones with a larger opening, there is excess moisture here.
  • the microprocessor system 56 which also controls the movement of the measuring head 19 in a manner not shown, emits a pulse I3 to circuits 51, 52 and to memory 61.
  • FIG. 6 schematically shows a measuring head with a line sensor 41 onto which the original 5 to be scanned is imaged with the aid of an objective 44.
  • An illumination device 40 is also provided.
  • the line sensor 41 is provided with a cylindrical lens 65. This means that later electrical integration across the line direction can be omitted.
  • the scanning of an edge of a solid tone area MF over a measuring range G takes place with the aid of a sensor 71.
  • the signal generated by the sensor 71 is fed via an analog / digital converter 72 to an input of the microprocessor 73, which is connected to a display device 74 and also via an output 75 can be connected to actuators for dampening solution guidance of a printing press.
  • the microprocessor 73 appropriately evaluates the digital video signals. Steps similar to those in the circuit arrangement according to FIG. 4 can be provided.

Claims (17)

  1. Procédé de contrôle et/ou de réglage de l'acheminement d'agent mouillant dans une machine à imprimer offset, caractérisé en ce qu'une zone de mesure (G) est explorée par pixels au moyen d'un détecteur opto-électrique (18 ; 19), la zone de mesure (G) comprenant au moins un secteur de mesure (MF) ayant une forte couverture de surface et - par rapport au sens de l'impression - une zone qui lui fait directement suite et qui en soi est exempte d'encre,
       en ce que les signaux d'exploration, du secteur de mesure (MF) et - séparément - les signaux d'exploration de la zone en soi exempte d'encre sont comparés au moyen d'un micro-processeur (56 ; 73) à des grandeurs correspondantes de comparaison qui caractérisent l'état de l'impression optimale,
       en ce qu'en cas de différence entre les signaux d'exploration de la zone en soi exempte d'encre et la grandeur correspondante de comparaison, l'apport d'agent mouillant dans le groupe correspondant d'impression subit une augmentation et en ce qu'en cas d'une différence entre les signaux d'exploration du secteur de mesure (MF) et la grandeur correspondante de comparaison, l'apport d'agent mouillant dans le groupe correspondant d'impression subit une diminution.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les signaux d'exploration du secteur de mesure (MF) et de la zone en soi exempte d'encre sont comparés avec une autre grandeur de comparaison qui est comprise entre la luminosité de la zone en soi exempte d'encre et celle du secteur de mesure (MF) et en ce que la portion de surface encrée dans la zone en soi exempte d'encre ou dans le secteur de mesure (MF) est calculée à l'aide des signaux d'exploration qui dépassent vers le haut ou vers le bas l'autre grandeur de comparaison.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'un signal de manque d'humidité est déduit lorsque la portion de surface encrée de la zone en soi exempte d'encre dépasse une mesure prescrite.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la portion de surface encrée est déterminée par comptage des signaux d'exploration du secteur de mesure (MF) et de la zone en soi exempte d'encre dans lesquels les signaux d'exploration dépassent vers le haut ou vers le bas l'autre grandeur de comparaison.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'une moyenne des signaux d'exploration de la zone en soi exempte d'encre est formée et en ce que cette moyenne est comparée avec une grandeur correspondante de comparaison.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'un secteur de mesure (MF) d'une bande de contrôle de l'impression (MS) est utilisé en secteur de mesure (MF) ayant une forte couverture de surface.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'une surface monocolore à forte couverture de surface et se trouvant dans le sujet d'impression est utilisée en secteur de mesure (MF) ayant une forte couverture de surface.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la zone de mesure (G) est explorée sur une feuille imprimée (5).
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la zone de mesure (G) est explorée sur une feuille imprimée (5) se trouvant sur un cylindre d'impression.
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la zone de mesure (G) est explorée, dans les machines à imprimer à plusieurs groupes d'impression, dans le dernier groupe d'impression et, dans les machines à imprimer des feuilles recto et verso, accessoirement dans le dernier groupe d'impression avant le retournement.
  11. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la zone de mesure (G) est explorée dans la machine à imprimer sur un blanchet ou sur un cliché fixé en place.
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la zone en soi exempte d'encre est représentée à échelle agrandie sur un dispositif d'affichage (63 ; 74).
  13. Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la zone de mesure (G) est représentée lorsqu'un manque d'humidité est signalé à l'aide des signaux d'exploration de la zone en soi d'exempte d'encre.
  14. Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'apport d'agent mouillant subit une augmentation lorsqu'un manque d'humidité est signalé à l'aide des signaux d'exploration de la zone en soi exempte d'encre et en ce que l'apport d'agent mouillant subit une diminution pas à pas lorsqu'aucun manque d'humidité n'est signalé.
  15. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le détecteur opto-électrique (18 ; 19) est positionné sur la zone particulière de mesure (G).
  16. Procédé selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que le détecteur opto-électrique (18 ; 19) est déplacé en continu perpendiculairement à la direction d'impression et en ce que les signaux de sortie du détecteur (18 ; 19) sont envoyés au micro-processeur (56 ; 73) lorsque le détecteur (18 ; 19) est orienté sur la zone particulière de mesure (G).
  17. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la position du bord situé entre le secteur de mesure (MF) et la zone en soi exempte d'encre est déterminée au moyen du micro-processeur (56 ; 73).
EP89114781A 1988-09-09 1989-08-10 Procédé de contrôle et/ou de commande du mouillage dans une machine d'impression offset Expired - Lifetime EP0357987B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3830732 1988-09-09
DE3830732A DE3830732C2 (de) 1988-09-09 1988-09-09 Verfahren zur Feuchtmittelführung bei einer Offset-Druckmaschine

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0357987A2 EP0357987A2 (fr) 1990-03-14
EP0357987A3 EP0357987A3 (fr) 1991-02-27
EP0357987B1 true EP0357987B1 (fr) 1995-04-05

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EP89114781A Expired - Lifetime EP0357987B1 (fr) 1988-09-09 1989-08-10 Procédé de contrôle et/ou de commande du mouillage dans une machine d'impression offset

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Country Link
US (1) US5050994A (fr)
EP (1) EP0357987B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH02108542A (fr)
CN (1) CN1013428B (fr)
AU (1) AU617864B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA1319294C (fr)
DE (2) DE3830732C2 (fr)

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JPH02108542A (ja) 1990-04-20
AU617864B2 (en) 1991-12-05
DE3830732C2 (de) 2000-05-25
DE3830732A1 (de) 1990-03-15
CN1013428B (zh) 1991-08-07
CN1040952A (zh) 1990-04-04
US5050994A (en) 1991-09-24
CA1319294C (fr) 1993-06-22
EP0357987A2 (fr) 1990-03-14
AU4126689A (en) 1990-03-15
DE58909156D1 (de) 1995-05-11
EP0357987A3 (fr) 1991-02-27

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