CN107646606A - Salt-soda soil arbor method for transplanting - Google Patents
Salt-soda soil arbor method for transplanting Download PDFInfo
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- CN107646606A CN107646606A CN201710874595.7A CN201710874595A CN107646606A CN 107646606 A CN107646606 A CN 107646606A CN 201710874595 A CN201710874595 A CN 201710874595A CN 107646606 A CN107646606 A CN 107646606A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
- A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
- A01G23/04—Transplanting trees; Devices for grasping the root ball, e.g. stump forceps; Wrappings or packages for transporting trees
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Transplanting Machines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of salt-soda soil arbor method for transplanting, comprise the following steps：（1）Surveying setting-out；（2）Trees are completely cured, tree crown shape pruning；（3）Trunk wraps up；（4）Soil ball excavate, repair stick together, receives bottom, pack；（5）The handling and transport of trees；（6）Plant pit excavates；（7）Lay separation layer and water-permeable pipe, blast pipe are set；（8）Backfill planting soil；（9）Plant pit covers；（10）The late maintaining of trees and management.The present invention can not only control accumulation of salt in the surface soil alkali, lowering of watertable, a comfortable growing environment be provided for the large-scale arbor of transplanting, from saline and alkaline infringement；And local soil improvement, the lasting improvement of growth and salt-soda soil soil property beneficial to plant can be carried out to salt-soda soil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of tree transplanting method, more particularly, to a kind of salt-soda soil arbor method for transplanting.
Background technology
With regionl development and expanding economy, the ecological construction of coastal region is increasingly taken seriously, but soil is saline and alkaline
It is always the principal element for influenceing coastal region afforestation to change, and turns into the biggest obstacle of local ecodevelopment.China strand
There is the salt-soda soil of large area in area, and area reaches 34667000 hm2, and have the trend of growth, there are some to belong to what not even a blade of grass grows
" barren land ", is not effectively utilized also, and great pollution is caused to environment.Coastal region typically by salt content very
High sandbank and muddy coast composition, are characterized near apart from seashore, level of ground water is high, by seawater influence and saline groundwater
Dipping, for annual soil mean salt amount more than 6.0 ‰, main component is sodium chloride, and it is fluffy to grow reed, alkali under natural situation
Deng weeds；Sandbank soil fertility is very low, and trees, flowers and plants and crops can not grow under natural situation, carries out man
Woods greening is abnormal difficult；The soil texture sticks, and draining flushing is bad, saline and alkaline easily to return.The big specification arbor transplantation technique of beach saline land
To be the effective measures of promotion saline-alkali soil forestation work, salt-soda soil utilization and strand novel ecological urban construction.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are the defects of overcoming prior art, there is provided a kind of salt-soda soil arbor transplanting side
Method, this method can not only control accumulation of salt in the surface soil alkali, lowering of watertable, and a comfortable growth ring is provided for the large-scale arbor of transplanting
Border, from saline and alkaline infringement；And local soil improvement can be carried out to salt-soda soil, the growth and salt-soda soil soil property beneficial to plant
Lasting improvement.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of salt-soda soil arbor method for transplanting, it is characterized in that, including it is following
Step：
（1）Surveying setting-out：The size of soil ball is calculated, with 7~10 times of diameters for soil ball of trunk diameter at trees 1300mm, height
For the 2/3 of diameter；Centered on trunk, standardized circle work at outer 600~800mm is being enclosed again by calculating after size marks soil ball size
To operate ditch；
（2）Trees are completely cured, tree crown shape pruning：The big tree of root processing was not made to transplant or cut in 5 years, it is necessary to before transplantation 1~2
Cut root processing year, cut the root time before the beginning of spring weather just turns to warm up rudiment, to fall foliage before carry out；Pare off residual branch, dead
Branch, bull branch, trimming otch is smooth, prevents that wall splits, fracture wants toothing, it is impossible to paste root and subtract；
（3）Trunk wraps up：Trunk is wound or wrapped up with straw rope, burlap in transplanting by nursery stock；
（4）Soil ball excavate, repair stick together, receives bottom, pack；
（5）The handling and transport of trees；
（6）Plant pit excavates：Position of planting trees is being specified by design size unwrapping wire, according to the size of the plant diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, it is determined that dig the length in cave,
Wide, high, digging cave length is that 8~10 times of the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, 6~8 times of depth, and depth must not exceed the level of ground water on the ground, digging to tree
After the projected depth of cave, cave subsoil earth is tamped；
（7）Lay separation layer and water-permeable pipe, blast pipe are set：One layer of 10cm rubble isolation is first laid on the cave bottom tamped
Layer, then places flexible porous tube on this layer, and water-permeable pipe is wrapped up with permeable geotextiles, water-permeable pipe access drainage system,
Finally it is then covered with 20cm rubble separation layer；Used along crater wall vertical direction embedment PVC plastic pipe as blast pipe, PVC plastic pipe
Permeable geotextiles parcel, and surface layer is exposed into PVC plastic pipe upper end；
（8）Backfill planting soil：After separation layer, water-permeable pipe and blast pipe are set, one layer of 10cm of laying is thick on separation layer has
Machine fertilizer, peat wood, wood chip, bark and soil moved in improve the original are mixed thoroughly using mixer, form backfill planting soil；By soil ball handling to preparation
In good tree well, the straw rope of parcel soil ball is removed, carries out planting soil earth backing；
（9）Plant pit covers：After plantation earthen backfill terminates, plant pit covering is carried out, covering material includes stalk, mulch film, sawdust, sand
Son, straw screen or mat, grass is saved, shade tree plant pit covers the middle sand for using 10cm thick as coating in salt-soda soil；
（10）The late maintaining of trees and management：Need vertical pillar after the completion of tree grafting growth, pillar is set up using China fir or with thin
Steel wire rope is towed；Carry out trimming, stripping bud, foliage dressing, watering, draining, setting air partition, cool canopy, parcel trunk, cold-proof and disease pest
The maintenance management work of evil preventing and treating.
Further, above-mentioned steps（2）In, cutting root should staggeredly be carried out by stages, and its scope is preferably smaller 100mm than excavating scope；
Trim the fracture toothing of branch, a height of 10~20mm of stubble.
Further, above-mentioned steps（3）In, trunk parcel height from rhizome to branching-point at, be 1500~2000mm.
Further, above-mentioned steps（4）In, soil ball excavate, repair stick together, receives bottom, pack specific method be：By putting during excavation
The operation ditch of line is cut the earth, and first removes topsoil, is defined by being shown in Table root, then row is lower digs, run into thick root needs saw it is sawed-off, no
Can arbitrarily it fracture, it is ensured that wound is smooth, smears wound of being completely cured with 0.1% methyl α-naphthyl acetate and wool ester admixture, prevents corruption of being completely cured
It is rotten；Stayed Tu Tuo is accomplished into up big and down small frustoconical soil ball with milling after digging designated depth and carries out repairing bottom；Enclose interior waist
Rope, with the straw rope for having soaked water, soil ball waist is wound tightly, beaten with around with mallet, waist rope width is the 1/5 of soil ball；Enclose
After waist rope, the wide cunettes of a 50~60mm of circle are inwardly dug in soil ball bottom, around bottom edge, straw rope is not easy to release pocket when being packed with profit,
With packing material by soil ball Bao Yan, enclosed with straw rope and connect fixation, enclose outer waist rope, accomplish fluently after bag soil ball waist straw rope horizontal stroke around 200~
300mm waist rope, after the completion of above process, nursery stock is pushed over by predetermined direction.
Further, above-mentioned steps（5）In, the handling of trees and the specific method of transport are：It will be set before nursery stock lifting
Hat is collapsed, and remaining branches and leaves are caused when reducing handling to weigh or roll over branch wounded, hat is received and is carried out using plastic cloth, straw rope to dissipating branch at packing
Reason；Equidistantly arrange parcel after being bandaged with straw rope with batten again, batten spacing is 50~100mm；Heave Here in trees one
On individual weight balancing point, trees can not tilt stably after ensureing lifting；Suspender belt is fixed before lifting, lifting uses automobile
Hang, tonnage is more than 2 times of big tree estimated weight, during lifting, using the suspender belt fixed, is held with manpower, control soil
The motion direction of ball, root system during entrucking, soil ball, wooden case are preceding, and rear, tree crown tilts superelevation position and crowded around tree crown, not drag
Ground, gobo is covered on tree crown；It when soil ball is loaded and unloaded, should ensure that soil ball is complete, do not dissipate and stick together.
Further, above-mentioned steps（6）In, first using mechanical equivalent of light excavation, excavator rests on plant pit periphery, bottom soil
Carry out compacting and ensure safety, treat that fast dig arrives projected depth, use artificial spade instead and excavate；Plant pit crater wall keeps smooth complete, must not
There is protrusion.
Further, above-mentioned steps（7）In, a diameter of 3~5cm of stone of rubble separation layer, a diameter of 5cm of water-permeable pipe,
One plant pit preferably arranges four water-permeable pipes, " well " font arrangement.
Further, above-mentioned steps（8）In, organic fertilizer includes the matter of planting soil and peat, planting soil and peat
Amount is than being 7：3, wherein fertile soil is fully decomposed.
Further, above-mentioned steps（8）In, planting soil earth backing will be layered progress, be one layer per 300mm, continue after compacting
Earth backing, earth backing height to soil ball depth 3/4 when make to protect native ring, pour water, it is whole dry after moisture penetration, as soil sinks, three
Benefit fills out planting soil in it, rewaters whole dry, after the completion of to keep root neck position 1/4 soil ball depth above ground level；It should be incited somebody to action after plant
It is steady and sure that native ring is protected around plantation hole, Cheng Qiuzhuan, native ring is protected and is banked up with planting soil, highly more than 25cm.
Further, above-mentioned steps（10）In, first two months after tree transplanting, spraying work twice daily is carried out to big tree
Make, the garter processing for field headquarters nutrient solution of going forward side by side；One tree uses 3000 grams of nutrient solution, and an aperture is made a call under the branching-point of trunk,
Depth reaches bast, syringe needle is put into aperture, dropping speed does not flow out aperture by nutrient solution and is defined.
The beneficial effect that the present invention is reached：
1. raising native face, lowering of watertable using big cave new-soil technology, soil moved in improve the original raises ground and carries out draining leaching salt using the discrepancy in elevation,
To reach the purpose of improvement saline-alkali soil.Soil moved in improve the original raises behind ground relative reduction level of ground water, is on the one hand difficult to bottom water salt
Earth's surface is risen to by capillarity, is on the other hand advantageous to the soil water and moves down, soil is not susceptible to secondary salinization
Phenomenon, and the saline-alkali soil of bottom also can gradually desalinate.
2. saline and alkaline, improvement local soil is obstructed by setting the structures such as separation layer, water-permeable pipe.Salt-soda soil is through excessive
Year leaching, salt content can be less than lower floor in general upper layer of soil, if not taking corresponding braking measure, in lower soil
Salt branch return to upper strata with moisture content, and be detained upper strata after moisture evaporation, cause the generation of Secondary Saline, therefore can plant
Plant and separation layer is set under layer, stop the rising of salinity in soil with water, ensure the normal growth of plant with this, and in separation layer
Ooze pipe salt discharge can also effectively suppress soil moved in improve the original occur secondary salinization.
3. effectively transplanting large-scale arbor in salt-soda soil, trees grow into forest, and can improve the ecological environment in beach saline land area,
The improvement of continuation can also be carried out to the soil of locality with the growth of trees, improves local climate.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below.Following examples are only used for the technical side for clearly illustrating the present invention
Case, and can not be limited the scope of the invention with this.
The present invention provides a kind of salt-soda soil arbor method for transplanting, comprises the following steps：
1. surveying setting-out
The size of soil ball is calculated, is highly diameter typically with 7~10 times of diameters for soil ball of trunk diameter at trees 1300mm
2/3.Centered on trunk, standardized at outer 600~800mm enclose as operation is being enclosed again by calculating after size marks soil ball size
Ditch.
2. trees are completely cured, tree crown shape pruning
Do not made to transplant or cut the big tree that root is handled in 5 years, it is necessary to carry out within 1~2 year cutting root processing before transplantation.Cut root should be by stages
Staggeredly carry out, its scope is preferably smaller 100mm than excavation scope or so.The root time is cut, can be before the beginning of spring weather just turn to warm up rudiment, the autumn
The season preceding progress of fallen leaves.Tree body should be trimmed before excavation, according to the kind of trees, specification, tree crown situation, the age of tree, growth shape
Condition, trees location, field planting ground etc. determine pruning rate.Residual branch, dead arm, bull branch can be typically pared off, trimming otch is smooth, sternly
Anti- wall splits.Fracture wants toothing, it is impossible to paste root and subtract, stubble height is advisable with 10~20mm, it is too high it is too low can all influence wound healing and
The growth of trees.It is careful not to prune in rainy days, in case wound soaks, introduced disease.For larger trimming wound with killing
Seal with wax after microbial inoculum processing, be marked to viewing and admiring face and male and female face.
3. trunk wraps up
Large-scale nursery stock carries out trunk parcel in transplanting with straw rope, burlap etc., prevents trees abrade in migration process from damaging,
Harm of burning day is reduced, reduces day and night temperature, plays and reduces rising effect, to improve the survival rate of new wood of planting trees.Trunk wraps up
Mainly with straw rope or piece of sack etc. by trunk wind or wrap up, height typically from rhizome to branching-point at, about 1500
~2000mm or so.
4. soil ball excavate, repair stick together, receives bottom, pack
Large-scale nursery stock is cut the earth when excavating by the operation ditch of unwrapping wire, and soil ball diameter is 7~10 times of trunk diameter at 1300mm, highly
For the 2/3 of diameter.During excavation, topsoil is first removed, is defined by being shown in Table root, then the lower digging of row.It is sawed-off to run into thick root needs saw, no
It can arbitrarily fracture, also to ensure that wound is smooth, smear wound of being completely cured with 0.1% methyl α-naphthyl acetate and wool ester admixture, prevent from being completely cured
Rot.
Dig and stayed Tu Tuo is accomplished into up big and down small frustoconical soil ball and carrying out with milling after designated depth repair bottom, one
As deep-rootedness seeds such as pine tree, camellia Tu Tuo be bullet type, middle property seeds such as ginkgo, maple Tu Tuo are plain edition, shallow root
Seeds such as Japan cypress, water elm Tu Tuo are butterfly-type.
Interior waist rope is enclosed, with the straw rope for having soaked water, soil ball waist is wound tightly, beaten with around with mallet, waist rope width regards
Depending on soil ball soil property, generally 1/5 or so of soil ball.After having enclosed waist rope, it is wide that a 50~60mm of circle is inwardly dug in soil ball bottom
Cunette, around bottom edge, straw rope is not easy to release pocket when being packed with profit.With packing material (burlap, rush bag piece, piece of sack etc.) by soil ball bag
Sternly, enclosed with straw rope and connect fixation.Outer waist rope is enclosed, accomplishes fluently the waist rope in soil ball waist straw rope horizontal stroke around 200~300mm after bag.More than
After the completion of process, large-scale nursery stock is pushed over by predetermined direction.
5. the handling and transport of trees
Tree crown is collapsed before the lifting of large-scale nursery stock, when reducing handling remaining branches and leaves are caused to weigh wounded or roll over branch, receipts hat can be with
Packing processing is carried out to dissipating branch using plastic cloth, straw rope etc..The necessary extreme care of lifting, trunk, usage tree root impetus are very fragile
For damage, it is necessary to equidistantly arrange parcel after being bandaged with straw rope with batten again, batten spacing is generally 50~100mm.Heave Here should
On a weight balancing point for trees, trees can not tilt stably after ensureing lifting.Suspender belt is fixed before lifting, is lifted by crane
Using truck crane, tonnage is big set estimated weight more than 2 times, it is ensured that lifting safety.During lifting, hung using what is fixed
Band, held with manpower, control the motion direction of soil ball.Root system during entrucking, soil ball, wooden case are preceding, and tree crown is rear, in order to avoid weigh tree wounded
Branches and leaves are preced with, tree crown tilts superelevation position and crowded around as far as possible, not mop floor, and gobo is covered on tree crown, is reduced in transportation
Moisture evaporation.It when soil ball is loaded and unloaded, should ensure that soil ball is complete, do not dissipate and stick together.It should be sent during transport and be familiar with job location, transit route
Special messenger be responsible for escorting goods on a train, truck, etc., exclude running disorder at any time.
6. plant pit excavates
, according to the size of the plant diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, it is determined that digging the length in cave, typically dug by design size unwrapping wire specifying position of planting trees
Cave length is 8~10 times of the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, 6~8 times or so of depth；Also each lm of length and width big cave can directly be dug.It should ensure that plant pit
Length and width is dug at least above soil ball 20cm and is not less than 60~80cm deeply, and be advisable with the level of ground water no more than the ground.In order that
Plant is easier to survive, and according to actual conditions, plant pit depth and length can be larger.
Mechanical equivalent of light excavation is used first, and excavator rests on plant pit periphery, and bottom soil carries out compacting and ensures safety, treats to dig soon
To projected depth, use artificial spade instead and excavate.Plant pit crater wall keeps smooth complete, must not there is protrusion, digs deep to plant pit design
After degree, cave subsoil earth is suitably tamped.
7. lay separation layer and water-permeable pipe, blast pipe are set
One layer of 10cm rubble separation layer is first laid on the cave bottom tamped, flexible porous tube is then placed on this layer, thoroughly
Water pipe sand proof net（Permeable geotextiles）Wrapped up, water-permeable pipe access drainage system, be finally then covered with 20cm rubble isolation
Layer.A diameter of 3~the 5cm of stone of rubble separation layer, a diameter of 5cm of water-permeable pipe, a plant pit preferably arrange four water-permeable pipes, " well "
Font is arranged, can meet the draining salt discharge requirement of shade tree.
PVC plastic pipe is embedded to along crater wall vertical direction, PVC plastic pipe upper end is exposed surface layer, plays permeation functions, rain
After ponding can also in time be extracted out by this PVC plastic pipe and drain, blast pipe also needs to be wrapped up with permeable geotextiles.
8. backfill planting soil, plant pit covering
After separation layer, water-permeable pipe and blast pipe are set, the thick organic fertilizer of one layer of 10cm is laid on separation layer, it is organic fat
The mass ratio of material planting soil and peat is 7：3 ratio mixes uniform, and wherein fertile soil must be fully decomposed, and mixing is equal
It is even.The organic matters such as peat wood, wood chip, bark and soil moved in improve the original are mixed thoroughly using mixer, form backfill planting soil；Soil ball handling is arrived
In ready tree well, hanging stem body with suspender belt makes trunk be kept upright, and is laid according to the cue mark of trunk in a northerly direction,
Keep the former plant direction of big tree.The straw rope of parcel soil ball is removed, carries out planting soil earth backing；Earth backing will be layered progress, be per 300mm
One layer, continue earth backing after compacting, make to protect native ring when earth backing is highly to the 3/4 of soil ball depth, pour water, it is whole dry after moisture penetration,
As soil sinks, should be mended in three days and fill out planting soil, rewatered whole dry, after the completion of to keep root neck position above ground level 1/4 native
Ball depth or so.It is steady and sure that native ring should will be protected after plant around plantation hole, Cheng Qiuzhuan, native ring is protected and is banked up with planting soil, is highly more than
25cm；Plantation earthen backfill face will have certain angle, beneficial to draining, make washing salinity by irrigation effect more preferable.
After plantation earthen backfill terminates, plant pit covering can be carried out, by ground mulching, capillarity can be weakened, prevented
Generation salt accumulation in surface soil phenomenon.Main covering material has stalk, mulch film, sawdust, sand, straw screen or mat, province's grass etc..Trade in salt-soda soil
Tree plant pit covering preferably uses the thick middle sand of 10cm to be paved for coating using trivet, covering will have and compare uniformly without burst
Good salt tolerance effects.Plant pit covers slightly to make moderate progress to the content of each nutrient, but is waned without nutrient is fundamentally changed
Present situation, thus need extraneous to apply nitrogenous fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer to supplement soil nutrient in time.It must pacify when temperature is more than more than 25 DEG C
High-pressure sprayer is filled, accomplishes intermittent spraying when daily at 10 as 15, reduces blade face temperature, ensures the air of subenvironment
Humidity.
9. late maintaining and the management of trees
Vertical pillar is needed after the completion of tree grafting growth, pillar can be set up with China fir or be towed with seizing wire, the vertical jail of buried depth, branch
Post should pad soft thing such as burlap etc with trunk joint, then be connected pillar and plank with nail after pinioning trunk with plank
Connect, sunshade can be also put up after plantation, prevents Exposure to Sunlight.
Should be carried out after big tree transplanting trimming, stripping bud, foliage dressing, watering, draining, set air partition, cool canopy, parcel trunk,
The work of the maintenance managements such as the cold-proof and prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, especially waters, and waters three times, to irrigate, to seal cave after having poured in time, with
After can be sprayed according to the watering in time of weather condition and soil moisture content or tree crown.It is too urgent that current are avoided in watering, such as cave soil depression, big tree tilt,
Timely righting is answered to earth up.When winter resin stops flowing, jelly water should be irrigated and seal cave；Early spring resin starts flowing or sprig greening
When, plant pit should be opened wide and pour water of turning green.In order to prevent the big tree early ageing and withered and yellow after transplanting, so that attacked by pest and disease damage, except planting
Plant outside preceding cave bottom application base manure, each spraying fertilizer 1 time when setting firm rudiment and the long 100mm of young sprout or so, the autumn long tip greatly, using nitrogenous fertilizer as
Main, every plant of 100~150g every time is made into that the aqueous solution pours or 5~10% urea or potassium dihydrogen phosphate carry out foliage top dressing, promotees
Enter young sprout growth.After autumn growth stops growing, phosphorus, the top dressing 1 time based on potassium are imposed, promotes young sprout lignifying.
First two months after tree transplanting, spray operations secondary daily need to be carried out to big tree, to reduce the steaming of the moisture of plant
Hair amount, and carried out the garter processing of nutrient solution.Garter one uses 3000 grams of nutrient solution, and one is made a call under the branching-point of trunk
Aperture, depth are advisable with reaching bast, syringe needle are put into aperture, dropping speed does not flow out aperture by nutrient solution and is defined.
Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, without departing from the technical principles of the invention, some improvement and deformation can also be made, these are improved and deformation
Also it should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of salt-soda soil arbor method for transplanting, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps：
（1）Surveying setting-out：The size of soil ball is calculated, with 7~10 times of diameters for soil ball of trunk diameter at trees 1300mm, height
For the 2/3 of diameter；Centered on trunk, standardized circle work at outer 600~800mm is being enclosed again by calculating after size marks soil ball size
To operate ditch；
（2）Trees are completely cured, tree crown shape pruning：The big tree of root processing was not made to transplant or cut in 5 years, it is necessary to before transplantation 1~2
Cut root processing year, cut the root time before the beginning of spring weather just turns to warm up rudiment, to fall foliage before carry out；Pare off residual branch, dead
Branch, bull branch, trimming otch is smooth, prevents that wall splits, fracture wants toothing, it is impossible to paste root and subtract；
（3）Trunk wraps up：Trunk is wound or wrapped up with straw rope, burlap in transplanting by nursery stock；
（4）Soil ball excavate, repair stick together, receives bottom, pack；
（5）The handling and transport of trees；
（6）Plant pit excavates：Position of planting trees is being specified by design size unwrapping wire, according to the size of the plant diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, it is determined that dig the length in cave,
Wide, high, digging cave length is that 8~10 times of the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, 6~8 times of depth, and depth must not exceed the level of ground water on the ground, digging to tree
After the projected depth of cave, cave subsoil earth is tamped；
（7）Lay separation layer and water-permeable pipe, blast pipe are set：One layer of 10cm rubble isolation is first laid on the cave bottom tamped
Layer, then places flexible porous tube on this layer, and water-permeable pipe is wrapped up with permeable geotextiles, water-permeable pipe access drainage system,
Finally it is then covered with 20cm rubble separation layer；Used along crater wall vertical direction embedment PVC plastic pipe as blast pipe, PVC plastic pipe
Permeable geotextiles parcel, and surface layer is exposed into PVC plastic pipe upper end；
（8）Backfill planting soil：After separation layer, water-permeable pipe and blast pipe are set, one layer of 10cm of laying is thick on separation layer has
Machine fertilizer, peat wood, wood chip, bark and soil moved in improve the original are mixed thoroughly using mixer, form backfill planting soil；By soil ball handling to preparation
In good tree well, the straw rope of parcel soil ball is removed, carries out planting soil earth backing；
（9）Plant pit covers：After plantation earthen backfill terminates, plant pit covering is carried out, covering material includes stalk, mulch film, sawdust, sand
Son, straw screen or mat, grass is saved, shade tree plant pit covers the middle sand for using 10cm thick as coating in salt-soda soil；
（10）The late maintaining of trees and management：Need vertical pillar after the completion of tree grafting growth, pillar is set up using China fir or with thin
Steel wire rope is towed；Carry out trimming, stripping bud, foliage dressing, watering, draining, setting air partition, cool canopy, parcel trunk, cold-proof and disease pest
The maintenance management work of evil preventing and treating.
2. salt-soda soil arbor method for transplanting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned steps（2）In, cut root should be by stages
Staggeredly carry out, its scope is preferably smaller 100mm than excavating scope；Trim the fracture toothing of branch, a height of 10~20mm of stubble.
3. salt-soda soil arbor method for transplanting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned steps（3）In, trunk parcel
It is 1500~2000mm at highly from rhizome to branching-point.
4. salt-soda soil arbor method for transplanting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned steps（4）In, soil ball excavation,
Repair stick together, receive bottom, packing specific method be：Cut the earth during excavation by the operation ditch of unwrapping wire, first remove topsoil, to be shown in Table root
It is defined, then the lower digging of row, it is sawed-off to run into thick root needs saw, it is not possible to arbitrarily fracture, it is ensured that wound is smooth, with 0.1% methyl α-naphthyl acetate
Smear and be completely cured wound with wool ester admixture, prevent from being completely cured rotten；Dig after designated depth with milling stayed Tu Tuo is accomplished it is upper big
Under small frustoconical soil ball and carry out repairing bottom；Enclose interior waist rope, with the straw rope for having soaked water, soil ball waist is wound it is tight, with around
Beaten with mallet, waist rope width is the 1/5 of soil ball；After having enclosed waist rope, it is wide that a 50~60mm of circle is inwardly dug in soil ball bottom
Cunette, around bottom edge, straw rope is not easy to release pocket when being packed with profit, with packing material by soil ball Bao Yan, is enclosed with straw rope and connects fixation, enclose outer waist
Rope, accomplishes fluently waist rope in soil ball waist straw rope horizontal stroke around 200~300mm after bag, and after the completion of above process, nursery stock is pressed into predetermined party
To pushing over.
5. salt-soda soil arbor method for transplanting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned steps（5）In, the handling of trees
And the specific method of transport is：Tree crown is collapsed before nursery stock lifting, remaining branches and leaves are caused to weigh or roll over branch wounded when reducing handling,
Receive hat and packing processing is carried out to dissipating branch using plastic cloth, straw rope；Equidistantly arrange parcel after being bandaged with straw rope with batten again, wood
Stripe pitch is 50~100mm；Heave Here is on a weight balancing point for trees, and trees can not incline stably after ensureing lifting
Tiltedly；Suspender belt is fixed before lifting, lifting uses truck crane, and tonnage is big set estimated weight more than 2 times, during lifting,
Using the suspender belt fixed, held with manpower, control the motion direction of soil ball, root system, soil ball, wooden case are in preceding, tree crown during entrucking
Rear, tree crown tilts superelevation position and crowded around, and not mop floor, gobo is covered on tree crown；When soil ball is loaded and unloaded, soil should ensure that
Ball is complete, does not dissipate and sticks together.
6. salt-soda soil arbor method for transplanting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned steps（6）In, first using machine
Tool excavates, and excavator rests on plant pit periphery, and bottom soil carries out compacting and ensures safety, treats that fast dig arrives projected depth, uses people instead
Work spade excavates；Plant pit crater wall keeps smooth complete, must not there is protrusion.
7. salt-soda soil arbor method for transplanting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned steps（7）In, rubble separation layer
The a diameter of 3~5cm of stone, a diameter of 5cm of water-permeable pipe, a plant pit preferably arranges four water-permeable pipes, " well " font arrangement.
8. salt-soda soil arbor method for transplanting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned steps（8）In, organic fertilizer bag
Include planting soil and peat, the mass ratio of planting soil and peat is 7：3, wherein fertile soil is fully decomposed.
9. salt-soda soil arbor method for transplanting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned steps（8）In, planting soil earth backing
Progress is layered, is one layer per 300mm, continues earth backing after compacting, makees to protect native ring when earth backing is highly to the 3/4 of soil ball depth, pour
Sufficient water, it is whole dry after moisture penetration, as soil sinks, mended in three days and fill out planting soil, rewatered whole dry, after the completion of to keep root neck
Position 1/4 soil ball depth above ground level；It is steady and sure that native ring should will be protected after plant around plantation hole, Cheng Qiuzhuan, protects native ring planting soil
Bank up, highly more than 25cm.
10. salt-soda soil arbor method for transplanting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, above-mentioned steps（10）In, after tree transplanting
First two months, spray operations twice daily, the garter processing for field headquarters nutrient solution of going forward side by side are carried out to big tree；One tree uses nutrition
3000 grams of liquid, an aperture is made a call under the branching-point of trunk, depth reaches bast, and syringe needle is put into aperture, dropping speed with
Nutrient solution does not flow out aperture and is defined.
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| CN108668824A (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2018-10-19 | 北京盛世润禾园林科技有限公司 | A kind of elm kind method for transplanting |
| CN108782095A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-11-13 | 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所 | A kind of light moderate saline-alkali soil clover method for transplanting |
| CN108934906A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2018-12-07 | 山东美华环境科技有限公司 | A kind of rare tree species transplanting digging packing apparatus and its packaging method |
| CN109588186A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-04-09 | 天津市德宇生物工程技术有限公司 | Isolated planting tree plantation technique |
| CN109699381A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-05-03 | 山东博华高效生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of method of salt-soda soil plantation Cortex Eucommiae |
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| CN109588186B (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2021-09-14 | 天津市德宇生物工程技术有限公司 | Planting process of lonely planted tree |
| CN109699381A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-05-03 | 山东博华高效生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of method of salt-soda soil plantation Cortex Eucommiae |
| CN112005837A (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2020-12-01 | 山东华夏高科农业科技发展有限公司 | Transplanting and watering method for gleditsia sinensis trees |
| CN113229096A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-08-10 | 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所 | Method suitable for afforestation and greening of high-altitude towns |
| CN115280928A (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2022-11-04 | 江苏山水环境建设集团股份有限公司 | Construction method for planting micro landscape in flower environment |
| CN115299208A (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2022-11-08 | 新疆维泰开发建设（集团）股份有限公司 | Construction method for arranging exhaust holes on vegetation in saline-alkali soil |
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