CN107810536A - 具有分布式数据库的医疗装置系统和方法 - Google Patents

具有分布式数据库的医疗装置系统和方法 Download PDF

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CN107810536A
CN107810536A CN201680037313.1A CN201680037313A CN107810536A CN 107810536 A CN107810536 A CN 107810536A CN 201680037313 A CN201680037313 A CN 201680037313A CN 107810536 A CN107810536 A CN 107810536A
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P·洛夫格伦
斯特乌勒·霍博若
罗杰·尼尔森
R·佩尔松
P·里德尔
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Gambro Lundia AB
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Abstract

一种医疗装置系统(10),包括:分布式数据库(10a至10f);多台医疗装置(12),与分布式数据库(10a至10f)一起运行;以及逻辑执行器(20),其与每台医疗装置(12)相关联,其中,每个逻辑执行器(20)编程为王芬分布式数据库系统(10a至10f),使得系统(10)的每台医疗装置(12)(i)周期性地向每台其他医疗装置(12)传输处方输入参数或治疗输出数据中的至少一种,以及(ii)周期性的从每台其他医疗装置(12)取回处方输入参数或治疗输出数据中的至少一种。

Description

具有分布式数据库的医疗装置系统和方法
技术领域
本公开大致涉及计算机网络。更具体地,本公开涉及用于泵送流体的医疗装置的计算机网络。
背景技术
血液透析(“HD”)通常使用扩散来去除患者血液中的废物。在血液和称作透析液的电解质溶液之间的半渗透透析器上出现的扩散梯度引起扩散。血液滤过(“HF”)是一种可选的肾脏替代疗法,其依赖于患者血液中毒素的对流输送(convective transport)。该治疗通过在治疗期间向体外回路添加置换或替换流体(通常为10至90升这种流体)来实现。在HF治疗过程中,置换流体和病人在各次治疗之间积聚的流体被超滤,从而提供对流输送机制,这特别有利于去除中分子和大分子(在血液透析中,存在少量废物连同在各次透析期间之间获取的流体一起被去除,然而,来自去除该超滤液的溶质牵引(solute drag)通常不足以提供对流清除(onvective clearance))。
血液透析滤过(“HDF”)是结合对流和扩散清除的治疗形式。HDF通过透析器来流动透析液(类似于标准的血液透析),以提供扩散清除。另外,直接向体外回路提供置换溶液,以提供对流清除。
上述形式由透析机提供。可以在中心或患者家中设置这些仪器。在中心设置的透析机每天多次用于多名患者。处方输入数据在治疗之前输入到透析机中,而治疗输出数据在治疗期间和之后从透析机中采集。该数据对于诊所来说用于追踪随时间而进行的患者的治疗进度,以便如果需要的话可以调整治疗。该数据还用于查看特定仪器的运行情况。例如,如果数据表明,特定仪器出于同样的原因而对不同患者的多次治疗进行警报,则诊所可以确定问题在于该仪器,而不是患者。这些数据也可用作计费和偿付的基础。该数据可以追踪治疗中消耗了多少种不同的药物或药水(例如肝素或盐水)以及一次性用品,以便诊所可以针对所消耗的适当数量的材料而开具账单并进行偿付。
众所周知,安装中央服务器可以从多个透析机中采集多个治疗过程中的治疗数据。中央服务器存在的弊端很多。首先,中央服务器造成重大的硬件和安装成本。其次,中央服务器需要很多计算机经验来进行安装和维护。许多诊所根本不具备集中式数据系统的信息技术(“IT”)支持。在许多情况下,这些弊端导致诊所不使用自动数据采集系统,而是以手动采集数据来代替,这是耗时且容易出错的。例如,许多后端软件系统处理与透析相关的信息时,都与透析机断开,并且在空间和时间上远离护理点而手动进行。这样做耗时且易于出现故障。如果这种数据采集和其他类型的数据采集可以更靠近仪器和治疗来执行的话,则会更加有利。
因此需要一种医疗装置以改进数据网络系统。
发明内容
本发明提供用于医疗装置的分布式数据库系统和方法(例如执行血液透析(“HD”)、血液滤过(“HF”)、血液透析滤过(“HDF”)、腹膜透析(“PD”)、单纯UF(“UF”)、连续肾脏替代疗法(“CRRT”)、动静脉连续缓慢滤过(“SCUF”)、连续静脉-静脉血液透析(“CCVHD”)、连续静脉-静脉血液滤过(“CVVH”)、和连续静脉-静脉血液透析滤过(“CVVHDF”)的肾衰竭治疗系统和方法)。因此,本文使用的“肾衰竭治疗”意在包括HD、HF、HDF、PD、UF和CRRT(包括CRRT的SCUF、CVVHD、CVVH和CVVHDF版本)中的任何一种、多种或全部。本公开主要集中在肾衰竭治疗系统,但不限于它们。本文所述的网络系统和方法适用于其他医疗装置,诸如药物输送泵(例如,包括静脉(“IV”)泵、注射泵、大容量泵(“LVP”)、穿梭泵、蠕动IV泵以及其任意组合)和血浆分离(apheresis)仪器。
在一个主要的实施例中,本公开的分布式数据库系统包括在位于诊所或其他组背景或群集中的多个肾衰竭治疗仪器之间形成的局域网(“LAN”),其中分布式数据库系统不需要与诊所的中央服务器、数据库、骨干网络或广域网(“WAN”)进行对接。事实上,分布式数据库系统的网络可以是诊所的骨干网络。分布式数据库系统是独立的,并且可以在每个透析仪器内提供要托管在系统上的所有功能。每台肾衰竭治疗仪仪器具有与存储器设备一起运行的控制处理器,所述控制处理器又通过有线的形式或无线的形式与分布式数据库系统进行通信。
应该理解的是,尽管分布式数据库系统的一个主要实施例使用具有网络路由器的LAN,但是LAN不需要使用这样的路由器。相反,局域网也可以是不同类型的网络,例如自组织网络或电力线网络。如本文所使用的,LAN包括网络路由器类型、以太网类型、无线类型、自组织类型、电力线类型、本领域技术人员已知的其他类型、未来开发的其他类型、以及它们的组合。
在医疗相关数据包括但不限于(i)处方输入参数或数据(例如仪器运行参数)、(ii)治疗输出数据(例如UF移除,总血量移动,消耗总透析液体积,肝素消耗量,警报和治疗效果测量Kt/V等)、(iii)技术输入数据(例如,校准、警报限制等)、(iv)技术输出数据(例如,实际组件使用、传感器测量值等)、以及(v)管理数据(例如,存货数据和人员配置数据)。一般而言,数据(i)和(ii)有助于随着时间来评估患者的治疗,而数据(iii)和(iv)有助于评估具体仪器的执行情况。数据(v)帮助诊所顺利有效地运行。
处方输入参数还可以包括在分布式数据库系统的任何仪器上执行的一个或多个治疗期间使用流体流速、压力警报限制、体积、温度、传导率、剂量、治疗时间等设置中的任意项或全部。处方输入参数可以进一步包括患者应该服用的任何药物以及患者应该结合治疗来使用的任何耗材,例如任何医疗输送药物、抗凝剂(例如,肝素)、盐水,促红细胞生成素刺激剂(“ESA”)(例如EpogenTM)、铁补充剂、钾补充剂、使用的碳酸氢盐、使用的酸浓缩液、使用的透析器等。
治疗输出数据还可以是在分布式数据库系统的仪器上执行的治疗期间实际实现的任意或全部感测数据或记录数据,例如,实际流体流速、压力、治疗流体体积、温度传导率、透析或药物输送剂量、治疗时间、UF体积等。治疗输出数据可以进一步包括在治疗过程中产生的任何警报或报警。更进一步地,治疗输出数据可以包括治疗期间记录的任何生理数据(包括由仪器(例如,透析或药物输送仪器)或在一个或多个远程感测设备处感测的任何生理数据),例如,血压、患者体温、患者体重、患者葡萄糖水平以及主观感觉(例如恶心、头晕、嗜睡)等。
每台仪器都可以向分布式数据库系统上的其他仪器广播医疗相关的数据。如下所述,操作员可以使用分布式数据库系统的任何仪器来获得与诊所的任何患者和任何其他仪器的状态相关的信息。然而,应该理解的是,分布式数据库系统的每台仪器并不必须访问系统的所有数据,或者访问与每台其他仪器访问相同的数据,从而允许仪器或仪器组的访问量反而可以少于系统的所有医疗相关数据。
使用分布式数据库系统的事实是即使非常大的存储器存储量也比较便宜。分布式数据库系统相应地基于一些周期性基准或实时地复制仪器的至少一部分数据,使得每台仪器在其存储器装置内存储相同或实质相同的数据。如果进行实时复制,则分布式数据库系统可能被限制为只分发特定类型的数据,使得正在进行的治疗不会中断。例如,仪器可以被限制为只分发警报信息,使得在第一仪器处关注患者的护士可以在第一仪器处看到在第二仪器处发生了警报。在该示例中,仪器可以稍后或在治疗完成后交换其批量的治疗输出数据。
可选地,实时数据共享更广泛,使得第一仪器的护士或临床医生可以获得关于分布式数据库系统的其他仪器的治疗数据。例如,可以设想的是,提供临床医生概要屏幕,该屏幕允许临床医生快速查看所有正在进行的治疗的状态。例如,医疗装置的主治疗屏幕可以提供“诊所概要”按钮,当按下该按钮时,带临床医生转到临床医生概要屏幕。一旦在该屏幕上,临床医生可以快速地看到实时或当天的关于分布式数据库系统的每台其他仪器的信息,例如,仪器的当前状态(例如,运行、暂停、处于警报状态下、或者未使用状态)、已用治疗时间、剩余治疗时间、所收集的UF量和警报历史等。
系统可以提供多个概要屏幕。例如,医疗装置的主治疗屏幕可以提供“概要”按钮,当被按压时,使用户通向具有多个概要按钮的屏幕,诸如例如“诊所概要”按钮、“患者概要”按钮、“库存保有概要”按钮、“人员配置概要”按钮。当按下“患者概要”按钮时,可以通向患者列表(对应所有的诊所或只有当前正在接受治疗的诊所),其中按下列表中的任何患者姓名通向专用于该患者的屏幕。因此,护士或临床医生可以从分布式数据库系统中的任何仪器到达专用患者屏幕。当按下“库存保有概要”按钮时,可以通向库存概要屏幕,该屏幕列出了耗材名称、每种耗材在库存中的保有量和每种耗材的延期订单的数量。当按下“人员配置概要”按钮时,可以通向“人员配置概要”屏幕,该屏幕列出与诊所相关联的所有临床医生、护士和医生,以及他们中的哪一个目前在诊所、他们的班次、他们的技术专长等。
“库存概要”和“人员配置概要”屏幕是连接到分布式数据库系统的不同仪器或其他设备是如何并非必须共享相同数据的好的示例。这里,可以使用一个或多个后端计算机来例如在每天结束时更新库存概要和/或人员配置概要信息。一个或多个后端计算机可以与分布式数据库系统的每台仪器共享其更新的库存概要和/或人员配置概要信息,然而,一个或多个后端计算机不需要访问以上列出的其他类型的医疗相关数据(这些数据是提供给仪器或从仪器取回的)。
概要信息可能是也可能不是实时信息。例如,临床医生概要屏幕可以涉及不同患者的例如治疗输出数据的实时数据传送,这些患者正在接受采用分布式数据库系统的仪器的治疗。另一方面,库存概要信息可以是当前的,但不一定是最新的信息。例如,在一个实施例中信息不用立刻更新成从存货中拉出透析器,而是在当天结束时更新,其中当天使用的透析器的总数要从当日存货中减去。
在一个实施例中,诸如护士或临床医生的用户必须输入待认证标识并且接收授权,以便查看本公开的分布式数据库的任何信息,包括刚描述的概要信息。例如,当选择上面所讨论的概要屏幕时首先出现用户标识和密码输入框。只有在输入授权的用户名和密码后,请求的护士或临床医生才能看到病人可识别的数据。
在一个实施例中,肾衰竭治疗仪器是即插即用型的,使得仪器可以自动连接到分布式数据库系统,并且在没有任何(或非常少的)用户设置或配置的情况下在系统上共享数据。除了共享治疗数据之外,本发明的分布式数据库系统还共享或确保每台仪器具有并运行最新的软件。如果在其中一台仪器上设置了软件更新,则诊所允许的仪器将能够将软件更新传播到分布式数据库系统的所有仪器。在一个实施例中,软件更新在一天结束时执行,而仪器不进行处理。在很多情况下,仪器在一天结束时会进入休眠状态、沉睡、休眠或脱机模式或状态(“休眠状态”)。具有软件更新的仪器将唤醒处于休眠状态的所有仪器,以便分布式数据库系统或群集的所有仪器都可以接收软件更新。
在某些情况下,分布式数据库系统的肾衰竭治疗仪器可以与系统断开,例如用于仪器维护或更新、清洁等。在这种情况下,当断开的仪器布置成与分布式数据库系统重新连接时,更新仪器以存储任何丢失的操作软件和治疗数据,以使仪器完全与分布式数据库系统或群集的其他仪器保持最新。
分布式数据库系统可以只包括单一类型或制造商的仪器。或者,分布式数据库系统或群集可以包括不同类型和/或制造商的医疗装置。例如,分布式数据库系统或集群可以包括由制造商X、Y和Z提供的肾衰竭治疗仪器。可以设想的是,提供适配器、中间计算机或接口,使得由制造商Y和Z提供的仪器可以(i)相互进行通信(ii)与制造商X的仪器进行通信。适配器、中间计算机或接口还确保制造商X、Y和Z中每一个的仪器具有充分的处理和存储,以接收本文所述的数据更新。
还有为分布式数据库系统的仪器设想的多种基本模式,以便共享数据。在第一种基本模式中,仪器将其新获取的数据“推送”到其他仪器上。在这里,仪器可以轮流将其数据发送到分布式数据库系统的其他仪器。特别地,在一个“推送”实施例中,仪器轮流在指定的时间段结束时(例如在每秒、每分、每小时、每班次或治疗日结束时)发送其患者或治疗数据。例如,假设在分布式数据库系统中有十台仪器,则可以给予分布式数据库系统的每台仪器一个队列号,例如1/10、2/10、3/10…10/10。当仪器要共享数据时,仪器1/10将其数据发送到仪器2/10至10/10。当仪器1/10完成时,仪器2/10将其数据发送到仪器1/10和3/10至10/10,依此类推,直到仪器10/10将其数据发送到仪器1/10至9/10为止。最后,所有十台仪器都具有来自群集的每台其他仪器的数据。
在另一个“推送”实施例中,其中一台仪器充当中枢仪器,而分布式数据库系统的其他仪器充当轮辐。这里,集群中的一台或多台仪器(例如仪器1/10)接收来自所有其他仪器2/10至10/10的数据。仪器2/10至10/10可以根据中枢仪器1/10所要求的顺序分别发送它们各自的数据。中枢仪器1/10将按照向中枢仪器1/10发送数据的顺序存储来自仪器2/10至10/10的数据。一旦中枢仪器1/10完全更新了来自分布式数据库系统或集群的所有其他仪器的数据,仪器1/10将包括仪器1/10的数据在内的总数据发送到分布式数据库系统或集群中的所有其他仪器2/10至10/10,这可以根据中枢仪器1/10所要求的顺序再进行一次。接下来,在最后,所有十台仪器都应该具有来自分布式数据库系统的每台其他仪器的数据。
分布式数据库系统的仪器共享数据的另一个基本模式是每台仪器从系统的所有其他仪器中“拉取”任何新的数据。在这里,与推送数据相反,分布式数据库系统的每台仪器询问系统的每台其他仪器是否有任何新数据要传输。为此,请求仪器可以保有每台仪器已经传送的数据的记录。请求仪器告知输送仪器哪个输送仪器的数据已经被输送。然后,输送仪器查看是否有任何额外的数据,如果是的话,输送仪器将新的数据输送给请求仪器。分布式数据库系统的每台仪器轮流作为请求仪器,以便在交换会话结束时,每台仪器都完全更新。
在另一个基本模式中,仪器可以执行“推—拉”例程以确保它们共享相同的数据。例如,可以执行“推送”例程以将新数据从每台仪器推送到分布式数据库系统的每台其他仪器。例如,当创建了新数据时或者以指定间隔(例如,每天一次或一个班次一次)来执行推送。可以使用“拉取”例程来比较任意两台仪器的存储数据,以确保它们匹配。例如,当一台仪器重新连接到分布式数据库系统时,它可以执行“拉取”例程来捕获由系统的其他仪器离线时产生的任何新数据。也可以周期性地执行“拉取”例程,例如每天或每个班次进行一次。在“拉取”例程中,两台仪器相互比较和拉取数据,并选择最近的数据,以确保最后两台仪器具有相同的最新数据。该“拉取”例程是在分布式数据库系统的每对仪器之间定期发生。这里的前提是,如果分布式数据库的每对仪器均具有相同的数据,那么分布式数据库的所有仪器都具有相同的数据。
“推送”和“推—拉”例程可以用许多不同的方式来实现。例如,“推送”可以是一个累积推送。比如说,分布式数据库系统包括12台仪器,1/12至12/12。如果每台仪器都完成其自己的新数据推送,那么将会是每台仪器推送11次乘以12台仪器,总共推送132次。在另一个实施例中,每台仪器都有一个搭档,比如仪器1/12+2/12、3/12+4/12、5/12+6/12、7/12+8/12、9/2+10/12和11/12+12/12,创造了六台仪器组合。每对组合需要12次新数据推送,两两之间互相推送,再加上10次向组合外部的每台其他仪器的更多共有的数据推送。在这里,每对组合的十二次数据推送乘以六对组合仅等于总共72次数据推送。在另一个实施例中,每台仪器以三台仪器为一组工作,例如仪器1/12+2/12+3/12、4/12+5/12+6/12、7/12+8/12+9/12和10/12+11/12+12/12,共创建了四个三台小组。每个三台小组需要十五次新的数据推送,相互之间推送6次,再加上9向三台小组外部的每台仪器的更多共有的数据推送。在这里,每个三台小组的十五次数据推送乘以四个三台小组仅等于总共60次数据推送。以同样的方式,将同样的十二台仪器再次分成三个四台小组,产生了中国60次新数据推送(每四台小组的二十次推送乘以三个四台小组)。有趣的是,将相同的十二台仪器分成两台小组,导致总共有72次新数据推送(每一半的36次新数据推送乘以两个两台小组)。因此,对于分布式数据库中仪器的任何总数,可能存在最佳的一个或多个分组(数据推送越少越好)。
为了跟踪哪个数据已被传送,可以预期的是将数据或数据分组用标记数据或元数据来分配。在一个实施例中,标记数据或元数据包括唯一性标识(“id”)、散列和以及时间标记。唯一性id标识用于标识产生特定的新数据(通常是数据阵列)的特定的仪器和在仪器中的顺序。散列和标识或表示新数据(例如,阵列)的实际内容。时间标记标记新数据生成的时间。当两台仪器进行同步时,仪器首先查看是否有彼此的唯一性id。如果仪器Y中缺少仪器X的唯一性标识,则将相应的新数据和所有元数据复制到仪器Y,反之亦然。如果任何两个唯一性id匹配,但相应的散列和不同,则选择具有最近时间标记的散列和以存储在每台仪器X和Y中。以这种方式,如果仪器Y离线或已经永久休眠几天,仪器Y在返回时可以与分布式数据库系统的每台其他仪器进行同步过程,以取回在仪器Y离线期间所产生的任何丢失的新数据。
这里讨论的是分布式数据库系统的仪器周期性地检查其共享数据的完整性并且在数据被损坏时校正数据的方法。类似地,这里讨论的方法用于检查数据是否已经从一台仪器正确地传送到另一台仪器。在这两种情况下,可以通过比较为一个或多个数据计算的散列和来完成检查。
在本文讨论的任何实施例中,分布式数据库系统的肾脏治疗仪器或其他类型的医疗仪器可以在LAN内部或外部发送数据和状态信息,以存储在诊所、仪器制造商的远程计算机或其他预期实体的远程计算机或网络处。例如,在局域网或分布式数据库的其他部分被损坏的情况下,可以出于备份的目的而远程存储数据。数据可以被远程归档以用于分析,例如用于求平均值、趋势分析、供应链分析或供应顺序分析。数据也可以远程归档,以减轻或缓解分布式数据库系统的数据存储负担。也就是说,可以设想的是,将超过一定时间、待并入在分布式数据库系统上为每个患者保持的正在进行的趋势的数据,在LAN的内部和外部计算机或网络上远程归档,并且最终从分布式数据库系统的仪器上清除,以便为新的患者数据释放存储空间。
分布式数据库系统还支持诸如传感器、监控器、分析仪、其他医疗仪器和实验室设备之类的传感设备的连接。例如,诊所提供的体重秤可用于在治疗之前和之后对每位患者进行称重。由于每台仪器都保存着被称量的患者的记录,所以病人体重可以例如以有线或无线的形式发送到分布式数据库系统的每台仪器。或者,可以例如以无线的方式将患者体重发送到当天对患者进行治疗的仪器,然后在治疗之后的稍晚一些从特定仪器发送到分布式数据库系统的每台仪器。或者,可以将患者体重存储在装到正在治疗患者的仪器上的数据存储设备(例如闪存盘)上,然后在治疗之后稍晚一些从特定仪器发送到分布式数据库系统的每台仪器。来自其他传感器(例如血压测量装置和葡萄糖传感器)的数据可以以相同的方式记录和分发。
分布式数据库系统还可以检测传感器、监控器、分析仪、其他医疗仪器和实验室设备的性能,并且如果出现给出了错误的读数则报告。例如,系统可以有后端计算机,该计算机运行分析来自每个传感器、监控器、分析仪或其他医疗仪器的数据的算法。该算法可以从传感器、监控器等中查找读数的趋势,例如发现有读取到高于或低于患者正常值的倾向。如果标识出这样的感测设备,则后端计算机向分布式数据库系统的每台仪器发送标记,通知仪器不接受来自这种传感设备的读数和/或提醒临床医生对设备进行重新校准或更换。因此,应该认识到,如果特定诊所使用两个或更多个秤(或其他传感器),则从每个秤或传感器发送的数据可以具有标识该感测设备的标识符。此外,可以设想的是,如果系统发现不正确工作的感测设备,例如体重秤或血压模块,则可以对系统进行编程以回看过去是否存在来自特定设备的相似的数据损坏。在任何情况下,可以设想的是,将任何感测设备连接到本公开的分布式数据库系统,以便共享数据以及医用流体泵送量。
到目前为止已经多次提到后端计算机。在另一个实施例中可以设想,取消任意一个或多个后端计算机,而其功能将在分布式数据库系统的一个或多个医疗仪器来代替执行。例如,由一个或多个后端计算机执行的用于更新上述库存概要和/或人员配置概要信息的功能,或者用于感测设备的后端计算机可以由分布式数据库系统的一个或多个(或所有)医疗仪器的处理和存储来替代。这样,能力有限或没有后端计算的诊所可以享受到结合这些后端计算机所描述的益处。但是,具有这种后端计算的诊所可以将这样的计算利用到本公开的分布式数据库中。可以设想的是,本公开的分布式数据库系统可以(i)在没有任何后端计算能力的情况下,(ii)具有和补充现有的后端计算能力时运行,或(iii)与现有的后端计算能力无关。
分布式数据库系统还支持从其肾衰竭治疗或其他医疗仪器到临床医生、医生、护士或其他授权人员的移动设备或个人计算机的数据传输。在一个实施例中,维护到外部移动设备或个人计算机的任何传输的记录。在一个实施例中,存储在分布式数据库系统中的数据可以在移动设备或远程个人计算机上访问(读取),但是不存储在该移动设备或远程个人计算机上,或者从这些设备上传送过来。
鉴于这里阐述的技术特征而非限制,在第一方面,一种医疗装置系统包括:分布式数据库;多台医疗装置,与所述分布式数据库一起运行;以及逻辑执行器,与每台医疗装置相关联,其中,每个逻辑执行器均编程为访问所述分布式数据库,使得系统的每台医疗装置(i)周期性地向每台其他医疗装置传输处方输入参数或治疗输出数据中的至少一种以及(ii)周期性的从每台其他医疗装置取回所述处方输入参数或治疗输出数据中的至少一种。
在第二方面中(除非另有规定,否则可与本文所述的任何其他方面一起使用),所述医疗装置经由结合所述分布式数据库使用的局域网(“LAN”)与每台其他医疗装置进行数据通信。
在第三方面中(除非另有规定,否则可以与本文所述的任何其他方面一起使用),更新每台所述医疗装置以便为多个患者中的每一个患者储存相同的所述处方输入参数或治疗输出数据中的至少一种。
在第四方面中(除非另有规定,否则可以与本文所述的任何其他方面一起使用),所述医疗装置和所述分布式数据库不与中央服务器进行交互。
在第五方面中(除非另有规定,否则可与本文所述的任何其他方面一起使用),所述医疗装置由第一和第二制造商来提供,且所述系统包括使所述第一和第二制造商的医疗装置能够互相通信的接口。
在第六方面中(除非另有规定,否则可与本文所述的任何其他方面一起使用),(i)处方输入参数或(ii)治疗输出数据中的至少一种经由所述分布式数据库连同(iii)技术输入数据、(iv)技术输出数据或(v)管理数据中的至少一种进行共享。
在第七方面中(除非另有规定,否则可以与本文所述的任何其他方面一起使用),所述分布式数据库还共享从由以下组件构成的组中选出的至少一种医疗设备获得的信息:体重秤、血液压力测量装置、葡萄糖传感器、生理传感器、心电图装置、水处理设备、床秤、访问断开装置、生物阻抗测量装置、PH传感器、实验室测试设备、血液样本分析仪、或者访问流量测量装置。
在第八方面中(除非另有规定,否则可以与本文所述的任何其他方面一起使用),所述分布式数据库是第一分布式数据库,并且所述医疗装置系统包括第二分布式数据库,其用于共享从由以下组件构成的组中选出的至少一种医疗设备获得的信息:体重秤、血液压力测量装置、葡萄糖传感器、生理传感器、心电图装置、水处理设备、床秤、访问断开装置、生物阻抗测量装置、PH传感器、实验室测试设备、血液样本分析仪、或者访问流量测量装置。
在第九方面中(除非另有规定,否则可以与本文所述的任何其他方面一起使用),周期性地传输并取回处方输入参数或治疗输出数据包括以如下方式中的至少一种进行该动作:实时进行、以大约几秒进行、以大约几分钟进行、每小时进行、每天进行、每周进行、每周进行、在治疗结束时进行、在治疗日结束时进行、或在治疗班次结束时进行。
在第十方面中(除非另有规定,否则可以与本文所述的任何其他方面一起使用),至少一个逻辑执行器配置为周期性地将所述处方输入参数或治疗输出数据中的至少一种推送到所述系统的每台其他医疗装置。
在第十一方面中(除非另有规定,否则可以与本文所述的任何其他方面一起使用),至少一个逻辑执行器配置为周期性地从所述系统的每台其他医疗装置中拉取所述处方输入参数或治疗输出数据中的至少一种。
在第十二方面中(除非另有规定,否则可以与本文中所描述的任何其他方面一起使用),该系统还配置为经由所述分布式数据库共享所述医疗装置之间的操作软件。
在第十三方面中(除非另有规定,否则可以与本文所述的任何其他方面一起使用),所述分布式数据库是第一分布式数据库,并且所述医疗装置系统包括第二分布式数据库,其中,所述多台仪器中的至少一台逻辑执行器编程为访问所述第二分布式数据库。
在第十四方面中(除非另有规定,可以结合本文所述的任何其他方面而与第十三方面并一起使用),其中,所述分布式数据库中的一个是实时数据数据库。
在第十五方面中(除非另有规定,可以结合本文所述的任何其他方面而与第十三方面并一起使用),所述分布式数据库中的一个是管理数据数据库。
在第十六方面中(除非另有规定,否则可以与本文所述的任何其他方面一起使用),所述系统的每个医疗装置编程为周期性地验证其处方输入参数或治疗输出数据中的至少一种。
在第十七方面中(除非另有规定,可以结合本文所述的任何其他方面而与第十六方面一起使用),其中,经由散列和的比较来执行验证。
在第十八方面中(除非另有规定,否则可以与本文所述的任何其他方面一起使用),所述系统的多个医疗装置编程为周期性地对其处方输入参数或治疗输出数据中的至少一种进行同步。
在第十九方面中(除非另有规定,可以结合本文所述的任何其他方面而与第十八方面一起使用),经由记录标识、散列和或时间标记中的至少一种的比较来执行同步。
在第二十方面中(除非另有规定,否则可以与本文所述的任何其他方面一起使用),所述系统的至少一个医疗装置编程为显示至少一个概要屏幕,所述至少一个概要屏幕为所述系统的不同医疗装置示出所述处方输入参数或治疗输出数据的至少一种。
在第二十一方面中(除非另有规定,否则可以与本文所述的任何其他方面一起使用),医疗装置系统包括:多个医疗装置;第一分布式数据库,在所述多个医疗装置中共享由所述多个医疗装置生成或使用的第一数据;第二分布式数据库,共享(i)在所述多个医疗装置中共享由所述多个医疗装置生成或使用的第二数据,(ii)在所述第二组多个医疗装置中共享由所述第二组多个医疗装置生成或使用的第二数据,或者(iii)医疗设备生成或使用的第二数据。
在第二十二方面中(除非另有规定,可以结合本文所述的任何其他方面结合而与第二十一方面一起使用),所述第一医疗装置中的一个和所述第二医疗装置中的一个配置为为同一个患者提供治疗。
在第二十三方面中(除非另有规定,可以结合本文所述的任何其他方面结合而与第二十一方面一起使用),所述一个所述第一医疗装置中的一个和所述医疗设备中的一个配置为为同一个患者提供治疗。
在第二十四方面中(除非另有规定,可以结合本文所述的任何其他方面结合而与第二十一方面一起使用),所述第一医疗装置用于为第一组患者提供治疗,所述第二医疗装置用于为第二组患者提供治疗。
在第二十五方面中(除非另有规定,可以与本文所述的任何其他方面一起使用),医疗装置包括:至少一台医用流体泵;以及逻辑执行器,所述逻辑执行器操作所述至少一台医用流体泵,以便接收泵输入参数并产生泵输出数据,所述逻辑执行器编程为(i)经由分布式数据库与多台其他医疗装置共享所述泵输入参数或泵输出数据中的至少一种,以及(ii)经由所述分布式数据库从所述多台其他医疗装置中接收泵输入参数或泵输出数据中的至少一种。
在第二十六方面中(除非另有规定,可以结合本文所述的任何其他方面而与第二十五方面一起使用),所述逻辑执行器编程为经由分布式数据库与所述其他医疗装置同步所述泵输入参数或泵输出数据中的至少一种。
在第二十七方面中(除非另有规定,可以结合本文所述的任何其他方面而与第二十六方面一起使用),所述逻辑执行器编程为将其自身的散列和与所述其他医疗装置中的一台其他医疗装置的相应散列和进行比较,以便与该其他医疗装置同步所述泵输入参数或泵输出数据中的至少一种。
在第二十八方面中(除非另有规定,可以结合本文所述的任何其他方面而与第二十五方面一起使用),所述逻辑执行器编程为将所述泵输入参数或泵输出数据中的至少一种的散列和发送到所述其他医疗装置,以便在所述其他医疗装置与所述其他医疗装置的相应散列和进行比较。
在第二十九方面中(除非另有规定,可以结合本文所述的任何其他方面而与第二十五方面一起使用),所述逻辑执行器编程为验证其泵输入参数或泵输出数据中的至少一种。
在第三十方面中(除非另有规定,可以结合本文所述的任何其他方面而与第二十九方面一起使用),所述验证包括针对所述泵输入参数或泵输出数据中的至少一种将新计算的散列和与先前建立的散列和进行比较。
在第三十一方面中(除非另有规定,可以结合本文所述任何其他方面而与第二方面一起使用),所述LAN包括网络路由器。
在第三十二方面中(除非另有规定,否则可以结合本文所述任何其他方面而与第二方面一起使用),所述LAN是有线或无线的。
在第三十三方面中(除非另有规定,可与本文所述的任何其他方面一起使用),所述装置的系统经配置为根据所述医疗相关的数据创建至少一种治疗记录趋势。
在第三十四方面中(除非另有规定,可与本文所述的任何其他方面一起使用),所述系统或装置配置为在一定时间处或过了一定时间之后或处于管制原因而移除数据。
在第三十五方面中(除非另有规定,可与本文所述的任何其他方面一起使用),所述系统或装置配置为在每台医疗装置完成治疗后输送医疗相关的数据。
在第三十六方面中(除非另有规定,可与本文所述的任何其他方面一起使用),所述系统或装置配置为在治疗期间输送医疗相关的数据。
在第三十七方面中(除非另有规定,可与本文所述的任何其他方面一起使用),所述系统或设备配置为出于医疗相关数据传输的目的而将至少一台医疗装置从休眠模式中唤醒。
在第三十八方面中(除非另有规定,可与本文所述的任何其他方面一起使用),所述系统或装置配置为在其返回到与其他医疗设备的数据通信时将多天的医疗相关数据传输给医疗设备中的一个。。
在第三十九方面中(除非另有规定,可与本文所述的任何其他方面一起使用),所述系统或设备配置为对每台医疗装置自动更新新软件。
在第四十方面中(除非另有规定,可与本文所述的任何其他方面一起使用),所述系统包括:多个医疗装置,所述多个医疗装置彼此间进行数据通信;以及逻辑执行器,所述逻辑执行器与每台医疗装置相关联,其中,每个逻辑执行器编程为经由多个医疗装置周期性地为多个患者中的每个患者储存医疗相关数据。
在第四十一方面中(除非另有规定,可与本文所述的任何其他方面一起使用),医疗装置分布式数据库系统包括:局域网(“LAN”);以及与LAN数据通信的多台医疗装置,其中,多台医疗装置中的每台轮流经由LAN向每台其他医疗装置传送医疗相关数据。
在第四十二方面中(除非另有规定,可结合本文所述的任何其他方面而与第四十一方面一起使用),多个医疗装置中的每台包括队列中的位置,其表明多台医疗装置轮流传送医疗相关数据的顺序。
在第四十三方面中(除非另有规定,可结合本文所述的任何其他方面而与第四十二方面一起使用),队列中的第一医疗装置启动数据的周期性传送。
在第四十四方面中(除非另有规定,可结合本文所述的任何其他方面而与第四十一方面一起使用),数据的传输发生在用医疗装置进行治疗的每一天之后。
在第四十五方面中(除非另有规定,可结合本文所述的任何其他方面而与第四十一方面一起使用),数据的传输发生在用医疗装置进行治疗期间。
在第四十六方面中(除非另有规定,否则可与本文所述的任何其他方面一起使用),医疗装置分布式数据库系统包括:局域网(“LAN”);以及用所述LAN进行数据通信的多台医疗装置,其中,多台医疗装置中的第一台编程为经由所述LAN从每台其他医疗装置中接收医疗相关数据,并经由所述LAN向每台其他医疗装置发送共有的医疗相关数据。
在第四十七方面中(除非另有规定,可结合本文所述的任何其他方面而与第四十六方面一起使用),每台其他医疗装置在从所述第一医疗装置接收通知时发送其数据。
在第四十八方面中(除非另有规定,可结合本文所述的任何其他方面而与第二十五方面一起使用),逻辑执行器还编程为经由所述分布式数据库(10a至10f)与个人通信装置(“PCD”,175)、个人计算机(170)、服务器计算机(180)或医疗设备(185)中的至少一个共享所述泵输入参数或泵输出数据中的至少一种。
在第四十九方面中(除非另有规定,可结合本文所述的任何其他方面而与第二十五方面一起使用),逻辑执行器还配置为由所述分布式数据库(10a至10f)从个人通信装置(“PCD”,175)、个人计算机(170)、服务器计算机(180)或医疗设备(185)中的至少一个中接收数据。
在第五十方面中,结合图1A至图11中的任意一个或多个图所描述的任意特征、功能或替代物可以与图1A至图11中其他的一个或多个图所述的任意特征、功能和替代物向结合。
因此,本公开的优点是提供一种用于医疗装置的分布式数据库系统和方法,该分布式数据库系统和方法不需要中央服务器。
本公开的另一个优点是提供一种用于医疗装置的分布式数据库系统和方法,该分布式数据库系统和方法使得任何患者能够使用该系统的任何仪器,其中,每个仪器将具有该患者的记录。
本公开的另一个优点是提供一种用于医疗装置的分布式数据库系统和方法,其中,临床医生可以接近任何仪器并且获得关于分布式数据库系统内的任何患者的数据。
此外,本公开的优点是提供一种用于医疗装置的分布式数据库系统和方法,其可以处理不同类型和不同制造商的医疗装置。
本发明的附加特征和优点将在本发明的以下详细说明和附图中进行描述,并且基于以下详细说明和附图,本发明的附加特征和优点将变得显而易见。
附图说明
图1A是本公开的分布式数据库系统和方法的一个实施例的示意图。
图1B至图1D示出了适用于本公开的分布式数据库系统和方法的不同示例性类型的局域网。
图2是本公开的分布式数据库系统和方法的另一个实施例的示意图。
图3是本公开的分布式数据库系统和方法的另一个实施例的示意图。
图4A是示出了子例程的一个实施例的逻辑流程图,该子例程用于生成经由本公开的分布式数据库系统和方法来传输的数据的元数据。
图4B是示出了子程序的一个实施例的逻辑流程图,该子例程用于将数据发送到本公开分布式数据库系统的其他仪器或感测设备。
图5A是示出了子例程的一个实施例的逻辑流程图,该子例程使用本公开分布式数据库系统和方法来同步不同的仪器。
图5B是示出了与图5A所示逻辑流程图一起使用的子例程的一个实施例的逻辑流程图,该子例程用于比较两个仪器之间的数据。
图5C是示出了本公开分布式数据库系统的仪器或感测设备的一个实施例的逻辑流程图,用于验证其数据。
图6A是示出了采用图4A、图4B和图5A(包括图5B)的子例程的“推拉式(push-pull)”方法的一个实施例的逻辑流程图,用于使本公开分布式数据库系统和方法的每台仪器能够共享数据。
图6B是示出了采用图4A和图5A(包括图5B)的子例程的“拉取”方法的一个实施例的逻辑流程图,用于使本公开分布式数据库系统和方法的每台仪器能够共享数据。
图7A是示出了“推送”模式的一个实施例的逻辑流程图,其用于对本公开分布式数据库系统和方法的不同仪器上的操作软件进行更新。
图7B是示出了与图7A所示逻辑流程图一起使用的子例程的一个实施例的逻辑流程图,其用于为用户确认新软件更新的安装。
图7C是示出了“拉取”模式的另一实施例的逻辑流程图,其用于对本公开分布式数据库系统和方法的不同仪器上的操作软件进行更新。
图8A是来自本公开分布式数据库系统的仪器的屏幕截图,其示出了当按下时就让用户转到诊所概要屏幕的“诊所概要”按钮的一个实施例。
图8B是来自本公开分布式数据库系统的仪器的屏幕截图,其示出了诊所概要屏幕的一个实施例。
图9是存储在本公开分布式数据库系统上的数据的生命周期的一个实施例的示意图。
图10是用本公开分布式数据库系统和方法进行操作的肾衰竭治疗仪器的透析液回路的一个实施例的流程示意图。
图11是用本公开分布式数据库系统和方法进行操作的肾衰竭治疗仪器的血液回路的一个实施例的流程示意图。
具体实施方式
现在参考附图,特别是图1,示出了分布式数据库系统10的一个实施例。分布式数据库系统10包括多个医疗装置12a至12j(在本文中统称为医疗装置12或通常单独地称为医疗装置12)。医疗装置12可以是例如位于诊所,医院或其他医疗装置环境的能够归类成群集的任何类型的医疗装置。医疗装置12可以例如是药物输送或输注泵。用于分布式数据库系统10的合适的输注泵例如在共同未决的美国专利公开2013/0336814(大容积蠕动泵(largevolume peristaltic pump))和2013/0281965(注射泵(syringe pump))中进行了描述。在另一个实施例中,医疗装置12是诸如血液透析(“HD”)、血液滤过(“HF”)、血液透析滤过(“HDF”)、连续肾脏替代疗法(“CRRT”)、动静脉连续缓慢滤过(“SCUF”)、连续静脉-静脉血液透析(“CCVHD”)、连续静脉-静脉血液透析滤过(“CVVHDF”)仪器和/或腹膜透析(“PD”)之类的任何类型的肾衰竭治疗仪器。下面,图10和图11提供了一些背景内容,其关于肾衰竭治疗仪器是如何工作的,特别是需要什么类型的数据来编程仪器(仪器处方参数)以及仪器产生什么类型的数据(治疗输出数据)。
尽管分布式数据库系统10在图1中与医疗装置12a至12j一起示出,但是应当理解的是,仪器12a至12j或位置12a至12j中的任何一个或多个可以是个人计算机(例如以下所示的计算机170)、服务器计算机(例如以下所示的服务器计算机180)或任何类型的感测或其他医疗设备(诸如以下所示的感测设备185)来代替。因此,虽然医用流体仪器12是在分布式数据库系统10上共享数据的主流类型的装置,但是无论是本文所称的医用流体仪器12a至12j还是仅仅是医用流体仪器12,它们都意味着适用于个人计算机170、服务器计算机180和感测或其他医疗设备185。
在一个实施例中,分布式数据库系统10使用局域网(“LAN”)150进行操作。系统10的LAN 150将仪器12a至12j的群集连接在一起。分布式数据库系统10可以多于或少于所示的十台仪器。分布式数据库系统10不需要服务器计算机、外部网络、内联网或互联网。分布式数据库系统10可以完全自立并且可以位于几乎不具有或不具有互联网能力的区域和几乎不具有或不具有计算机基础设施的设备中。分布式数据库系统10的LAN150以有线或无线的方式连接到各个仪器。图1示出了两种情况。在有线的情况下,LAN 150通过每台仪器上的有线连接152连接到仪器12a至12j。有线连接可以是通用串行总线(“USB”)或其他类型的有线连接,例如以太网网络(例如标准IEEE 802.3网络)。
在另一个实施例中,LAN 150是无线的。这里,各个仪器12a至12j配备有无线收发器154,该无线收发器154(i)将信息以无线的形式沿着LAN150向分布式数据库系统10的其他仪器广播,并且(ii)从分布式数据库系统10的其他仪器以无线的方式沿着LAN 150接收信息。无线网络可以实现为Wi-Fi网络,例如,如在标准IEEE 802.11中所提出的网络。可以使用各种不同的Wi-Fi协议中的任何一种,例如,类型“a”、“b”、“g”、“n”、“ac”和其他即将使用的协议,诸如“af”之类的协议。或者,可以使用不同于Wi-Fi的协议,例如蓝牙或ZigBee。
在图1的示例中,分布式数据库系统10的仪器12a至12d和12f至12j全部是相同的类型和相同的制造商,或者是能够彼此直接通信。仪器12a至12d和12f至12j相应地被示出为彼此直接地进行有线或无线通信。另一方面,分布式数据库系统10的仪器12e不是相同的制造商、相同的型号或者由于某种原因不能直接与仪器12a至12d以及12f至12j进行通信。例如,不同的透析机制造商虽然通常需要相同的数据输入来运行治疗,并且通常生成相同的治疗输出数据,但是就数据如何具体输入和生成而言可能会有所不同。例如,虽然每台透析机需要知道治疗时间、待移除的超滤(“UF”)体积或UF目标、以及UF流速,但是三个参数是相关的,并且只需要指定三个中的两个。一个制造商可能决定输入治疗时间和UF目标并计算UF流流速,而另一个制造商可以设定UF目标和UF流速并计算治疗时间。在其他示例中,不同的制造商可以以不同的单位输入参数并生成治疗数据,例如英制标准单位与公制单位。更进一步地,不同的制造商可以考虑不同的或额外的参数,例如流体和食物摄入以及在UF治疗期间注入的流体的体积。
不同的仪器12e说明用于上述制造商或仪器类型不匹配的一个解决方案。为不同的仪器12e配备适配器、中间计算机(intermediate computer)或接口160。这里,LAN 150经由有线连接152或无线收发器154连接到中间接口160。可以在中间接口160和仪器12e之间形成单独的数据线156和有线连接158。或者,可以使仪器12e的收发器154与中间接口160之间形成单独的无线连接以使仪器12e间接地经由LAN 150能够与其他仪器进行数据通信。
中间接口160可以配备有自身的视频屏幕162(例如触摸屏或屏幕上的触摸键盘),和/或具有自身的电动机械键盘(未示出)。可选地,中间接口160可以简单地是数据转换器,其中用户经由不同仪器12e(例如,不同的制造商)的用户控制和视频屏幕与中间接口160进行交互。虽然中间接口160被示出为与其所操作的仪器在一起的独立单元,但是中间接口160可替代地(i)是位于不同仪器12e内的一个或多个印刷电路板,(ii)位于仪器12a至12d或12f至12j中的任何一个内的一个或多个印刷电路板,或者(iii)加载在下述参见图2所示的独立的服务器180或计算机170上的软件。
在用于中间接口160的任意配置中,可以设想的是,接口自身具有数据存储能力,使得接口该可以存储在分布式数据库系统10的仪器中分布的部分或全部信息。在实施例中,托管后端软件的后端计算机170(图2)可以作为中间接口160来运行。计算机170/接口160可以擦除来自不同仪器12e的数据,并作为到分布式数据库系统10的其他仪器12的链路。计算机170/接口160还可以针对包括不同仪器12e的每台仪器12进行其他数据的擦除,例如,传感器输出和实验室结果,或者其他的第三方医疗信息。
中间接口160使得不同的仪器12e能够正常运行,但是从系统10来看,可以说它与仪器12a至12d和12f至12j是相同类型的(例如,相同的制造商或相同的型号)。中间接口160使得从分布式数据库系统10发送的用于不同仪器12e的数据能够与从系统10发送到仪器12a至12d和12f至12j的数据相同,并且使从不同仪器12e发送的数据能够以与从仪器12a至12d和12f至12j发送的数据在LAN 150内的格式相同的格式来提供。
如上所述,系统10的LAN 150将仪器12a至12j的群集连接在一起。图1B至图1D示出了LAN 150的不同示例类型。图1A、图2和图3的LAN150(包括下面讨论的LAN 150a至150d)可以是图1B至图1D中所示的任何类型,以及当今本领域技术人员已知的或将来开发的任何其他类型。
图1B示出了LAN 150在形式上可以设置为可以使用与动态主机配置协议(“DHCP”)服务器(未示出)一起运行的网络管理器路由器140和/或无线接入点142的类型。除了动态寻址之外,图1B的LAN 150还可以被配置为使用固定寻址。DHCP功能可以由路由器140来提供。图1B示出了LAN 150可以是有线的(仪器12a和12b)、无线的(仪器12c至12e)或者有线的和无线的(网络管理器路由器140经由数据通信链路144而连接到无线接入点142)。图1B的LAN 150的这种网络运行模式可以被称为“基础架构模式”。
图1C示出了可选的自组织(ad-hoc)网络LAN 150。自组织LAN 150是不依赖于网络基础设施的分散式网络,例如上面结合图1B讨论的网络管理器路由器140或无线接入点142。自组织LAN 150的每台仪器12a至12e直接发送信息至每台其他仪器12a至12e并且直接从每台其他仪器12a至12e接收信息而不需要中介或中央中枢。如图1C所示,自组织LAN 150的仪器12a至12e通常(但并非必须)以无线方式连接。
图1D示出了可选的电力线LAN 150。电力线网络使用AC电力线146将电力带到仪器12a至12d,从而额外地为各个仪器携带网络流量(虚线)。由于仪器12a至12d与电力线146的分支关系,电力线LAN 150常规(但并非必须)采用网络管理器148来引导进出仪器12a至12d的网络流量(虚线)。
现在参考图2,分布式数据库系统10的另一个实施例包括分别位于多个诊所或透析中心130a、130b、130c…130n(大圆圈通常表示诊所或透析中心的物理结构)中的多个分布式数据库10a、10b、10c…10n。诊所130a至130c(统称为诊所130或通常单独称为诊所130)可以是普通医疗组或网络的一部分,或者可以是分开的和单独的。仪器12(指上面的仪器12a至12j…12n)对于不同的诊所或透析中心可以是不同的。例如,诊所130a的仪器12可以是输注泵。诊所130b的仪器12可以是经由LAN 150a进行通信的血液透析机和经由LAN 150b进行通信的腹膜透析机。诊所130c的仪器12可以是血液透析机。三个诊所130a至130c仅仅是一个示例,可以有多于或少于三个诊所与分布式数据库系统10仪器一起运行。
诊所130a配备有与单个LAN 150一起运行以用于在某种意义上与多个仪器12进行协作的分布式数据库10a,该分布式数据库10a包括本文所讨论的任何代替结构。分布式数据库10a的LAN 150也连接到位于LAN内的多个个人计算机170。个人计算机170使得医生、临床医师、护士、服务人员等能够在治疗之前、期间和之后(i)查看分布式数据库10a的信息,(ii)向该数据库输入信息,和/或(iii)向该数据库存储信息。
诊所130a的分布式数据库10a的LAN 150还连接到一个或多个服务器计算机180。在实施例中,服务器计算机180用作对存储在仪器12上的信息的备份。如以下更详细讨论,分布式数据库10a的仪器进行周期性更新,使得它们具有一种思维或相同的思维,即更新每台仪器12,使得所有仪器12存储相同的数据。因此,每台仪器12a至12j均充当每台其他仪器12的备份。然而,在分布式数据库10a的每台仪器12a至12j因某种原因而损坏的情况下,可以提供服务器180作为附加保护。服务器180还可以存储可以从经由分布式数据库10a的LAN150进行通信的仪器12中移除的旧数据。例如,可以编程分布式数据库10a,使得每台仪器12a至12j存储与诊所130a相关联的患者的六个月或一年的数据。从仪器12a至12j的存储器中清除比时限更早的数据。然而,服务器180可以保留较旧的数据,以防由于某种原因而需要它。系统10的服务器180可以替代地或附加地管理不属于在仪器12a至12j之间进行共享的数据的信息。服务器180还可以负责诊所130c外部的接口。
如以下结合图9所讨论的,可以设想的是,以正在进行的或移动的趋势添加数据。每台仪器12a至12j存储了每个正在进行的或移动的趋势。因此,即使可以从仪器12中移除旧数据的实际值,但是,移除的数据仍然可以在仪器内保持而作为趋势的一部分。
服务器180可以经由有线连接182(例如以太网连接)或经由无线连接182(例如移动互联网连接,诸如UTMS、CDMA、HSPA或LTE)连接到广域网(“WAN”)或互联网。不论哪种情况,存储在服务器180处的数据可以与(i)其他透析中心130b、130c的服务器180(例如同一网络或组的透析中心)共享,(ii)与外部个人计算机170(例如计算机170a至170e共享,(iii)个人通信设备(“PCD”)175(例如,智能手机、平板电脑、寻呼机等)共享,以及(iv)与中央中枢190(例如透析中心130a至130c的组或网络的中央控制中心)共享。在所示实施例中,系统10的外部服务器180、个人计算机170a至170e、PCD 175和中央中枢190中的每一个均经由无线或有线互联网连接182连接至WAN或互联网。还可以设想的是,绕过或不提供服务器180,并且允许系统10的仪器12直接与个人通信设备(“PCD”)175(诸如智能手机和平板电脑)以及其他数据共享设备(诸如个人计算机、寻呼机、打印机、传真机、扫描仪及其组合等)进行通信。
在一个实施例中,诊所130a至130c内的个人计算机170被限制为访问专属于各诊所的信息。外部计算机170a到170e可能能够访问来自多个诊所130a至130c的数据,或者可以专用于单个诊所或一组诊所。外部计算机170a至170e可以是只读的,并且不能够存储和/或修改与诊所130a至130c相关联的数据。
如诊所130a至130c中的每一个所示,中央中枢190可以与诊所内的任何一个或多个服务器计算机180(180a,180b)进行有线或无线通信。可选地或另外地,如诊所130a中所示,中央中枢190可以直接与诊所内的任何一个或多个LAN 150进行有线或无线通信。所示实施例中的中央中枢190其具有自身的服务器计算机180,该服务器计算机180经由无线或有线互联网连接182而连接到WAN或互联网。中央中枢190可以是对于透析中心130a至130c的服务器180的附加数据备份。中央中枢190可以可选地或附加地追踪多个透析中心或医疗诊所130a至130c上的数据趋势和平均值。中央中枢190也可以执行其他职责,例如库存跟踪和实行。因此,可以设想的是,中央中枢190可以是与仪器12及其相关耗材的制造商相关联的工厂的一部分或者可以与之协同工作。还可以设想的是,绕过服务器180并且允许系统10的仪器12针对库存余额信息(例如透析器、超滤器、浓缩液、消毒液、血液组件(blood set)等)、计费或经济交易信息、和/或关于不同患者的实验室数据(例如,碳酸氢盐,钾浓度等)而直接与中枢190通信。
诊所或透析中心130b配备有两个或更多个分布式数据库10b和10c,它们分别与位于同一诊所或透析中心内的两个或更多个LAN 150a和150b一起运行。在上面给出的示例中,位于诊所130b内的仪器12可以是经由分布式数据库10b的LAN 150a进行通信的血液透析机和经由分布式数据库10c的LAN 150b进行通信的腹膜透析机。在另一个示例中,位于诊所130b内的仪器12可以是经由分布式数据库10b的LAN 150a进行通信的第一制造商的血液透析机和经由分布式数据库10c的LAN 150b进行通信的第二制造商的血液透析机。在进一步的示例中,位于诊所130b内的仪器12可以是经由分布式数据库10b的LAN 150a进行通信的第一医疗输送泵和经由分布式数据库10c的LAN 150b进行通信的第二医疗输送泵。分布式数据库10b和10c的独立LAN 150a和150b通常对具有共同输入参数和输出数据的仪器进行分组。分布式数据库10b和10c的LAN 150a和150b也可以基于地理位置来划分,例如,LAN150a和150b可以各自与相同类型的仪器12一起运行,但由于它们位于诊所130b的不同房间或区域而进行划分。
PCD 175使用本领域技术人员已知的移动互联网连接(例如UTMS、CDMA、HSPA或LTE)或卫星协议而通过WAN或互联网与服务器180(180a,180b)、中央中枢190、个人计算机170、其他PCD以及可能直接与仪器12进行通信。PCD 175可以由医生、临床医生、护士来携带(例如,在诊所或透析中心130a至130c内部或外部)。患者也可以使用PCD 175,例如在治疗期间(i)提供关于其当前的治疗或病史的反馈,(ii)自我评估,和/或(iii)向护士或临床医生提问以便在当前治疗期间或在后续治疗期间作出解答。
通过PCD 175和个人计算机170对存储在分布式数据库10b和10c的仪器12上的数据所进行的访问可以受到密码保护。还可以设想的是,将存储在分布式数据库10b和10c的仪器12中的数据划分成患者标识数据和患者非标识数据,并且限制对任何患者标识数据的访问。例如,患者标识数据可以仅限于位于诊所130a至130c内且与分布式数据库10a至10d的特定LAN 150相关联的医生、护士或临床医生。另一方面,对于位于诊所130a至130c外部的人(例如与诊所或仪器12的制造及其耗材相关联的销售人员,负责技术服务的人员,以及监测仪器运行情况并实施预防性更新的仪器12的制造商),非标识数据可能是可使用的。与制造商相关联的上述职员和雇员可以例如位于中央中枢190处。
即使在患者标识数据和患者非标识数据的类别中,也可以设想分布式数据库系统10来限制该类别内的数据访问级别。例如,在患者标识数据的类别中,可能存在高、中和低访问级别,其中医生具有高访问权限,临床医生和护士具有中等访问权限,而患者具有低访问权限(例如,对其自身的数据据进行限制)。可以指定管理员而根据需要来维护和修改访问级别。在一个实施例中,访问级别与医生、临床医师、护士和患者的密码相捆绑,从而在登录时自动建立适当的访问级别。访问级别还可以应用于仪器12,使得医生、临床医师、护士和/或患者可以登录到任何仪器并被限制在适当的访问级别。
所示实施例中诊所或透析中心130b的分布式数据库10b和10c的每个LAN 150a和150b均连接到其自身的具有WAN或互联网连接182的服务器计算机180(180a,180b)。分布式数据库10b和10c的每个LAN 150a和150b还能够与个人计算机170进行通信。至少一个用于诊所130b的个人计算机170可以通过LAN 150a和150b二者与分布式数据库10b和10c进行通信。诊所或透析中心130b还包括仅与分布式数据库10b进行通信的服务器计算机180a和经由LAN 150a和150b二者与分布式数据库10b和10c两者进行通信的第二服务器计算机180b。服务器计算机180a和180b可以具有或不具有WAN或互联网连接182。
诊所或透析中心130b还示出一个或多个仪器(例如仪器12k)可以与多个分布式数据库10b和10c一起运行。在不同分布式数据库10b和10c中同步的数据可以不同,并且其也可以是不同类型的数据。例如,分布式数据库10b可以用于共享医疗信息,而分布式数据库10c用于共享后端信息,例如仪器设置信息(例如,仪器的语言或仪器的用户界面外观)。如图3详细讨论的那样,主治疗信息分布式数据库(例如数据库10b)的每台仪器也可以是另一个分布式数据库(例如数据库10c)的成员。
诊所或透析中心130c配备有分布式数据库10d,该分布式数据库10d具有支持多个医疗仪器12的单个LAN 150。布置位于诊所130c内的各个个人计算机170经由LAN 150而彼此间进行数据通信。具有上述功能的服务器计算机180a和180b同样布置成经由LAN 150与分布式数据库10d进行数据通信。因此,本文讨论的任何分布式数据库或LAN可以连接到两个或更多个服务器计算机180。
诊所130c还示出感测装置或其他医疗设备185还可以经由LAN 150通过诸如以太网、Wi-Fi或蓝牙连接之类的有线或无线连接182与分布式数据库10d进行通信。感测装置或医疗设备185例如可以是诊所130c的LAN150的仪器12的患者所使用的体重秤。每位患者在治疗前和/或治疗后都对其自身进行称重。然后,这些体重通过LAN 150以有线或无线的方式传输到患者当天治疗所使用的仪器12,例如,病人当天治疗所决定或需要使用的仪器12。例如,患者可以扫描他或她的身份证,或者在体重秤和仪器12两者上输入身份证号码,从而使得所进行的体重测量和特定的仪器12可以匹配。或者,传感器读数被存储在感测设备185(例如秤或血压测量装置)上,此后患者当天使用的仪器12询问来自一个或多个传感器的读数。
进一步可选地,感测设备185将读数发送到分布式数据库10d的所有仪器12。这里,在一个实施例中,体重值例如以特定患者的记录或文件的形式而存储在仪器中。
可以使用上述方法中的任何一种将来自血压测量装置185的读数与特定仪器12进行匹配。上述方法中的任何一种也可以用于将来自葡萄糖监测器的葡萄糖测量值与特定仪器12进行匹配。诊所130a至130c中的任何一个都可以使用或采用这样的设备185。设备185还可以包括与急救室或透析中心相关联的任何生理感测设备,例如心电图(“ECG”)、水处理设备、床秤、访问断连装置、生物阻抗测量设备、pH传感器、实验室测试设备、血液样本分析仪和/或存储在PCD 175上的心理状态应用。
应当理解的是,感测设备185并非必须时是非专用感测设备,而是可以是专用于仪器12的一个或多个感测设备,例如经由USB连接、电连接、气动连接(例如气动压力测量装置)、有线或无线(例如,使用蓝牙、Wi-Fi或ZigBee)。这里的感测设备数据185与正在仪器12上治疗的患者相关联,并且如本文所述,通过分布式数据库系统10使其他仪器可以访问。
尽管图2的分布式数据库系统10示出了多个服务器计算机180、个人计算机170、PCD 175和中央中枢190,但是应该理解的是,这些设备都不需要维护系统10。分布式数据库系统10的分布式数据库10a至10d的每台仪器12定期进行更新,以存储与LAN的每台其他仪器12相同的数据。服务器计算机180、个人计算机170、PCD 175和中央中枢190不需要执行更新。相反,例如,个人计算机和PCD 175可用于查看存储在分布式数据库系统10的仪器12上的数据,而个人计算机170、服务器计算机180和中央中枢190可用于数据备份、展示趋势和/或分析。
诊所130c还示出了仪器12i,其不沿LAN 150而存在,因此不是分布式数据库10d的一部分。仪器12i仍然是本公开的整个分布式数据库系统10的一部分,然而,因为仪器12i可以在任何时候成为分布式数据库10d的一部分,此时分布式数据库10d的所有仪器12的共有数据被更新。同时,使用本地存储的处方参数等并且运行可能不是当前的软件在断开的仪器12i处执行治疗。系统10可以使仪器12i的用户知道其状态。
现在参考图3,进一步示出了分布数据库系统10。如上面结合图2中诊所130b的仪器12k所讨论的,每台仪器12可以是多个分布式数据库的一部分。在图3中,仪器12a和12b属于分别与LAN 150a和150b一起运行的分布式数据库10a和10b。仪器12c和12d属于分别与LAN 150a和150c一起运行的分布式数据库10a和10c。仪器12e属于分别与LAN150b和150d一起运行的分布式数据库10b和10d。仪器12f属于分别与LAN 150c和150d一起运行的分布式数据库10c和10d。在可选实施例中,任意一个或多个仪器12可以属于三个或更多个分布式数据库。
分布式数据库10a至10d也可以按仪器或装置类型分组。例如,仪器12a至12d可以是药物输送泵或IV泵,而仪器12e和12f是其他类型的装置,诸如氧气机或感测设备(例如,葡萄糖监测)。分布式数据库10b可以专用于连接到两个IV泵12a和12b以及氧气机12e的第一患者。分布式数据库10c可以专用于连接到两个IV泵12c和12d以及葡萄糖监测器12f的第二患者。患者数据库10b和10c中的每一个都可以具有共同的处方,例如用于操作泵12a、12b并且用于为第一患者并入氧气机12e,以及用于操作泵12c、12d并且用于为第二患者并入葡萄糖监测器12f。分布式数据库10a共享跨多个患者的IV泵数据,而分布式数据库10d共享跨多个患者的氧气机12e和葡萄糖监测器12f数据。因此分布式数据库(例如数据库10a和10d)可以专用于一个患者、一组类似的仪器或一组类似的功能,例如生理感测。
属于多个分布式数据库10a至10d的仪器12允许整个系统10例如在一个分布式数据库10a到10d中共享医疗相关的数据,例如,软件更新和软件配置,而在另一个分布式数据库10a到10d中共享医疗数据,例如,处方输入数据和治疗输出数据。这样做允许对不同的分布式数据库进行不同的管理,例如,一个分布式数据库可以是实时数据库,而另一个分布式数据库可以按设定的间隔进行更新,例如在班次或工作日结束时更新。
不同的分布式数据库10a至10d可以执行不同的任务,从而导致整个系统10非常灵活。在图3中,例如假定仪器12a至12d执行血液透析滤过(“HDF”),而仪器12e和12f执行血液透析(“HD”)。分布式数据库10a相应地提供处方参数并收集HDF的治疗输出数据,而分布式数据库10d对于HD做同样的事。然后,分布式数据库10b和10c用于分别基于仪器组12a、12b、12e和组12c、12d、12f之间的一些共性来共享数据。例如,仪器组12a、12b、12e可以具有不同于仪器组12c、12d、12f的语言或用户界面外观。分布式数据库10b和10c提供并追踪这些不同的语言或用户界面外观。
或者,仪器组12a、12b、12e和组12c、12d、12f可以要求不同的待监测实时数据。例如,仪器组12a、12b、12e可以专用于特定类别的患者,例如婴儿,其中必须非常紧密地监测操作压力极限。
图3的系统10允许数据库10b和10c成为与主治疗分布式数据库10a和10d分开并因此不能中断的实时警报分布式数据库。分布式数据库10b还能够将用于专用共享实时警报目的(例如婴儿)的仪器组12a、12b、12e与用于仪器组12c、12d、12f(例如,正常成人仪器组)的分布式数据库10c的共享实时警报分开。
实时警报数据(其不限于多个分布式数据库场景并且在本申请中的其他地方进行了描述)允许护士和临床医生看到在不同房间、墙壁另一侧或者诊所的另一端所发生的警报。警报的指示可以与用户界面14的角落中的小脉动图标(参见图8A、图8B、图10)一样简单,并且指示哪个仪器12正在警报。护士或临床医生可以按图标以了解更多有关正在发生哪种警报的信息。该图标可以具有两种或更多种类型:(i)用于提示需要更多的警报与(ii)用于引发更多关注的报警警报。可选地,例如用编号来设置多个图标以指示警报的类型,例如,编号1的图标=血液泄漏警报,编号2的图标=UF率警报,编号3的图标=静脉压力警报等。
在图3的仪器12a至12f内示出的每个圆圈可以代表仪器内的不同存储器18(见图10)或仪器内相同存储器18的独立区域。分布式数据库10a和10d可以根据以下结合图4A至图7C所讨论的任意相同或不同的方法而在相同或不同的时间进行更新和同步。实时数据也可以根据以下结合图4A和图6B所讨论的方法来共享,主要区别在于,不是仅通过常规治疗所执行(例如,在当天的结尾)的从“开始”到“结束”的流程图而运行一次,而是以期望的频率用图4A至图6B中的至少一种方法而从“结束”到“开始”来循环实施数据的循环,以便寻求例如新的适当的实时警报、数据。
尽管可以设想系统10允许实时数据共享,但是也可以设想该系统实施关于这种共享的保护措施。例如,在实施例中,诸如下载新软件和服务仪器12之类的某些功能只能在仪器12未执行治疗(例如处于服务模式、处于休眠模式或处于其他禁用状态)的治疗之后发生。在仪器运行但未连接病人的情况下,在消毒模式过程中可能会传输某些附加数据。然而,当连接患者时,可以操作系统10以注意不传递可能中断治疗或打扰患者的任何数据。
在实施例中,实时治疗数据不是永久存储在任意仪器12中。例如,只要治疗正在进行,就可以存储实时数据,从而可以如本文所详细描述的那样在概要屏幕中查看,或者保持更长时间,例如一周、几周或几个月。当任意仪器12a至12j的治疗完成时,或实时数据存储时间到期时,其实时数据可被清除。永久存储所有的实时治疗数据可能会过快的充满存储器。通常,永久存储的值是总值、算术平均值,平均值或其他组合或统计相关的值。
不同的分布式数据库10a至10d可以基于例如它们所传递并允许访问的医疗相关数据是哪种类型而具有不同的更新速度。实时数据库10可以具有高频更新速度(例如,微秒、秒、分钟),而诸如库存和/或人员配置数据库10的数据库的管理类型可以以较慢的速度进行更新,诸如每小时、每天或每个班次一次。
现在参考图4A,方法200示出了用于将标记数据或元数据分配给由本公开分布式数据库系统10共享的新数据的一个实施例。方法200可以被用作子例程,并且在椭圆202处,方法200开始。在框204处,生成新的数据或数据记录。新数据可以是以下任意数据:(i)处方输入参数或数据(例如仪器操作参数)、(ii)治疗输出数据(例如,UF移除、移动的总血量、消耗的总透析液体积、消耗的肝素体积、警报和治疗效果测量Kt/V等)、(iii)技术输入数据(例如,校准、警报限制等)、(iv)技术输出数据(例如实际部件使用、传感器测量等)和(v)由分布式数据库10的任意仪器12生成或输入到分布式数据库10的任意仪器12中的管理数据(例如库存数据和人员配置数据)。新数据可以是数据阵列,例如在特定时间生成的治疗输出数据的快照(例如,来自在规定时间运行的仪器12的所有压力传感器的压力读数)。以这种方式,标记数据或元数据可以代表更大的数据集合,从而不必使每个新的单独的数据都有标记数据或元数据。因此,新数据代表单个新数据或新数据的阵列。
在框206处,生成新数据(例如,数据阵列)的仪器12生成(i)唯一性记录标识(“id”)、(ii)时间标识、以及(iii)散列和(hash)或新数据的校验和。唯一性记录id标识仪器12和该仪器的序列号,它们创建新的数据。因此,在图1A中,如果仪器12c以序列号0000000444创建新数据,则唯一性id可以是12c:0000000444。实质上,唯一性id为新数据提供了一个家(home)(共享分布式数据库系统10的特定的仪器或计算机)和家中的一个位置,即序列号。
散列和标识新数据(例如数据阵列)的实际内容。例如,假设新的数据阵列包含六个压力读数[a,b,c,x,y,z]。可以为这些读数生成散列总和hs002500,以便hs002500=[a,b,c,x,y,z]。hs002500现在代表六个压力读数。系统10的仪器12因此不必寻找特定的压力读数;相反,仪器看是否存在hs002500。如以下更详细的解释,散列和可以在从传送方仪器传送之后由分布式数据库的被传送方仪器来重新计算。然后被传送方仪器可以比较传送后和计算后的散列和,以确认该数据在传送期间没有损坏,或者如果检测到数据损坏则引发系统错误。被传送方仪器可以要求传送方仪器重新发送数据预定次数,在每次传送之后检查数据损坏,并且仅在预定义数量的数据传送中的每次传送后发现数据损坏之后才引发系统错误。
时间标识标识生成新数据(例如,数据阵列)的时间。例如,对于2015年5月30日上午8:15创建的数据,时间标识可以是30/05/15/8:15a。时间标识用于当对于相同的唯一性id的两个散列和不匹配时确定哪个数据向前移动。在实施例中,选择与较晚时间标识对应的散列和,如以下结合图5B所示的那样。因此,数据阵列[a,b,c,x,y,z]的标记数据或元数据的完整记录组可以为(i)唯一性id 12c:0000000444,(ii)时间标识30/05/15/8:15a,和(iii)散列和hs002500或12c:0000000444;30/05/15/8:15a;hs002500。
方法200的方框208、210和212均涉及计算和更新多个渐增的时间段的散列和。在所示实施例中,时间段包括日、月和多个月。或者,时间段可以是班次、日、星期和月份。可以根据需要而有多个不同的时间段,例如三到六个时间段。时间段可以是任何期望的持续时间,例如分钟、小时、班次、日、星期、月、年等。为了便于描述,图4A的示例的其余部分使用日、月和多个月的时间段。
在框208处,生成新数据(例如,数据阵列)的仪器12计算或更新该仪器在同一个月中的同一天或二十四小时的时间段内所生成的所有散列和的“日散列”。例如,“日散列30/5/15”可以等于或包括特定仪器12的hs002500到hs010000。“日散列”计算例如可以在每天结束时执行。
在框210处,生成新数据(例如,数据阵列)的仪器12计算或更新该仪器在当前月内所生成的所有散列和的“月散列”。例如,“月散列”可以等于或包括日散列1/5/15到日散列31/5/15。“月散列”计算例如也在每天结束时进行,或者几天(例如,一周)结束时进行。
在框212处,生成新数据(例如,数据阵列)的仪器12计算或更新该仪器在当前年内所生成的所有散列和的“总散列”,例如“总散列2015”例如可以等于或包括“月散列一月”到“月散列五月”。“总散列”计算例如可以在每周结束时或每月月底时在仪器12上执行。
在椭圆214处,方法200结束。
现在参考图4B,方法220示出了用于将来自一个仪器12的数据发送到分布式数据库系统10的所有其他仪器12的一个实施例。方法220可以用作子例程,并且在椭圆222处,方法220开始。如上所述,单个仪器12或仪器12的集合可以向系统10的所有其他仪器12b至12j发送。例如,在图1中,单个仪器12a可以将其新数据发送到系统10的所有其他(在线)仪器12b至12j。或者,来自仪器12a、12b和12c的汇总的新数据可以被发送到系统10的所有其他(在线)仪器12d至12j。汇总数据可以优化(最小化)新数据推送的数量,从而减少错误的可能性。因此,应该理解的是,方法220可以从发送其新数据的单个仪器12的角度来看待或者作为发送其共同的新数据的仪器(例如,12a,12b,12c)的集合来看待。
在框224处,仪器12(或仪器12的集合)选择当前在线的系统10的新仪器12(如果使用集合的话则位于集合的外部)。在框226处,将新数据连同图4A中描述的数据标记或元数据一起发送到最近选择的仪器。在框228处,接收仪器12为接收的新数据条目计算其自身的散列和。在菱形框230处,接收仪器12确定接收到的散列和是否不同于最近计算的散列和。如果在菱形框230处,接收的散列和不同于最近计算的散列和,则新选择的仪器12通知发送仪器12(单个仪器12或向所选仪器12发送新数据的集合的代表仪器12)散列和不匹配。在接收到散列和不匹配时,发送仪器12重复框226的发送步骤,并且重复框226与菱形框228之间的循环,直到在菱形框230处,接收到的散列和与最近计算的散列和相同,最终确保发送和接收仪器12之间的数据传送未被破坏。
当在菱形框230处确定所接收的散列和与最近计算的散列和相同时,发送仪器12(单个仪器12或集合的代表仪器12)确定是否存在另一个仪器12(如果使用集合的话则位于集合外部)发送新的数据。如果是,那么重复方法220的步骤224至232,直到方法220结束时没有新仪器(在菱形框232处的确定)为止,如椭圆234所示。
现在参照图5A和5B,方法300示出了分布式数据库系统10的两个仪器12(例如图1A的仪器12a至12j中的任何两个)怎样彼此同步的一个示例,即检查他们是否共享相同的数据,如果它们不共享相同的数据,则根据需要相互更新,以使两台仪器共享相同的数据。在椭圆302处,方法300开始。从下面可以看出,方法300包含结合图4A所示的数据标记或元数据。
在菱形框304处,方法300确定图4A所执行的分布式数据库系统10的第一仪器12(例如,仪器12a)的总散列计算是否不等于图4A所执行的分布式数据库系统10的第二仪器12(例如,仪器12b)的总散列计算。在一个实施例中,在一个仪器上执行仪器12a的总散列(总散列A)与仪器12b的总散列(总散列B)的比较。可以设置协议使得具有较低或较早标识号码的仪器执行比较,例如,与剩余的仪器12b至12j相比,仪器12a执行比较;与剩余的仪器12c至12j相比,仪器12b执行比较,以此类推。在另一个协议中,两台仪器均执行比较以创建结果检查。在此,可以设置具有较低或较早号码的仪器执行第一比较。如果仪器12a执行的总散列比较与仪器12b执行的总散列比较的结果不相同,则方法300以系统错误结束,使得系统10提示管理员寻求帮助。以上两个协议和/或其替代方案可以用于图5A的菱形框304、308、312、318和320处执行的每个查询。
如果在菱形框304处的查询答复为否(表示仪器12a的总散列与仪器12b的总散列相等),则两个仪器12a和12b完全同步。方法300在椭圆322处结束。
如果在菱形框304处的查询答复为是(表示仪器12a的总散列不等于仪器12b的总散列),则方法300深度查看散列和以确定问题出在哪里。在框306处,仪器12a或12b的比较(或者,如果是两台仪器进行比较,则是指先执行比较的那台仪器)选择下个月。在实施例中,选择的第一个月是当前月份,因为之前的月份可能已经被同步,导致不匹配的可能性很可能存在于当前月份中。
在菱形框308处,进行比较的仪器12a或12b(或者如上所述仪器12a或12b两者)对框306处选择的月确定仪器A的月散列(月散列A)是否不等于仪器B的月散列(月散列B)。如果菱形框306的查询的答复为否(表示月散列A等于月散列B),则方法300进行到菱形框320,菱形框320查询是否有另一月要分析。如果查询320的答复为否,并且没有其他月要分析,则方法300结束,如椭圆322所示。如果查询320的答复为是,并且还有其他月要分析,则方法300返回框306处以选择另一个月(例如,第一个之前的月,然后是第二个之前的月,以此类推),之后重复刚刚在框306菱形框308和菱形框320之间描述的循环,直到在菱形框308处出现月散列A与月散列B的不匹配或者没有其他月存在为止,如菱形框320处的所确定的那样。
如果菱形框304处的总散列查询得出存在不匹配,但框306、菱形框308和菱形框320之间的月循环显示没有不匹配,则方法300以系统错误结束,使得系统10提示管理员寻求帮助。
当方法300在菱形框308处发现发生不匹配的月时,方法300接下来查找发生不匹配的月的一个或多个日。在框310处,进行比较的仪器12a或12b(或者,如果两台仪器比较的话,则指首先执行比较的仪器)选择下一天。在实施例中,选择的第一天是当天,因为前几天可能已经被同步,使得不匹配的可能性很可能发生在当天。
在菱形框312处,进行比较的仪器12a或12b(或者如上所述仪器12a或12b两者)对框310处所选择的日确定仪器A的日散列(日散列A)是否不等于仪器B的日散列(日散列B)。如果框306的查询答复为否(表示日散列A等于日散列B),则方法300进行到菱形框318,其询问是否有其他日要分析。如果对查询318的答复为否,并且当前月没有其他日要分析,则方法300询问是否有其他月(例如,另一个之前的月份)要分析,如包括菱形框320的循环所讨论的那样。
如果查询318的答复为是,并且还有其他日要分析,则方法300返回到框310以选择另一天(例如,第一个前一天,第二个前一天,以此类推),之后重复刚刚在框310、菱形框312和菱形框318之间描述的循环,直到在菱形框308处发生日散列A与日散列B的不匹配或者没有其他日存在为止,如菱形框318处所确定的那样。
如果菱形框308处的月查询得出存在月内的不匹配,但是框310、菱形框312和菱形框318之间的循环显示该月没有日散列不匹配,则方法300以系统错误结束,使得系统10提示管理员寻求帮助。
当方法300在菱形框308处找到发生不匹配的日时,方法300进行到框314和316所示的散列A和散列B同步步骤。在框314处,针对数据不匹配日期,将日散列A同步到仪器12b。在框316处,针对数据不匹配日期,将日散列B同步到仪器12a。下面结合图5B讨论框314和316的子例程。但是,首先应该理解的是,一旦在菱形框304处确定总散列A与总散列B不同,那么在散列和中可能存在多个天和多个月的不匹配。因此,即使对月内规定的日执行了框314和316的同步之后,该相同月内可能有一个或多个其他日需要框314和316的同步。同样,即使经由框314和316对第一个月的一个或多个日进行同步之后,也可能存在总散列A和总散列B的一个或多个附加月的一个或多个日,如框306到菱形框320所定义的循环内所确定的,需要框314和316的同步。
一旦仪器12a和12b不再有月需要同步,如框306至菱形框320所定义的循环所确定的那样,则方法300结束,如椭圆322所示。
现在参考图5B,方法350示出了图5A的方法300的框314和316所使用的子例程的一个实施例。在图5B中,X是框314和316中的初始或“开始”仪器。因此,X是框314中的仪器12a以及框316中的仪器12b。同样,Y是框314中的仪器12b以及框316中的仪器12a。在椭圆352处,方法350开始。
在框354处,仪器X选择新创建的待分析数据或数据阵列。在一个实施例中,仪器X知道最近的待分析唯一性id,并在框354处选择待分析序列中的下一个唯一性id。
在菱形框356处,方法350询问Y仪器当前是否存储了对应的唯一性标识。如果答复是否,并且仪器Y还没有包含被分析的唯一性标识记录,则仪器X复制并且将唯一性标识记录(连同其时间标识、散列和及相应的实际数据)替换到仪器Y。
如果菱形框356处的答复为是,并且仪器Y已经包含被分析的唯一性id记录,则方法350确定仪器X的当前记录散列是否不等于仪器Y的当前记录散列,如菱形框358处所确定的那样。如果答复为否,并且记录散列X等于记录散列Y,则对于这个唯一性标识不需要进一步的动作,并且方法350进行到菱形框366以查看是否存在下一个唯一性标识。
如果菱形框358处的答复为是,并且记录散列X不等于记录散列Y,则在菱形框360处的方法350确定哪个仪器的时间标识靠后。如果仪器X的时间标记晚于仪器Y的时间标记,则仪器X在框362处复制并将唯一性标识记录(连同其时间标记、散列和及相应的实际数据)替换到仪器Y。接下来,在菱形框363处,仪器Y检查唯一性id记录(连同其时间标识、散列和及相应的实际数据)是否被正确地传送给仪器Y。在一个实施例中,仪器Y计算其自身的散列和并将其与从仪器X接收到的散列和进行比较(如结合图4B的方法220所讨论的那样),以确定记录是否被正确传送。如果不是(例如计算出的散列和不等于接收到的散列和),则仪器Y向仪器X发送相应的消息,并且仪器X重复框362的步骤。重复框362和菱形框363的循环,直到记录被正确传送(例如,计算出的散列和等于接收到的散列和)。
相反,如果仪器Y的时间标识晚于仪器X的时间标识,则仪器Y在框364复制并将唯一性标识记录(连同其时间标识、散列和及相应的实际数据)替换到仪器X。接下来,在菱形框365处,仪器X检查记录(连同其时间标识、散列和及相应的实际数据)是否被正确地传送到仪器X。在一个实施例中,仪器X计算其自身的散列和并将其与从仪器Y接收的散列和进行比较(如结合图4B的方法220所讨论的那样),以确定记录是否被正确传送。如果不是(例如计算出的散列和不等于接收到的散列和),则仪器X向仪器Y发送相应的消息,并且仪器Y重复框364的步骤。重复框364和菱形框365的循环,直到记录被正确传送(例如,计算出的散列和等于接收到的散列和)。
在菱形框363或365的验证步骤之后,方法350使菱形块366处的仪器X查找序列中的下一个唯一性id。如果存在序列中的下一个唯一性id,则方法350重复从框354到菱形框366的顺序。最后,仪器X运行完新数据以检查与仪器Y的同步,针对菱形框366的否定响应所表示的那样,此时方法350在椭圆368处结束。此外,在图5A中,例如任何两个仪器12a和12b都有机会成为图5B的X仪器和Y仪器。
现在参考图5C,方法370示出了用于验证存储在任意仪器12中的数据是正确的并且没有损坏的一个实施例。在实施例中,分布式数据库系统10的每台仪器12编程为在某个周期性的基础(例如,在每次通电时,在从睡眠模式被唤醒时,每小时,每天,在每个班次的开始或结束时,在每次治疗的开始或结束时,每周,每月或在某个其他期望的时间段)上执行方法370。
在椭圆372处,方法370开始。在框374处,特定仪器12a至12j选择下个月的数据值进行验证。在框376处,特定仪器12a至12j选择在所选月内的次日的数据值以进行验证。在方框378处,特定仪器12a至12j选择下一个数据(或数据阵列)以针对所选月的所选日进行验证。在方框380处,特定仪器12a至12j为所选数据(或数据阵列)计算新的散列和。在菱形框382处,特定仪器12a到12j比较数据(或数据阵列)的当前(先前计算的)散列和与新计算的数据(或数据阵列)的散列和。
如果对菱形框382的答复是,并且数据(或数据阵列)的当前(先前计算的)散列和不等于数据(或数据阵列)的新计算的散列和,则特定仪器12a至12j采取校正动作(如框384所示)以响应特定数据(或数据阵列)已损坏的判断。在实施例中,框384处的校正动作包括删除与当前(先前计算的)散列和相关联的已损坏数据(或数据阵列)。被删除的数据将通过接下来结合图6A和图6B所讨论的同步程序(其适用了图4A、图5A和图5B的子例程)而自动地进行替换。在另一个实施例中,框384处的校正动作包括当在菱形框386处获悉数据损坏,自动调用下面结合图6A和图6B所讨论的同步程序。仪器12可以例如编程为与分布式数据库系统10的下一个下游仪器12同步,例如具有已损坏数据的仪器12a与仪器12b同步、仪器12b与仪器12c同步、仪器12j与仪器12a同步,以此类推。
在校正动作框384之后,或者如果对菱形框382的答复为否,并且数据(或数据阵列)的当前(先前计算的)散列和等于数据(或数据阵列)的新计算的散列和,那么特定仪器12a到12j在菱形框386处查询是否有其他特定日的数据记录要进行验证。如果是,则重复框378和菱形框386之间的循环,直到没有特定日的新数据记录要进行验证,此时,特定仪器12a到12j在框388处计算所选日的新散列和(对应于到图4A的框208)。
在框388之后,特定仪器12a至12j在菱形框390处查询在具有数据的所选月中是否有其他日要进行验证。如果是,则重复框376和菱形框390之间的循环,直到在具有数据记录的所选月中没有新的天要进行验证为止,此时,特定仪器12a至12j在框392处计算所选月的新的月散列和(对应于图4A的框210)。
在框392之后,特定仪器12a至12j菱形框394处查询在具有数据的总散列中是否有其他月要验证。如果是,则重复框374和菱形框394之间的循环,直到在具有数据记录的总散列和计算内没有新的月要验证,此时,特定仪器12a至12j在框396处计算新的总散列和(对应于图4A的框212)。
在框396之后,方法370在椭圆398处结束。所示的图5C的方法370针对仪器的总散列和的所有月、日和记录用仪器基准对该仪器进行数据验证。不仅是对仪器12的所有数据进行验证,还验证新的总散列和,例如,总的日散列和、总的月散列和以及总散列和。以这种方式,如果已损坏的数据已经被发送到分布式数据库系统10的任意其他仪器12,则将通过下面讨论的同步程序在系统10的其他仪器12中进行校正。
图4A、图5A和图5B的方法是用于图6A的“推—拉”式方法400和图6B的“拉取”方法的构建模框。现在参照图6A,方法400示出了可以在分布式数据库系统10上实现的用于更新仪器12的一种方法,使得每台仪器12均包括接收特定类型的治疗的诊所130内的每个患者的全部数据。方法400是数据同步模式的示例,在该示例中,仪器12在菱形框404和框408之间将新数据“推送”到分布式数据库系统10的其他仪器12,并且在框410和菱形框414之间“拉取”回来自对方的数据。方法400可以允许每台仪器12轮流向系统10的其他仪器12或者仪器12的集合推送数据。方法400用于分布式数据库系统10的一个仪器。因此方法400将为系统10的每台仪器12或者系统10的仪器12的集合重复。
在椭圆402处,方法400开始。在仪器12已经完成输液治疗的时候可以开始数据更新。例如,如果诊所或透析中心130在上午8点到下午7点之间提供治疗,则方法400可以在晚上晚些时候自动开始,例如在仪器12已经被清洁并为下一个治疗班次或第二天做好准备时或在这之后的晚上11点。分布式数据库系统10的仪器12在晚上11:00时可能都在休眠或者处于睡眠模式。如果需要,方法400将分布式数据库系统10的每台仪器12从睡眠模式中唤醒以执行方法400。
用于给定仪器12(或仪器12的集合)的菱形框404以及框406和408生成该仪器的任何新数据并将其发送到分布式数据库系统10的所有其他仪器。在菱形框404处,仪器12确定其是否具有任何新的数据要发送。如果答复为是,则有新的数据要发送,仪器12在框406处执行图4A的方法200的标记数据或元数据。仪器12然后在框408处将标记的新数据(包括唯一性标识记录、时间标识、散列和及相应的实际数据)推送到当前在线并且根据一个实施例中图4B的方法220能够接收标记的新数据的分布式数据库系统10的每台其他仪器12。
应当理解的是,可以执行步骤404至408(i)以便在创建了已标记的新数据时将它们分别单独推送到其他仪器,或者(ii)以便收集该日或时间段的所有新数据,并将所收集的数据作为一个包发送到分布式数据库系统10的所有在线的其他仪器12。当没有仪器12的其他新数据时(如菱形框404所确定的那样),方法400移动到同步(“拉取”)部分以同步与可能已经离线的任何其他仪器12进行同步。
在框410、412和菱形框414处执行方法400的同步部分。步骤404至408中的同一仪器12(或仪器12的集合)现在在框410处选取分布式数据库系统10的另一仪器12以查看是否有数据需要同步。在实施例中,仪器12选取下一个寻址的仪器,然后再选取接下来的仪器,以此类推。例如,仪器12a首先选取仪器12b,然后选取仪器12c,以此类推。最后寻址的仪器挑选第一台寻址的仪器,然后按顺序进行,例如,仪器12j选取仪器12a,然后选取仪器12b,以此类推。
在框412处,规定仪器12及其所选仪器12执行图5A和图5B中所示的同步序列。同步序列提供在规定仪器12与其所选仪器12之间的任何丢失数据,这些丢失数据是由于例如一个或两个仪器在其他仪器生成新数据时已经离线而造成的。在菱形框414处,所选仪器12检查是否存在要与其同步的分布式数据库系统10的其他仪器12。如果是,则再次执行步骤410至414,直到所选仪器12已经与分布式数据库系统10的每台在线的其他仪器彼此同步为止,之后方法400结束,如椭圆416所示。
然后针对分布式数据库系统10的每台仪器12(或仪器12的集合)执行方法400。以这种方式,每台仪器12(i)将其新数据发送到系统10的每台其他仪器12,并且(ii)与系统10的每台其他仪器同步。因此,当患者到达诊所或透析中心130(例如第二天)时,患者可以被带到分布式数据库系统10的任何仪器12a至12j。该仪器将具有病人的完整治疗史。仪器还将具有患者的优选治疗设置,或者可能具有患者的多套设置或优选设置的范围,简化护士或临床医生的治疗设置,并优化患者的治疗结果。
一个可替代的“推送”实施例(未示出)是辐射(hub and spoke)型推送。其中一台仪器充当中枢仪器,而分布式数据库系统10的其他仪器充当轮辐。这里,集群中的一个或多个仪器(例如仪器12a)接收来自所有其他仪器12b至12j的数据。仪器12b至12j均可以根据中枢仪器12a所请求的顺序发送它们各自的数据。中枢仪器12a随后将按照发送到中枢仪器12a的数据发送顺序存储来自仪器12b至12j的数据。一旦用来自分布式数据库系统10的所有其他仪器的数据完全更新了中枢仪器12a,中枢仪器12a就将包括仪器12a的数据的总数据发送到分布式数据库系统10中的所有其他仪器12b至12j,这可以根据中枢仪器12a所要求的顺序再来一次。最后,例如十台仪器中的每一台应该具有来自分布式数据库系统的每一台其他仪器的相同数据。
现在参考图6B,方法430示出了可以在分布式数据库系统10上实现的用于更新仪器12的另一种方法,使得每台仪器12包括诊所130内每个患者的所有数据,或者包括每个患者的所有数据以接收诊所130内的特定治疗类型。方法430是数据同步模式的示例,其中,仪器12从本文所述的仪器的集合或分布式数据库系统10的其他仪器12中“拉取”新的数据。方法430是用于本文所述仪器12的集合或者用于分布式数据库系统10中的一个仪器。因此方法400将对系统的每台仪器12或仪器12的集合重复。
在椭圆432处,方法430开始。步骤434和436非常类似于图6A的方法400的步骤404和步骤406。根据图4A的方法200执行步骤436。但是,在此,仪器12立即在步骤434和436处标记其全部新数据,但不将其发送到分布式数据库系统10的其他仪器12。在方法430中没有方法400的步骤408。取而代之的是,新数据经由步骤438至442的同步过程从仪器12中拉取,这与上述图6A的方法400的步骤410至414执行的一样。
步骤434和436的同一仪器12或仪器12的集合现在在步骤438选取分布式数据库系统10的其他仪器12,以查看是否有数据需要同步。在实施例中,如上所述,仪器12选取下一个寻址的仪器,然后选取接下来的仪器,以此类推。在框440处,规定的仪器12及其所选仪器12执行图5A和图5B中所示的同步序列。同步序列在规定仪器12与其所选仪器12之间提供任何丢失的数据,这些丢失的数据由于例如一个或两个仪器在另一仪器生成新数据时已经从系统10中离线所造成的。在菱形框442处,规定仪器12检查是否有分布式数据库系统10的其他仪器12要与其同步。如果是,则再次执行步骤438至442,直到规定仪器12已经与分布式数据库系统10的每台在线的其他仪器均同步为止,之后方法430结束,如椭圆444所示。
然后针对分布式数据库系统10的每台仪器12或仪器12的集合执行方法430。因此,每台仪器12(i)从分布式数据库系统10的每台其他仪器12拉取数据并(ii)与它们同步。之后,当患者到达诊所或透析中心130时(例如第二天),患者可以被带到分布式数据库系统10的任何仪器12a至12j。该仪器将具有该患者的全部治疗史和优选设置。
现在参照图7A,方法500示出了用于向分布式数据库系统10的仪器提供软件更新的一个实施例。实施例中的软件更新是操作软件更新,其可以是主控制软件、用户界面软件、安全软件、外围项目软件(例如水系统或远程传感器)、软件配置(仪器12应如何在其特定设置中运行的用户/诊所偏好)及其任何组合。在椭圆502处,方法500开始。在框504处,新软件被下载到分布式数据库系统10的一个仪器12。该软件可以经由仪器上的USB驱动器来下载或经由上述任意LAN实施例在LAN 150上下载。在一个实施例中,软件可以从服务器计算机180提供。
在实施例中,新软件被自动地下载到在线的分布式数据库系统10的编号最低或最早被字母寻址的仪器12。例如,如果仪器12a在线,则服务器计算机180经由LAN 150将软件下载到仪器12a,或者若仪器12b在线而仪器12a离线,则下载到仪器12b。或者,安装者可以将USB驱动器手动带到分布式数据库系统10的任何仪器12a至12j,以进行初始安装。然后,该仪器将选择下一个寻址的在线仪器,例如,如果安装者将USB驱动器带到仪器12g,则仪器12g随后将新软件传送到仪器12h,以此类推。
在菱形框506处,初始仪器12处的用户(护士或临床医生)决定是否确认新操作软件的安装。用户无论出于何种原因都并非必须接受新软件,例如,用户喜欢当前的软件。如果在框508处,用户决定不接受新软件,则在初始仪器12上不安装新软件。然而,新软件驻存在初始仪器12的存储器中,并带有已经拒绝的标记和拒绝的日期。可以通知系统管理员初始仪器12拒绝了该软件。被拒绝的软件可以在以后被接受,并且可以被配置为周期性地提示用户以查看他们是否准备好进行软件更新。
如果在菱形框506处用户决定接受新软件,则在框510处将新软件或软件配置安装在初始仪器12上。不论哪种情况,在框508(下载但不安装)或框510(下载并安装)之后,如菱形框514所示,初始仪器选取分布式数据库系统10的新仪器12,并使用LAN 150询问新仪器是否需要新软件。此外,新仪器可以是下一个寻址仪器,例如,仪器12a选择仪器12b,然后选择仪器12c,以此类推。仪器12j(图1A的)将选择第一台仪器12a。
如果菱形框514的问题的答复为否,例如,新仪器12已经具有新的操作软件,则菱形框518处的初始仪器12查看是否有其他分布式数据库系统10的仪器。如果菱形框514的问题的答复为是,例如,新仪器12需要新的操作软件,则执行框516处的安装子例程。下面结合图7B详细讨论安装子例程。
当框516处的安装子例程完成时,或者如果菱形框514处确定的新仪器不需要新的操作软件,则菱形518处的方法500确定分布式数据库系统10是否有其他仪器要查询。如果是,则重复框512到菱形框518之间创建的循环,直到分布式数据库系统10没有其他仪器要查询。然后方法500在椭圆520处结束。
现在参考图7B,方法530示出了图7A的方法500的安装子例程516的一个实施例。在椭圆532处,方法530开始于将新操作软件下载到新仪器(例如,从初始仪器到第一新仪器,从第一新仪器到第二新仪器,从第二新仪器到第三新仪器,以此类推)。在菱形框534处,新仪器12处的用户(护士或临床医生)决定是否确认安装新操作软件。无论出于何种原因,用户同样并非必须接受新软件,例如,用户喜欢当前的软件。如果用户在框536处决定不接受新软件,则在新仪器12上不安装新软件。然而,新软件驻存在新仪器12的存储器中,并带有已经被拒绝的标记和拒绝的日期。可以通知系统管理员新仪器12已经拒绝新的操作软件。被拒绝的软件可以在稍后的新仪器上被接受,并且可以被配置为周期性地提示用户以查看他们是否准备好进行软件更新。
如果在菱形框534处在新仪器处的用户决定接受新软件,则在框538处将新软件或软件配置安装在新仪器12上。无论何种情况,在框536(下载但不安装)或框538(下载并安装)之后,方法530的初始化子例程结束,如椭圆540所示。在返回到在框512和菱形框518之间创建的循环时,新仪器成为第一新仪器,其在框512处选取第二新仪器。如菱形框514所确定的那样,如果第二新仪器需要新的操作软件,则在子例程516中,第一新仪器将新软件下载到第二新仪器上。如果第二新仪器不需要新的操作软件,如菱形框514所确定的那样,则可以在框512处选取第三新仪器。如果第三新仪器需要新的操作软件,如菱形框514所确定的那样,则在子例程516的一个实施例中,第一新仪器将新软件下载到第三新仪器。在其他实施例中,由于第二新仪器已经具有新的操作软件,如菱形框514所确定的那样,第二新仪器可以将新软件下载到第三新仪器。
图7A和图7B示出了将新的操作软件以仪器对仪器的形式依序推送到分布式数据库系统10的每台在线仪器12的示例。在可替代实施例中,系统10反而以并行的方式将新的操作软件立刻推送到每台在线仪器12。然后,每台仪器处的用户(护士或临床医生)以上述方式通过步骤506与508,或步骤510(或步骤534与536,或步骤538)来进行。
另一方面,在一个实施例中,图7C的方法550在已经离线的仪器12重新在线时执行。在这里,新在线的仪器12查看分布式数据库系统10的其他仪器12以查看是否有任何新的操作软件要“拉取”。如果是这样,则为新在线的仪器提供选择安装这种软件的选项。方法550从椭圆552开始。在框554处,新在线的仪器12选取分布式数据库系统10的仪器来查询。如前所述,仪器12可以选取下一个寻址的仪器,例如,仪器12d首先选取仪器12e,然后是仪器12f,然后是仪器12g,以此类推。
在菱形框556处,新在线的仪器12将其操作软件版本与所选仪器的操作软件版本进行比较,以查看所选仪器是否具有较高版本。如果否,则新在线的仪器12检查在菱形框560处是否有其他仪器要查询。如果是,则新在线的仪器12从所选仪器取回(但不是安装)较新的软件,如框558所示。在框558之后,或者如果对菱形框556的答复为否,则新在线的仪器检查在菱形框560处是否有其他仪器要查询。如果有其他仪器12要查询,则菱形框556处新在线的仪器12将其最新的软件版本(其原始软件版本或在框558处取回的较新版本)与第二所选仪器的版本进行比较,以查看第二所选仪器12是否具有更新的版本。如果是这样,则新在线的仪器取回更新的版本并清除较早的版本。重复框554到菱形框560的循环,直到新在线的仪器12查询了分布式数据库系统10的所有其他在线的仪器12,如在菱形框560处所确定的那样。
在菱形框562处,如果新在线的仪器12没有更新的软件可以取回,则方法550在椭圆570处结束。在菱形框562处,如果新在线的仪器12已经取回了新的软件,则提示在菱形框564处的用户(例如临床医生的护士)确认或拒绝安装新取回的软件。同样,无论出于何种原因,用户并非必须接受新的软件,例如,用户喜欢当前的软件。如果在方框566处用户决定不接受新的软件,则不在新仪器12上安装新的软件。然而,新软件驻存在新仪器12的存储器中,并带有已经拒绝的标记和拒绝的日期。可以通知系统管理员新仪器12已经拒绝了软件。可以在稍后的日期在新在线的仪器12接受被拒绝的软件,并且该软件可以被配置为周期性地提示用户他们是否准备好进行软件更新。
如果在菱形框564处,新在线的仪器上的用户决定接受新软件,则在新仪器12上安装框568处的新软件或软件配置。然后方法550在椭圆570处结束。应该理解的是,方法550的接收软件的仪器12并非必须是新在线的仪器,并且相反,其可以是分布式数据库系统10的每台仪器12,该仪器12周期性地提示其自己去查看是否有任何更新的操作软件要下载以便进行批准。而且,在本文所讨论的任何软件更新场景中,虽然在监管控制(regulatorycontrol)下要求用户接受或确认可能是有利的或需要这样(例如上述菱形框564处),但在可替代实施例中不需要这种接受或确认。
现在参照图8A和8B,实时数据不限于警报,并且可以包括与护士或临床医师有关的其他信息。图8A示出了可以显示在仪器12的用户界面14(参见下面的图10)上的用户界面14的示例性主屏幕242(另外参见图10)。在所示的实施例中,主屏幕242用于血液透析(“HD”)仪器或血液透析滤过(“HDF”)仪器,并且显示与HD或HDF相关的处方参数和治疗输出数据。主屏幕242还显示“诊所概要”按钮244,当按下该按钮时,护士或临床医生将进入图8B所示的用户界面14的诊所概要屏幕246。诊所概要屏幕246包括“主页”按钮248,当按下该按钮时,护士或临床医生回到主屏幕242。因此护士或临床医生通过按两次按钮可以非常快速地在分布式数据库系统10的任何仪器12中查看分布式数据库所有仪器12的实时过程的概要,然后返回到护士或临床医生所关注的仪器12的用户界面显示。
图8B的临床医生概要屏幕246可以显示任何期望的信息。在所示的实施例中,临床医生概要屏幕246针对每台仪器12a至12j显示关于仪器的当前状态(例如,运行、暂停、处于警报状态或未使用状态)、已用治疗时间、剩余治疗时间,所收集的UF的量、患者血压和警报记录的信息。其他治疗输出数据也可以显示。此外,一个或多个所显示的数据还可以是按钮,护士或临床医生可以按下该按钮以收集关于所选数据的更多信息。
如上面参考图3所讨论的,可以设想的是,除了常规治疗所共享的处方参数和治疗输出数据,在不同的分布式数据库上共享临床医生概要屏幕246的实时数据。为此,定时器和传感器输出可以被发送到不同的存储器18(见下面的图10)或同一存储器18的各个区域。例如,患者的血压读数可以被发送到第一存储器18或存储器18的区域,以便在第一分布式数据库上进行常规治疗共享,以及发送到第二存储器18或存储器18的区域,以便在第二分布式数据库上进行实施传输。这样,第二实时传输分布式数据库的数据故障或损坏不会影响仪器12的正常运行或者常规处方参数或治疗输出数据的共享。
除了临床医师概要屏幕之外,可以设想的是,还提供一个或多个附加的概要屏幕,例如治疗概要屏幕、患者概要屏幕、计划概要屏幕、存货或库存概要屏幕以及人员配置概要屏幕。如图8A所示,每个屏幕均可以通过主屏幕按钮来调出。在设想了多个概要屏幕的情况下,主屏幕242可以设置“概要”按钮,当“概要”按钮被按下时调出一系列概要按钮,它们分别对应“诊所概要”、“治疗概要”、“患者概要”、“计划概要”、“库存保有概要”和“人员配置概要”。按下任何任意概要按钮都会使用户转到适当的屏幕,该屏幕配备有返回“主页”按钮248。
一般来说,当按下“治疗概要”按钮时,通向提供与单个患者和单次治疗有关的信息的屏幕。当按下“患者概要”按钮时,通向提供与单个患者在多次治疗中有关的信息的屏幕。当按下“计划概要”按钮时,通向可以是示出了已计划日期的每日、每周和/或每月的日历的屏幕,该日历与一个或多个患者的治疗有关。当按下“库存保有概要”的按钮时,通向列出了耗材名称、每种耗材在库存中的保有量和每种耗材的延期订单的数量的库存概要屏幕。当按下“人员配置概要”按钮时,可以通向“人员配置概要”屏幕,该屏幕列出了与诊所相关联的所有临床医生、护士和医生,以及他们中的哪一个目前在诊所、他们的班次、他们的技术专长等。因此,分布式数据库10的任何仪器12上的护士或临床医生可以快速且容易地达到以上任何信息的概要。
在一个实施例中,诸如护士或临床医生的用户必须输入标识并接收授权以查看本公开的分布式数据库的任何信息,包括刚刚描述的概要信息。例如,主屏幕242和临床医生概要屏幕246之间的仪器12可以呈现认证屏幕(未示出),其用于请求用户的用户标识和密码。编程仪器12使得只有在输入了授权的用户名和密码之后,发出请求的护士或临床医生才能看到临床医生概要屏幕。同样可以设想的是,取回任意和所有分布式数据库数据(例如,如任何上述医疗相关的数据)要由用户名和密码来保护。远程计算机170和PCD 175可以受到更严格的认证,例如要求手动输入远程计算机70和PCD 175所生成的验证码(“CAPTCHA”)。在仪器12和/或在远程计算机170和PCD 175处也可以要求强认证,例如采用基于请求者知道的事物(例如,密码)和请求者具备的事物(例如,授权卡)进行认证(例如,登录)的形式。此外,可以设想的是,系统10例如在仪器12、服务器180和/或个人计算机170中的一个或多个处保持追踪例如诊所130a至130c的人已经访问过分布式数据库系统10上哪个数据的日志。以这种方式,可以生成哪个个体已经访问了系统10的任何特定数据的列表。
现在参考图9,方法250示出了仪器处方参数或治疗输出数据(“数据”)的一个可能的生命周期,该仪器处方参数或治疗输出数据是通过分布式数据库系统10经由以上图4A至图6B所讨论的方法中的一种方法获取的。在椭圆252处,方法250开始。在框254处,在分布式数据库系统10的仪器12a至12j中的一个上获取新数据。在框256处,将新获取的数据输入到移动的平均趋势中。例如,数据可以是从患者身上移除的超滤(“UF”)的量,该数据作为最新的或最近的UF来输入以输入到进行中的或移动的UF趋势中。该趋势可以包括多个趋势,诸如实际数据趋势、三日的移动平均趋势、七日的移动平均趋势等。本公开的系统10对于多个患者和多次治疗的数据编译是有利的,其中,趋势和平均值的计算是两个示例。
在框258处,新数据和更新的趋势同步到分布式数据库系统10的其他仪器12。可以根据上述图4A至图6B所讨论的任意方法来执行同步。然后,护士或临床医生可以在分布式数据库系统10的每台仪器12a至12j上以列表和趋势的形式看到数据。
在框260处提供可选步骤(以假想线示出)。这里的数据被备份到一个或多个服务器计算机180或个人计算机170。如本文所讨论的,分布式数据库系统10可以在没有任何服务器计算机的情况下运行。例如,反之,框260处的备份可以是外部存储器存储设备,例如USB或闪存盘。然而,如果诊所130想要将服务器计算机180或个人计算机170连接到LAN150,则分布式数据库系统10提供这样做的机会,例如用作备份存储器设备。
在框262处,依要求和分布式数据库系统10的仪器12a至12j的存储器容量的指示在一段时间(例如六个月或一年)之后从分布式数据库系统10中清除数据。以这种方式,仪器12a至12j的存储器容量不必过大。但是,即使单个数据点被清除,数据仍然可以作为一个或多个趋势的一部分维护在LAN 150的仪器12上。而且,如果需要的话,可以在稍后时间从存储器中备份并取回数据。
应该注意的是,在提交本申请时大多数仪器12所需的存储器或硬盘具有从约三十二到六十四千兆字节的典型容量。在许多情况下,仪器12的存储器大小是基于成本来选择的,其中较大的存储器实际上比较小的存储器更便宜,因为较大的存储器供应的更多和/或更容易获得。如果典型的治疗需要大约二到四千字节的数据,则仪器12可以存储大约数百万次的治疗。假设规定的仪器12在其寿命期间(例如,十年)执行5000次治疗,那么仪器12可以存储200个仪器的治疗数据。但是,除了存储容量以外,数据可能处于一些原因而需要从系统10中清除。例如,某些司法管辖区的医疗法规可能要求当患者不再与诊所有关系时,要移除关于患者的信息。因此在框262处,指定的时间段可能是由于监管要求而不是存储器存储问题。
为了删除或移除数据,在一个实施例中,系统10删除数据,但是保留附属于数据的元数据。系统10使用留下的元数据来确保当在删除时已经从分布式数据库断开的仪器12在之后进行重新连接时,删除的数据不被恢复。系统10提供一个握手协商过程以确保从分布式数据库中的所有仪器12中删除了所有已删除的数据。在这里,对于数据是如何删除的且是何时删除的情况,已删除的数据被赋予一个新的报头(或标识符)和报尾(trail)。根据图4A至图6B所讨论的任意方法而将该报头和报尾传播到其他仪器12,从而使其他仪器可以看到有新的“删除”数据,并且在删除数据的同一位置更新它们的数据。还可以设想的是,在报头中设置一个阵列来跟踪是否所有的仪器12已经删除了该数据。可以建立附加的报头以确保在所有仪器12已经接收到已删除数据消息之后,实际上删除了数据,从而释放存储器18(图10)中的单元以用于新数据。
在椭圆264处,方法250结束。
图10和图11提供了关于仪器12的血液透析血液透析滤过和血液滤过版本的细节。同样在其他类型的仪器上提供肾衰竭治疗仪器12的许多结构,例如用户界面、处理、存储器、泵。然而,可以设想的是,接下来讨论的与肾衰竭治疗仪器12相关联的任意输入参数和治疗输出数据都应包括在刚刚描述的更新数据中。
图10示出了肾衰竭治疗仪器12包括用户界面14,其允许护士或其他操作者与肾衰竭治疗仪器12进行交互。用户界面14可以具有可与触摸屏覆盖层一起操作的监视屏,电动机械按钮(例如,薄膜开关),或二者的组合。用户接口14与至少一个处理器16和至少一个存储器18电通信。如上所述,至少一个存储器18可以具有三十二至六十四兆字节的容量。至少一个处理器16可以具有在提交时已知的标准处理速度,例如二千兆赫。处理器16和存储器18还与本文所述的泵、阀和传感器(例如透析液回路30的这些部件)进行电子交互,并且在适当的情况下控制这些泵、阀和传感器。至少一个处理器16和至少一个存储器18在本文中统称为逻辑执行器(logic implementer)20。
透析液回路30包括纯净水入口管线32,酸(“A”)浓缩液管线34和碳酸氢盐(“B”)浓缩液管线36。纯净水入口管线32接收来自纯净水装置或源22的纯净水。可以使用任何一种或多种方法(例如反渗透、碳过滤、紫外线照射、电脱离子(“EDI”)和/或超滤)来纯化水。
A浓缩液泵38(例如蠕动泵或活塞泵)通过A浓缩液管线34将来自A浓缩液源24的浓缩液A泵送到纯净水入口管线32中。传导单元(conductivity cell)40对纯净水测量A浓缩液的传导效果,向逻辑执行器20发送信号,逻辑执行器20使用该信号而通过控制浓缩液泵38来适当地使A浓缩液均衡。通过来自温度传感器42的读数对A传导信号进行温度补偿。
AB浓缩液泵44(例如蠕动泵或活塞泵)经由B浓缩液管线36将来自B浓缩液源26的B浓缩液泵送到纯净水入口管线32中。传导单元46对纯净水/A浓缩液混合物测量B浓缩液对的传导效果,向逻辑执行器20发送信号,逻辑执行器20使用该信号而通过控制B浓缩液泵44来适当地使B浓缩液均衡。通过来自温度传感器48的读数也对B传导信号进行温度补偿。
加热箱50利用由逻辑执行器20控制的加热器52来操作,以加热纯净,使其温度到达体温,例如37℃。对箱50中的水进行加热也将使水脱气。为了便于说明,没有示出单独的脱气室和泵,但是可以设置成辅助膨胀箱50以从纯净水中去除空气。因此,流体出口传导单元46新鲜制备了经适当脱气和加热的透析液,并且适于送至透析器102进行治疗。诸如齿轮泵之类的新鲜透析液泵54将新鲜的透析液输送到透析器102。如下面更详细描述,逻辑执行器20控制新鲜透析液泵54以指定的流速将新鲜的透析液输送到透析器102。
通过已使用透析液泵58的排出管线56将用过的透析液从透析器返回到排出口60。逻辑执行器20控制已使用透析液泵58以指定的流速从透析器102中抽出用过的透析液。空气分离器62对排出管线56中用过的透析液中的空气进行分离。压力传感器64感测排出管线56内的用过的透析液流体的压力,并向逻辑执行器20发送相应的压力信号。
传导单元66测量流经排出管线56的用过的流体的传导率,并将信号发送给逻辑执行器20。单元66的传导率信号也通过来自温度传感器68的读数进行温度补偿。血液泄漏检测器70(例如,光学检测器)寻找排出管线中是否存在血液,例如,检测透析器膜是否有撕裂或泄漏。热交换器72从已使用透析液出口回路30中回收热量到排出口60,以预热流向加热器52的纯净水,从而节省能量。
流体旁路管线74允许新鲜的透析液从新鲜透析液管线76流到排出管线56而不接触透析器102。新鲜透析液管78从肾衰竭治疗仪器12延伸并且将来自新鲜透析液管线76的新鲜透析液携带到透析器102。已使用透析液管80也从肾衰竭治疗仪器12延伸,并将来自透析器102的用过的透析液携带至排出管线56。
新鲜透析液管线还包括传导率传感器或单元82,其感测离开UF系统控制单元90的新鲜透析液的传导率并将相应的信号发送给逻辑执行器20。单元82的传导率信号同样通过来自温度传感器84的读数来进行温度补偿。
超滤器86在新鲜的透析液经由透析液管线76和新鲜透析液管78被输送到透析器102之前进一步净化新鲜的透析液。如以下更详细讨论的那样,一个或多个超滤器88可以用于将新鲜的透析液净化到可以达到用作置换流体来进行稀释前或稀释后血液滤过或血液透析滤过的程度。
UF系统90监测流向透析器102的新鲜的透析液(和/或作为直接流向血液组件的置换流体(图11))的流速和从透析器流出的用过的流体。UF系统90分别包括新鲜流量传感器Q1c和已使用流量传感器Q2c,它们分别向逻辑执行器20发送表明新鲜的和用过的透析液流速的信号。逻辑执行器20使用信号来设置已使用透析液泵58,以便比新鲜透析液泵54先泵送预定的量,从而在治疗过程中从患者体内移除规定量的超滤(“UF”)。新鲜流量传感器Q1p和已使用流量传感器Q2p是冗余传感器,其确保UF系统90正确地运行。
肾衰竭治疗仪器12在逻辑执行器20的控制下使用多个阀92(统称阀92a至92i)以选择性地控制规定的治疗。特别地,阀门92a选择性地打开和关闭旁路管线68,例如以允许消毒流体从新鲜透析液管线76流到排出管线56。阀92b选择性地打开和关闭新鲜透析液管线76。阀92c选择性地打开和关闭已使用透析液或排出管线56。阀92d选择性地打开和关闭排出管线56以通向排出口60。阀92e选择性地打开和关闭纯净水管线32以通向纯净水源22。阀92f和92g分别控制A和B浓缩液流。阀92h至92k与UF系统90一起运作。
图10进一步示出了从新鲜透析液管线76延伸出来的置换管线96(位于仪器壳体内部)。置换管线96流体连接至下面讨论的血液组件100的置换管98。在逻辑执行器20控制下的阀92i选择性地打开和关闭置换管线96。在逻辑执行器20的控制下的置换泵94选择性地从超滤器86泵送新鲜的透析液通过第二超滤器88,以产生替换或置换流体,作为经由管线76的新鲜透析液(血液滤过(“HF”))的替代或者除了经由管线76的新鲜透析液(用于血液透析滤过(“HDF”))之外,该替换或置换流体经由置换管线96(位于仪器壳体内)和置换管98(位于仪器壳体外)被输送到动脉血液管线106和或静脉血液管线108。
图11示出了可以与肾衰竭治疗仪器12一起使用的血液组件100的一个实施例。血液回路或组件100包括具有许多中空纤维半透膜104的透析器102,这些中空纤维半透膜104将透析器102划分成血液隔室和透析液隔室。治疗期间的透析液隔室布置成与新鲜透析液管78的远端和已使用透析液管80的远端流体连通。对于HF和HDF,除了新鲜透析液管78之外还将独立的置换管布置成在治疗期间与动脉管线106和静脉管线108中的一个或二者流体连通。对于HDF,透析液还流经透析液管78以到达透析器102,而对于HF,流经管78的透析液被阻断。
动脉管线106包括压力舱110,而静脉管线108包括压力舱112。压力舱110和112与安装在仪器壳体上的血压传感器(未示出)一起运行,血压传感器分别将动脉和静脉压力信号发送到逻辑执行器20(图10)。静脉管线108包括空气分离室或静脉滴注器114,其在血液返回到患者116体内之前从患者的血液中去除空气。
血液回路或组件100的动脉管线106由血液泵120操作,血液泵120在逻辑执行器20的控制下以期望的流速泵送血液。肾衰竭治疗仪器12还提供用于向逻辑执行器20发送信号和/或从逻辑执行器20接收命令的多个血液侧电子装置。例如,逻辑执行器20分别命令弹簧节流夹122a和122b选择性地打开或关闭动脉管线106和静脉管线108。血量传感器124监测患者的红细胞比容在治疗过程中如何变化。在一个实施例中,血量传感器124布置在血液泵上游的动脉管线106中。空气检测器126查看静脉血线中的空气。如图所示的置换管98可以耦接到稀释前HF或HDF的动脉管线106和/或稀释后HF或HDF的静脉管线108。
应该理解的是,对于本领域技术人员而言,对本文所述的本发明优选实施例的各种变化和修改是显而易见的。可以在不脱离本发明的精神和范围且不减损其预期优势的情况下做出这种变化和修改。因此,意在使所附权利要求涵盖这种变化和修改。

Claims (32)

1.一种医疗装置系统(10),包括:
分布式数据库(10a至10f);
多台医疗装置(12),与所述分布式数据库(10a至10f)一起运行;以及
逻辑执行器(20),与每台医疗装置(12)相关联,其中,每个逻辑执行器(20)均编程为访问所述分布式数据库(10a至10f),使得系统(10)的每台医疗装置(12)(i)周期性地向每台其他医疗装置(12)传输处方输入参数或治疗输出数据中的至少一种,以及(ii)周期性的从每台其他医疗装置(12)取回所述处方输入参数或治疗输出数据中的至少一种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的医疗装置系统(10),其中,所述医疗装置(12)经由结合所述分布式数据库(10a至10f)使用的局域网(“LAN”)(150)与每台其他医疗装置进行数据通信。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的医疗装置系统(10),其中,更新每台所述医疗装置(12)以便为多个患者中的每一个患者储存相同的所述处方输入参数或治疗输出数据中的至少一种。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任意一项所述的医疗装置系统(10),其中,所述医疗装置(12)和所述分布式数据库(10a至10f)不与中央服务器进行交互。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任意一项所述的医疗装置系统(10),其中,所述医疗装置(12)由第一制造商和第二制造商提供,且所述系统包括使所述第一制造商和第二制造商的医疗装置能够互相通信的接口(160)。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任意一项所述的医疗装置系统(10),其中,(i)处方输入参数或(ii)治疗输出数据中的至少一种,连同(iii)技术输入数据、(iv)技术输出数据或(v)管理数据中的至少一种经由所述分布式数据库(10a至10f)进行共享。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任意一项所述的医疗装置系统(10),其中,所述分布式数据库(10a至10f)还共享从由以下构成的组中选出的至少一种医疗设备(185)获得的信息:体重秤、血液压力测量装置、葡萄糖传感器、生理传感器、心电图装置、水处理设备、床秤、访问断开装置、生物阻抗测量装置、PH传感器、实验室测试设备、血液样本分析仪、或者访问流量测量装置。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任意一项所述的医疗装置系统(10),其中,所述分布式数据库(10a至10f)是第一分布式数据库,并且所述医疗装置系统(10)包括第二分布式数据库,其用于共享从由以下构成的组中选出的至少一种医疗设备(185)获得的信息:体重秤、血液压力测量装置、葡萄糖传感器、生理传感器、心电图装置、水处理设备、床秤、访问断开装置、生物阻抗测量装置、PH传感器、实验室测试设备、血液样本分析仪、或者访问流量测量装置。
9.根据权利要求1至8中任意一项所述的医疗装置系统(10),其中,周期性地传输并取回处方输入参数或治疗输出数据包括以如下方式中的至少一种进行该动作:实时进行、以大约几秒进行、以大约几分钟进行、每小时进行、每天进行、每周进行、每周进行、在治疗结束时进行、在治疗日结束时进行、或在治疗班次结束时进行。
10.根据权利要求1至9中任意一项所述的医疗装置系统(10),其中,至少一个逻辑执行器(20)配置为周期性地将所述处方输入参数或治疗输出数据中的至少一种推送到所述系统(10)的每台其他医疗装置(12)。
11.根据权利要求1至10中任意一项所述的医疗装置系统(10),其中,至少一个逻辑执行器(20)配置为周期性地从所述系统(10)的每台其他医疗装置(12)中拉取所述处方输入参数或治疗输出数据中的至少一种。
12.根据权利要求1至11中任意一项所述的医疗装置系统(10),还配置为经由所述分布式数据库(10a至10f)共享各个医疗装置(12)之间的操作软件。
13.根据权利要求1至12中任意一项所述的医疗装置系统(10),其中,所述分布式数据库(10a至10f)是第一分布式数据库,并且所述医疗装置系统(10)包括第二分布式数据库(10a至10f),其中,所述多台仪器(12)中的至少一台的逻辑执行器(20)编程为访问所述第二分布式数据库(10a至10f)。
14.根据权利要求13所述的医疗装置系统(10),其中,所述分布式数据库(10a至10f)中的一个是实时数据数据库。
15.根据权利要求13或14所述的医疗装置系统(10),其中,所述分布式数据库(10a至10f)中的一个是管理数据数据库。
16.根据权利要求1至15中任意一项所述的医疗装置系统(10),其中,所述系统(10)的每个医疗装置(12)编程为周期性地验证其处方输入参数或治疗输出数据中的至少一种。
17.根据权利要求16所述的医疗装置系统(10),其中,经由散列和的比较来执行验证。
18.根据权利要求1至17中任意一项所述的医疗装置系统(10),其中,所述系统(10)的多个医疗装置(12)编程为周期性地对其处方输入参数或治疗输出数据中的至少一种进行同步。
19.根据权利要求18所述的医疗装置系统(10),其中,经由记录标识、散列和或时间标记中的至少一种的比较来执行同步。
20.根据权利要求1至19中任意一项所述的医疗装置系统(10),所述系统(10)的至少一个医疗装置(12)编程为显示至少一个概要屏幕,所述至少一个概要屏幕为所述系统(10)的不同医疗装置(12)示出所述处方输入参数或治疗输出数据的至少一种。
21.一种医疗装置系统(10),包括:
多个医疗装置(12);
第一分布式数据库(10a至10f),在所述多个医疗装置(12)中共享由所述多个医疗装置(12)生成或使用的第一数据;以及
第二分布式数据库(10a至10f),(i)在所述多个医疗装置(12)中共享由所述多个医疗装置(12)生成或使用的第二数据,(ii)在多个第二医疗装置(12)中共享由所述多个第二医疗装置(12)生成或使用的第二数据,或者(iii)共享医疗设备(185)生成或使用的第二数据。
22.根据权利要求21所述的医疗装置分布式数据库系统(10),其中,所述多个第一医疗装置(12)中的一个和所述多个第二医疗装置(12)中的一个配置为为同一患者提供治疗。
23.根据权利要求21所述的医疗装置分布式数据库系统(10),其中,所述多个第一医疗装置(12)中的一个和所述医疗设备(185)中的一个配置为为同一患者提供治疗。
24.根据权利要求21所述的医疗装置分布式数据库系统(10),其中,所述多个第一医疗装置(12)用于为第一组患者提供治疗,所述多个第二医疗装置(12)用于为第二组患者提供治疗。
25.一种医疗装置(12),包括:
至少一台医用流体泵(54、58、94、120);以及
逻辑执行器(20),所述逻辑执行器(20)操作所述至少一台医用流体泵(54、58、94、120),以便接收泵输入参数并产生泵输出数据,所述逻辑执行器编程为(i)经由分布式数据库(10a至10f)与多台其他医疗装置(12)共享所述泵输入参数或泵输出数据中的至少一种,以及(ii)经由所述分布式数据库(10a至10f)从所述多台其他医疗装置(12)中接收泵输入参数或泵输出数据中的至少一种。
26.根据权利要求25所述的医疗装置(12),其中,所述逻辑执行器(20)编程为经由分布式数据库(10a至10f)与所述其他医疗装置(12)同步所述泵输入参数或泵输出数据中的至少一种。
27.根据权利要求26所述的医疗装置(12),其中,所述逻辑执行器(20)编程为将其自身的散列和与所述其他医疗装置(12)中的一台其他医疗装置的相应散列和进行比较,以便与该其他医疗装置同步所述泵输入参数或泵输出数据中的至少一种。
28.根据权利要求25至27中任意一项所述的医疗装置(12),其中,所述逻辑执行器(20)编程为将所述泵输入参数或泵输出数据中的至少一种的散列和发送到所述其他医疗装置(12)中的一个,以便在所述其他医疗装置(12)处与所述其他医疗装置(12)的相应散列和进行比较。
29.根据权利要求25至28中任意一项所述的医疗装置(12),其中,所述逻辑执行器(20)编程为验证其泵输入参数或泵输出数据中的至少一种。
30.根据权利要求29所述的医疗装置(12),其中,所述验证包括针对所述泵输入参数或泵输出数据中的至少一种将新计算的散列和与先前建立的散列和进行比较。
31.根据权利要求25至30中任意一项所述的医疗装置(12),其中,所述逻辑执行器(20)还编程为经由所述分布式数据库(10a至10f)与个人通信装置(“PCD”,175)、个人计算机(170)、服务器计算机(180)、或医疗设备(185)中的至少一个共享所述泵输入参数或泵输出数据中的至少一种。
32.根据权利要求25至31中任意一项所述的医疗装置(12),其中,所述逻辑执行器(20)还编程为经由所述分布式数据库(10a至10f)从个人通信装置(“PCD”,175)、个人计算机(170)、服务器计算机(180)、或医疗设备(185)中的至少一个接收数据。
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