CN110337969A - A kind of implantation methods improving greening seedling survival rate - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to seedling growth fields, specifically a kind of implantation methods for improving greening seedling survival rate, including preparation before matching species with the site, transplanting, selection of seedling, nursery stock digging, nursery stock rooting powder solution leaching root, nursery stock plantation step, wherein nursery stock rooting powder solution leaching root is to be immersed in seedling root in the rooting powder solution of 10~20mg/L 0.5-2 hours, then seedling root is bundled into walk with wet soil；The present invention substantially increases greening seedling survival rate, has good promotional value by increasing plant pit, covering with ground sheeting, setting air partition, setting shading screen, setting gutter or cofferdam, trunk protection and using means such as branching promoter for plant.

Description

A kind of implantation methods improving greening seedling survival rate

Technical field

The present invention relates to seedling growth field, specifically a kind of implantation methods for improving greening seedling survival rate.

Background technique

With the development of national economy, the people's material and cultural life level is constantly improved, to the needs of environment Constantly changing, the importance of urban landscaping more and more highlights.City, which is newly afforested, requires that selection adaptation can be strong, raw Growing way is prosperous, pest and disease damage is few, air purification effect is big, good appearance and the fine tree species for having economic value.Therefore, tree planting is improved Survival rate, it is necessary to the difference for reducing nursery stock ecosystem environment and ground ecological environment of planting trees, such as illumination, temperature, moisture, soil equal difference It is different.These differences are smaller, and the survival rate of trees is higher, and late growth is better.Meanwhile lifting, plant, final management and maintenance are also necessary Scientific and reasonable technical measures are taken according to the growth characteristics and physiological requirement of trees, to guarantee the adaptation of new environment and nursery stock Ability matched.

Garden seedling tree is influenced in planting process by factors, specifically there is following several respects.First, for compared with For the especially big tree of the nursery stock of big specification, its root system is in eccentric growth and tends to or have reached maximum root when plantation Width, and the absorption root in backbone foundation portion is centrifuged death mostly.Second, for the nursery stock for a period of time of having grown up, kind It will appear a long-term seedling-slowing stage after plant.So not only those are in planting process after implementing seedling growth The root regeneration of damage is slow, and new root, the power of regeneration of shoot are very weak, can thus delay nursery stock in urban green space At Jing Sudu.

Summary of the invention

To solve the problems, such as that existing survival rate is not high during Nursery stock transplanting, the present invention provides a kind of using No. ABT-3 Root-inducing powder, the implantation methods to improve greening seedling survival rate.

A kind of particular content of the invention are as follows: implantation methods for improving greening seedling survival rate, comprising the following steps:

S1, matching species with the site: selection adapts to the tree species of local weather and edaphic condition；

S2, arrangement of time: according to nursery stock own characteristic, seedling growth characteristic, different tree species choosing are first understood in transplanted seedling tree Select the different plant time；

Prepare before S3, transplanting: leveling land, levelling depth is 40-50 centimetres, while mating draining and water adding system, selection The soil of PH5.0-7.0 is free of sandstone, building waste in planting soil；

S4, selection of seedling: selection well developed root system, branch is healthy and strong, and sprout is full, the nursery stock of no disease and pests harm；

S5, nursery stock digging: trees digging the last week pours primary permeable, allows it to supply moisture, to avoid premature dehydration after lifting；It rises Digging nursery stock generally will be with soil ball.Soil ball diameter should generally be calculated by 8-10 times of the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, and deciduous species can also use crab rooting seedling, root It is 8-10 times that length is the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground；It digs when digging along defined root range outer ring, during digging, is used when meeting thick root vertically downward Handsaw is sawed-off, in order to avoid root cleaves, does not hurt root skin and fibrous root as far as possible, retains original soil；

S6, nursery stock soak root: seedling root being immersed in the rooting powder solution of 10~20mg/L 0.5-2 hours, then with wet soil Seedling root is bundled into walk；

The plantation of S7, nursery stock: surface soil is put into a pile when excavating tree well, in addition deep soil is put into a pile；Base manure is placed on tree The lowest level in hole, then pulverizes surface soil, smooth, be equably placed on fertilizer；It is put into sapling, then trains into deep soil, is training When soil arrives half, pause ridging mentions sapling slightly upwards, and after mentioning seedling, the soil buried is treaded downwards；By remaining depth Layer soil embedment, a direct-burried are treaded again to concordant with ground.

Using ABT-3 root-inducing powder as raw material in rooting powder solution of the present invention.

The advantage that the present invention has is:

1, plant pit is increased.Usage mining machine and the method manually combined dig plant pit, not only improve work efficiency but also increase tree Cave water-holding capacity improves the drought-resistant ability of nursery stock.

2, covering with ground sheeting.It is finished in winter with season in early spring transplanted seedling tree, after twice of filling permeable, seals cave, and land used in time Film covers plant pit, had not only improved ground temperature but also had reduced the evaporation of root moisture, and had reduced plant death due to caused by physiological drought, Effectively improve the survival rate of nursery stock.

3, air partition is set.Since this area wind-force is larger, to avoid trees inclination lodging, air partition should be set at air port. And then improve survival rate.

4, shading screen is set.In hot weather construction, since the temperature of Taizhou weather is relatively high, it is unfavorable for the growth of nursery stock, Therefore in construction, Ying Jinliang avoids hot weather, preferably constructs in the morning or at dusk, and shading screen is arranged in nursery stock surrounding.

5, gutter or cofferdam are set.Since summer rainwater is more, it should be arranged in the surrounding of nursery stock in construction and arrange Ditch and cofferdam, it is flooded to prevent nursery stock.

6, trunk is protected.In early spring, after being wound to trunk with wet straw rope, one layer of mulch is covered in outside again, not only keeps the temperature, but also protects It is wet, plant percent can be effectively improved.

7, using branching promoter for plant.Branching promoter for plant is latest technological achievements in current cultivation of fruit tree, especially to more rare but branch out Difficult nursery stock has obvious rush branch effect, can also be used in ornamental trees and shrubs transplanting.

Specific embodiment

A kind of implantation methods improving greening seedling survival rate, specifically includes the following steps:

1, matching species with the site

Those tree species for adapting to local weather conditions, edaphic condition must be taken into consideration when selecting tree species, therefore first will be to tree species Biological nature have gained some understanding, if the plant habits such as cold-resistant, moisture-proof, happiness sun, happiness yin must be grasped before planting trees.For The trees that design requirement uses, it is necessary to it is provided with the living environments such as the weather conducive to arboreal growth, soil to the maximum extent to the greatest extent, with Meet the requirement of arboreal growth.

2, arrangement of time

In order to ensure trees survive, it is necessary to according to the ecological habit of the natural conditions of each department and each tree species.It selects optimal Season is transplanted.The north is preferably spring plant, and temperature gradually gos up at this time, and soil layer starts to thaw, and soil gradually turns to pine Soft, moisture is more sufficient, the root of hair of advantageous trees, the water that branches and leaves can be maintained to need with the raising root absorption effect of temperature Divide nutrient.When early winter autumn Mo transplants, trees progress into dormant period at this time, and trees reduce water and nutrient consumption increasingly, newborn Root has certain absorbability, in water and nutrient supply.It is able to satisfy branches and leaves and sprouts needs.According to nursery stock own characteristic, Seedling growth characteristic is first understood when transplanted seedling tree, different tree species select the different plant time, are conducive to Survival rate of nursery stock.

3, prepare before transplanting

Before planting tree, it is necessary to level land.Though the ecological habit of trees have with crops it is different, to soil require be still essence Spy is ploughed, the place of greening construction is especially carried out, is not often radix rehmanniae preparata good farmland, with greater need for progress ploughing deeply more thoroughly, depth At 40-50 centimetres, so as to chesson, increase the ability retained and conserved soil moisture.It is careful that site preparation requires, and keeps prepartion of land, to accomplish Ditch system is mating, the row of filling is unimpeded, and otherwise trees can not take root, and influence to survive.The planting soil of trees must be free from sandstone, building Rubbish cannot be deep soil if it is backfill, preferably with it is loose it is wet, draining is good, the fertile alluviation rich in organic matter or Clay loam.Ideal between PH5.0 ~ 7.0, general species are all happiness acid soil plants, can be sub- with sulfuric acid if meeting basic soil Iron is improved；If meeting happiness alkaline soil plant, lime improvement acid soil can be used.

4, selection of seedling

Trees relationship between quality is great, it should be noted that the nursery stock of selection stalwartness, no disease and pests harm, form grace.It sells currently on the market There are two types of nursery stocks: bare-root seeding and with soil ball seedling.First have to see whether seedling root is fresh, whether flourishing when choosing bare-root seeding；Its It is secondary to see plant height, rugosity, panel length.Internode is too long, is the long seedling of speed, should not select.Furthermore see whether sprout is full, tight It is real.Band soil ball seedling will select soil ball slightly larger, and the nursery stock that soil ball does not dissipate is advisable, and then see whether root system is flourishing around soil ball, other The same bare-root seeding of condition.In short, to select well developed root system, branch is healthy and strong, and sprout is full, and the nursery stock of no disease and pests harm is preferred.

5, nursery stock digging

The time and quantity of nursery stock digging will be suitably determined according to the preparation at construction plantation scene and weather conditions etc..As far as possible Accomplish that the same day digs, the same day transports, the same day plants, shortens soil ball or root system is exposed to the outer time；Heeled-in seedling or bag seedling are selected as far as possible, it is few Seedling and bare-root seeding are planted with or without ground；Selection branch out power, at the nursery stock of the strong nursery stock of principal stresses and main side root, capillary root prosperity；Choosing Select the nursery stock of label no disease and pests harm.Trees digging the last week pours primary permeable, it is allowed to supply moisture, to avoid after lifting too early Dehydration.Digging nursery stock generally will be with soil ball.Soil ball diameter should generally be calculated by 8-10 times of the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, and deciduous species can also use dew Offspring, root length are also 8-10 times of the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground.It is dug vertically downward when digging along defined root range outer ring.During digging, meet It is sawed-off with handsaw when thick root, in order to avoid root cleaves, do not hurt root skin and fibrous root as far as possible, retains original soil.

6, seedling root is immersed in the rooting powder solution of 10~20mg/L 0.5-2 hours, then with wet soil by nursery stock Root system is bundled into walk；

7, pruning

Before arbor plant, different degrees of trimming is carried out to tree crown, to reduce the evaporation of trees moisture, keep tree body moisture The upper and lower equilibrium of supply and demand.Pruning rate requires different according to different tree species and landscape.For biggish deciduous tree, especially grow Gesture is relatively strong, is easy the branch of extraction shoot, can be cut by force, tree crown can be reduced to more than half.With the tall and big of obvious trunk Deciduous tree should keep original tree-like, appropriate sparse branching, the main side that is retained branch should on healthy and strong bud cutting back, branch can be cut off 1/5 to 1/3.Without the deciduous tree that obvious trunk, branch are dense, trunk diameter is 5-10 centimetres, can select and remain several sides on trunk Branch keeps original and tree-like carries out cutting back.The dense aiphyllium of branch can appropriate sparse branching, branches and leaves concentration is grown at the top of trunk Nursery stock, branch can not be trimmed, only burn leaf.Evergreen needle-leaved tree, should not trim more, only wipe out sick branch, withered branch, growth it is weak Branch, overstocked verticillate branch and descending branch.The tree crown of rare tree, preferably retains as far as possible and cuts less.Wound caused by tree trimming should apply With protective agent, such as paint, vaseline.

8, it digs pit

The quality digged pit, the growth and development later to plant have a great impact, should be according to the nursery stock of different size and soil ball Size, soil property situation determine the size in hole, generally should be 20~30cm bigger than defined root system and soil ball diameter, while according to tree The difference of kind root system determines the depth, the type in hole, and root system is unfolded when guaranteeing plant, is survived with benefit.Circle is done when digging pit to mark The heart, draws circle according to specification, is excavated downward vertically along round surrounding to defined depth.Then, pine dug at hole bottom, flatten, naked Nursery stock preferably in center stack rideau, is unfolded with sharp root system.When digging pit, surface soil and subsoil answer pile up separately, due to surface soil The content of organic matter is higher, and tree planting should first insert hole bottom when banketing, and subsoil fills in top for cofferdam.

9, it transplants

Surface soil (shallow soil) put into a pile when excavating tree well, cubsoil (deep soil) is in addition put into a pile, should not by surface soil and Cubsoil is mixed to be put, and carries out preparation of banketing for later plant.After tree well is dug, the first step does not put sapling not instead of first, first by base manure It is placed on the lowest level of tree well, then pulverizes surface soil, smooth, be equably placed on fertilizer, the root of such sapling does not connect directly Fertilizer is touched, the surface soil pulverized provides the good condition of growth downwards, extension diastole again for root, this is first " burying ", is buried It is fertilizer and surface soil.It is subsequently placed into sapling.Sapling carries out second after being put into and buries, and exactly trains into cubsoil, when half is arrived in ridging, temporarily Stop earthing up, sapling is mentioned slightly upwards, this cries " one mentions seedling ", it is therefore an objective to prevent sapling nest root, influence is survived and grown.It mentions Miao Hou not bury soil immediately, at this moment tread the soil buried downwards, it is therefore an objective to and it is in close contact the root of sapling and soil, Moisture and nutrient are absorbed, as early as possible to take root growth.Be conducive to surviving and growing for trees.Then it carries out third to bury, just It is to be embedded to remaining cubsoil, a direct-burried is treaded for the second time to concordant with ground, it is therefore an objective to keep sapling trunk straight and upright, Sapling is set to combine closely with soil, to prevent oblique by wind.In addition, planting tree can just make to plant it is noted that by original to being planted Strain better adapts to environmental condition, improves survival rate.Root system is imperfect, the biggish trees of damage and rare tree species, when plant Root should spray root-promoting hormone.

When transplanting the above trees of diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 5cm, especially there is the area of strong wind in plant season, answers staking to fix after plant, It is shaken to prevent being preced with dynamic root, influences root regeneration.But it is noted that bracket cannot be beaten in soil ball or backbone root system.The plant of bare-root seeding wood is normal Using mark pole stand, i.e., a bar stake is played by trunk, trunk is whipped in bar stake with rope, it is preferably high by 1/ in tree to whip position At 3 or 2/3, soft object should be padded between bracket and trunk.Band soil ball nursery stock beats trees two sides are each frequently with carrying pole type bracket Connection is tied up with a cross-arm in one bar stake, bar stake upper end, and trunk is whipped and completes to fix on cross-arm.Three corner piles or the fixed of well word stake are made With decorative effect that is best, and having excellent, it is mostly used in the biggish urban district greenery patches of flow of the people.

In high temperature drying season, big specification tree grafting growth initial stage will build cool canopy shade, to reduce tree crown temperature, reduce The moisture of tree body evaporates.The biggish trees of the scale of construction, it is desirable that complete crown shade, cool canopy top and surrounding and tree crown keep being no less than 50cm Distance, to guarantee the air flow spaces for having certain in canopy, prevent tree crown day burn harm.The shading for the use of degree of shading being 70% Net allows tree body to receive certain scattering light, to guarantee the photosynthetic progress of tree body.After being survived depending on trees, depending on growing state And seasonal variations, it can gradually remove shade object.

Wrapped up in using plastic film it is dry, the tree body dormant stage use, effect is preferable, but should remove in time before tree body rudiment It changes.Because plastic film permeability is poor, it is unfavorable for being wrapped up the respiration of limb, especially high temperature season, internal heat High temperature caused by being difficult to distribute in time, can burn limb, tender shoots or kryptoblast, damage to tree body.Trunk hole skin it is larger and The significant trees of transpiration rate and most of subtropical evergreen broad-leaveds preferably reach l-2m high with the packages such as straw rope winding trunk after plant Degree, to improve planting survival rate.

10, maintenance management

Spring: it waters and is applied fertilizer (based on nitrogenous fertilizer) in time according to climatic condition.Dead nursery stock is replaced, withered branch and apprentice are trimmed Long shoot.Carry out the work of the trees prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.

Summer: summer high temperature is rainy, it should be noted that the watering and water drainage in trees and greenery patches.Watering time is kept away with being advisable sooner or later Exempt from high temperature watering to burn nursery stock and lawn；Before rainy season set, the water drainage work of nursery stock is paid attention in time.Greenery patches and green is carried out in time The trimming of hedge conserves；Summer is multiple phase, the gluttony phase of carnivorism pest, should be carried out moderately and at the right moment according to the actual situation to nursery stock Laxative work, accomplish putting prevention first and combining prevention with control.According to weather condition, it is suitble to fertilising, applies fertilizer based on nitrogen.Carry out summer Pruning after nursery stock is touched except sprouting bark of a cork tree under arbor trunk branch point.Current year planting arbor carries out steady work, prevents down Volt.

Autumn: it waters and applies fertilizer in due course according to weather condition.Trees dry branches and fallen leaves is removed at any time.

Winter: winter pruning is carried out to shrub；Before section arrives in winter, poured in time to nursery stock according to temperature situation antifreeze Water；Carry out the resisting cold work for being afraid of cold nursery stock；Special messenger is arranged to be responsible for the dust alleviation work in greenery patches.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of implantation methods for improving greening seedling survival rate, which comprises the following steps:

S1, matching species with the site: selection adapts to the tree species of local weather and edaphic condition；

S2, arrangement of time: according to nursery stock own characteristic, seedling growth characteristic, different tree species choosing are first understood in transplanted seedling tree Select the different plant time；

Prepare before S3, transplanting: leveling land, levelling depth is 40-50 centimetres, while mating draining and water adding system, selection The soil of PH5.0-7.0 is free of sandstone, building waste in planting soil；

S4, selection of seedling: selection well developed root system, branch is healthy and strong, and sprout is full, the nursery stock of no disease and pests harm；

S5, nursery stock digging: trees digging the last week pours primary permeable, allows it to supply moisture, to avoid premature dehydration after lifting；It rises Digging nursery stock generally will be with soil ball.

2. soil ball diameter should generally be calculated by 8-10 times of the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, deciduous species can also use crab rooting seedling, and root length is the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 8-10 times；It is dug vertically downward when digging along defined root range outer ring, during digging, meets sawed-off with handsaw when thick root, Yi Miangen Portion's splitting, does not hurt root skin and fibrous root as far as possible, retains original soil；

S6, nursery stock soak root: seedling root being immersed in the rooting powder solution of 10~20mg/L 0.5-2 hours, then with wet soil Seedling root is bundled into walk；

The plantation of S7, nursery stock: surface soil is put into a pile when excavating tree well, in addition deep soil is put into a pile；Base manure is placed on tree The lowest level in hole, then pulverizes surface soil, smooth, be equably placed on fertilizer；It is put into sapling, then trains into deep soil, is training When soil arrives half, pause ridging mentions sapling slightly upwards, and after mentioning seedling, the soil buried is treaded downwards；By remaining depth Layer soil embedment, a direct-burried are treaded again to concordant with ground.

3. a kind of implantation methods for improving greening seedling survival rate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described to take root Using ABT-3 root-inducing powder as raw material in powder solution.