CN107711406B - Method for transplanting large seedlings and medium trees by using whole roots and whole branches or multiple branches - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for transplanting big or medium tree with whole root and multiple branches includes such steps as digging out all the roots of big or medium tree, binding them to a combined triangular frame made on trunk, binding the bent big roots to the combined triangular frame, binding all the small roots to the combined triangular frame, binding all the roots with mud rope or straw, wetting, protecting the roots, lifting the big or medium tree together with the big tree, transplanting, removing the roots, burying them together with rope and straw, transplanting big or medium tree, digging, transplanting, and growing.

Description

Method for transplanting large seedlings and medium trees by using whole roots and whole branches or multiple branches

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of tree transplantation and tree maintenance and management.

Background

Street trees, square trees and yard trees for greening in cities become the favorite of pedestrians and leisure people, particularly larger trees, trees with more shady shade in summer and special trees are popular with people, people particularly like big trees in pursuit of forest cities, the larger trees and the trees with longer tree ages are popular, street trees in cities are conditioned or high-grade roads are planted with street trees, but the transplanted trees grow for many years, so that the transplanted trees become larger.

In all cities and all towns, big trees are transplanted, the trees want to catch the cool in the early days, nursery stocks cultivated by nursery stock companies are larger and larger, the market meets the needs of people, however, the current method for transplanting the tree seedlings still has the advantages that the soil balls at the roots of the trees are the largest as possible, the soil balls are wrapped as best as possible, the soil balls are not loosened, (relevant departments have regulations of the transplanted tree seedlings and the trees) the roots in the soil balls are not damaged, the roots in the transplanted soil balls grow as soon as possible, the big trees are high in survival rate and grow as soon as possible after survival, leaves grow, but people do not want, the roots in the soil balls are just a percentage of the original trees, a big tree seedling with the diameter of 20cm is presumed, the roots in the soil balls are just below one percent of the trees during transplanting, so that the branches are firstly sawed to cut the trunks of the transplanted trees, the leaves of the transplanted trees are reduced, and the evaporation of the trees is reduced, the survival rate of the transplanted tree is improved, and the survival rate is improved by 95% in spring, 70% in other seasons, particularly in summer, and the transplanted tree grows normally only 1-3 years after survival (each tree species has a short survival time), so that the street trees of the whole street transplanted in summer are usually seen to have no survival, and the street trees are also seen to have a part of leaves in a false survival state, but the trees do not have leaves in the next year. The transplanted tree cannot survive due to only one reason, namely, the transplanted tree root is too few, and the transplanted tree cannot survive easily when the diameter of the transplanted tree exceeds 10 cm.

The tree roots grow underground and cannot be seen, but people know how many branches and leaves exist on the tree, how many roots exist under the tree, and the fact that the number of the branches and leaves is in direct proportion to the number of the roots is also known. Meanwhile, the tree root also has self growth regulation capability, self growth elimination function and self growth restoration capability, the root and the root below one side of the trunk are usually seen to be particularly thick under the large tree, the root is supposed to grow well originally, the moisture is rich and the nutrients are sufficient, the root grows well, and the growth of the small root is eliminated in the same way. People often work under trees for various reasons, dig up soil under the trees, damage some roots and even dig up the big roots, but see that the leaves are not greatly influenced and grow as well, which is the regulating function of the big trees, good roots at other places naturally absorb more water to supply the growth of the leaves, so that the growth influence of the big trees is small, but the roots are damaged a lot, the self-repairing capability of the trees is not good, the transplanted trees damage the roots to the maximum, the length of one side of the root is estimated to be 4 meters by calculating one big seedling with the diameter of 20 centimeters, the total root is an inverted triangle with the diameter of 8 meters multiplied by 6 meters, the calculated volume is more than one hundred of cubic meters, while the soil ball during transplantation is not 0.5 cubic meter, even if the density of the root under the trunk is large, the root is more than one time, and 99 percent of roots are lost during transplantation of one tree, although some trees have strong self-repairing capability (sycamore), the tree with 1% of roots left cannot be as long as the tree before transplantation, and the survival rate of the transplanted tree is improved, which is the effort of all forestry and greening personnel, only a patent publication has dozens of applications for improving the survival rate of the transplanted tree, the method with more than ten applications is good for binding earth balls, digging earth balls, and reasonably hoisting and transporting methods, and the like, compared with the prior art, the applications have a little progress, and have the progress in comparison with the current lines and some local laws and regulations issued by the industry, only the tree roots lost by the transplanted tree are more, and more tree roots are transplanted at the same time when the transplanted tree is not seen, so in reality, the transplanted tree is transplanted on a street tree with the diameter of 20cm at the side of a road, (the sycamore planted in a yellow river basin and easy to survive) has no hundred survival, and the big seedlings transplanted in midsummer are seen to be dead completely, a plurality of leaves grow in the first year of some trees, no false live phenomena such as the leaves grow out in the second year exist, half of the trees survive, all the survived trees survive only in the first year, and the transplanted survived trees grow normally after 1-3 years.

A secondary transplanting method for the big seedlings is also provided, namely the transplantable big seedlings are dug out by soil balls and transplanted in local tree digging holes, the transplantable big seedlings are transplanted and cultivated, after 1-3 years, the survivable big seedlings are selected and transplanted to a required street tree or other places, the survival rate is greatly improved, the method is finely applied for patent, only the seedlings are hardly grown in the 1-3 years (the trunk diameter is not thick), the time of 1-3 years is actually wasted, the method also comprises the input of manpower and substances, the occupation of a nursery garden is realized, and the survival rate is only improved or is not survivable.

In order to improve the survival rate of the transplanted tree, a plurality of people have many reports in research methods, have many patent applications, have a plurality of aspects, have transplanting methods, have soil ball advanced methods for wrapping and protecting roots, have chemical preparation development, have two-step transplanting and cultivating roots in soil balls, reasonably water the transplanted tree, and the like, and have no view of transplanting other roots of the tree beyond the range of the soil balls.

The invention discloses a 2011 patent 201110100604.X, which relates to a method for cultivating a big tree trunk with long roots and transplanting the big tree trunk, and the method is to wrap soil on the big tree trunk to cultivate trunk roots, the trunk roots are more cultivated when the big tree trunk is larger, the roots on the trunk are transplanted together when the big tree trunk is transplanted, the lost underground roots are replaced by the roots on the trunk, when the big tree trunk is transplanted to survive and the underground roots are more, the soil on the trunk and the trunk roots are gradually removed from top to bottom, finally the roots on the trunk are all removed, the transplanted big tree becomes a complete big tree, but the method has long time, the longest year is written in the specification, the possible time of the big tree is long, and the method can only be used for big trees and ancient trees with the diameter of more than 50 cm.

In the experiment for cultivating the trunk and the root, the soil condition is good, the underground root grows upwards faster than the trunk root, and after the improvement, the inventor applies the patent 'method and device for cultivating the big tree with the upwards-growing root and transplanting the big tree', application No. 201610300317.6, the transplanting time is earlier than the previous transplanting time, the effect is good, the transplanting time is 2-3 years, and the transplanting method is mainly used for transplanting the big tree. The two methods are used for rescuing the big trees for various reasons, and the rescued big trees grow in one place. In reality, the most transplanted saplings are a street tree of a road, a residential greening tree, a landscape tree of a green land and a park, and the like, and the saplings develop towards large saplings.

At present, city construction speed is very fast, road construction is also very fast, people are also suitable for times of need, work speed is fast, and therefore, in order to catch up with project progress, a plurality of street trees can transplant street tree big tree seedlings regardless of current conditions in seasons, so that the survival rate of street trees planted on a new road in summer is often seen to be low, one street tree planted on the new road is less alive, the other street trees are big tree seedlings transplanted in spring, only water management and the like in the transplanting process or after transplantation are neglected, the survival rate of the street trees is low, actually, transplants or managers cannot understand or cannot be responsible for the family, or the output is insufficient, the transplanted big tree seedlings lose too many roots, and the trees accidentally transplanted at one point cannot resist the tree.

Disclosure of Invention

The method of the invention adopts the steps that all roots of the big sapling or the medium tree are dug out and are bound upwards on a combined tripod manufactured on a trunk, as long as the bendable big tree roots are bound on the combined tripod in a certain amount, all small tree roots are bound upwards on the combined tripod, all the tree roots are bound by mud straw ropes or mud straw and are kept wet, the tree roots during transportation are well protected, the big sapling and the middle tree are hoisted and transported into a transplanted tree pit, then the roots bound on the combined tripod are disassembled, and the roots together with the straw ropes and the straw are buried underground, so that the big sapling is transplanted by taking the most tree roots.

The invention is provided with the tripod like this, regard figure 1, figure 2 as the column, set up the tripod (21) at first, the tripod (21) adopts the square wood or shaped steel, three materials are put into the triangle alternately, the inner triangle is equilateral triangle, slightly greater than the trunk diameter, fix firmly on the middle point that every two crosses together with the screw (22), the fixed tripod is the most stable shelf, each transplanted tree sets up 2-3 identical tripods (21), the inner triangle of all tripods (21) adds the soft mat (29) to fix on the trunk (10), the triangle of all tripods aligns up and down, long vertical rod (23) and short vertical rod (25) fix on a horizontal shelf of the same direction of the upper and lower tripod separately, or fix on the cross bar of the same direction of the three tripods, fix firmly with the big nail or small screw (24), the short cross bar (26) connects on the little triangle that the tripod crosses out, the long cross bar (27) is connected with a big triangle which is forked out of the tripod and is fixed by a big nail or a small screw (24), three short cross bars and three long cross bars are fixed on the small triangle and the big triangle, namely 6 triangles are added, the originally arranged big tripod is more stable and firm, (28) the cross bar vertical bars are fixed on the long cross bar, three vertical bars comprising a long vertical bar (24) and a short vertical bar (26) are firstly connected and supported with an upper tripod and a lower tripod, and secondly, the most important three vertical bars are used for binding the dug tree root, and in practice, the three vertical bars can be randomly fixed at any place of the tripod according to requirements to form a combined tripod which is convenient for binding the dug tree root, (29) the soft cushion is arranged between the trunk (10) and the tripod (21) when the tripod is installed to protect the tree bark from being damaged, (30) the added long cross bar, (31) the added vertical bar, in order to stabilize the tripod, can support on soil ball (20) below long vertical rod (24), all roots of ligature on the combination tripod, all need not exceed six horizontal heads of tripod, it supports ground by the tripod horizontal head to lift by crane after laying down, can not bruise all roots of ligature, the combination tripod that sets up like this is very firm, the trunk is fixed at the tripod center, ligature all roots on the combination tripod, including the soil ball that the trunk was taken up, the lifting rope is tied up on arbitrary tripod, the tripod can be laid down on one side in arbitrary direction after lifting by crane, three big fork and the three little fork of tripod can both support, be convenient for transport.

The invention adopts the working steps that all the thin roots and the thick roots of the big saplings are dug out and are upwards tied on the combined tripod on the trunk, as long as the big saplings can be bent, the bent roots are tied on the combined tripod, the big saplings are hoisted and transported to the transplanted tree pit along with the big saplings, and then the roots tied on the combined tripod are disassembled and arranged to be buried underground;

A. preparing before digging trees; the combined tripod (figure 2) is fixed on the trunk, and after heavy rain or water is used for thoroughly watering the trunk, the bark of the tree root is not broken, and the thin root is not broken.

B. Digging a tree; digging roots of large seedlings with the diameter of 20cm at the periphery of 3-4 meters away from a trunk, digging trees in a nursery garden with the distance of 3 meters below, digging adjacent seedlings together, and digging the seedlings in a direction in a piece at least 1 meter deep.

C. The roots are wound with straw ropes and bound with straws; the dug big and small tree roots are all wound by a circle of straw ropes soaked with the mud, the small roots, the capillary roots and the big roots are wound with the straw ropes together, the small roots and the capillary roots are coated with rooting water once, and then the straw soaked with the mud is wrapped with the straw ropes to be tightened, all the roots are not exposed, and the straw ropes are kept moist.

D. Binding tree roots; all tree roots are dug out for transplantation, the dug tree roots cannot be broken, the capillary roots are bundled with the roots with a larger diameter, the left thin root (3) and the right thin root (7) are all upwards bound on a tripod or a vertical stick-dotted lines (13) and (17), and the small fork root (1) and the right small fork root (5) are also bound upwards on the larger roots-dotted lines (11) and (15).

E. Binding the big roots; big seedling of bellwood with diameter less than 20cm, growing tree with age of more than ten years, the diameter of the maximum root is less than 3 cm, the left big root (2) bends roughly to rotate around the combined tripod-dotted line (12), and is bound on each vertical stick or crosspiece of the combined tripod by soft rope, the root with diameter less than 2 cm of the right big root (6) is easy to bend, and is arbitrarily bent upwards-dotted line (16), and is bound on each part of the tripod by soft rope.

F. Treating bruised roots; dig the root often and bump the root skin broken when the root, the root pole rupture, bump broken skin wash clean with the clear water, press the broken skin back to former department again, tie up with strap or straw rope, the wooden pole rupture of some roots, as long as the skin is connecting in addition, wash clean with the clear water, wooden pole is aligned to connect, the root skin is put things ready and is wrapped, tie up with strap or straw rope, a wooden rod of reuse pastes in the rupture department, ligature together wooden rod and root (17) of rupture with strap or straw rope to it is firm to guarantee that the root rupture.

G. Vertical rods and crosspieces are added; can be added in more, the position is arbitrary, the purpose is convenient for ligature tree root to the root can not fall off when transporting.

H. Making soil balls (20); the diameter of the breast height of the tree is 20cm, the diameter of the soil ball (20) is larger than 80 cm, the soil ball is wound and bound by a straw rope, all the grown roots are exposed outside the straw rope, and when the digging depth exceeds 50 cm, the trunk is bound by a rope for a crane to be hoisted, so that the tree is prevented from falling down, and the safety is ensured.

J. The lowest root; the roots which go beyond the lower part are difficult to dig, the fine roots (4) below the dug soil ball are attached to the broken lines (14) on the soil ball (20) after the grass ropes are wound, all the roots which go up can be bound on the combined tripod, the roots which are arranged at the bottom can not be dug to include oversized roots, the roots are sawed off, the root skins are flat in section and not torn, and the sections are coated with disinfectant water and vaseline.

K. Trimming branches on the trees; the sick, bad and poor branches are removed, the number of the reserved branches is determined according to the number of the roots which can be taken away by digging, the reserved branches are in an umbrella shape, the overlong branches are trimmed and shortened, two thirds of the leaves are cut off, and the reserved branches (8) and (9) are bundled by ropes, namely dotted lines (18) and (19), so that the transportation is convenient.

Kk. high temperature sunny day; in summer, the branches and leaves are cut off more, and a black sun-proof net is covered at serious high temperature.

M, hoisting and transporting; the soil balls are bound well, the lifting ropes are bound at the lifting positions of the reserved tripods, the lower sides of the tripods which are laid down are also reserved, the soil balls are stably transported away by being hung on a transport cart, and all the straw ropes and the straws are sprinkled at any time before being planted, so that the soil balls are kept moist.

L, planting; the tree pit is dug as large as possible, the depth of the tree pit exceeds the height of the soil ball by 10cm, the tree soil ball is lifted and placed into the tree pit, the bound roots below the soil ball are firstly disassembled, the roots of the wound straw rope and the bound straw are placed into the tree pit, the roots are laid in the tree pit in a growing manner, a certain amount of fertile soil is added, the soil ball is placed into the tree pit, all the roots on the tripod are gradually disassembled after the trunk is erected, the roots of the wound straw rope and the bound straw are buried together, the roots of the original tree root are placed into the tree pit in a growing manner, a layer of soil is added in the height of the original tree root layer, the tree pit is dug to be not large, the overlong tree root comprises a large root bent round disc and is coiled in the tree pit, and finally the tripod can be disassembled.

N, watering; a circle of 10cm high ridge is formed around a tree pit with roots, a stick with the diameter of 2 cm is inserted into the tree pit at an interval of 60 cm, the depth of the stick reaches the bottom of the tree pit, soil in the tree pit is slightly treaded down, the stick is pulled out, sand is filled into holes of the stick, water is filled into the ridge of the tree pit for the first time, the ridge is filled with water again after the water penetrates, the ridge is filled with water again after the water hits a particularly dry tree pit and is filled with water for the third time in a particularly dry weather, water is filled again after 3-7 days, the water is not watered in rainy days, the ridge is opened in heavy rain, the gap is blocked when the water is watered in a sunny day, the watering interval is longer after several months, the water is not used in sunny days, high temperature and dry days, and the water is not used for natural growth.

The advantages of transplanting large saplings by such a method are; the manufactured tripod is stable and firm, can bind all dug roots to the maximum extent, and ensures that the tree roots are not damaged during hoisting and transportation. The root of the transplanted tree is few, the diameter at breast height is less than 20cm, or the common tree, at most 80% of the root can be transplanted successfully, although some roots are coiled in the pit, the root has the instinct of absorbing water when contacting water, and the root can provide more water to the leaves. Most of the branches on the tree are reserved, so that the tree shape of one tree is reserved, more than two thirds of the leaves are removed, so that the roots can still supply the residual leaves, and the excessive water can promote the branches to grow new leaves. And all the roots are wrapped by slurry straw ropes or straws, the wet straws wrap the roots to ensure that the root skins are wet at any time and are breathable, so that the growth of the roots is almost not interrupted, the underground straws are soft, new roots can grow, and the straws are rotten or nutrient for the roots later. Inserting stick holes in the tree pits, adding sand into the holes, and when water is poured into the tree pits, the water can seep into the soil along the sand to ensure that the soil in the tree pits has uniform water content, no mud or river mud effect is formed, and the tree roots can obtain uniform water content, are the most favorable for growth conditions and can grow rapidly. After the roots grow normally, the absorption capacity is increased, new leaves grow on branches, and at a later time, the roots adjust themselves to eliminate inadaptable poor roots, because the leaves are more, the photosynthesis of the leaves provides more nutrition for the roots, strong roots grow faster and larger or more new roots grow, and the roots provide more water for the leaves … …, so that a benign cyclic growth is formed quickly. The root transplanted together with the tree by the method is tens of times of the root of the traditional earth-digging ball tree, the whole root and the whole branch can be transplanted with the diameter of less than 10cm, the multiple and multiple branches of the large tree seedling and the medium tree with the diameter of about 20cm can be transplanted to survive in hundreds, the tree can grow normally in the same year after survival, and the tree crown forming tree is shaded in the same year.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the implementation of the scheme; in the figure, (1) is the left small root on the left large root, (2) is the left large root, and (3) is the left slender root. (4) Is a small root below a growing soil ball, (5) is a right small fork root on a right big root, (6) is a right big root, (7) is a right slender root, (8) is a small fork branch, (9) is a big branch, (10) is a trunk, (11) is a left small fork root (1) which is bent along with the left big root, (12) is a left big root (2) which is coiled upwards in a double dotted line, (13) is a long thin root (3) which is bound upwards in a double dotted line, (14) is a small root (4) which is bound on the soil ball below the soil ball, (15) is a right small fork root (5) which is bound upwards in a point dotted line, (16) is a right big root which is bent upwards in a double dotted line, (17) is a right long thin root (7) which is bound upwards in a position which is a broken root bound, (18) is a small fork branch (8) which is bound on the big branch, (19) is a long thin branch which is bound (9) which is bent, (20) is the earth ball during transplantation, (21) is a three-rod tripod, and the illustration is a plane schematic diagram of turning, which is actually as long as three rods, and the inner triangular angle is 60 degrees, (22) is a tripod fixing screw, (23) is a long vertical rod, (24) is a large nail or a small screw fixed by a vertical rod and a crosspiece, and (25) is a short vertical rod.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the combined tripod structure of the present solution; in the figure, (21) is a rod of the three-rod tripod, (22) is a tripod fixing screw, (23) is a long vertical rod, (24) is a vertical rod, a big nail or a small screw for fixing a crosspiece, (25) is a short vertical rod, (26) is a short crosspiece, (27) is a long crosspiece, (28) is a crosspiece vertical rod, (29) is a soft cushion, (30) is an added long transverse rod, (31) is an added long vertical rod, and (10) is a trunk.

Detailed description of the invention

Organisms have the characteristics of growth of the organisms, have the capacity of self-repairing after being injured, have the capacity of self-survival after being injured, only the repairing capacity of each organism is large or small, the same is true for trees, sycamore has the strongest self-repairing capacity in all aspects, most prominently, sycamore is defined as resistant pruning by people, branches of sycamore planted in many cities are pruned by hundreds of street trees, and the sycamore can not be transplanted without pruning, or the sycamore street trees are mistakenly considered to be required to be pruned, the fact is that the street trees which are not pruned are better in length, the trees have self-elimination capacity, the trees in the forest are not pruned by human and are better in length, the upper branches are upward long, the thick branches and the long branches are larger than the thick branches, and the lower branches and the long small and thin branches are naturally withered and fall off. The great trees of the syzygium aromaticum sidewalk trees in Nanjing are many, the syzygium aromaticum sidewalk trees in the trunk road are all trimmed, however, the best growing syzygium aromaticum trees are in the rainflower terrace, the interior trees of the suburb scenic region, the interior trees of the basalt lake park, particularly the trees in the Cuizhou, the major courtyards in the Ministry of the Nanjing city and in the front of the gate, and a plurality of unimportant small streets, residential areas, institutes, schools, 70 s and enterprises, etc., the length of the untrusted syzygium aromaticum is better than that of trimming, dead small branches are always seen in dense tree leaves, the dead small branches are all billions of years of trees and the biological survival instinct of the naturally evolved syzygium aromaticum, and the branches are grown on the ground and can be seen by people, and the fact can be contrasted.

Since ancient times, people thought that branches grow upwards and roots grow downwards, in fact, organisms all grow towards the direction most suitable for growth conditions, all organisms have the characteristic of growth circulation of the organisms, each organ of the organisms has the effect of the organism, the organisms circulate at each moment, plants in the nature are green and carry out photosynthesis, the plants all grow at fixed points, people move the plants, the plants grow in a living and circulating mode in places as long as light and water exist, (most of the plants are flowers and bonsais), the trees are not exceptional, leaves carry out photosynthesis as long as light exists, moisture is evaporated, the leaves curl first and turn yellow again if moisture is lacked, and the leaves fall off finally, and people in the air see the leaves. People know that all green leaves are upward long, actually, the green leaves grow towards the sunlight, the Yuhua West road in Nanjing is one kilometer long, the two sides of the Yuhua West road are planted with Suzuki tree street trees with the tree age of nearly ten years, garden personnel repair the trees every year, all branches below 5 meters are removed, people can move under the trees or vehicles can drive, and the like, but in summer and autumn, the trees all have drooping branches with leaves, some branches are straight and downward long, the space below the trees is only 2 to 3 meters, pedestrians can touch the branches, the branches grow downward because the upper leaves are dense, the lower branches do not grow upwards, the sunlight can be seen only when the branches exceed the crowns, the sun can be shone in the morning and evening below the crowns, and the branches grow downward more.

Similarly, the roots grow in the direction most suitable for the growing conditions like branches and leaves, the roots grow underground and cannot be seen by people, the roots are living, the roots have the circulation function of absorbing water and nutrients in the water, water in underground soil seeps downwards according to natural rules, the moisture of the soil is more and more when the soil is more and more downward, the roots grow downwards, the roots are exactly grown in the direction with water, under normal natural conditions, the moisture is more and more when the soil is deeper and deeper, however, special conditions exist, namely, the nature is damaged, most of the natural conditions do not exist, most typically, people build wide hard road and huge impervious hard road, in the road with particularly good building, the trees grow poorly or are not prosperous, the road is well built, ensure the smooth traffic, and have long service life of roads and squares, contradict that rainwater on the road surface can not seep into the ground, and what the planted street trees and square trees grow on? Therefore, the situation that cities all exist in China occurs, through road reconstruction or extension, many original luxuriant squares and big trees grow luxuriant street trees, suddenly growing leaves are less than those of the street trees in the past year, one year is less than that of the street trees, more leaves are not available, the big trees are good in appearance, free of insect damage and artificial damage, the old big trees are dozens of years, the situation is that moisture is lacked at once, the big trees can be seen in many places in many cities nowadays, all big branches of the squares and the street trees are sawn off, and the garden department saws off the big branches to enable the small long-point leaves of the trees to evaporate less moisture in order to ensure that the trees do not die. For these reasons, the tree root grows towards the direction of water due to the instinct of growth and survival, if the phenomenon can be always seen through careful observation at ordinary times, the growing situation of various tree roots can also be seen, and the growing situation of various tree roots can be observed and analyzed through careful observation, the tree root grows towards the direction of water, and the tree root has the function of growth regulation.

The method utilizes the specific functions of the tree, summarizes, analyzes and combines the tree, achieves the purpose that the whole root and the whole branch of the big sapling and the medium tree can survive in hundreds of percent after being transplanted or a plurality of branches can grow quickly after surviving, and the method is divided into two parts, wherein the first part is to manufacture a combined tripod which aims at binding all dug tree roots on the combined tripod, the combined tripod plays the roles of bearing and protecting the tree roots during hoisting and transportation, and the combined tripod is arranged; taking figures 1 and 2 as columns, firstly setting a tripod (21), wherein the tripod (21) adopts a square wood head or section steel, the three materials are crossly placed into a triangular shape, an inner triangle is an equilateral triangle which is slightly larger than the diameter of a trunk, each two crossed middle points are firmly fixed by a screw (22), in the physical principle, the tripod is the most stable structure, each transplanted tree is provided with 2-3 identical tripods (21), all the tripods (21) are fixed on the trunk (10) by inner triangles and soft cushions (29), the triangles of all the tripods are aligned up and down, so that a long vertical rod (23) and a short vertical rod (25) which can be arranged are respectively fixed on one tripod in the same direction of an upper tripod and a lower tripod, or fixed on cross rods in the same direction of the three tripods, fixed firmly by a large nail or a small screw (25), and the short cross rod (26) is connected with a small triangle crossed by the tripods, the long cross bar (27) is connected with a big triangle which is forked out of the tripod and is fixed by a big nail or a small screw (24), three short cross bars and three long cross bars are fixed on the small triangle and the big triangle, namely 6 triangles are added, the originally arranged big tripod is more stable and firm, the cross bar vertical stick (28) is fixed on the long cross bar, the three vertical sticks including the long vertical stick (23) and the short vertical stick (25) are firstly connected and supported with an upper tripod and a lower tripod, and secondly are also the most important tree roots which are bound and dug out, in fact, the three sticks can be randomly fixed at any place of the tripod according to requirements to form a combined tripod (figure 2), the tree roots which are dug out for binding are convenient, (30) the dotted line is the added long cross bar, the safety requirement can be increased, the position is not limited, (31) the dotted line is the vertical stick which is added according to the safety requirement, the quantity and the position are, when the tripod is installed, the tree bark is cushioned between a trunk (10) and a tripod (21) to protect the tree bark from being damaged, in order to stabilize the tripod (21), the lower part of a long vertical rod (23) can be supported on a soil ball (20), the added long vertical rod (23), a short vertical rod (25), a short cross rod (26), a long cross rod (27) and an upper tripod and a lower tripod (21) form a combined tripod, the length of the three materials of the set tripod (21) is crossed out, and is used for all the tree roots bound on the tripod and does not exceed six cross heads of the tripod, the ground is supported by the cross heads of the tripod after the tree is lifted and laid down, all the bound tree roots cannot be bruised, the arranged vertical rods are connected with the upper tripod and the lower tripod to facilitate binding the tree roots, the combined tripod is particularly firm, the trunk is fixed at the center of the tripod, and all the tree roots are bound on the combined tripod and comprises the soil, the lifting rope is tied up on arbitrary tripod, lifts by crane the back tripod and can fall to one side wantonly, and the three big fork and the three little fork of tripod can both support, and the transportation of being convenient for can reserve the tripod and lift by crane the position and the position that the tripod fell when actual ligature root, and other tripods can surpass the tripod scope when ligature root like this, and the ligature is easier a little.

The invention adopts the working steps that all the thin roots and the thick roots of the big saplings are dug out and are upwards tied on the combined tripod on the trunk, as long as the big saplings which can be bent are tied on the combined tripod, the big saplings are hoisted and transported to the transplanted tree pit along with the big saplings, and then the roots tied on the combined tripod are disassembled and arranged to be buried underground;

A. preparing before digging trees; the combined triangular frame is fixed on the trunk, and soil can be dug after heavy rain or after the ground is thoroughly watered with water, so that the root bark of the tree can be protected from being broken, and particularly, the thin roots are not dug to be broken.

B. Digging a tree; a large seedling with the diameter of 20cm starts to dig roots at the periphery 3-4 meters away from a trunk, the roots are actually dug at the position with the roots as long as the roots are long, the seedlings are dug in a nursery garden with the distance of 3 meters, the roots are certainly intersected in soil, so that adjacent seedlings are dug together, the seedlings are dug in a piece in one direction, the roots of the adjacent trees are prevented from being lost, namely, the seedlings are dug in a piece in the nursery garden, the digging depth is at least 1 meter, and the more roots are reserved when the tree roots are dug deeper.

C. The roots are wound with straw ropes and bound with straws; the dug big and small tree roots are all wound by a circle of straw ropes soaked with the mud, the small roots, the capillary roots and the big roots are wound with the straw ropes together, the thin roots and the capillary are coated with rooting water once, the straw ropes are wrapped by the straw ropes soaked with the mud because the roots are thin, the straw ropes are tied by the thin ropes, all the roots are not exposed, and the straw ropes are kept wet. The arrangement is equal to that a growing condition is created for the roots, after the roots are dug, the soil containing water and combined with the roots is damaged, the roots are immediately wrapped with mud straw ropes or mud straws after being dug, namely, the condition of absorbing water is created for the roots again, the water in the roots is coated on the small roots and the thin roots, the roots can grow new roots again, the straw ropes and the straws have soil, the soil is kept moist, the roots still continue to absorb the water and do not stop growing, meanwhile, the straws are moist but do not accumulate water, gaps are left among the straws, and the gaps are more beneficial to the growth of the roots.

D. Binding tree roots; all the tree roots are dug out to be transplanted according to the principle, the dug tree roots cannot be broken, the bark cannot be broken, all the roots are reserved, capillary roots are bundled with the roots with the larger diameter, the left thin root (3) and the right thin root (7) are upwards bound on a tripod or a vertical stick, namely double dotted lines (13) and (17), the small fork root (1) and the right small fork root (5) are also upwards bound on the upwards thick roots, namely point dotted lines (11) and (15), the tripod is arranged to bind the tree roots, and the tree roots cannot be damaged in the transportation process.

E. Binding the big roots; big seedling of bellwood with diameter less than 20cm, growing tree with age of more than ten years, the diameter of the maximum root is less than 3 cm, the left big root (2) bends roughly to form a big circle to surround the combined tripod-double dotted line (12), the big root is bound on each vertical stick or crosspiece of the combined tripod by soft ropes, the root with diameter less than 2 cm of the right big root (6) is easy to bend, and the root bends upwards arbitrarily-double dotted line (16), and the soft ropes are bound on each part of the tripod. The purpose and the standard of root ligature are exactly, dig out intact, and the ligature is firm not broken in the transportation, for ligature root, crosspiece, the vertical rod on the tripod can be added.

F. Treating bruised roots; when digging the root, the root bark is always broken, the root stems are broken, the broken root bark is washed clean by clear water, the broken root bark is pressed back to the original position again, the broken root bark is tied by a cloth belt, some wood stems of the root are broken, if the bark is connected, the wood stems are washed clean by clear water, the wood stems are aligned and connected, the root bark is wrapped in an original shape, the wood stems are tied by a cloth belt or a straw rope, a wood stick is pasted at the broken position, the wood stick and the broken root (17) are bound together by the cloth belt or the straw rope, so as to ensure that the broken root is firm, the cloth belt uses cotton cloth, the cotton cloth binding effect is good, the cotton cloth and the straw rope are buried underground to be automatically broken, and the growth of the root is not influenced and is further changed into fertilizer.

G. Vertical rods and crosspieces are added; can be added in more, the position is arbitrary, the purpose is convenient for ligature tree root to the root can not fall off when transporting. The crosspieces (26) and (27) are added with one more triangle, so that the combined tripod is firmer, and the vertical rods (23) and (25) and (28) are added with upper and lower tripods more stably.

H. Making soil balls (20); the diameter at breast height of the tree is 20cm, the diameter of the soil ball is larger than 80 cm, the soil ball is difficult to dig when digging roots downwards, the diameter of a tree pit originally has 6 m, the depth of the tree pit is equivalent to one meter of digging depth in a nursery, the tree pit is completely turned to one side, when the digging depth exceeds 50 cm, a trunk or a tripod is bound by a rope for a crane to lift the tree pit so as to prevent the tree from falling, the safety is ensured, the soil ball (20) is easy to bind, the binding of the soil ball (20) is carried out like the conventional method, and all the grown roots are exposed outside a straw rope so as to prevent soil from loosening.

J. The lowest root; the roots which go downwards are difficult to dig, the roots are dug out as much as possible, all the roots can be bound on the combined tripod upwards and are actually difficult to spiral upwards, for example, the thin roots (4) below the dug soil ball are wound by the straw rope and then are attached to the soil ball (20) -the double dotted lines (14), the ultra-large roots which comprise the roots cannot be dug out from the roots below, the roots are sawed off, the root bark of the section is flat and not torn, and the section is coated with disinfectant water and vaseline.

K. The method is characterized in that the branches on the trees are trimmed, diseased branches, bad branches and poor branches are removed, the number of the reserved branches is determined according to the number of the dug roots which can be taken away, the number of the roots is large, the reserved branches are more, the number of the roots which are less reserved is small, the reserved branches are required to be umbrella-shaped, the branches which are too long are cut short, particularly, the crowns of the trees are cut uniformly, the attractiveness of the trees in the row is improved, two thirds or more of the leaves are removed, new leaves can grow out quickly from the good roots, and the reserved branches (8) and (9) are bundled by ropes, namely double dotted lines (18) and (19), so that the.

Kk. in summer or in sunny days at high temperature, the branches and leaves should be cut off, and black sunscreen net should be covered at severe high temperature. Such situations are to be done in summer transplantation.

M, hoisting and transporting; the soil ball is bound well, the lifting rope is bound at the reserved tripod lifting position, the triangular frame is reserved below the triangular frame, the triangular frame is hung on a transport cart for stable transportation, the tree roots are not damaged on the way, all straw ropes and straws are sprinkled at any time before the tree roots are planted, the tree roots are kept moist, the tree roots are kept in a moisture absorption state all the time, the tree roots do not stop growing, and the tree roots can survive more easily after being transplanted.

L, planting; the tree pit is dug to be as large as possible, the depth exceeds the height of the soil ball by 10cm, the tree soil ball is lifted and placed into the tree pit, the bound roots below the soil ball are firstly disassembled, the wound straw rope and the roots bound with the straw are placed into the tree pit, the roots are laid in the tree pit in a growing manner, a certain amount of fertile soil is added, the soil ball is placed into the tree pit, after the trunk is erected, all the roots on the combined triangular frame are gradually disassembled, the wound straw rope and the roots bound with the straw are buried together, the roots are placed into the tree pit in the growing manner, a layer of soil is added at the height of the original tree root layer, some tree pits are dug to be not large, the overlong tree roots comprise large curved circles and are coiled in the tree pit, finally, the triangular frame can be disassembled, all tree roots and barks cannot be broken due to the condition that the tree pit is small, the tree roots can be bent or placed in the curved circles, the tree pits are covered with the soil, the leaves are few leaves, and the effects of absorbing water and conveying can be realized, although the effect of the small roots such as the bent roots is small, countless small roots are added when all the roots are affected, the key effect is played on the survival energy of the transplanted big tree seedlings or medium trees, and after the big tree seedlings or medium trees grow normally in future, the roots grow larger and larger, and the poor roots are gradually eliminated.

N, watering; a circle of 10cm high ridge is formed around a tree pit with roots, a stick with the diameter of 2 cm is inserted into the tree pit at an interval of 60 cm, the depth of the stick reaches the bottom of the tree pit, soil in the tree pit is slightly treaded down, the stick is pulled out, sand is filled into holes of the stick, water is filled into the ridge of the tree pit for the first time, the ridge is filled with water again after the water penetrates, the ridge is filled with water again after the water hits a particularly dry tree pit and is filled with water for the third time in a particularly dry weather, water is filled again after 3-7 days, the water is not watered in rainy days, the ridge is opened by heavy rain, the gap is blocked when the water is watered in a sunny day, the watering interval is longer after several months, the water is not sunny, high temperature and drought exist after several months, and the water is not watered, and the soil grows naturally. When a tree pit of a circle of earth ridge is closed up and watered several times, the soil layer on the tree pit becomes a slurry type, the slurry is a waterproof layer, sand is poured into the adopted rod hole, the sand can slowly seep downwards, water seeps into the soil around from the sand, the dry soil seeps fast, the wet soil seeps slowly, and the soil humidity in the tree pit is kept uniform.

The tree of the stump bonsai is planted in a pot, the bonsai is grown for many years, the roots of the tree are pulled out with soil, the tree roots are seen to be bent and crossed, the tree roots rotate around the pot bottom to be long, and the roots are also bent and grow upwards. Evergreen lucky bamboos are strong in vitality, can take roots after being cut off and inserted into water, branches cut off when flowers are cultivated at home are placed in a glass bottle, half bottle of water is added, a plurality of roots grow out after days, the grown roots grow upwards or are bent around the bottle, the two rows indicate that the plant roots can grow in any direction. The root position of the tree root during transplanting is unreasonable due to the limitation of the size of the tree pit, the relationship is not large at this moment, the purpose is to ensure that the tree survives firstly, the tree root has the growth capacity of the tree root, and in the growth process after the tree survives and plants, good roots adapted to growth grow faster and larger, bad roots and bad roots can be slowly and naturally eliminated.

The method can not dig the tree ball mechanically, the tree root needs to be dug manually, one tree needs to be dug manually for several times, the root protection is good by manual digging, the transplanting survival rate of the big tree seedling is high, the benefit obtained by the manual root digging method is far more than several labor costs, all materials of the arranged combined tripod are invested once, the combined tripod can be reused, and the standard manufacture and the use are very convenient.

By the method, the big saplings or medium trees with the diameter of about 20cm can be transplanted to survive in hundreds, the saplings or medium trees grow normally in the same year after survival, and crown molding trees are shaded in the same year, so that great social benefits can be seen for the current construction seeking speed and high efficiency.

Claims (2)

1. A method for transplanting big tree seedling and medium tree with whole root and branch or multiple branches includes such steps as digging out the fine root and thick root of big tree seedling, tying it to combined triangular frame made on trunk, lifting and transporting it to transplanted tree pit along with big tree seedling or medium tree, detaching the root tied to combined triangular frame, and burying it underground, and features that:

step A, preparing before digging a tree; the combined triangular frame is fixed on the trunk, and after heavy rain or ground is thoroughly watered with water, the bark of the tree root is dug without breaking, and the thin root is not dug;

b, digging a tree; digging roots of large seedlings with the diameter of 20cm at the periphery of 3-4 meters away from a trunk, digging trees in a nursery garden with the distance of 3 meters below, digging adjacent seedlings together, and digging the seedlings in a direction in a piece at least 1 meter;

c, winding grass ropes on tree roots and binding straws; the dug big and small tree roots are all wound by a circle of straw ropes soaked with mud, the small roots, the capillary roots and the larger roots are wound with the straw ropes together, the small roots and the capillary roots are coated with rooting water once, and then the straw soaked with mud is wrapped with the straw ropes to be tightened, all the roots are not exposed, and the straw ropes are kept wet;

d, binding tree roots; all tree roots are dug out for transplantation, the dug tree roots cannot be broken, the capillary roots are bundled with roots with a small thickness, the left and right thin roots are all upwards bound on a tripod or a vertical stick, and the left and right small harpoons are also upwards bound on the upwards thick roots;

e, binding the big roots; big seedling of the plane tree with the diameter less than 20cm, the tree with the age of more than ten years grows, the diameter of the maximum root of the tree is less than 3 cm, the left big root is bent roughly and big circles rotate around the combined tripod, the left big root is bound on each vertical rod or crosspiece of the combined tripod by a soft rope, the right big root with the diameter less than 2 cm is easy to bend, the tree is bent upwards arbitrarily and bound on each part of the tripod by the soft rope;

f, broken roots are saved and treated; when digging tree roots, the root bark is always broken, the root stems are broken, the broken roots are washed clean by clean water, the broken roots are pressed back to the original positions and are tied by cloth belts or straw ropes, some wood stems of the tree roots are broken, if the wood stems are connected, the wood stems are washed clean by clean water, the wood stems are aligned and connected, the root bark is wrapped by the cloth belts or the straw ropes according to the original shape, the wood sticks are tied at the broken positions, and the wood sticks and the broken roots are tied together by the cloth belts or the straw ropes to ensure that the broken roots are firm;

g, adding vertical rods and crosspieces; the vertical rods and the crosspieces are added when the tree roots are too many, the positions are convenient for binding the tree roots, and the tree roots cannot fall off during transportation;

step H, soil balls are prepared; the diameter of the breast of the tree is 20cm, the diameter of a soil ball is more than 80 cm, the tree is wound and bound by a straw rope, all the grown roots are exposed outside the straw rope, and when the digging depth exceeds 50 cm, the trunk is bound by a rope for a crane to be hoisted, so that the tree is prevented from falling down, and the safety is ensured;

step J, the lowest root; the roots which go downwards are difficult to dig, the dug fine roots below the soil ball are wound by the straw rope and then are attached to the soil ball, all the roots which go upwards can be bound on the combined tripod, the roots which are arranged at the bottom can not be dug out, the roots which are arranged at the bottom comprise the ultra-large roots, the roots are sawed off, the root skins of the root sections are flat and the root skins are not torn, and the sections are coated with disinfectant water and vaseline;

step K, trimming branches on the trees; the diseased, damaged and poor branches are removed, the number of the reserved branches is determined according to the number of the roots which can be taken away by digging, the reserved branches are in an umbrella shape, the overlong branches are trimmed and cut short, two thirds of the leaves are cut off, and the reserved branches are bundled by ropes for convenient transportation;

k, high-temperature sunny day; in summer, more branches and leaves are cut off, and a black sun-proof net is covered at severe high temperature;

step M, hoisting and transporting; the soil balls are bound, the lifting ropes are bound at the hoisting positions of the reserved tripods, the lower sides of the tripods which are laid down are also reserved, the soil balls are stably transported away by being hoisted on a transport cart, and all the straw ropes and the straws are sprinkled at any time before being planted, so that the soil balls are kept moist;

l, planting; the tree pit is dug to be as large as possible, the depth of the tree pit exceeds the height of the soil ball by 10cm, the tree soil ball is lifted and placed into the tree pit, the bound roots below the soil ball are firstly disassembled, the wound straw rope and the roots of the bound straw are placed into the tree pit, the roots are flatly spread in the tree pit according to the original growth vigor, a certain amount of fertile soil is added, the soil ball is placed into the tree pit, after the trunk is erected, all the roots on the tripod are gradually disassembled, the wound straw rope and the roots of the bound straw are embedded together, the roots are placed into the tree pit according to the original growth vigor of the tree roots, a layer of soil is added according to the original height of the tree roots, the tree pit is dug to be not large and overlong tree roots including big roots, a bent disc is placed in the tree pit, finally, the soil;

step N, watering; a circle of 10cm high ridge is formed around a tree pit with roots, a stick with the diameter of 2 cm is inserted into the tree pit at an interval of 60 cm, the depth of the stick reaches the bottom of the tree pit, soil in the tree pit is slightly treaded down, the stick is pulled out, sand is filled into holes of the stick, water is filled into the ridge of the tree pit for the first time, the ridge is filled with water again after the water penetrates, the ridge is filled with water again after the water hits a particularly dry tree pit and is filled with water for the third time in a particularly dry weather, water is filled again after 3-7 days, the water is not watered in rainy days, the ridge is opened in heavy rain, the gap is blocked when the water is watered in a sunny day, the watering interval is longer after several months, the water is not used in sunny days, high temperature and dry days, and the water is not used for natural growth.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein a full root, full shoot or multiple shoot transplant of large and medium trees is characterized by the combination of a tripod; the triangular supports are made of square wood or profile steel, three materials are placed into a triangle in a crossed mode, the inner triangular support is an equilateral triangle and slightly larger than the diameter of a trunk, every two crossed middle points are firmly fixed through screws, each transplanted tree is provided with 2-3 identical triangular supports, soft pads are added to the inner triangular supports of all the triangular supports and fixed on the trunk, the triangles of all the triangular supports are aligned up and down, the long vertical rods and the short vertical rods are respectively fixed on a cross frame in the same direction of the upper triangular support and the lower triangular support and are firmly fixed through large nails or small screws, the lower surfaces of the long vertical rods are supported on a soil ball, the short cross rods are connected with the small triangular supports crossed by the triangular supports, the long cross rods are connected with the large triangular supports crossed by the triangular supports and are fixed through the large nails or the small screws, the triangular supports are fixed on the long cross rods, and the three vertical rods are used for connecting.

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