EP0015426B1 - Bodenbelagelement mit durch Scheinfugen voneinander abgesetzten, erhöhten Bereichen an der Nutzseite, Bodenbelagelementgruppe aus derartigen Bodenbelagelementen und Verfahren zur Herstellung derartiger Bodenbelagelemente - Google Patents

Bodenbelagelement mit durch Scheinfugen voneinander abgesetzten, erhöhten Bereichen an der Nutzseite, Bodenbelagelementgruppe aus derartigen Bodenbelagelementen und Verfahren zur Herstellung derartiger Bodenbelagelemente Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0015426B1
EP0015426B1 EP80100767A EP80100767A EP0015426B1 EP 0015426 B1 EP0015426 B1 EP 0015426B1 EP 80100767 A EP80100767 A EP 80100767A EP 80100767 A EP80100767 A EP 80100767A EP 0015426 B1 EP0015426 B1 EP 0015426B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ground covering
covering element
elements
floor covering
dummy
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80100767A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0015426A1 (de
Inventor
Fritz Dipl.-Ing. Noack
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DR BARTH GmbH
F von Langsdorff Bauverfahren GmbH
Original Assignee
DR BARTH GmbH
F von Langsdorff Bauverfahren GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=6063006&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0015426(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by DR BARTH GmbH, F von Langsdorff Bauverfahren GmbH filed Critical DR BARTH GmbH
Priority to AT80100767T priority Critical patent/ATE3889T1/de
Publication of EP0015426A1 publication Critical patent/EP0015426A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0015426B1 publication Critical patent/EP0015426B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C5/00—Pavings made of prefabricated single units
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C2201/00—Paving elements
    • E01C2201/16—Elements joined together

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a floor covering element with raised areas on the utility side which are separated from one another by dummy joints, which are provided in several shapes which are different in plan view and which, at least for the most part, each have essentially the shape of an irregular polygon in plan view .
  • the outline has essentially the shape of a regular hexagon.
  • the floor covering elements are not anchored to one another.
  • floor covering elements of the covering can be displaced relatively easily, for example by loading wheels of vehicles above a certain weight, changes in the surface or frost, as a result of which the covering becomes unsightly and puddles can remain in the rain.
  • the object of the invention is to create a floor covering element that can withstand greater stresses in the installed covering and still offers the visual impression of densely arranged, raised areas.
  • the floor covering element is characterized according to the invention in that it has an outline which is derived from a base line with right-angled corners with projections and recesses relative to the base line, the edges of the raised areas facing the outline of the raised areas being and recesses provided outline of the flooring element are at least partially and substantially aligned or run according to the outline contour.
  • the floor covering elements according to the invention anchor each other in the installed covering due to the projections and recesses relative to the imaginary base line, without the result that larger surface areas which are not occupied by raised areas are created.
  • the depressions between the raised areas can be kept small.
  • flaking be it on the outline of the flooring elements, or on the edges of the raised areas, as in the course of the manufacture, loading, in particular unloading. Tilting a tipping truck, and experience has shown that when handling floor covering elements, it no longer has a functional or visual impact because it fits into the irregular polygon shape of the raised areas.
  • the floor covering elements according to the invention are used in particular for covering streets, courtyards, squares, sidewalks, driveways, embankments, water courses and the like. They consist in particular of concrete.
  • interpolygon is intended primarily to refer to those polygons which do not have the same inside corner angles at all corners. An increased degree of irregularity results if the polygons have no axis symmetry and / or no radial symmetry.
  • Another alternative to realizing the raised areas in the form of irregular polygons is to design their edges to be irregular, for example wavy, jagged or otherwise uneven; in this case the polygons are irregular polygons even if all inside corner angles at the polygon corners are the same.
  • all of the raised areas in plan view have essentially the shape of an irregular polygon.
  • the term “different shape of the raised areas” means that the raised areas are different, for example also different sizes with otherwise the same shape.
  • the edges of the raised areas facing the outline of the floor covering element can run parallel to the outline contour there.
  • the imaginary baseline can be a rectangle, preferably twice as long as it is wide.
  • the projections and recesses can, for example, be straight, rounded or straight and rounded, regular or irregular or preferably straight and regular.
  • the projections and recesses are preferably provided such that the floor covering element is given an outline in the manner of a composite stone outline. The most complete composite effect of adjacent flooring elements is achieved if the composite stone outline is designed such that at least part of the outline on the side of the floor covering element, a floor covering element can clamp two adjacent floor covering elements together.
  • At least some of the raised areas preferably have an uneven surface structure. This means unevenness that goes beyond the unevenness inherent in the flooring element material, for example the usual concrete roughness. Examples include the deliberately rougher design of the surface, a pitted design of the surface and the reproduction of a naturally rough surface.
  • the surface structure can also be produced by surface processing, for example grinding, in such a way that depressions remain below the grinding plane in the raised areas, sandblasting, washing out.
  • the edges that are more at risk of breakage or chipping are no longer in the particularly vulnerable area directly on the outline of the flooring element. It is particularly favorable to choose this distance about half as wide as the other dummy joint width, in the case of dummy joints changing width or in the case of different widths of the dummy joints of the flooring element about half as wide as the average dummy joint width. In this way, when flooring elements are placed side by side, there is a distance between the edges of the raised areas of adjacent flooring elements facing the respective flooring element outline, which, for example, taking into account the sand between flooring elements laid next to one another, corresponds to the dummy joint width or the average dummy joint width inside the flooring elements.
  • dummy joints with a depth that changes in their longitudinal direction, for example also to achieve the advantages mentioned in the last paragraph. It can even be provided that the dummy joints pass through in some places up to the side of the floor covering element opposite the utility side. The resulting breakthroughs are favorable, for example, for water drainage.
  • the floor covering element is generally weakened from the useful side to the opposite side compared to the raised areas because of the smaller material thickness. This weakening can specifically be driven so far that the material connections connecting the raised areas below the dummy joints represent predetermined breaking points.
  • the dummy joints can be formed comparatively deep, the base of the dummy joints corrugated, serrated or the like, for example according to DE-OS 22 59 493 or DE-PS 22 59 493, the opposite side to the useful side Provide continuous dummy joint sections of the appropriate size and / or frequency, or choose the dummy joints appropriately wide.
  • the predetermined breaking points are to be designed such that they represent those places at which the floor covering element first breaks after being laid when there is a correspondingly high load due to traffic loads, thermal loads or vibratory loads. This avoids wild cracks through the raised areas and creates a floor covering that responds flexibly to changes in the surface.
  • the invention further relates to a floor covering element group of floor covering elements of the type explained above.
  • all floor covering elements of the floor covering element group have the same outline contour.
  • Under floor covering element group in particular, (a) an arbitrary section from a larger arrangement of floor covering elements, alternatively (b) a floor covering element group defined by the entire area occupied in connection, alternatively (c) a floor covering element group combined by material connections to a laying unit or alternatively (d) one floor covering element group defined by the number of floor covering elements, for example less than fifty floor covering elements, less than twenty floor covering elements or less than ten floor covering elements.
  • the flooring elements typically have dimensions of up to 50 cm in length and up to 25 cm in width.
  • the invention relates to a method for producing the floor covering elements described above.
  • Flooring elements made of concrete are usually machined into a number of juxtaposed and machined in corresponding production forms.
  • This is a simple manufacturing technique for producing the loosened and irregular effect of the covering in the installed state that is made possible according to the invention.
  • the floor covering element according to the invention has raised areas with different shapes in plan view, then in extreme cases these can only be two different shapes. However, it is preferable to provide several different forms of the raised areas; A design in which all raised areas of a floor covering element have a shape different from one another is very particularly preferred.
  • claims 2 to 16 contain terms such as “at least in part”, “at least in part” or the like. In these cases it is preferred that at least the predominant part is designed in the specified sense. Most preferably, all of the specified areas, dummy joints, edges, material connections and the like are then formed in the specified sense.
  • the dummy joints are preferably provided in such a way that they at least partially, preferably all, do not pass straight from one contour edge of the floor covering element to the opposite contour edge of the floor covering element.
  • this results in an optically appealing, loosened-up image, but on the other hand it is also favorable in terms of load, since the cross-sectional weakenings then do not run in a straight line.
  • the floor covering element according to the invention can easily be designed on the basis of the concept according to the invention in such a way that, when laid, it gives the appearance of surface covering with natural stones.
  • the floor covering element groups according to the invention can have one or more features which are known from DE-OSes 22 51 621, 22 59 493, 23 37 816, 24 52 475, 27 32 452, in particular the claims of these DE-OSes.
  • the floor covering element 2 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has an outline 4 in the manner of a composite stone outline.
  • This outline 4 has in relation to a rectangular base line, not shown, which connects the four right-angled outer corners 6 of the flooring element 2 and is twice as long as it is wide, has two recesses 8 and two protrusions 10 on the longitudinal sides and a recess 8 and one on the transverse sides Tab 10 on.
  • the outline 4 of the flooring element 2 shown is known per se and described in more detail in DE-PS 14 59 739, to which reference is made.
  • the floor covering element 2 has on its useful side visible in the plan view of FIG. 1 12 nine raised areas 14. These raised areas 14 are all provided with the exception of a single, substantially square raised area 14 'in the form of irregular polygons.
  • the raised areas 14 are separated from one another by dummy joints 18.
  • the dummy joints 18 extend about a third of the total thickness of the floor covering element measured from the usable surface of the raised areas 14 to the opposite side 20. Most of the dummy joints 18 have a width that changes in the longitudinal direction of the dummy joints.
  • the dummy joint sides run slightly obliquely inwards to facilitate demoulding (Fig. 2).
  • edges 22 of the raised areas 14 facing the outline 4 of the covering element 2 do not coincide with the corresponding outline section, but are set back inwards by a distance 24 with respect to the outline 4.
  • the resulting step becomes analogous to the dummy joints 18 inside the floor covering element 2 also referred to as a dummy joint or edge dummy joint 18 '.
  • the edges 22 are aligned with the outline contour 4 of the flooring element in the sense that they roughly follow the outline 4. In the case of the polygon 14 ', this even goes as far as the parallel course of the edge 22 with the corresponding section of the outline 4, while at all other points there are changing edge dummy joint widths in the longitudinal direction of the edge dummy joints 18'.
  • the extent of the alignment of the edges 22 to the outline 4 goes so far in the example shown that when creating a further floor covering element 2, in turn, dummy joints like the dummy joints 18 arise, which, however, between the two outlines 4 of the adjacent floor covering elements 2 in the sense of real space joints Go through bottom 20.
  • the distances 24 correspond roughly to half the width of the dummy joints 18 in the interior of the flooring element 2 if a suitable averaging of the width is carried out.
  • the left dummy joint 18 in FIG. 2 is about 50% deeper than the right dummy joint 18 in FIG. 2.
  • the edge dummy joints 18 ' are equally deep all around.
  • the individual dummy joints 18 partly have a changing depth in the sense that in some places they pass through to the underside 20 of the flooring element 2 opposite the useful side 28.
  • the resulting breakthroughs are designated 30.
  • these openings 30 can be provided, for example, at the points where three raised areas 14 come together. Analogously, the openings 30 could also or additionally be provided at points where four or even more raised areas 14 come together. Another possibility is shown at the bottom in FIG. 1. Breakthroughs 30 are provided there in the area of the dummy joints 18, which is middle in terms of length, between two adjacent raised areas 14.
  • the surface structures of individual raised areas 14 can differ, for example, not only by the size of the grain, the depth of the grain or the like, but also, for example, by the different direction of the grain in the plan view.
  • the outline 4 of the floor covering element 2 shown in FIG. 3 can be thought to have arisen from a rectangular basic shape. On each long side of this basic shape rectangle there is a recess 8 with a straight base and a rounded transition into the rest of the outline 4, so that the outline 4 takes on an overall dog-bone-like shape.
  • Each recess 8 is so long that two additional floor covering elements 2 can be placed on one longitudinal side of the floor covering element 2, each offset by half a floor covering element length, the wider head and foot regions of the floor covering elements 2 projecting into the recess $.
  • the floor covering element 2 shown in FIG. 3 has seven raised areas 14, including an elevated area 14 'of approximately square shape. These raised areas 14 and 14 'are separated from one another by dummy joints 18. Because of the exact shape of the raised areas 14 and 14 'and the course of the dummy joints 18, reference is expressly made to FIG. 3.
  • edges 22 of the raised areas 14 facing the outline 4 coincide with the outline 4 at several points, so that there are no edge dummy joints 18 'at these points.
  • the outline 4 of the floor covering element 2 shown in FIG. 4 can be thought of as having arisen in such a way that with a rectangular outline 4 the upper longitudinal end region in FIG. 4 to the left and the lower longitudinal end region in FIG. 4 to the right by in each case are rotated at the same angle. Overall, this results in an approximately Z-shaped shape of the floor covering element 2.
  • the outline 4 of the floor covering element 2 shown in FIG. 4 is described in more detail in DE-PS 960 359, to which reference is made here.
  • the floor covering element 2 shown in FIG. 4 has six raised areas 14 which are separated from one another by dummy joints 18. Because of the shape of the raised areas 14 and the course of the dummy joints 18, reference is expressly made to FIG. 4.
  • the floor covering elements 2 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 have no openings 30 like the floor covering element shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 5 shows a floor covering element group 40 comprising three floor covering elements 2 of the same format.
  • the three flooring elements 2 likewise have projections and recesses 10 and 8 with respect to a rectangular base line, not shown, which connects the outer corners 6 of the respective flooring element 2 to one another.
  • the baseline rectangle is twice as long as it is wide.
  • the projections and recesses 10 and 8 are delimited by a sine line each starting from an outer corner 6, two rounded recesses 8 and two rounded projections 10 on the longitudinal side in each case and a rounded recess 8 and a rounded projection on the transverse side in each case 10 is coming.
  • the individual covering elements 2 are designed similarly to the covering element 2 shown in FIG. 1, so that the details need not be described again.
  • the raised areas-14 and the dummy joints 18 have different dimensions. With regard to these dimensions, reference is expressly made to FIG. 5.
  • no openings 30 are provided, but possible.
  • Two of the floor covering elements 2 forming the group 40 are identical and are arranged in the floor covering element group on the transverse side on the transverse side.
  • the third floor covering element 2 of the floor covering element group 40 is arranged offset by half a length in relation to the other two floor covering elements 2.
  • a long side of this floor covering element 2 is opposite a half long side of an adjoining floor covering element 2 and a long side half of the further adjoining floor covering element 2.
  • the three flooring elements 2 of the flooring element group 40 are related in that each flooring element 2 is connected to the two adjacent flooring elements 2 by two material connections 42 each. These material connections 42 are each located approximately in the middle of the outline regions, along which the floor covering elements 2 arranged next to one another are adjacent to one another. In this example, the material connections 42 each take up about a third of the length of these adjacent lengths.
  • the material connections 42 as well as the flooring elements 2 themselves are made of concrete. They are as high as the subsequent edge dummy joints 18 ', but can also be lower.
  • the edge 22 facing the outline 4 is rounded in rough approximation to the outline. However, this is not the case for all corresponding edges 22.
  • FIG. 5 shows a floor covering element group 40 comprising three floor covering elements 2. It goes without saying that the group can also comprise a larger number of floor covering elements 2 and that a different type of mutual association of the floor covering elements 2 can be selected. A particularly preferred mutual assignment is that of a herringbone network.
  • the material connections 42 only take up a portion of the length available per se for connecting the individual floor covering elements 2, they represent predetermined breaking points at which the floor covering element group 40 breaks into the individual floor covering elements 2 when a certain limit load is exceeded.
  • the floor covering element groups according to the invention can also have dissimilar and / or irregularly outlined floor covering elements.
  • the openings between the individual flooring elements can run irregularly.

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  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
  • Cable Accessories (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Adornments (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
  • Editing Of Facsimile Originals (AREA)
  • Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
  • Semiconductor Integrated Circuits (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
  • Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)
EP80100767A 1979-02-15 1980-02-14 Bodenbelagelement mit durch Scheinfugen voneinander abgesetzten, erhöhten Bereichen an der Nutzseite, Bodenbelagelementgruppe aus derartigen Bodenbelagelementen und Verfahren zur Herstellung derartiger Bodenbelagelemente Expired EP0015426B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80100767T ATE3889T1 (de) 1979-02-15 1980-02-14 Bodenbelagelement mit durch scheinfugen voneinander abgesetzten, erhoehten bereichen an der nutzseite, bodenbelagelementgruppe aus derartigen bodenbelagelementen und verfahren zur herstellung derartiger bodenbelagelemente.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19792905796 DE2905796A1 (de) 1979-02-15 1979-02-15 Bodenbelagelement mit durch scheinfugen voneinander abgesetzten, erhoehten bereichen an der nutzseite, bodenbelagelementgruppe aus derartigen bodenbelagelementen und verfahren zur herstellung derartiger bodenbelagelemente
DE2905796 1979-02-15

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0015426A1 EP0015426A1 (de) 1980-09-17
EP0015426B1 true EP0015426B1 (de) 1983-06-22

Family

ID=6063006

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80100767A Expired EP0015426B1 (de) 1979-02-15 1980-02-14 Bodenbelagelement mit durch Scheinfugen voneinander abgesetzten, erhöhten Bereichen an der Nutzseite, Bodenbelagelementgruppe aus derartigen Bodenbelagelementen und Verfahren zur Herstellung derartiger Bodenbelagelemente

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US4354773A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP0015426B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS55148801A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) ATE3889T1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AU (1) AU535252B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BR (1) BR8000932A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA1150553A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (2) DE2905796A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DK (1) DK155371C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES260645Y (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NO (1) NO156332C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ZA (1) ZA80841B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE3889T1 (de) 1983-07-15
DK155371B (da) 1989-04-03
CA1150553A (en) 1983-07-26
ES260645U (es) 1982-04-01
ES260645Y (es) 1982-10-16
BR8000932A (pt) 1980-10-29
ZA80841B (en) 1981-02-25
NO800401L (no) 1980-08-18
NO156332B (no) 1987-05-25
JPS6337203B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1988-07-25
DK155371C (da) 1989-09-11
JPS55148801A (en) 1980-11-19
DK64880A (da) 1980-08-16
AU5559180A (en) 1980-08-21
DE3063807D1 (en) 1983-07-28
EP0015426A1 (de) 1980-09-17
AU535252B2 (en) 1984-03-08
NO156332C (no) 1987-09-02
DE2905796A1 (de) 1980-08-28
US4354773A (en) 1982-10-19

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