CN105850650A - Method for improving transplantation survival rate of camphor trees - Google Patents
Method for improving transplantation survival rate of camphor trees Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving a transplantation survival rate of camphor trees. The method for improving the transplantation survival rate of the camphor trees comprises the following steps: digging planting holes; digging nursery stocks; reconciling and smearing wounds of tree roots with rooting powder; sufficiently spraying a plant growth promoter for promoting growth to the tree roots; carrying out pruning processing on the camphor trees; improving soil; during planting, removing straw ropes for binding up roots; locating tree trunks of the camphor trees; continually agitating backfilled soil with water in a backfilling process until the backfilled soil is muddy, and then backfilling the soil step by step after water infiltrates; watering, and covering lower parts of tree crowns with thin films for preserving moisture and increasing temperature. The method provided by the invention, even in a condition that a transplantation requirement is relatively high, can effectively improve the transplantation survival rate of the camphor trees, particularly the camphor trees with the trunk diameters above 30cm, thereby protecting tree resources.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of implantation method, specifically one and can be effectively improved Radix Cinnamomi porrecti (the biggest Lignum cinnamomi camphorae (breast
More than 30 centimetres of footpath)) method of transplanting success, belong to transplanting breeding technical field.
Background technology
Radix Cinnamomi porrecti is aiphyllium, and tree crown is extensively opened up, and is thick with leaves, spectacular, is excellent shade tree and front yard
Shady tree.Happiness light, the most resistance to shade；Happiness warm and moist weather, tolerance to cold is not strong, requires soil not tight, more resistance to
Water is wet, but the most drought-resistant, barren and saline-alkali soil.Main root is flourishing, deep-rootedness, can wind resistance.Rudiment power is strong,
Resistance to pruning.The speed of growth is medium, tree-like huge such as umbrella, cold avoiding of sheltering from heat or light.Survival period is long, the most anti-tide
Wind and resistance to flue dust and anti-toxic gas ability, and multiple toxic gas can be absorbed, relatively adapt to urban environment.
But different areas the most now transplant requirement higher in the case of, survival rate is relatively low.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method that can be effectively improved Radix Cinnamomi porrecti transplanting success.
In order to reach above-mentioned technical purpose, the technical scheme is that
A kind of method improving Radix Cinnamomi porrecti transplanting success, comprises the following steps:
(1) centered by planting point, kind of a plant hole is excavated downwards along surrounding, for guaranteeing not hydrops after transplanting,
Kind plant hole digs downwards deep 60cm and buries flexible porous tube underground, spreads 15～20cm graded broken stones above flexible porous tube,
Particle diameter≤the 3.5cm of described rubble, spreads the coarse sand of 15～30cm, coarse sand upper berth planting soil outside rubble.
After tree grafting growth dead, also an important reason is planted bottom the excessively viscous weight of soil, native ball
Damp and hot be difficult to distribute cause.When the excessively viscous weight of soil of planting, even if table soil is done, but when root is wet, trees move
Death after planting.Above-mentioned rubble, coarse sand structure not only contribute to draining, are more beneficial for breathing freely, and solve soil
Viscous weight problem.
(2) planting soil lay after, it is thus achieved that kind plant hole than native ball size big 16～20cm；The depth of planting should make
Soil ball surface is higher than soil plane (landform moulding finished surface, the main pin of this method before the soil plantation that refers to of plane herein
The Radix Cinnamomi porrecti plantation the highest to non-shade tree and appearance requirement) between 5～10cm, insert 20cm in planting plant hole thick
Nutrition Soil.
Big tree regeneration capacity is poor, and root wound healing is slow, needs the penetrating condition of good soil, easy shallow cave to plant,
Can not topple over because of tree height great Yi or for avoiding soil ball expose the deepest cultivation of earth surface effects effect or banket more.Tree
Planting deeply, soil ball surface earthing is the thickest, easily makes root hydrops, and damp and hot being difficult to of root sheds, and root system respiration is subject to
Resistance, wound healing is slow, is difficult to take root, and serious meeting causes root system blackening to be rotted.Soil ball surface is flat higher than soil
Between face 5～10cm, the problems referred to above can be solved very well.
(3) nursery stock is excavated: 1～2 day before transplantation, water the soil of Cortex cinnamomi camphorae, according to Cortex cinnamomi camphorae tree
5 times of dry diameter determine soil bulb diameter, and the thickness of soil ball is not less than the 2/3 of soil bulb diameter, during digging pair
Thick root system handsaw is sawed-off, and with straw rope wrapping soil ball, the otch of root is concordant with mud ball, and otch is bright and clean.
(4) being in harmonious proportion with root-inducing powder before transplanting and smear tree root wound, root is repaired before burying by Cortex cinnamomi camphorae,
With cutting soon, head of being completely cured is had one's hair trimmed.
(5) tree root is fully sprayed promotion growing plants growth promoter before Cortex cinnamomi camphorae enters cave.
(6) before plantation, Cortex cinnamomi camphorae is carried out pruning modes, under the configuration premise keeping tree crown, cut off
Overlapping branch, intersection branch, descending branch, the branch of excessive growth and overstocked weak branch；Spray 100～200 times of antiperspirants
Diluent, Herb squirts and uniformly moistens to not dripping, sprays 2～3 times continuously；The otch uneven to root is cut
Flat, in the naa solution that root spray concentration is 0.1% before plantation, the wound brushing concentration of root is 0.1%
Mixed solution, in described mixed solution, the mass ratio of naa and wool grease is 1:1, prevents wound from rotting.
Naa promotes restoration ecosystem, and wool grease is used for preventing infections.
(7) soil improvement, carries out soil improvement by using mountain loess to add fertilizer, makes planting soil pH value
It is maintained between 5～7, has obtained better growing conditions.
(8) remove the straw rope of root wrapping during plantation, Cortex cinnamomi camphorae tree bar is positioned.
Be afraid of to dissipate the clear-cut wrappages such as wrapping the soil straw rope of ball, straw mattress of not understanding that stick together when transplanting trees, such
Way is inadvisable, is difficult to consolidation because on the one hand planting to banket, difficulty of taking root；On the other hand straw rope hydrops meeting
Macerate root, burn root.
(9) backfill of constantly blunging in backfilling process is native, until becoming muddy, the most progressively returns after oozing under water
Banket.So, soil should meet trees drainage requirement, is in close contact with soil ball again, and do so can make
Soil density in tree well is more than ambient density, makes tree well not produce hydrops.
(10) when banketing to 2/3, sufficient water is watered in cofferdam, fills and determine root water in 24 hours, described determine root water and contains
There are 400 times of ABT and 500 times of naas.Second time water is watered after 2～3 days；Pour water after 2～3 times in 10 days,
Thin film moisturizing temperature raising is covered under tree crown.
Even if the inventive method is in the case of transplanting requirement is higher, Cortex cinnamomi camphorae can be effectively improved, particularly
The Cortex cinnamomi camphorae of more than the 30cm diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, the survival rate of transplanting, protect tree resources.
Detailed description of the invention
Miao Yuan selects:
Growth selection is vigorous, form good, trunk is straight, without pest and disease damage, the excellent Seedling source that has no mechanical damage, and
Carry out labelling.And purchase the most nearby, if buying is too remote, then soil property difference is too big, can make transplanting
Trees " being not acclimatized ".Additionally, transport is too remote, easily causes bough dry and root air-dries dehydration, long
Jolting of way transport easily makes soil ball crush, additionally, long-distance transport can increase cost of transportation.
Transplant time:
Selecting spring, the growth rhythm of big Lignum cinnamomi camphorae half to be clapped slowly relative to young nursery stock, so transplanting season as far as possible
The selection of joint is critically important.Big Lignum cinnamomi camphorae is transplanted and should say that spring is better than autumn and winter period.In transplanting autumn and winter
Lignum cinnamomi camphorae will be through the test in winter, and can the callus of wound produce in time, if the long root etc. that makes new advances, all
Because being in the winter time, the reaction to poor environment can not reflect in time, and remedying of necessity also cannot be taked to arrange
Execute.And spring transplants, temperature gos up, and Lignum cinnamomi camphorae comparatively fast enters growth, to the healing of wound, the growth of new root,
Advantageously, meanwhile, the situation observing big tree growth is the most much easier, can find in time to ask in the generation of sprouting
Topic, remedies in time.
Transplant:
(1) before transplanted seedling tree, centered by planting point, excavate downwards kind of a plant hole along surrounding, plant plant hole
Size should be determined according to soil gauge ball lattice and root system situation.For ensureing not hydrops after transplanting, according to transplanting nursery stock
Size, position, level of ground water etc. various situations select corresponding model and the flexible porous tube of specification,
Digging downwards deep 60cm on the basis of original kind of plant hole and bury flexible porous tube underground, paving 15～20cm gratings are broken above
Stone (ballast grain sizes≤3.5cm), spreads the coarse sand of 15～30cm, then spreads planting soil outside rubble.Soft
The outlet of water-permeable pipe to be connected with urban rainwater, or is directly discharged into river course.
(2) planting soil lay after, it is thus achieved that kind plant hole than native ball size big 16～20cm, in order to operate, set
The bore up and down in cave should be unified.；The depth of planting should make soil ball surface higher than (soil ball between soil plane 5～10cm
Expose 1/4 to be as the criterion).The plant pit depth ratio deep 20cm of soil ball, width about 40cm.About 20cm is inserted in plant pit
Thick Nutrition Soil (organic fertilizer containing becoming thoroughly decomposed) ensures that around root system, nutrient is sufficient.
(3) nursery stock is excavated: 1～2 day before transplantation, water the soil of Cortex cinnamomi camphorae, in case soil after Wa Jueing
Earth overdrying and make soil ball loose.According to Cortex cinnamomi camphorae trunk diameter 5 times determine soil bulb diameter, the thickness of soil ball
Degree is not less than the 2/3 of soil bulb diameter.
Additionally, main root can not be the shortest, otherwise siphonage can make nutrient run off from main root.The thickness one of soil ball
As not less than soil bulb diameter 2/3.Running into thick root system during digging can be sawed-off with handsaw, and unavailable spade axe is cut firmly.
Soil ball straw rope is wrapped up.Take the wrapping of which kind of method all with " tightly " as criterion.Arbor mud ball big
Little be usually the tree bar diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 7-8 times, digging tool should be sharp, and the otch of root is concordant with mud ball, otch
Should be bright and clean.Dig rear mud ball straw rope to wrap up firmly with the form of waist hoop and network.To branch out during excavation thin leaf,
Many bands place soil, and ship in time, plant.
Nursery stock is in cargo handling process, it is necessary to light packs, gently unload, it is impossible to throw away fall, dilatory, it is impossible to cause mud ball with
Loosening of root.Mud ball to be guaranteed stands intact.During arbor entrucking, branch is shelved on the portion on vehicle sideboard
Position straw bag to be filled out or soft matter.Nursery stock can not be suppressed when entrucking, and protection branch and treetop are injury-free.
Generally, it is desirable to night transports, and m seq arrives at building site, beneficially nursery stock water conservation and planting in time.
(4) being in harmonious proportion with root-inducing powder before transplanting and smear tree root wound, root is repaired before burying by Cortex cinnamomi camphorae,
With cutting soon, head of being completely cured is had one's hair trimmed, be the most just conducive to the new root of hair growth promoting.
(5) tree root is fully sprayed promotion growing plants growth promoter before Cortex cinnamomi camphorae enters cave.
Tree root is fully sprayed before setting greatly cave promotion growing plants growth promoter.The green use protected is joined
Than general at 10000-15000 times.Spray and be preferably used motor-driven high-pressure sprayer, medicinal liquid the most just can be made to exist
Big usage tree root is beaten fully, plays a role.
(6) before plantation, Cortex cinnamomi camphorae is carried out pruning modes, pruning be in order to absorb after keeping hindering root water quantities and
The balance of branch and leaf evaporation capacity.Under the configuration premise keeping tree crown, cut off overlapping branch, intersect branch, under
Weeping branch, the branch of excessive growth and overstocked weak branch；Spraying 100～200 times of antiperspirant diluents, Herb squirts all
Even moisten to not dripping, spray 2～3 times continuously；The otch uneven to root cuts flat, and sprays in root before plantation
Spilling the naa solution that concentration is 0.1%, the wound brushing concentration of root is the mixed solution of 0.1%, described mixed
Closing the mass ratio of naa and wool grease in solution is 1:1, prevents wound rotten.
(7) soil improvement, carries out soil improvement by using mountain loess to add fertilizer, makes planting soil pH value
It is maintained between 5～7, has obtained better growing conditions.
Seedling has better growing conditions, is to ensure that the basis transplanting quality, therefore soil improvement is the most important.
The earthwork landform having mechanical execution to the scene layer that loosens the soil does not reaches and requires plot, should generally plough deeply once so that it is
Reach certain porousness, and the foreign material of plant growing, building waste etc. are hindered in cleaning.Radix Cinnamomi porrecti is happiness acid
Property plant, planting soil pH value must can be carried out soil change by using mountain loess to add fertilizer between 5～7
Good.
(8) remove the straw rope of root wrapping during plantation, Cortex cinnamomi camphorae tree bar is positioned.
(9) backfilling process is constantly blunged backfill soil, until becoming muddy, about 10 minutes water can under
Soil is the most progressively backfilled after oozing.So, soil should meet trees drainage requirement, is in close contact with soil ball again,
Do so can make the soil density in tree well more than ambient density, makes tree well not produce hydrops.
Backfill soil, and compaction in layers, make soil combine closely with root, beneficially root growth.
(10) when banketing to 2/3, sufficient water is watered in cofferdam, fills and determines root water, determine root water by concentration in 24 hours
Be 0.04% ABT solution and naa solution that concentration is 0.05% constitute, the water yield is the most excessive for the first time,
Play the effect of compacting soil.Watering second time water after 2～3 days, the water yield wants foot, but can not be excessive, is strictly on guard against shadow
Ring the gas permeability of soil, suppress root system respiration.Pour water after 2～3 times in 10 days, under tree crown, cover 3 meters to 6 meters
Thin film moisturizing temperature raising.Digging less than 30 centimetres before overlay film and pinch soil ball, soil ball continues to water after scattering, has crackle then
Can water after 30 to 50 days.
Support: for preventing from loosening or wind-fall after Nursery stock transplanting, it is necessary to be supported.Conventional method can use bamboo
Bar gusseted.Encase at colligation point application burlap, in case grinding off cortex or causing band girdle.It is evenly arranged three
The position of root bamboo stem, touchdown point stone pad is lived or root is squeezed into pile (timber, concrete stake or steel pipe) and used ferrum
Silk colligation is good, and the strong point ties up with the rope made of hemp or nylon rope.
Maintenance management after transplanting:
(1) water and spray water: the first time water after transplanting to irrigate, and makes soil combine closely with root, protecting
After card plantation, soil does not produce space with big tree soil ball.Typically water permeable one or two time.Owing to big usage tree root is injured,
Absorbability is poor, and local level of ground water is the highest, afterwards to spray water to trunk straw rope, twice daily.
It is a long process to trunk water spray, if straw rope rots to come off, new straw rope can be tied up again, proceed spray
Water operation.
(2) fertilising: arboreal growth needs fertilizer, but the big tree of novel species is secondary to the requirement of fertilizer.Prevent
The only fertilizer overrich injury to root, fertilizer should be dense by light turn progressively by few the most, uses cautiously.Blade face
Supplementary fertilizer is to ensure that and survives, the requisite measure of fast quick-recovery tree vigo(u)r.Fertilization from outside can select to hang nutrient bag
Way, but for big tree, blade face supplementary fertilizer area is big, absorbs rapider.Can be with 0.3% concentration urea solution
With 0.3% potassium nitrate liquid, within every 10 days, alternately spray blade face, until tree vigo(u)r recovers.
(3) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: although Lignum cinnamomi camphorae pest and disease damage is less, but be necessary for before transplantation selecting non-hazardous sexually transmitted disease (STD)
The big tree of insect pest, once find pest and disease damage, rationally sprays medicine in time.
(4) diligent observation: once finding that big tree is weak should immediately treat.If leaf is weak, root should be checked immediately
Whether system rots, and available spade is dug a hole and checked, to wipe out immediately if any bad root phenomenon, not rot with wound surface
Point is as the criterion, and again cultivates with topsoil afterwards, waters with the Huolisu of dilution 100 times, if desired can be simultaneously
Trunk is used to inject liquid.
Above-described embodiment limits the present invention, every employing equivalent or the side of equivalent transformation never in any form
The technical scheme that formula obtains all falls within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the method improving Radix Cinnamomi porrecti transplanting success, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) centered by planting point, excavate downwards kind of a plant hole along surrounding, dig downwards deep 60cm at kind of plant hole
Bury flexible porous tube underground, above flexible porous tube, spread 15～20cm graded broken stones, outside rubble, spread 15～30cm
Coarse sand, coarse sand upper berth planting soil；
(2) planting soil lay after, it is thus achieved that kind plant hole than native ball size big 16～20cm；The depth of planting should make
Between soil ball surface is higher than soil plane 5～10cm, in planting plant hole, insert the thick Nutrition Soil of 20cm；
(3) nursery stock is excavated: 1～2 day before transplantation, water the soil of Cortex cinnamomi camphorae, according to Cortex cinnamomi camphorae tree
5 times of dry diameter determine soil bulb diameter, and the thickness of soil ball is not less than the 2/3 of soil bulb diameter, during digging pair
Thick root system handsaw is sawed-off, and with straw rope wrapping soil ball, the otch of root is concordant with mud ball, and otch is bright and clean；
(4) being in harmonious proportion with root-inducing powder before transplanting and smear tree root wound, root is repaired before burying by Cortex cinnamomi camphorae,
With cutting soon, head of being completely cured is had one's hair trimmed；
(5) tree root is fully sprayed promotion growing plants growth promoter before Cortex cinnamomi camphorae enters cave；
(6) before plantation, Cortex cinnamomi camphorae is carried out pruning modes, under the configuration premise keeping tree crown, cut off
Overlapping branch, intersection branch, descending branch, the branch of excessive growth and overstocked weak branch；Spray 100～200 times of antiperspirants
Diluent, Herb squirts and uniformly moistens to not dripping, sprays 2～3 times continuously；The otch uneven to root is cut
Flat, in the naa solution that root spray concentration is 0.1% before plantation, the wound brushing concentration of root is 0.1%
Mixed solution, in described mixed solution, the mass ratio of naa and wool grease is 1:1, prevents wound from rotting；
(7) soil improvement, makes planting soil pH value be maintained between 5～7；
(8) remove the straw rope of root wrapping during plantation, Cortex cinnamomi camphorae tree bar is positioned；
(9) backfill of constantly blunging in backfilling process is native, until becoming muddy, the most progressively returns after oozing under water
Banket；
(10) when banketing to 2/3, sufficient water is watered in cofferdam, fills and determine root water in 24 hours；Is watered after 2～3 days
Secondary water；Pour water after 2～3 times in 10 days, under tree crown, cover thin film moisturizing temperature raising.
A kind of method improving Radix Cinnamomi porrecti transplanting success the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In described step (1), the particle diameter≤3.5cm of described rubble.
A kind of method improving Radix Cinnamomi porrecti transplanting success the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In described step (7), carry out soil improvement by using mountain loess to add fertilizer.
A kind of method improving Radix Cinnamomi porrecti transplanting success the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In described step (10), described to determine root water by the ABT solution that concentration is 0.04% and concentration be 0.05%
Naa solution is constituted.
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| CN106508584A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-03-22 | 枞阳县弘阳园林绿化有限公司 | Camphor tree planting method |
| CN106977266A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-07-25 | 保山市美景园艺有限责任公司 | A kind of tree in out-of-season mode method for transplanting |
| CN107114188A (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2017-09-01 | 浙江天地园林工程有限公司 | A kind of implantation method of cinnamomum camphora tree |
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