CN102487780B - Transplanting method of big camphor trees - Google Patents

Abstract

A transplanting method of big camphor trees comprises selection of the big camphor trees, transplanting, transplanting transportation of trees, planting and planting management. Particularly, the angle of a planting sunny side cannot be deviated by over 10 degrees, root irrigation is performed by using ABT rooting powder, microorganism fertilizer, bactericide liquid chemical and the like which are used in backfill soil according to a fixed proportion, and 1-naphthylacetic acid alcohol water solution of 100-200ppm is used for irrigation after planting of the big camphor trees. The special technical processing of camphor transplanting is that 1-naphthylacetic acid auxin of 0.01-0.03% is added to used mud, the theory of a big wiping head and a big soil ball is adopted, 1-naphthylacetic acid rooting powder is added to the root portions during transplanting, leaves are picked instantly after planting, a blade surface agent is sprayed to new leaves, and originality is provided in the overwintering and antifreezing aspects. By means of the transplanting method, transplanting survival rate of the camphor trees with the tree age below 20 years is over 99%, and transplanting survival rate of the camphor trees with the tree age over 20 years is over 95%. The transplanting method of the big camphor trees can be suitable for transplanting of big trees and old trees under the conditions of other different altitudes, longitudes and latitudes, climate and the like.

Description

The transplanting method of a kind of big fragrant camphor tree

Technical field

The invention belongs to the cultivation method of the big fragrant camphor tree in plant cultivation field, the transplanting method of the big fragrant camphor tree of particularly a kind of afforestation.

Background technology

Fragrant camphor tree, formal name used at school: Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Presl. Lauraceae, another name: fragrant camphor tree, wooden camphor tree, black camphor tree, fragrant camphor tree, kind camphor tree, fragrant stamen, camphorwood.Belong to national II level and lay special stress on protecting wild plant (State Council's approval on August 4th, 1999).This kind is that the important material in subtropical zone (southwest) is used and extraordinary economic tree, and root, timber, branch, Ye Junke extract camphor, camphor oil.Camphor tree becomes the first-selected good wood of southern many cities and regional afforestation, is subjected to the favor of afforestation industry deeply.　　

Fragrant camphor tree is fast, evergreen, with luxuriant foliage and spreading branches in leafy profusion, crown attractive in appearance and by the afforestation seeds of a lot of places as scenic areas such as good garden, street, parks with its growth.

One, the collection of seed and storage

Selecting plant type plant attractive in appearance, robust growth is elite stand.Should grasp its mature characteristic timely collecting during seed collecting.When kind of a skin is black, show seed maturity.Wash covering of a seed after gathering by rubbing with the hands, take out seed and dry.Take the lamination method in ventilate indoor or field soil pit that subterranean water level is low, to carry out sand Tibetan again.Sand humidity is generally pinched the agglomerating degree of being that promptly looses of letting go with hand.

Two, field sowing is grown seedlings

Camphor tree is the evergreen megaphanerophyte of Lauraceae, calls fragrant camphor tree (Hangzhou), wooden camphor tree, black camphor tree (Sichuan), fragrant camphor tree, kind camphor tree, fragrant stamen, camphorwood, leaflet camphor.

The loam that the loose fertilizer of selection is lived, permeability is good is as sowing for ground.Shaanxi, SOUTH OF GANSU with mid-March in spring to early April seeding and seedling raising be advisable to grow seedlings autumn and be subject to freeze injury.Be advisable whole thin pressing of soil with high bed.Drilling, line-spacing 25cm are adopted in sowing.Broadcasting the back thickness of earth covering, to be that 2～3cm waters permeable.Broadcast the seedbed, back and note soil moisture conservation, can cover straw, can throw off after emerging.It is neat to emerge like this, and emergence rate can reach more than 90%.

Three, transplant and plant

Through the people repetition test, think that fragrant camphor tree seedling preferably transplants seedlings after annual.Must guard against and select reserved bed seedling for use, because select the still manque example of plantation reserved bed seedling for use, so should select to transplant the nursery stock of cultivating the several years.Nursery stock transplanting density is undertaken by 0.5m * 0.3m.Can keep the nursery stock rational density after the transplanting,, can impel lateral root, fibrous root to grow simultaneously, help the survival rate of fragrant camphor tree for lifting band mulch soil is prepared.It is many more to transplant number of times, and root system reaches all the more, and survival rate is high more.Notice that 1 year fragrant camphor tree seedling of life is subject to freeze injury, will cut the tip in late fall when moving, cover soil moisture conservation with straw.Nursery stock is advisable with leading thread 2～4cm.It is green that nursery stock trunk bark should be, if trunk is pitchy, illustrates that sapling is aging, should not plant.Debranching quantity is decided by transplanting year number of cultivating.Be divided into tri-layer substantially: transplant 3～6 years cut off 1/2 of whole branch number; Transplant 7～10 years cut off 3/5; Transplant 11～14 years cut off 4/5.Pruning method is that tree body 1/3 following side shoot is all wiped out.2/3 with the body of climbing the tree its side shoot orientation 3～7 levels that are evenly distributed of selecting and remain.

The outbalance on the opportunity of planting of fragrant camphor tree.Shan south spring, to mid-April, autumn was to be advisable September with mid or late March; The Wuxi then is to be the best opportunity in 25～April 10 March, is plum rain season secondly, as the after-culture good opportunity.

To be sure not to make mass of soil to scatter and disappear with the mulch soil about diameter 30cm during perfume camphor tree lifting.Can wipe out branches and leaves behind the lifting, keep 1～3 and avoid moisture transpiration to influence nursery stock surviving.But note not going to the top, otherwise tree crown can form bull.For adapting to the transportation of striding ground transprovincially, should remove the side shoot slice of some in addition, to improve survival rate.According to observations, do not have the seedlings of priming leaf to plant after, survival rate only reaches 30%～50%.When beta pruning, clip will be close to trunk, does not stay pipe nipple, does not tear bark.

Planting pit acupoint depth, length and widely all will reach 50～60Cm.The depth of planting is with collar place equal be advisable of ground with fragrant camphor tree seedling.When planting, mulch soil is closely linked with cave soil, returns not tight, unreal can the formation of soil and hangs sky.Therefore, after seedlings are gone into the hole, want to tread while filling out, until soil be filled near coal-mine full till and accomplish tightly to show in the soil of hole loose.

No matter be cloudy day or fine plantation camphor tree, all should in time irrigate one time normal root water.The weather that run into drying, tans by the sun takes filling in per about 7 days and gets final product for once permeable continuous 3～4 times.

Along with the fast development of urban construction and new countryside construction and the rapid raising of afforestation, aspect utilizations such as transplanting big tree is widened at urban road, the transformation of greenery patches, city, park building, new countryside construction beautify, development of real estate, courtyard greening and landscape park and garden construction are more prevalent.

Application number is 200610050138.8, the applying date is on 03 31st, 2006, the day for announcing is on October 03rd, 2007, denomination of invention has been illustrated a kind of trimming method of tree in scenery zone for the patent of " a kind of trimming method of tree in scenery zone ", it is characterized in that 1～3 year living tree in scenery zone, grew to branches and leaves and be in contact with one another, near closing or when just having reached closing, dormancy season in winter or spring next year then, this nursery stock side shoot is implemented to prune: each side shoot is cut off 1/3～2/3, the clip line and the ground of side shoot are perpendicular about making, in the ranks, keep space 5～15cm between strain; Suitably wipe out simultaneously the slim and frahile branch of disease worm, the nursery stock that exceeds average height is cut the tip, to promote balanced growth; After pruning, side shoot then, plucks the top end part of the overlapping shoot of adjacent plant sprouting.

The patent No. is ZL 03142165.2, the applying date to be on 08 08th, 2003, the day for announcing, to be on 02 16th, 2005, denomination of invention related to the high motility rate technology of a kind of transplanting big tree that the invention provides for the patent of " transplanting big tree high survival rate technology ", comprise and dig tree, dig pit, plant trees, inject concrete steps such as nutrient solution, can guarantee the transplanting big tree survival rate up to more than 65%, improve 15 percentage points than the survival rate of existing ordinary skill.

The patent No. is ZL 200410081298.X, the applying date to be on November 23rd, 2004, the day for announcing has been on 04 27th, 2005, denomination of invention for the patent disclosure of " waiting to move oriental plane tree street tree new root pre-growing method " in the enlarging and improvement project of urban road, at oriental plane tree street tree to be migrated, adopt the mode of trunk band girdle and Pig wrapping, be allowed to condition at and bring out a large amount of new roots in a short time, thereby not only eliminated the death that oriental plant causes because of migration, also can make oriental plant after transplanting, recover tree vigo(u)r rapidly.

The patent No. is ZL200510042057.9; the applying date is on 01 28th, 2005; the day for announcing is on 08 02nd, 2006; denomination of invention be " big tree transplanting survival method " patent disclosure a kind of big tree transplanting survival method; comprise and dig out big tree; root is handled; dig pit in advance; plant and set greatly; dig out big tree; the big tree of digging pit in advance and plant is all operated routinely; it is characterized in that it be after digging out big tree in plant before the root regeneration absorbent function of back during this period of time; punch at the trunk xylem earlier; then the water pressurization is directly injected in the tree body, to keep fluid loss and output balance.

Because fragrant camphor tree poor growth, cultivation period are long, seldom in the nursery, cultivate big tree, ancient trees that the overwhelming majority need transplant from artificial mountain forest, original mountain forest, villages and small towns and urban renewal.Because the age of tree of this trees is long, growing way is weak, main root is flourishing, fibrous root is less; add former vegetatively with transplant ground and have bigger otherness in each side such as latitude, illumination, moisture, soil property, weathers; and root system damage, water loss, tree vigo(u)r such as weaken at the reason of aspect in the process of excavating; cause big tree survival rate lower; had a strong impact on greening, viewed and admired, landscape construction; consumer loss is serious; reduce resource utilization, this situation is more extensive in rare and precious seeds transplanting protection, utilization.

Summary of the invention

The transplanting method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of big fragrant camphor tree, big fragrant camphor tree of the present invention are transplanted and are meant that base diameter 8cm is above, the trees of the age of tree more than 3 years.

The transplanting method of a kind of big fragrant camphor tree comprises that big fragrant camphor tree is selected, big fragrant camphor tree is transplanted, big fragrant camphor tree is transplanted transportation, big fragrant camphor tree is transplanted, big fragrant camphor tree transplanting and management five parts, it is characterized in that:

(1) big fragrant camphor tree is selected

According to the principle of designing requirement and matching species with the site, select sunny side, perpendicularity, each branch distribution, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground or base footpath, the height of tree, the hat width of cloth, tree-like, set phase, tree vigo(u)r, branching-point height, mainly view and admire correlation technique indexs such as face, damage by disease and insect situation, habit of growth, longitude and latitude, height above sea level;

(2) big fragrant camphor tree is transplanted

Big fragrant camphor tree was transplanted preceding 1～3 year, and the one, the processing of being completely cured; The 2nd, trimming leaf; The 3rd, for be not completely cured, branches and leaves are pruned can heel in advance;

The processing 2.1 be completely cured

Big fragrant camphor tree is transplanted the processing of will being completely cured in preceding 1～3 year: in spring or autumn, at distance trunk 50～150cm, be 8～10 times of the trunk diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground around excavate annular ditch, the degree of depth 40～100cm, carrying out root system blocks, on section, spray commercially available transplanting big tree root-inducing powder, after this transplanting big tree root-inducing powder dilution 400～600 times of fillings root or the dilution, evenly spray native ball with sprayer, perhaps big tree is completely cured and watered 400～600 times of liquid of transplanting big tree root-inducing powder dilution in preceding 7～10 days, at the back ridging compacting soil of being completely cured, water 400～600 times of liquid of transplanting big tree root-inducing powder dilution more then; Ridging compacting soil after being completely cured; For preventing the A-frame helpings such as available bamboo pole that lodge;

2.2 trimming leaf

Branch is in time pruned in the orientation that correspondence is completely cured, and wound can be with the commercially available big tree wound mouth liniment of healing: dip in hairbrush or wood chip and get the big tree wound mouth liniment of healing, evenly be coated with the plant wound, promote wound healing;

2.3 big fragrant camphor tree is heeled in

For do not carry out before the big tree transplanting be completely cured and handle to heel in advance, heel in the length of time by big tree, generally can be divided three classes heeling in: heel in, short-term is heeled in and heel in for a long time, division is as follows temporarily:

2.3.1 heel in temporarily: after big tree is transported to the construction site, can not be with to planting, but the time of placement is very short, be no more than 1～2 day standing time, can take to heel in temporarily; Usually use wet straw bag, rush bag sheet or tarpaulin with naked root tree root Bao Yan, can place several hrs; Be emitted on naked root tree in the native ditch or the ground of loosening the soil, seedling root covered completely, can heel in 1～2 day with wet soil; Be with the big tree of native ball as can not in time planting, also need neat discharging, suitably spray water moistening after, with wet straw bag overburden soil ball, native bulb diameter is 8～10 times of big tree base footpath;

2.3.2 short-term is heeled in: if set greatly in the fortune of having dug in early days of greening construction, and the building site condition of planting does not also possess at that time, needs to set a bit of time of appropriate preservation greatly, is generally 7～30 days, carries out short-term to heel in; Heel in and before big tree germinates, to carry out; The seeds that germinate morning can be pruned before heeling in, and can heel in the phase by proper extension like this; To the big tree late and that can plant in a short time that germinates, then can heel in advance, when planting, prune again; To dig in advance when naked root tree is heeled in and heel in ditch, furrow width 2～3m, ditch depth 50～60cm, ditch length can be decided according to landform, area, will set greatly then by the specification layering and laterally discharge along ditch, covers the moistening loam of one deck between every row; Cover to want tight, make that root system is unlikely to be exposed; The big tree of band ball transplanting will set upright plant when heeling in, and the big tree quantity of heeling in should be heeled in by the specification classification more for a long time; With two behaviors, one row, spacing in the rows is as the criterion with irrelevant the disturbing of tree crown, should keep a passage that 6～8m is wide between two rows; After big tree sequences, earth up on native ball, the ridging height is with 1/3 place of training to native ball height;

2.3.3 heel in for a long time:The greening and afforestation engineering is if run into special circumstances, as the construction of can't planting in spring, but when tree has been dug out greatly, then needs to adopt the method for heeling in for a long time; Can heel in big tree 2～3 months with this method, big tree normal growth during heeling in, when planting field planting big tree growth unaffected, can bring into play afforestation effect after planting; Concrete grammar is that naked root tree is adopted " artificial native ball " technology, earlier by the big size of setting specification, dig the heatable adobe sleeping platform of a native ball size, the earlier rush bag and the straw rope of lay packing usefulness in heatable adobe sleeping platform, and the rope of using for the native ball of choosing are inserted soil and big usage tree root then, with filling out with treading, make artificial native ball, with rope native ball is proposed heatable adobe sleeping platform again, with the real native ball of straw rope bundle; Before the manufacture of intraocular soil ball, will be ready to the bar basket by native gauge ball lattice earlier, basket is weaved into the twigs of the chaste tree or bamboo chip, solid firm, after artificial native ball is made, is placed on immediately in the bar basket, with the rope made of hemp native ball and bar basket is tightened again; The big tree of band ball transplanting if also need heel in for a long time, then also will be contained in native ball in the bar basket by native gauge ball lattice braiding bar basket; Surpass 80cm as native bulb diameter, then will make wooden case and more native ball is contained in the wooden case with plank; With the big tree that the bar basket is heeled in for a long time, when planting, plant the bar basket in the cave together; The big tree of heeling in for a long time will be pruned by the pruning technique requirement at the initial stage of heeling in; Basket is adorned big tree and will be divided the seeds block pattern row pattern, and a small amount of soil of stacking around the basket is with stable basket ball;

2.4 big fragrant camphor tree is transplanted

2.4.1 the trees that selection was transplanted: should select trunk perfectly straight, the bark color is fresh, the fragrant camphor tree of transplanting in the tree vigo(u)r stalwartness and nearest 2 years, and its newborn radicula all concentrates on the butt position, and the survival rate of trees is higher;

2.4.2 adopt the nursery stock of heeling in: heel in the later fragrant camphor tree seedling of some months, its root root and stem of certain plants place begins to grow new root, and the activity of root is more vigorous, plants also to survive than being easier in unfavorable season;

2.4.3 select the bigger nursery stock of native ball:The fragrant camphor tree seedling that digs out from the nursery, its native ball should be about 8～10 times of tree base footpath, and than big under the normal condition, native ball is big more, and root system is complete more, the easy more success of planting;

2.4.4 trimming and finishing: the pruning of fragrant camphor tree seedling: nursery stock need not carry out root to be pruned, and only tree crown is pruned to get final product; During pruning, can connect a branch band leaf and cut 1/3 ~ 1/2 of tree crown, reduce the loss of water of full tree, but should keep basic tree-like,, reach afforestation effect as early as possible to accelerate into scape speed with the way that significantly reduces leaf area; When beta pruning, clip will be close to trunk, does not stay pipe nipple, does not tear bark, and the wound should be coated with the commercially available trauma agent/ointment of smearing; Big tree is handled when pruning, and mainly some withered branches, overstocked branch is done suitable pruning; Clip can be sealed with plastic film, vaseline, varnish or application-specific wounds liniment;

(3) big fragrant camphor tree is transplanted transportation

3.1 the transit route prospecting is prepared with machinery

The transportation of nursery stock is will the time short, timeliness is fast, avoids wind and rain sky transportation nursery stock; Keep driving steadily in transit, during than long-distance transportation, summer stop off should be parked under the tree shade, winter should be under Yanguan Pass, should often spray water to nursery stock summer; Long-distance transportation, big tree must be with Tu Tuo;

3.1.1 loading and unloading and transportation should protect trees: root system especially, native ball and wooden case should guarantee that it is intact; Tree crown is used and is preserved moisture, is incubated and crowds around, and trunk is wanted packaging protecting; During entrucking root system, native ball, wooden case forward, tree crown prevents to rock backwards;

3.1.2 load and unload naked trees, should be specifically noted that to protect root: reduce the root splitting, fracture, steady after the entrucking, squeeze sternly, and cover wet straw bag or tarpaulin and hide and protected; Should hang down in proper order when unloading; Loading and unloading native ball trees, should to protect native ball complete, and not loosing sticks together; Use the manila rope binding when loading and unloading, between rope and native ball, plank on the pad is put native ball surely after the entrucking simultaneously for this reason, with things such as plank chucking, does not make rolling;

3.1.3 loading and unloading wooden case trees should guarantee that wooden case is intact: key is the bolt rope, lifting, at first with steel wire rope in the wooden case lower end about 1/3 place hurdle waistline live, fag end is inserted in the suspension hook; Fasten in the appropriate position of trunk by soft thing on suitable angle one headrest with the steel cable or the rope made of hemp more in addition, also be inserted in the suspension hook other end, tree crown is upturned after, find center of gravity, the protection trunk then can play sling cart; During entrucking, on the compartment earlier pad must not note when putting case and press steel wire rope than two of the lumps of wood of 10 * 10cm of the long 20cm of wooden case; The all perk superelevation parts of tree crown should be crowded around as far as possible; Tree crown does not mop floor, and puts steady support at the compartment afterbody for this reason, and soft thing rush bag, straw bag are in order to support trunk on the pad;

(4) big fragrant camphor tree is transplanted

4.1 transplanting time is determined

Spring with 3The middle ten days and the last ten days moon extremely 4In the middle of the month, autumn is to be advisable September; Plant and want in time promptly should plant at once through the fragrant camphor tree seedling of pruning; If transportation range is far away, then root root and stem of certain plants place will be wrapped up so that preserve moisture with wet grass, plastic film etc., and also more available transpiration inhibitor is preserved moisture; The time of planting is preferably in before at 11 o'clock in the morning or after at 16 o'clock in afternoon, as long as then avoid the date of severe cold in the winter time;

4.2 transplant

Will pay attention to sunny side before planting, be exactly the one side of big tree Chaoyang, also can refer to the one side of 12 noon towards the sun; Be marked with the mark of Chaoyang at trunk, smear mark as red lacquer, fluorescent paint; The sunny side angle of planting can not deviation more than 10 °, otherwise survival rate reduces; Planting plant hole will excavate by general technical regulation, wants basal dressing at the bottom of the cave and lays the fine earth bed course, and planting soil should loosen fertile; The binder of fragrant camphor tree seedling is removed, in kind of plant hole, sapling attentioned and plant, insert real soil after banketing again and continue to banket and push up to the cave; At last, around sapling, make the cofferdam of blocking water;

4.2.1 will do sterilizing pesticide to cave soil before the transplanting big tree handles:Available commercially available soil disinfectant or 50% powder of carbendazim be by weight percentage: 1:1 or 1:2 mix native sterilization and disinsection; During conditions permit, it is standby also should to prepare a little nutrition soil in advance; During formal the transplanting, at first 20～30 centimetres of nutrition soil of shop one deck at the bottom of the cave slowly hang in big tree in the plant pit by crane; Secondly, before getting off and after entering the hole, carry out necessary processing to big tree; The one, the spray medicine: the commercially available callus plastics of big wound coating to trunk, root, promote wound healing, anti-wound rots; Also on the tree body, spray commercially available anti-rising agent, reduce the loss of tree body moisture; Attention: anti-rising agent need spray after spraying and meeting rain again;

4.2.2 setting upright the tree body fixes: will note the North and South direction problem of big tree this moment: the fixing general three-pole bracket fixation that adopts of tree body, and will set body and firmly support, askew to prevent that wind from blowing tree crown; Simultaneously, can guarantee that root system is firm, be beneficial to root growth; Generally big tree root is to recover and can remove after 1 year;

4.2.3 backfill soil: then remove the wrappage on the native ball, with ABT root-inducing powder, microbial manure, bactericide soup etc. by weight percentage: 1:1～100:1～100; Irritate root, to strengthen the root system vigor, to take root fast; Banket then; Want back-filling in layers, layering having peace of mind when banketing, around the native ball and the face of land also will overlay nutrition soil; The not so good ground of sandy soil ground and water conservancy condition can apply water-loss reducer in right amount; The nutrition earthen backfill is intact good the limb frame of trees, frame is firm, waters normal root water for the first time, makes backfill soil fully absorb moisture, treats to add full soil again after water has oozed, and notices that this moment is not steady and sure again; Repair in the periphery at last and enclose mill weir together, water normal root water for the second time, necessarily water foot and irrigate, watered and to have noted observing the trunk ambient earth behind the water and whether sink or ftracture, have then in time to add soil and fill and lead up; Big for the third time tree moisturizing is after one week of field planting, and the moisturizing of the 4th big tree is after three weeks of field planting;

4.3 pour water

To pour water immediately after fragrant camphor tree is planted,, also will stir plant pit periphery soil, so that make the plant pit periphery can fill up soil by the effect of water with iron staff or wooden stick for camphor tree emitter edge with native ball; To note when pouring water not damaging earth cofferdam, will fill water in the earth cofferdam, allow water slowly soak down in kind of plant hole; For further improving planting survival rates, can in the water that is watered, add growth hormone, so that stimulate new root growth; Growth hormone generally adopts naa, dissolves with the naa of a small amount of alcohol with powdery earlier, adds clear water then, and being made into concentration is the pouring liquid of 100～200PPm, as the first time normal root water water;

4.4 the special technique that fragrant camphor tree is transplanted is handled

" 4.4.1 turn round greatly, big native ball ":" turn round greatly " be exactly big tree go the treetop dynamics want big, will be very, only stay 1～2 to have directionality and can identify the former direction of planting, treetop or only leave trunk, all the other branch remove; " big native ball " is exactly that the big fragrant camphor tree usage tree root soil ball of transplanting wants big, and for 8～10 times of base portion tree-walk, than big under the normal condition, native ball is big more, and root system is complete more, the easy more success of planting;

4.4.2 root adds the methyl root-inducing powder when planting:Method is with 4.3; Naa dissolves with the commercially available naa of a small amount of alcohol with powdery earlier, adds clear water then, and being made into concentration is the pouring liquid of 100～200PPm, as the first time normal root water water;

4.4.3 planted priming leaf immediately: all extract for the bough leaf, do not stay any branches and leaves, prevent rising dehydration;

4.4.4 young leaves sprays the blade face treasured: the young leaves that sends for big tree must spray the blade face treasured, improves nutrition and water absorbing capacity, promotes side shoot to sprout with sprouting and takes place, and sends out to enlarge leaf area, strengthens photosynthesis; 800～1000 times of liquid of the precious spraying concentration in blade face;

4.4.5 regularly water: be afraid of lack of water behind the transplanting big tree most, the ground-level finding dry ground waters immediately, and the rainy day is noted draining the water away; General 20～30d waters water one time, and summer, evening, duty was watered;

(5) big fragrant camphor tree transplanting and management

5.1 water

The water first time that waters and spray water after transplanting will irrigate, and soil and root are combined closely, and guarantees that plantation back soil and the native ball of big tree do not produce the space; Generally water permeable one or two time; At ordinary times, increase air humidity, reduce the transpiration of plant often to ground and camphor tree foliage spray clear water; In the summer of sweltering heat ,It is once permeable that the weather that run into drying, tans by the sun is wanted to irritate about every 7d, and continuous 3～4 mornings or evening get final product; Because big usage tree root is injured, absorbing capacity is relatively poor, and local subterranean water level is higher again, afterwards to spray water twice of every day to the trunk straw rope; To the trunk water spray is a long process, if straw rope rots to come off, can tie up new straw rope again, proceeds the operation of spraying water;

5.2 fertilising

Arboreal growth needs fertilizer, but the big tree of novel species is less important to the requirement of fertilizer; After the fragrant camphor tree field planting 4,5, spray a little foliage fertilizers month, as amino acid chelated iron, the beautiful and excellent rich mixed diluting of nursery stock dilution, the 15d fertilising once can improve photosynthetic efficiency at interval, activates biology enzyme, strengthens absorption and the conversion of plant to nutrition; 6,7, each fertilising in August once, fertilising will prevent the injury of fertilizer overrich to root based on nitrogenous fertilizer, earlier light back is dense; October, nursery stock entered vegetative period, should stop nitrogen fertilizer application; Next executes a little ferrous sulfate chemical fertilizer, and the soil around the improvement root system is regulated soil acidity or alkalinity, impels chlorophyll also to claim iron fertilizer to form, and can prevent and treat the yellows that trees cause because of iron deficiency; Early October can spray mepiquat chloride to the trees branches and leaves, can regulate arboreal growth, and the terminal bud growing way is weakened, the control plant grows in length and breadth, the plant type compactness, and the leaf color depth is thick, and leaf area reduces, and strengthen chlorophyllous synthesizing, can prevent the prosperous length of plant, its trees are better survived the winter;

Antifreeze 5.3 survive the winter

5.3.1 spray chlormequat during White Dew～Cold Dew: White Dew, continuous 5 days of daily mean temperature was smaller or equal to 22 ℃, more than or equal to 10 ℃; In Cold Dew, the most of area of China is under cold anticyclone control, and finish rainy season; Often be vast clear sky, warm up the cold at night daytime, one in late autumn scene; Spray chlormequat during White Dew～Cold Dew, work as temperature exactly and will spray commercially available chlormequat during 20 ℃ to～5 ℃, spray concentration is 200～250mg/kg soup, and number of times 1～5 time till new growing point stops growing, helps surviving the winter;

5.3.2 the tree body is antifreeze: big tree is twined straw rope, the plastic material film in outside, the warming water evaporates that prevents of trunk at the phase trunk of surviving the winter; Ground covers unregistered land film, heat absorption, temperature raising, antifreeze; When stablizing more than 15 ℃, removes temperature the striping of restricting up to next year;

5.3.3 regularly water: soil temperature prevents soil freezing regularly watering under the film daytime more than 0 ℃, and moisture can not ooze down, prevents to insult to lift phenomenon; Water 1～5 time;

5.3.4 execute the fertilizer of surviving the winter:Overwintering period cooperates the application of phosphoric acid diamines that waters: be the ditch spread of radioactivity strip, 4～10, ditch depth 5～15cm apart from the annular ditch spread in root 50～100cm place or from the ring root under the mulch film; Every tree 0.5～2kg; Apply fertilizer 1～5 time;

5.3.5 spray anti-icing fluid: one month earlier spray plant antifreezing agent 2～5 time to big period Slight Cold Winter Solstice, to strengthen freezing tolerance; Spray best before strong cold current arrives; The trees that tree crown is bigger should be pruned sparse branch, can avoid the strong wind invasion and attack, can reduce volatilization energy again; In the winter of cold, then should take ground cover grass, place, air port tree side to set up air partition, trunk to wrap up with straw, the place that wind is big and temperature is lower should add on the basis of straw wrapping ties up film process, keeps soil temperature and prevents cold damage;

5.4 maintenance

Maintenance work after the transplanting; Note to prune behind the big tree transplanting, the removal of tiller, normal bud progressively change the tree type of cultivating after surviving growth again; The trees of commute generation damage by disease and insect should have the special messenger often to observe, the control in time of taking measures;

5.4.1 the transfusion of big tree, filling root: for some big trees that is difficult for surviving, after field planting, in time infuse to big tree; Transplanting big tree survives liquid such as commercially available big tree nutrient solution, root irrigation; Under the more weak situation of tree body growing way, trees are directly supplemented the nutrients and moisture, usually summer the concentration of infusing be difficult for too highly, can correspondingly improve in the spring and autumn concentration of infusing; Big tree infusion method: with the steel bit of 5mm at 10～20cm place overhead, tilt 45 °, to bore dark be the hole of 5cm; The syringe needle of woven hose is inserted 4cm in the trunk boring, do not spill the tree body with liquid and be as the criterion; The aperture will be coated with the tonic brushing with commercially available wound, and short the recovery grown; The water quality of preparation parenteral solution must clean, free from admixture, and to infusion bag shade in addition, prevents liquid medicine contamination; Tree bulk absorption soup speed objectively reflects the trees rate of metabolism; When normal root water is watered in first three time, should in water, add an amount of commercially available big tree root power or root-growing agent etc., promote big tree to send new root, help improving big tree survival rate;

5.4.2 the anti-dehydration of preventing disease pest control: big tree cuts, transplants by the saw in the transplanting process, and wound is many, rudiment is tender, causes the resistivity of tree body to descend, and very easily suffers the invasion and attack of various damage by disease and insect; Whole growth in season putting prevention first, find that damage by disease and insect controls early; In order to keep trunk humidity, reduce the bark water evaporates, available straw rope that soaks or straw screen or mat with the full straw rope of clay mud paste of modulation, also can often be preserved moisture the whole Bao Yan of trunk of tree later on again to the trunk water spray.

Good effect of the present invention and characteristics:

Along with the fast development of urban construction and new countryside construction and the rapid raising of afforestation, aspect utilizations such as transplanting big tree is widened at urban road, the transformation of greenery patches, city, park building, new countryside construction beautify, development of real estate, courtyard greening and landscape park and garden construction are more prevalent.Demand to rare and precious seeds has a large capacity and a wide range especially, and practicality of the present invention is more apparent outstanding.

Because big tree poor growth, cultivation period are long, seldom cultivate big tree, ancient trees that the overwhelming majority need transplant from artificial mountain forest, original mountain forest, villages and small towns and urban renewal in the nursery.Because the age of tree of this trees is long, growing way is weak, main root is flourishing, fibrous root is less; add former vegetatively with transplant ground and have bigger otherness in each side such as latitude, illumination, moisture, soil property, weathers; and root system damage, water loss, tree vigo(u)r such as weaken at the reason of aspect in the process of excavating; cause big tree survival rate lower; had a strong impact on greening, viewed and admired, landscape construction; consumer loss is serious; reduce resource utilization, this situation is more extensive in rare and precious seeds transplanting protection, utilization.

The present invention is through research and production practices for many years, evaded the above-mentioned inferior position and the deficiency of big tree transplanting, invented out the transplanting method of big fragrant camphor tree, the transplanting survival rate of 20 years following age of trees is more than 99%, the transplanting survival rate of the age of tree is more than 95% more than 20 years, and is workable.

The present invention not only is fit to big fragrant camphor tree and transplants, and suitable base diameter 8cm is above, the transplanting of the age of tree other famous and precious trees more than 3 years.The present invention also is fit to aiphyllium: transplanting such as juniper, Chinese pine, Chinese lace-bark pine, cdear, cypress, arbor-vitae, dragon spruce, fir, Huashan pine, and deciduous tree and precious flowering tree: transplanting such as Chinese scholar tree, Luan Shu, leaflet Chinese wax, acer truncatum, ginkgo, yulan magnolia.Big tree, ancient tree that the present invention is adapted under the conditions such as the transplanting of other different big trees, ancient tree kinds and Different Altitude, longitude and latitude, weather are transplanted.

Embodiment

The present invention relates to a kind of by big fragrant camphor tree selection, big fragrant camphor tree is transplanted, big fragrant camphor tree is transplanted transportation, big fragrant camphor tree is transplanted, the big fragrant camphor tree transplanting method of afforestation of the system that five parts such as big fragrant camphor tree transplanting and management are formed, especially can not deviation more than 10 ° in the sunny side angle of planting, backfill soil is used the ABT root-inducing powder, microbial manure, bactericide soup etc. is irritated root according to a certain percentage, pour water after big fragrant camphor tree is transplanted and use the naa alcohol water blend of 100～200ppm, the special technique that fragrant camphor tree is transplanted is handled to use and is added 0.01～0.03% naa growth hormone in the mud, " turn round greatly; big native ball ", root adds the methyl root-inducing powder when planting, planted priming leaf immediately, young leaves sprays the blade face treasured, the antifreeze aspect of surviving the winter has more originality.

Spray chlormequat during White Dew～Cold Dew, carry out the tree body antifreeze, regularly water, execute systems such as the fertilizer of surviving the winter, spray anti-icing fluid, method is original, practical.The transplanting method of big fragrant camphor tree, the transplanting survival rate of 20 years following age of trees are more than 99%, and the transplanting survival rate of the age of tree is more than 95% more than 20 years.Be fit to the big trees of condition such as other big tree, ancient tree transplanting and Different Altitude, longitude and latitude, weather, ancient tree transplanting.

Embodiment one:

Theme of the present invention by big fragrant camphor tree select, big fragrant camphor tree is transplanted, big fragrant camphor tree is transplanted transportation, big fragrant camphor tree is transplanted, big fragrant camphor tree transplanting and management and purchase five parts such as big fragrant camphor tree method and form, technical scheme is as follows:

1 big fragrant camphor tree is selected

According to the principle of garden landscape designing requirement and matching species with the site, select the seeds (fragrant camphor tree) of specific standard.Specific standard is meant: sunny side, the perpendicularity angle of sea level (trunk with), each branch distribution, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground or base footpath, the height of tree, the hat width of cloth, tree-like, set mutually, tree vigo(u)r, branching-point height, mainly view and admire indexs such as face, damage by disease and insect situation, habit of growth, longitude and latitude, height above sea level, should write down, take pictures.It is tall and big, ancient that choosing tree can not blindly be pursued, the selection age of tree that shoot the arrow at the target according to soil property, weather, view needs and economic condition, tree-like.Often tree-likely in the transplanting big tree process cut down, broken, need to cultivate again, shaping.

The big tree of big tree of former milpa and transplanting ground should an index, of making peace record be set a card, sequence number on the volume, Classification Management: the place that trees numbering, trees kind, specification (highly, branching-point trunk diameter, the hat width of cloth), the age of tree, upgrowth situation, trees location, plan are transplanted.Also can keep photo or video recording as needs.

Sunny side

Sunny side is exactly an one side of setting the Chaoyang greatly, also can refer to the one side of 12 noon towards the sun.On the north side of trunk, want mark, set off by contrast, as smearing mark, in order to sitting in the right seat with red lacquer, fluorescent paint towards sunny side.

Perpendicularity

Perpendicularity: the angle on trunk and sea level, measure the angle of both direction (as: be exposed to the west, be exposed to the north etc.) at least with protractor, be accurate to 0.1～0.01 °.

Each branch distributes

At least leave and take two towards branch (south, west etc.) so that take one's bearings.

The diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground or base footpath

The diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground is the big tree diameter of liftoff 100cm; The big tree diameter of the liftoff 5～10cm in base footpath.

The height of tree

The height of tree: set the height of ground distance tree crown greatly, can refer to set greatly the height of ground distance intercepting branch here.

The hat width of cloth

The hat width of cloth: be meant the north and south that tree (seedling) is wooden or the width of east-west direction at gardens piece face, similar with fluffy footpath, be generally used for representing the specification of trees, nursery stock.Conventional unit: cm(centimetre) also useful rice (m) and millimeter (mm) office, rice generally is used for megaphanerophyte, and millimeter generally is used for accurate park and garden design unit.

Tree-like

Tree-like: the shape of big tree, moulding, branch distribute indexs such as the flexibility of trunk.

The tree phase

Tree phase: indexs such as the image of big tree, imposing manner, growth potential, appearance.The index that can combine with The book of Changes.

Tree vigo(u)r

Tree vigo(u)r: the shape growing way of trees, set indexs such as growing power size, growth potential height, power greatly.The index that can combine with The book of Changes.

The branching-point height

The branching-point height: branching-point is convenient to grasp transplanting depth to the height on ground.Only holding back this index of trunk disregards.

Mainly view and admire face

Mainly view and admire face: view and admire determining of face: the one, see the tendency of stem body; The 2nd, in conjunction with the root disk shape; The 3rd, make full use of existing branch holder.Say that synthetically do, root, holder should become horizontal spreading based on left and right directions, the front and back longitudinal extension is auxilliary, horizontal strong vertical a little less than, do not repel mutually, reach multi-angle and view and admire face and establish.Mainly viewing and admiring the face great majority is sunny sides, should Taking Pictures recording.

The damage by disease and insect situation

The damage by disease and insect situation: should write down Proterozoic the damage by disease and insect pests occurrence rule, prevent and treat situation, be convenient to transplant the ground prevention and administer.

Habit of growth

Habit of growth: the biological property of big tree is the basis that survives, manages after transplanting.

Longitude and latitude

Longitude and latitude: the longitude in Da Shu original producton location, latitude.The survival rate height that the longitude on Da Shu original producton location and transplanting ground or latitude reach unanimity.

Height above sea level

Height above sea level: Da Shu original producton location and easily surviving that transplanting ground height above sea level reaches unanimity.

Big fragrant camphor tree is transplanted

It is the processing of will being completely cured that big fragrant camphor tree is transplanted preceding 1～3 year one, more should be like this for the big tree more than the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 20cm, famous and precious seeds; The 2nd, trimming leaf.

For be not completely cured, branches and leaves are pruned can heel in advance.

The processing of being completely cured

Big fragrant camphor tree is transplanted the processing of will being completely cured in preceding 1～3 year: in spring or autumn, 8～10 times of distance trunk 50～150cm(trunk diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground) around excavate annular ditch, the degree of depth 40～100cm, carry out root system and block (the big root with fixation can keep), (the good gardening equipment in Xiaoshan, Hangzhou nine business department provides to spray " transplanting big tree root-inducing powder " on section, after this product dilution 400～600 times of fillings root or the dilution, evenly spray native ball with sprayer) or big 400～600 times of liquid of pouring transplanting big tree root-inducing powder dilution in preceding 7～10 days of being completely cured of setting, at the back ridging compacting soil of being completely cured, water 400～600 times of liquid of transplanting big tree root-inducing powder dilution more then.Ridging compacting soil after being completely cured.For preventing the A-frame helpings such as available bamboo pole that lodge.Can grow many fibrous roots through a season or 1～3 year like this, greatly improve the transplanting big tree survival rate.

Trimming leaf

Branch is in time pruned in the orientation that correspondence is completely cured, and accomplishes symmetrical trimming leaf, reduces moisture transpiration and nutritive loss, prevents that strong wind from blowing down.Wound can be with " big tree more wound mouth liniment " (the space bio tech ltd be produced in the Henan): dip in hairbrush or wood chip and get an amount of more creating cream--big tree is wound mouth liniment more, evenly be coated with the plant wound, its effect is an energy activated plant immune system rapidly, promote the growth hormone metabolism of indoles, the reparation of the phenols factor, sterilization, sterilization, anticorrosion, prevent moisture, nutrient loss, promote wound healing.

Generally speaking, the trees of seminal propagation, the trend of branch self-sow is consistent with the trend of tree root growth, can better grasp pruning, the field planting of root, branch in view of the above.

Big fragrant camphor tree is heeled in

For do not carry out before the big tree transplanting be completely cured and handle must heel in advance, otherwise survival rate greatly reduces.Heel in the length of time by big tree, generally can be divided three classes heeling in: heel in, short-term is heeled in and heel in for a long time, division is as follows temporarily.

Heel in temporarilyAfter big tree is transported to the construction site, can not be with to planting, but the time of placement is very short, be no more than 1～2 day standing time, can take to heel in temporarily.Usually use wet straw bag, rush bag sheet or tarpaulin with naked root tree root Bao Yan, can place several hrs; Be emitted on naked root tree in the native ditch or the ground of loosening the soil, seedling root covered completely, can heel in 1～2 day with wet soil.Be with the big tree of native ball as can not in time planting, also need neat discharging, suitably spray water moistening after, with wet straw bag overburden soil ball (native bulb diameter is 8～10 times of big tree base footpath, down with).

Short-term is heeled inIf the fortune of having dug in early days at greening construction is set greatly, and the building site condition of planting does not also possess at that time, needs to set a bit of time of appropriate preservation greatly, is generally 7～30 days, carries out short-term and heels in.Heel in and before big tree germinates, to carry out.The seeds that germinate morning can be pruned before heeling in, and can heel in the phase by proper extension like this.To the big tree late and that can plant in a short time that germinates, then can heel in advance, when planting, prune again.To dig in advance when naked root tree is heeled in (not advocating) and heel in ditch, furrow width 2～3m, ditch depth 50～60cm, ditch length can be decided according to landform, area, will set greatly then by the specification layering and laterally discharge along ditch, covers the moistening loam of one deck between every row.Cover to want tight, make that root system is unlikely to be exposed.The big tree of band ball transplanting will set upright plant when heeling in, and the big tree quantity of heeling in should be heeled in by the specification classification more for a long time.With two behaviors, one row, spacing in the rows is as the criterion with irrelevant the disturbing of tree crown, should keep a passage that 6～8m is wide between two rows.After big tree sequences, on native ball, earth up, the ridging height with training to 1/3 place of native ball height for well, native ball all can't be buried, in order to avoid that straw rope is pickled with grains or in wine is rotten.

Heel in for a long timeThe greening and afforestation engineering is if run into special circumstances, as the construction of can't planting in spring, but when tree has been dug out greatly, then needs to adopt the method for heeling in for a long time.Can heel in big tree 2～3 months with this method, big tree normal growth during heeling in, when planting field planting big tree growth unaffected, can bring into play afforestation effect after planting.Concrete grammar is that naked root tree is adopted " artificial native ball " technology, earlier by the big size of setting specification, dig the heatable adobe sleeping platform of a native ball size, the earlier rush bag and the straw rope of lay packing usefulness in heatable adobe sleeping platform, and the rope of using for the native ball of choosing are inserted soil and big usage tree root then, with filling out with treading, make artificial native ball, with rope native ball is proposed heatable adobe sleeping platform again, with the real native ball of straw rope bundle.Before manufacture of intraocular soil ball, to be ready to the bar basket by native gauge ball lattice earlier, basket is weaved into the twigs of the chaste tree or bamboo chip, solid firm, after artificial native ball is made, is placed on immediately in the bar basket, with the rope made of hemp native ball and bar basket is tightened again.The big tree of band ball transplanting if also need heel in for a long time, then also will be contained in native ball in the bar basket by native gauge ball lattice braiding bar basket.Surpass 80cm as native bulb diameter, then will make wooden case and more native ball is contained in the wooden case with plank.With the big tree that the bar basket is heeled in for a long time, when planting, the bar basket is planted in the cave together.The big tree of heeling in for a long time will be pruned by the pruning technique requirement at the initial stage of heeling in.Basket is adorned big tree and will be divided the seeds block pattern row pattern, and a small amount of soil of stacking around the basket is with stable basket ball.

2.4 big fragrant camphor tree is transplanted

The characteristic of plant itself has determined survival rate and the planting effect of plant to a great extent, thereby the nursery stock selectivity that is used for afforesting transplanting seems particularly important.The camphor tree of using should be started with from following several respects:

2.4.1 the trees that selection was transplantedShould select trunk perfectly straight, the bark color is fresh, the fragrant camphor tree of transplanting in the tree vigo(u)r stalwartness and nearest 2 years, and its newborn radicula all concentrates on the butt position, and the survival rate of trees is higher.

The nursery stock that employing is heeled inHeel in the later fragrant camphor tree seedling of some months, its root root and stem of certain plants place begins to grow new root, and the activity of root is more vigorous, plants in unfavorable season also than being easier to survive.

Select the bigger nursery stock of native ballThe fragrant camphor tree seedling that digs out from the nursery, its native ball should be about 8～10 times of tree base footpath, and than big under the normal condition, native ball is big more, and root system is complete more, the easy more success of planting.

Trimming and finishingSurvive with Cheng Jing be the unity of opposites; Guarantee survival rate, just will inevitably be broken to the scape effect to a certain extent, how to coordinate contradiction therebetween, trimming and finishing is one of key.The pruning of fragrant camphor tree seedling: nursery stock need not carry out root to be pruned, and only tree crown is pruned to get final product.During pruning, can connect a branch band leaf and cut 1/3 ~ 1/2 of tree crown, reduce the loss of water of full tree, but should keep basic tree-like,, reach afforestation effect as early as possible to accelerate into scape speed with the way that significantly reduces leaf area.When beta pruning, clip will be close to trunk, does not stay pipe nipple, does not tear bark, and trauma agent/ointment should be smeared in the wound.Big tree is handled.During pruning, mainly some withered branches, overstocked branch are done suitable pruning.No matter heavy pruning or light pruning all should be taken into account tree-like framework and keep the in picturesque disorder of branch.Clip can be sealed with plastic film, vaseline, varnish or application-specific wounds liniment etc.

Big fragrant camphor tree is transplanted transportation

3.1 the transit route prospecting is prepared with machinery

According to the kind of institute's transplanting and the condition of construction, formulate concrete technology and security measure of transplanting.

According to big tree transportation, investigate transit route in advance, comprise the width on road surface and various circuits, bridge and load, flow of the people and the mechanical flow etc. that quality, horizontal sky set up.Make emergency plan, be ready to associated mechanical such as crane, transport vehicle, tractor, navigation vehicle etc.To fully take into account the variation of weather simultaneously, be ready to emergent goods and materials such as waterproof cloth.Carry out construction outfit, material, plant equipment, the preparation of transfer.

Big loading and unloading of setting and transportation must be used the big machinery vehicle, therefore carry out smoothly safely for guaranteeing, must be equipped with the personnel's unified command that is skilled in technique.Operating personnel should be strict with the security regulations operation.

The transportation of nursery stock is wanted rapidly in time, avoids wind God's will seedling.Keep driving in transit steadily, during than long-distance transportation, stop off should be parked under the tree shade, and often sprays water to nursery stock; Long-distance transportation, big tree must band Tu Tuo.

Loading and unloading and transportation should protect treesEspecially root system, native ball and wooden case should guarantee that it is intact.Tree crown should be crowded around, and trunk is wanted packaging protecting.During entrucking root system, native ball, wooden case forward, tree crown prevents to rock backwards.

Load and unload naked trees, should be specifically noted that to protect rootReduce the root splitting, fracture, steady after the entrucking, squeeze sternly, and cover wet straw bag or tarpaulin and hide and protected.Should hang down in proper order when unloading.Loading and unloading native ball trees, should to protect native ball complete, and not loosing sticks together.Use the manila rope binding when loading and unloading, between rope and native ball, plank on the pad is put native ball surely after the entrucking simultaneously for this reason, with things such as plank chucking, does not make rolling.

Loading and unloading wooden case trees should guarantee that wooden case is intactKey is the bolt rope, lifting, at first with steel wire rope in the wooden case lower end about 1/3 place hurdle waistline live, fag end is inserted in the suspension hook.Fasten in the appropriate position of trunk by soft thing on suitable angle one headrest with the steel cable or the rope made of hemp more in addition, also be inserted in the suspension hook other end, tree crown is upturned after, find center of gravity, the protection trunk then can play sling cart.During entrucking, on the compartment earlier pad must not note when putting case and press steel wire rope than two of the lumps of wood of 10 * 10cm of the long 20cm of wooden case.The all perk superelevation parts of tree crown should be crowded around as far as possible.Tree crown does not mop floor, and puts steady support at the compartment afterbody for this reason, and soft thing on the pad (rush bag, straw bag) is in order to support trunk.

Should send the special messenger to escort goods on a train, truck, etc. during transportationEscort personnel should be familiar with grasping the trees kind, the place of unloading, transit route, situation such as obstacle on the way, escort personnel should be on the compartment and should with driver's close fit.At any time get rid of running disorder.

Handle standing tree navicert alive and plant quarantine certificate

Ask relevant departments such as traffic, municipal administration, public, telecommunication to on-the-spot before the construction, cooperate and get rid of construction obstacle and also handle necessary formality.To handle the relevant work that check-in such as standing tree navicert alive and plant quarantine certificate before setting up fortune greatly.

Transplanting big tree technology and staff training

Transplanting big tree technology and relevant workmen's training also are one of important contents of preparation.When having worked out transplanting big tree technical regulation and safe construction points for attention, the clear and definite staff's responsibility and the division of labor cooperatively interact, and coordination linkage guarantees that each work of transplanting big tree carries out according to plan in order, avoids the generation of all unexpected major accidents.Suggestion preferably will be by professional contingent's unified construction.

Big fragrant camphor tree is transplanted

Planting technique is handled: in order to ensure planting survival rate, should note the following problem and take corresponding technical measures in the process of planting.

The time of planting is determined

The outbalance on the opportunity of planting of fragrant camphor tree.Spring with 3The middle ten days and the last ten days moon extremely 4In the middle of the month, autumn is to be advisable September; Plant and want in time promptly should plant at once through the fragrant camphor tree seedling of pruning.If transportation range is far away, then root root and stem of certain plants place will be wrapped up so that preserve moisture with wet grass, plastic film etc., and also more available transpiration inhibitor is preserved moisture.The time of planting is preferably in before at 11 o'clock in the morning or after at 16 o'clock in afternoon, as long as then avoid the date of severe cold in the winter time.

Plant

Will pay attention to sunny side before planting, be exactly the one side of big tree Chaoyang, also can refer to the one side of 12 noon towards the sun.Be marked with the mark of Chaoyang at trunk, smear mark as red lacquer, fluorescent paint.The sunny side angle of planting can not deviation more than 10 °, otherwise survival rate reduces.Planting plant hole will excavate by general technical regulation, wants basal dressing at the bottom of the cave and lays the fine earth bed course, and planting soil should loosen fertile.The binder of fragrant camphor tree seedling is removed, in kind of plant hole, sapling attentioned and plant (face of viewing and admiring of noting tree), insert real soil after banketing again and continue to banket and push up to the cave.At last, around sapling, make the cofferdam of blocking water.　

Big tree field planting method is as follows:

4.2.1 will do sterilizing pesticide to cave soil before the transplanting big tree handlesAvailable soil disinfectant (new Chaoyang, Chengdu biochemistry corporation,Ltd. provides) or 50% powder of carbendazim (production of Jiangsu Province Zhonggang Parm Chemical Co., Ltd., Xinyi City) etc. are mixed native sterilization and disinsection by different proportion (percentage by weight: 1:1 or 1:2 etc.).During conditions permit, it is standby also should to prepare a little nutrition soil in advance.During formal the transplanting, 20～30 centimetres of nutrition soil of shop one deck at the bottom of the cave slowly hang in big tree in the plant pit by crane earlier.Secondly, before getting off and after entering the hole, carry out necessary processing to big tree.The one, the spray medicine: big wound (cross section otch) the coating callus plastics to trunk, root, promote wound healing, anti-wound rots; Also on the tree body, spray anti-rising agent, reduce the loss of tree body moisture.Attention: need to spray again behind the anti-rising agent rain.

Setting upright the tree body fixesWill note the North and South direction problem of big tree this moment.The fixing general three-pole bracket fixation that adopts of tree body will be set body and firmly support, and will be askew to prevent that wind from blowing tree crown.Simultaneously, can guarantee that root system is firm, be beneficial to root growth.Generally big tree root is to recover and can remove after 1 year.

Backfill soilThen remove the wrappage on the native ball, with ABT root-inducing powder, microbial manure, bactericide soup etc. according to a certain percentage (percentage by weight: 1:1～100:1～100) irritate root, to strengthen the root system vigor, to take root fast.Banket then.Want back-filling in layers, layering having peace of mind when banketing, around the native ball and the face of land also will overlay nutrition soil.The not so good ground of sandy soil ground and water conservancy condition can apply water-loss reducer in right amount.The nutrition earthen backfill is intact good the limb frame of trees, frame is firm, waters normal root water for the first time, makes backfill soil fully absorb moisture, treats to add full soil again after water has oozed, and notices that this moment is not steady and sure again.Repair in the periphery at last and enclose mill weir together, water normal root water for the second time, necessarily water foot and irrigate, watered and to have noted observing the trunk ambient earth behind the water and whether sink or ftracture, have then in time to add soil and fill and lead up.Big for the third time tree moisturizing is after one week of field planting, and the moisturizing of the 4th big tree is after three weeks of field planting.

4.3 pour water

To pour water immediately after fragrant camphor tree is planted,, also will stir plant pit periphery soil, so that make the plant pit periphery can fill up soil by the effect of water with iron staff or wooden stick for camphor tree emitter edge with native ball.To note when pouring water not damaging earth cofferdam, will fill water in the earth cofferdam, allow water slowly soak down in kind of plant hole.For further improving planting survival rates, can in the water that is watered, add growth hormone, so that stimulate new root growth.Growth hormone generally adopts naa, earlier with of naa (Chongqing Shuan Feng agricultural chemicals Co., Ltd provide or the Henan Province roc prestige Science and Technology Ltd. production provide) dissolving of a small amount of alcohol with powdery, add clear water then, being made into concentration is the pouring liquid of 100～200PPm, as the first time normal root water water.

The special technique that fragrant camphor tree is transplanted is handled

" 4.4.1 turn round greatly, big native ball "" turning round greatly " is exactly that big tree goes the treetop dynamics to want big, will only stay 1～2 to have directionality (can identify the former direction of planting) treetop or only leave trunk very much, and all the other branch remove." big native ball " is exactly that the big fragrant camphor tree usage tree root soil ball of transplanting wants big, and for 8～10 times of base portion tree-walk, than big under the normal condition, native ball is big more, and root system is complete more, the easy more success (2.4.3) of planting.

Root adds the methyl root-inducing powder when plantingMethod is with 4.3.Naa, earlier with of naa (Chongqing Shuan Feng agricultural chemicals Co., Ltd provide or the Henan Province roc prestige Science and Technology Ltd. production provide) dissolving of a small amount of alcohol with powdery, add clear water then, being made into concentration is the pouring liquid of 100～200PPm, as the first time normal root water water.

Planted priming leaf immediatelyAll extract for the bough leaf, do not stay any branches and leaves, prevent rising dehydration.

Young leaves sprays the blade face treasuredThe young leaves that sends for big tree must spray blade face treasured (Nanning City's Tianyuan is produced along rich Science and Technology Ltd.), improves nutrition and water absorbing capacity, promotes side shoot to sprout with sprouting and takes place, and sends out to enlarge leaf area, strengthens photosynthesis.800～1000 times of liquid of the precious spraying concentration in blade face.

Regularly waterBe afraid of most lack of water behind the transplanting big tree, the ground-level finding dry ground waters immediately, and the rainy day is noted draining the water away.General 20～30d waters water one time, and summer, evening, duty was watered.

Big fragrant camphor tree transplanting and management

Maintenance management work particular importance behind the big tree transplanting, it is crucial planting back 1 year, should be around being comprehensive maintenance management work at center to improve trees surviving rate, at first fund that should be necessary and tissue guarantee.Set up the special messenger, formulate concrete maintenance measure, carry out maintenance management.Nursery stock management and maintenance: owing to be to be not suitable for the fragrant camphor tree area of planting, therefore, fragrant camphor tree is planted the back and just need to strengthen maintenance management more.

Water

The water first time that waters and spray water after transplanting will irrigate, and soil and root are combined closely, and guarantees that plantation back soil and the native ball of big tree do not produce the space.Generally water permeable one or two time.At ordinary times, increase air humidity, reduce the transpiration of plant often to ground and camphor tree foliage spray clear water.In the summer of sweltering heat ,It is once permeable that the weather that run into drying, tans by the sun is wanted to irritate about every 7d, and continuous 3～4 get final product (morning or evening).Because big usage tree root is injured, absorbing capacity is relatively poor, and local subterranean water level is higher again, afterwards to spray water twice of every day to the trunk straw rope.To the trunk water spray is a long process, if straw rope rots to come off, can tie up new straw rope again, proceeds the operation of spraying water.

5.2 fertilising

Arboreal growth needs fertilizer, but the big tree of novel species is less important to the requirement of fertilizer.After the fragrant camphor tree field planting 4,5, spray a little foliage fertilizers (as amino acid chelated iron, the nursery stock dilution is beautiful and excellent rich mixed diluting etc.) month, the 15d fertilising once can improve photosynthetic efficiency at interval, activates biology enzyme, strengthens absorption and the conversion of plant to nutrition; 6,7, each fertilising in August once, fertilising will prevent the injury of fertilizer overrich to root based on nitrogenous fertilizer, earlier light back is dense.October, nursery stock entered vegetative period, should stop nitrogen fertilizer application.Next executes a little ferrous sulfate chemical fertilizer, and the soil around the improvement root system is regulated soil acidity or alkalinity, impels chlorophyll to form (also claiming iron fertilizer), can prevent and treat (yellows) that trees cause because of iron deficiency.Early October can spray mepiquat chloride to the trees branches and leaves, can regulate arboreal growth, and the terminal bud growing way is weakened, the control plant grows in length and breadth, the plant type compactness, and the leaf color depth is thick, and leaf area reduces, and strengthen chlorophyllous synthesizing, can prevent the prosperous length of plant, its trees are better survived the winter.

It is antifreeze to survive the winter

5.3.1 spray chlormequat during White Dew～Cold DewWhite Dew, continuous 5 days of daily mean temperature was smaller or equal to 22 ℃, more than or equal to 10 ℃.In Cold Dew, the most of area of China is under cold anticyclone control, and finish rainy season.Often be vast clear sky, warm up the cold at night daytime, one in late autumn scene.Spray chlormequat during White Dew～Cold Dew, work as temperature exactly and will spray chlormequat (Zheng Zhourun reaches chemical products Co., Ltd to be provided) during 20 ℃ to～5 ℃, spray concentration is 200～250mg/kg soup, number of times 1～5 time, till new growing point stops growing, help surviving the winter.

The tree body is antifreezeBig tree is twined straw rope, the plastic material film in outside, the warming water evaporates that prevents of trunk at the phase trunk of surviving the winter.Ground covers unregistered land film, heat absorption, temperature raising, antifreeze.When stablizing more than 15 ℃, removes temperature the striping of restricting up to next year.

Regularly waterSoil temperature prevents soil freezing regularly watering under the film daytime more than 0 ℃, and moisture can not ooze down, prevents to insult to lift phenomenon.Water 1～5 time.

Execute the fertilizer of surviving the winterOverwintering period cooperates the application of phosphoric acid diamines that waters (going up too chemical industry Development Co., Ltd supply of hamming): be radioactivity strip ditch spread (4～10), ditch depth 5～15cm apart from the annular ditch spread in root 50～100cm place or from the ring root under the mulch film.Every tree 0.5～2kg.Apply fertilizer 1～5 time.

Spray anti-icing fluidOne month earlier spray plant antifreezing agent 2～5 time to big period Slight Cold Winter Solstice, to strengthen freezing tolerance.Spray best before strong cold current arrives.The trees that tree crown is bigger should be pruned sparse branch, can avoid the strong wind invasion and attack, can reduce volatilization energy again.In the winter of cold, then should take ground cover grass, place, air port tree side set up air partition, trunk with methods such as straw wrappings (place that wind is big and temperature is lower should on the basis of straw wrapping, add tie up film), keep soil temperature and prevent cold damage.

Maintenance

Maintenance work after the transplanting.Note to prune behind the big tree transplanting, the removal of tiller, normal bud progressively change the tree type of cultivating after surviving growth again.The trees of commute generation damage by disease and insect should have the special messenger often to observe, the control in time of taking measures.Strengthen keeping an eye on maintenance, prevent natural disaster and artificial destruction.

5.4.1 the transfusion of big tree, filling rootFor some big trees that is difficult for surviving, in time infusing to big tree after field planting, (transplanting big tree survives liquid (setting nutrient solution greatly), Henan Province roc prestige Science and Technology Ltd. produces), root irrigation (productions of Henan Province roc prestige Science and Technology Ltd.), its mechanism of action is the same with medically using garter to inject to infuse reason.Under the more weak situation of tree body growing way, trees are directly supplemented the nutrients and moisture, usually summer the concentration of infusing be difficult for too highly, can correspondingly improve in the spring and autumn concentration of infusing. Big tree infusion method:With the steel bit of 5mm at 10～20cm place overhead, tilt 45 °, to bore be the hole (specifically drilling depth, drilling hole amount are decided according to the trunk trunk diameter) of 5cm deeply.The syringe needle of woven hose is inserted 4cm in the trunk boring, do not spill the tree body with liquid and be as the criterion.The aperture will be coated with tonic (production of Henan Province roc prestige Science and Technology Ltd.) brushing with wound, and short the recovery grown.The water quality of preparation parenteral solution must clean, free from admixture, and to infusion bag shade in addition, prevents liquid medicine contamination.Tree bulk absorption soup speed objectively reflects the trees rate of metabolism.When normal root water is watered in first three time, should in water, add an amount of big tree root power (No. 2, big tree root power, selling Co., Ltd by the precious electronic product of the green edge in Jiangmen provides) or root-growing agent etc., promote big tree to send new root, help improving big tree survival rate.

5.4.2 the anti-dehydration of preventing disease pest controlBig tree cuts, transplants by the saw in the transplanting process, and wound is many, rudiment is tender, causes the resistivity of tree body to descend, and very easily suffers the invasion and attack of various damage by disease and insect.Whole growth in season the maintenance work personnel must note observing, accomplish to put prevention first, find that damage by disease and insect controls early, guarantee to control early, control little, cure, controlled, big tree is grown up healthy and sound.In order to keep trunk humidity, reduce the bark water evaporates, available straw rope that soaks or straw screen or mat with the full straw rope of clay mud paste of modulation, also can often be preserved moisture the whole Bao Yan of trunk of tree later on again to the trunk water spray.

Claims (1)

1. the transplanting method of a big fragrant camphor tree comprises that big fragrant camphor tree is selected, big fragrant camphor tree is transplanted, big fragrant camphor tree is transplanted transportation, big fragrant camphor tree is transplanted, big fragrant camphor tree transplanting and management five parts, it is characterized in that:

(1) big fragrant camphor tree is selected

According to the principle of designing requirement and matching species with the site, select tree-like, damage by disease and insect situation, habit of growth, longitude and latitude, height above sea level correlation technique index;

(2) big fragrant camphor tree is transplanted

Big fragrant camphor tree was transplanted preceding 1～3 year, and the one, the processing of being completely cured; The 2nd, trimming leaf; In addition, for be not completely cured, branches and leaves are pruned heels in advance;

(2.1) processing of being completely cured

Big fragrant camphor tree is transplanted the processing of will being completely cured in preceding 1～3 year: in spring or autumn, at distance trunk 50～150cm, be 8～10 times of the trunk diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground around excavate annular ditch, the degree of depth 40～100cm, carry out root system and block, spray commercially available transplanting big tree root-inducing powder dilution on section, this transplanting big tree root-inducing powder dilution is by 400～600 times of dilutions, ridging then, compacting soil; For preventing lodging bamboo pole A-frame helping;

(2.2) trimming leaf

Branch is in time pruned in the orientation that correspondence is completely cured, and wound is with the commercially available big tree wound mouth liniment of healing: dip in hairbrush or wood chip and get the big tree wound mouth liniment of healing, evenly be coated with the plant wound, promote wound healing;

(2.3) big fragrant camphor tree is heeled in

For do not carry out before the big tree transplanting be completely cured and handle to heel in advance, heel in the length of time by big tree, will heel in and be divided three classes: heel in, short-term is heeled in and heel in for a long time, division is as follows temporarily:

(2.3.1) heel in temporarily:After big tree is transported to the construction site, can not be with to planting, but the time of placement is very short, be no more than 2 days standing time, take to heel in temporarily; Usually use wet straw bag, rush bag sheet or tarpaulin with naked root tree root Bao Yan, place several hrs; Be emitted on naked root tree in the native ditch or the ground of loosening the soil, seedling root covered completely, heel in 1～2 day with wet soil; Be with the big tree of native ball as can not in time planting, also need neat discharging, suitably spray water moistening after, with wet straw bag overburden soil ball, native bulb diameter is 8～10 times of big tree base footpath;

(2.3.2) short-term is heeled in:If the fortune of having dug in early days at greening construction is set greatly, and the building site condition of planting does not also possess at that time, needs to set a bit of time of appropriate preservation greatly, is generally 7～30 days, carries out short-term to heel in; Heel in and before big tree germinates, to carry out; The seeds that germinate morning were pruned before heeling in, and can heel in the phase by proper extension like this; To the big tree late and that can plant in a short time that germinates, then heel in advance, when planting, prune again; To dig in advance when naked root tree is heeled in and heel in ditch, furrow width 2～3m, ditch depth 50～60cm, ditch length is decided according to landform, area, will set greatly then by the specification layering and laterally discharge along ditch, covers the moistening loam of one deck between every row; Cover and want tight, root system is not exposed; The big tree of band ball transplanting will set upright plant when heeling in, and the big tree quantity of heeling in should be heeled in by the specification classification more for a long time; With two behaviors, one row, spacing in the rows is as the criterion with irrelevant the disturbing of tree crown, should keep a passage that 6～8m is wide between two rows; After big tree sequences, earth up on native ball, ridging is to 1/3 place of native ball height;

(2.3.3) heel in for a long time:The greening and afforestation engineering is if run into special circumstances, as the construction of can't planting in spring, but when tree has been dug out greatly, then needs to adopt the method for heeling in for a long time; Heel in big tree 2～3 months with this method, big tree normal growth during heeling in, when planting field planting big tree growth unaffected, can bring into play afforestation effect after planting; Concrete grammar is that naked root tree is adopted " artificial native ball " technology, earlier by the big size of setting specification, dig the heatable adobe sleeping platform of a native ball size, the earlier rush bag and the straw rope of lay packing usefulness in heatable adobe sleeping platform, and the rope of using for the native ball of choosing are inserted soil and big usage tree root then, with filling out with treading, make artificial native ball, with rope native ball is proposed heatable adobe sleeping platform again, with the real native ball of straw rope bundle; Before the manufacture of intraocular soil ball, will be ready to the bar basket by native gauge ball lattice earlier, basket is weaved into the twigs of the chaste tree or bamboo chip, solid firm, after artificial native ball is made, is placed on immediately in the bar basket, with the rope made of hemp native ball and bar basket is tightened again; The big tree of band ball transplanting if also need heel in for a long time, then also will be contained in native ball in the bar basket by native gauge ball lattice braiding bar basket; Surpass 80cm as native bulb diameter, then will make wooden case and more native ball is contained in the wooden case with plank; With the big tree that the bar basket is heeled in for a long time, when planting, plant the bar basket in the cave together; The big tree of heeling in for a long time will be pruned by the pruning technique requirement at the initial stage of heeling in; Basket is adorned big tree and will be divided the seeds block pattern row pattern, and a small amount of soil of stacking around the basket is with stable basket ball;

(2.4) big fragrant camphor tree is transplanted

(2.4.1) select the trees transplanted: should select trunk perfectly straight, the bark color is fresh, the fragrant camphor tree of transplanting in the tree vigo(u)r stalwartness and nearest 2 years, and its newborn radicula all concentrates on the butt position, and the survival rate of trees is higher;

(2.4.2) adopt the nursery stock of heeling in: heel in the later fragrant camphor tree seedling of some months, its root root and stem of certain plants place begins to grow new root, and the activity of root is more vigorous, plants also to survive than being easier in unfavorable season;

(2.4.3) select the bigger nursery stock of native ball:The fragrant camphor tree seedling that digs out from the nursery, its native ball should be 8～10 times of tree base footpath, and than big under the normal condition, native ball is big more, and root system is complete more, the easy more success of planting;

(2.4.4) trimming and finishing: the pruning of fragrant camphor tree seedling: nursery stock need not carry out root to be pruned, and only tree crown is pruned to get final product; During pruning, connect a branch band leaf and cut 1/3 ~ 1/2 of tree crown, reduce the loss of water of full tree, but should keep basic tree-like,, reach afforestation effect as early as possible to accelerate into scape speed with the way that significantly reduces leaf area; When beta pruning, clip will be close to trunk, does not stay pipe nipple, does not tear bark, and the wound should be coated with the commercially available trauma agent/ointment of smearing; Big tree is handled when pruning, and mainly some withered branches, overstocked branch is done suitable pruning; Clip is sealed with plastic film, vaseline, varnish or application-specific wounds liniment;

(3) big fragrant camphor tree is transplanted transportation

(3.1) the transit route prospecting is prepared with machinery

The transportation of nursery stock is will the time short, timeliness is fast, avoids wind and rain sky transportation nursery stock; Keep driving steadily in transit, during than long-distance transportation, summer stop off should be parked under the tree shade, winter should be in the sun, should often spray water to nursery stock summer; Long-distance transportation, big tree must be with Tu Tuo;

(3.1.1) loading and unloading and transportation should protect trees: root system, native ball and wooden case should guarantee that it is intact; Tree crown is used and is preserved moisture, is incubated and crowds around, and trunk is wanted packaging protecting; During entrucking root system, native ball, wooden case forward, tree crown prevents to rock backwards;

(3.1.2) naked trees of loading and unloading should be specifically noted that to protect root: reduce the root splitting, fracture, steady after the entrucking, squeeze sternly, and cover wet straw bag or tarpaulin and hide and protected; Should hang down in proper order when unloading; Loading and unloading native ball trees, should to protect native ball complete, and not loosing sticks together; Use the manila rope binding when loading and unloading, between rope and native ball, plank on the pad is put native ball surely after the entrucking, tightens with plank simultaneously for this reason;

(3.1.3) loading and unloading wooden case trees should guarantee that wooden case is intact: key is the bolt rope, lifting, at first with steel wire rope in the wooden case lower end about 1/3 place hurdle waistline live, fag end is inserted in the suspension hook; Fasten in the appropriate position of trunk by soft thing on suitable angle one headrest with the steel cable or the rope made of hemp more in addition, also be inserted in the suspension hook other end, tree crown is upturned after, find center of gravity, the protection trunk then can play sling cart; During entrucking, on the compartment earlier pad must not note when putting case and press steel wire rope than two of the lumps of wood of 10 * 10cm of the long 20cm of wooden case; The all perk superelevation parts of tree crown should be crowded around as far as possible; Tree crown does not mop floor, and puts steady support at the compartment afterbody for this reason, and soft thing rush bag, straw bag are in order to support trunk on the pad;

(4) big fragrant camphor tree is transplanted

(4.1) transplanting time is determined

Spring with 3The middle ten days and the last ten days moon extremely 4In the middle of the month, be transplanting period autumn with September; Plant and want in time promptly should plant at once through the fragrant camphor tree seedling of pruning; If transportation range is far away, then root root and stem of certain plants place is careless with wetting, plastic film is wrapped up so that preserve moisture or preserve moisture with transpiration inhibitor; The time of planting then will be avoided the date of severe cold before at 11 o'clock in the morning or after at 16 o'clock in afternoon in the winter time;

(4.2) transplant

Will pay attention to sunny side before planting, be exactly the one side of big tree Chaoyang, also refers to the one side of 12 noon towards the sun; Be marked with the mark of Chaoyang at trunk, smear mark with red lacquer, fluorescent paint; The sunny side angle of planting can not deviation more than 10 °, otherwise survival rate reduces; Planting plant hole will excavate by general technical regulation, wants basal dressing at the bottom of the cave and lays the fine earth bed course, and planting soil should loosen fertile; The binder of fragrant camphor tree seedling is removed, in kind of plant hole, sapling attentioned and plant, insert real soil after banketing again and continue to banket and push up to the cave; At last, around sapling, make the cofferdam of blocking water;

(4.2.1) will do sterilizing pesticide to cave soil before the transplanting big tree handles:With commercially available soil disinfectant or 50% powder of carbendazim by weight percentage: 1:1 or 1:2 mix native sterilization and disinsection; Simultaneously, it is standby also should to prepare a little nutrition soil in advance; During formal the transplanting, at first 20～30 centimetres of nutrition soil of shop one deck at the bottom of the cave slowly hang in big tree in the plant pit by crane; Secondly, before getting off and after entering the hole, carry out necessary processing to big tree; The one, the spray medicine: the commercially available callus plastics of big wound coating to trunk, root, promote wound healing, anti-wound rots; Also on the tree body, spray commercially available anti-rising agent, reduce the loss of tree body moisture; Attention: anti-rising agent need spray after spraying and meeting rain again;

(4.2.2) setting upright the tree body fixes: will note the North and South direction problem of big tree this moment: the fixing three-pole bracket fixation that adopts of tree body, and will set body and firmly support, askew to prevent that wind from blowing tree crown; Simultaneously, can guarantee that root system is firm, be beneficial to root growth; Big tree root is to recover and can remove after 1 year;

(4.2.3) backfill soil: then remove the wrappage on the native ball, with ABT root-inducing powder, microbial manure, bactericide soup etc. by weight percentage: 1:1～100:1～100; Irritate root, to strengthen the root system vigor, to take root fast; Banket then; Want back-filling in layers, layering having peace of mind when banketing, around the native ball and the face of land also will overlay nutrition soil; Sandy soil ground and the not so good place of water conservancy condition apply water-loss reducer; The nutrition earthen backfill is intact good the limb frame of trees, frame is firm, waters normal root water for the first time, makes backfill soil fully absorb moisture, treats to add full soil again after water has oozed, and notices that this moment is not steady and sure again; Repair in the periphery at last and enclose mill weir together, water normal root water for the second time, necessarily water foot and irrigate, watered and to have noted observing the trunk ambient earth behind the water and whether sink or ftracture, have then in time to add soil and fill and lead up; Big for the third time tree moisturizing is after one week of field planting, and the moisturizing of the 4th big tree is after three weeks of field planting;

(4.3) pour water

To pour water immediately after fragrant camphor tree is planted,, also will stir plant pit periphery soil,, allow water slowly soak down in kind of plant hole so that make the plant pit periphery can fill up soil by the effect of water with iron staff or wooden stick for camphor tree emitter edge with native ball; For further improving planting survival rates, in the water that is watered, add growth hormone, so that stimulate new root growth; Growth hormone adopts naa, dissolves with the naa of a small amount of alcohol with powdery earlier, adds clear water then, and being made into concentration is the pouring liquid of 100～200PPm, as the first time normal root water water;

(4.4) special technique of fragrant camphor tree transplanting is handled

(4.4.1) " turn round greatly, big native ball ":" turning round greatly " is exactly that big tree goes the treetop dynamics to want big, wants ruthless, only leaves trunk; " big native ball " is exactly that the big fragrant camphor tree usage tree root soil ball of transplanting wants big, is 8～10 times of foundation portion tree-walk, and than big under the normal condition, native ball is big more, and root system is complete more, the easy more success of planting;

Root adds the methyl root-inducing powder when (4.4.2) planting:Method is with the using method of naa root-inducing powder in (4.3);

(4.4.3) planted priming leaf immediately: all extract for the bough leaf, do not stay any branches and leaves, prevent rising dehydration;

(4.4.4) young leaves sprays the blade face treasured: the young leaves that sends for big tree must spray the blade face treasured, improves nutrition and water absorbing capacity, promotes side shoot to sprout sprouting, enlarges leaf area, strengthens photosynthesis; 800～1000 times of liquid of the precious spraying concentration in blade face;

(4.4.5) regularly water: be afraid of lack of water behind the transplanting big tree most, the ground-level finding dry ground waters immediately, and the rainy day is noted draining the water away; 20～30d waters water one time, and summer, evening, duty was watered;

(5) big fragrant camphor tree transplanting and management

(5.1) water

The water first time that waters and spray water after transplanting will irrigate, and soil and root are combined closely, and guarantees that plantation back soil and the native ball of big tree do not produce the space; Water permeable one or two time; At ordinary times, increase air humidity, reduce the transpiration of plant often to ground and camphor tree foliage spray clear water; In the summer of sweltering heat ,It is permeable that the weather that run into drying, tans by the sun will be irritated; Because big usage tree root is injured, absorbing capacity is relatively poor, and local subterranean water level is higher again, afterwards to spray water twice of every day to the trunk straw rope; To the trunk water spray is a long process, if straw rope rots to come off, ties up new straw rope again, proceeds the operation of spraying water;

(5.2) fertilising

Arboreal growth needs fertilizer, but the big tree of novel species is less important to the requirement of fertilizer; After the fragrant camphor tree field planting 4, spray a little foliage fertilizers May, the 15d fertilising once improves photosynthetic efficiency at interval, activates biology enzyme, strengthens absorption and the conversion of plant to nutrition; 6,7, each fertilising in August once, fertilising will prevent the injury of fertilizer overrich to root based on nitrogenous fertilizer, earlier light back is dense; October, nursery stock entered vegetative period, should stop nitrogen fertilizer application; Next executes a little ferrous sulfate chemical fertilizer, and the soil around the improvement root system is regulated soil acidity or alkalinity, impels chlorophyll and iron fertilizer to form, the yellows that the control trees cause because of iron deficiency; Early October sprays mepiquat chloride to the trees branches and leaves, can regulate arboreal growth, and the terminal bud growing way is weakened, and the control plant grows in length and breadth, the plant type compactness, and the leaf color depth is thick, and leaf area reduces, and strengthens chlorophyllous synthesizing, and prevents the prosperous length of plant, and its trees are better survived the winter;

(5.3) survive the winter antifreeze

(5.3.1) spray chlormequat during White Dew～Cold Dew: spray chlormequat during White Dew～Cold Dew, work as temperature exactly and will spray commercially available chlormequat during 20 ℃ to～5 ℃, spray concentration is 200～250mg/kg soup, and number of times 1～5 time till new growing point stops growing, helps surviving the winter;

(5.3.2) the tree body is antifreeze: big tree is twined straw rope, the plastic material film in outside, the warming water evaporates that prevents of trunk at the phase trunk of surviving the winter; Ground covers unregistered land film, heat absorption, temperature raising, antifreeze; When stablizing more than 15 ℃, removes temperature the striping of restricting up to next year;

(5.3.3) regularly water: soil temperature prevents soil freezing regularly watering under the film daytime more than 0 ℃, and moisture can not ooze down, prevents to insult to lift phenomenon; Water 1～5 time;

(5.3.4) execute the fertilizer of surviving the winter:Overwintering period cooperates the application of phosphoric acid diamines that waters: be the ditch spread of radioactivity strip, 4～10, ditch depth 5～15cm apart from the annular ditch spread in root 50～100cm place or from the ring root under the mulch film; Every tree 0.5～2kg; Apply fertilizer 1～5 time;

(5.3.5) spray anti-icing fluid: one month earlier spray plant antifreezing agent 2～5 time to big period Slight Cold Winter Solstice, to strengthen freezing tolerance; Before arriving, strong cold current sprays; The trees that tree crown is bigger should be pruned sparse branch, can avoid the strong wind invasion and attack, can reduce volatilization energy again; In the winter of cold, then should take ground cover grass, place, air port tree side to set up air partition, trunk to wrap up with straw, the place that wind is big and temperature is lower should add on the basis of straw wrapping ties up film process, keeps soil temperature and prevents cold damage;

(5.4) maintenance

Maintenance work after the transplanting; Note to prune behind the big tree transplanting, the removal of tiller, normal bud progressively change the tree type of cultivating after surviving growth again; The trees of commute generation damage by disease and insect should have the special messenger often to observe, the control in time of taking measures;

(5.4.1) transfusion of big tree, filling root: for some big fragrant camphor trees that is difficult for surviving, be after field planting in time it is failed commercially available big tree nutrient solution, uses the nutrition liquid irrigating root simultaneously; Under the more weak situation of tree body growing way, trees are directly supplemented the nutrients and moisture, summer infuse concentration be difficult for too high, in the spring and autumn corresponding raising of concentration of infusing; Big tree infusion method: with the steel bit of 5mm at 10～20cm place overhead, tilt 45 °, to bore dark be the hole of 5cm; The syringe needle of woven hose is inserted 4cm in the trunk boring, do not spill the tree body with liquid and be as the criterion; The aperture will be coated with the tonic brushing with commercially available wound, and short the recovery grown; The water quality of preparation parenteral solution must clean, free from admixture, and to infusion bag shade in addition, prevents liquid medicine contamination; Tree bulk absorption soup speed objectively reflects the trees rate of metabolism; When normal root water is watered in first three time, should in water, add an amount of commercially available big tree root power or root-growing agent, promote big tree to send new root, help improving big tree survival rate;

(5.4.2) the anti-dehydration of preventing disease pest control: big tree cuts, transplants by the saw in the transplanting process, and wound is many, rudiment is tender, causes the resistivity of tree body to descend, and very easily suffers the invasion and attack of various damage by disease and insect; Whole growth in season putting prevention first, find that damage by disease and insect controls early; In order to keep trunk humidity, reduce the bark water evaporates,, with the full straw rope of clay mud paste of modulation, often preserve moisture later on again the whole Bao Yan of trunk of tree with the straw rope that soaks or straw screen or mat to the trunk water spray.