CN107439338A - A kind of method of the summer high temperature complete crown transplanting big tree of Liriodendron chinense - Google Patents
A kind of method of the summer high temperature complete crown transplanting big tree of Liriodendron chinense Download PDFInfo
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- CN107439338A CN107439338A CN201710812834.6A CN201710812834A CN107439338A CN 107439338 A CN107439338 A CN 107439338A CN 201710812834 A CN201710812834 A CN 201710812834A CN 107439338 A CN107439338 A CN 107439338A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
- A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
- A01G23/04—Transplanting trees; Devices for grasping the root ball, e.g. stump forceps; Wrappings or packages for transporting trees
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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Abstract
A kind of method of the summer high temperature complete crown transplanting big tree of Liriodendron chinense, belongs to Big Trees Transplant field.Comprise the following steps：1）It is completely cured and sprouts root；2）Digging entrucking；3）Transport is unloaded；4）Trim anti-corrosion；5）Soil improvement；6）Dig cave plant；7）Plant；8）Support, maintenance；9）Preventing disease and pest.A kind of method of the above-mentioned summer high temperature complete crown transplanting big tree of Liriodendron chinense, by scientific transplant and maintenance management, make the survival rate after Liriodendron chinense big tree transplanting high, root is more, branch is numerous, full of leaves, reached survive, the healthy effect to grow vigorously.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Big Trees Transplant field, specially a kind of side of the summer high temperature complete crown transplanting big tree of Liriodendron chinense
Method.
Background technology
The big tree of Liriodendron chinense generally refers to Liriodendron chinense more than diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 20cm.Liriodendron chinense is called Liriodendron, deciduous tree, Gao Ke
Up to 40 meters, for the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground up to 1 meter, branch bar is in taupe, leaf like mandarin jacket.Flower cup-shaped, in green-yellow.Property happiness temperate zone moist climate,
Slightly shade tolerant, it is not water-fast wet, mainly it is grown in the Yangtze river basin and Zhejiang, Southern Anhui Province and Middle North China area.Liriodendron chinense is leaf strange
Spy, tree-shaped is attractive in appearance, and foliation is early, and fallen leaves are slow, with luxuriant foliage and spreading branches in leafy profusion, are ornamental tree species precious in afforestation, can also make the cloudy tree in front yard and
Shade tree, timber are available for building, furniture woodses, and micromicro is used as medicine.But if transplanting Liriodendron chinense sapling in gardens, to reach gardens
Landscape effect is then wasted time and energy expected from engineering, also engineering duration general unit in charge of construction can not independently really, common engineering
On-stream time in the second half year, to be applied for Landscape Construction with regard to inevitably to carry out summer high temperature planting technique
Work, so to reach satisfied garden landscape effect within the regular hour, develop a kind of summer high temperature complete crown transplanting horse
The technology that gown wood is set greatly is necessary.
The content of the invention
For the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, it is an object of the invention to design to provide a kind of summer high temperature complete crown
Transplant the technical scheme of the method for the big tree of Liriodendron chinense, by scientific transplant and maintenance management, make after Liriodendron chinense big tree transplanting into
Motility rate is high, and root is more, branch is numerous, full of leaves, reached survive, the healthy effect to grow vigorously.
The method of described a kind of summer high temperature complete crown transplanting big tree of Liriodendron chinense, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1）It is completely cured and sprouts root：2 years in advance big to Liriodendron chinense tree is completely cured, and soil ball of being completely cured scope is circular, the 1st year soil ball model of being completely cured
To enclose to increase 0.1-0.4m on the basis of 6-8 times of the Liriodendron chinense diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, soil ball scope of being completely cured for the 2nd year is 6-8 times of the Liriodendron chinense diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground,
Depth of being completely cured 30-40cm, before the time of being completely cured every time sprouts for winter end to early spring young sprout；
2）Digging entrucking：1 week before digging, the plot of soil ball scope fills permeable 1-2 times, to 3-4 concentration 400-600 of foliage spray
Times solution suppresses rising agent, morning on the same day of digging sprays 1 time, spray 1 time after digging entrucking, arrival planting site when spray 1 concentration again
400-600 times of solution suppresses rising agent；
3）Transport is unloaded：In transit, big tree surrounding is put ice cube and cooled, and is being covered with sunshade net above big tree,
Obscurity is 70-80%；
4）Trim anti-corrosion：Tree root system, branches and leaves trimming are carried out before plantation, more than 10cm big wound keeps smooth, with wound
Mouth protective agent adds a small amount of clear water to stir paste, and wound is smeared with brush, molten to big tree 1 400-600 times of concentration of foliage spray after trimming
Liquid suppresses rising agent, to after field planting to big 700-900 times of solution root-growing agent of usage tree root spray concentration；
5）Soil improvement：Soil improvement is carried out to the plot of field planting, before field planting, passes through soil scarifying, then upper berth organic fertilizer
8-12kg/ ㎡, calcium superphosphate 1-3kg/ ㎡, are then ploughed deeply, depth of turning soil is in 30 more than cm with rotary cultivator so that soil,
Organic fertilizer, calcium superphosphate are sufficiently mixed；
6）Dig cave plant；
7）Plant：First to planting hole bottom backfill Nutrition Soil and having peace of mind, adjust towards sunny side or view and admire face, the big tree of Liriodendron chinense is put
Put on the mound in planting hole center, after slightly fixed, inserted with stereoplasm tube in subsoil pour it is permeable, then with nutrition earthen backfill
30cm-40cm, then the big tree perpendicularity of adjustment, back-filling in layers Nutrition Soil, progress planting hole microbending soil improvement, layering are stepped on again
In fact, by the fermentation bark that the ground mulching 5cm-10cm in the range of planting hole is thick after the completion of, Surface Humid is kept；
Described nutritive soil preparation：It will improve the soil and matrix, organic fertilizer, calcium magnesium phosphate and banket to be sufficiently stirred Nutrition Soil is made；It is described
Matrix of improving the soil be that volume ratio is 4-6：2-4：1-3 peat：Vermiculite：Perlite is sufficiently stirred with machine and is made, and is banketed to plant
The table soil on plant hole periphery；
Above-mentioned matrix of improving the soil, organic fertilizer, the dosage standard of calcium magnesium phosphate are as follows, and dosage of banketing standard is defined by filling up planting hole；
The big tree diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 40cm of Liriodendron chinense and more than：Matrix of improving the soil 25-35kg/ strains, organic fertilizer 45-55kg/ strains, calcium magnesium phosphate 15-
25kg/ strains, fermentation bark 15-25kg/ strains；
The big tree diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 30cm-40cm of Liriodendron chinense：Matrix of improving the soil 20-30kg/ strains, organic fertilizer 35-45kg/ strains, calcium magnesium phosphate 10-
15kg/ strains, fermentation bark 10-20kg/ strains；
The big tree diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 20-30cm of Liriodendron chinense：Matrix of improving the soil 15-25kg/ strains, organic fertilizer 25-35kg/ strains, calcium magnesium phosphate 5-15kg/
Strain, fermentation bark 5-15kg/ strains；
The big tree diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 10-20cm of Liriodendron chinense：Matrix of improving the soil 10-20kg/ strains, organic fertilizer 15-25kg/ strains, calcium magnesium phosphate 2-8kg/
Strain, fermentation bark 2-8kg/ strains；
8）Support, maintenance；
9）Preventing disease and pest：Adhere to relying mainly on prevention, prevent and treat the principle of combination.
A kind of method of described summer high temperature complete crown transplanting big tree of Liriodendron chinense, it is characterised in that step 4）In：Will splitting
Root, disease pest root, long wipe out, and branch trimmed, guarantor treat on the ground, underground balancing；Suitably dredge dilute periphery and inside not
Necessary weak branch, stay more strong germinating branch and growth branch, Mowing frequency be less than full branch amount, the 1/4 of leaf amount, do not injure young shoot,
Do not destroy crown.
A kind of method of described summer high temperature complete crown transplanting big tree of Liriodendron chinense, it is characterised in that step 5）In：After improvement
Plant soil is set to reach loosing soil, draining is good, and noncapillary poropsity is not less than 10%, and P in soil H values are 7.0-8.0, salt content
Not higher than 0.12%, soil nutrient elements balance.
A kind of method of described summer high temperature complete crown transplanting big tree of Liriodendron chinense, it is characterised in that step 6）In：Planting hole
60cm-80cm, planting hole depth ratio soil ball thickness increase 20cm-30cm are increased than soil ball diameter；Cave is dug using machinery to scrape out slightly
After base, then planting hole is subjected to manual amendment, makes the upper edge and base vertical of planting hole.
A kind of method of described summer high temperature complete crown transplanting big tree of Liriodendron chinense, it is characterised in that step 7）In：To draining
Bad kind plant hole, l0-15cm gravels or laying soakaway trench, french drain are spread at cave bottom.
A kind of method of described summer high temperature complete crown transplanting big tree of Liriodendron chinense, it is characterised in that step 8）In：Plant
Cheng Hou, temporary support is removed, is changed to four pin permanent supports, tree body aerial part, moisturizing of spraying water in time, while mistake during careful anti-spraying
More water droplets enter root area, prevent from setting pond ponding；The microclimate environment of moistening is provided for tree body, it is big to set plant initial stage or high temperature
Dry season, builds the shade of cool canopy complete crown, and cool canopy top and surrounding keep 45-55cm distances, degree of shading 65-75% with tree crown；
New planting big trees, keep soil suitably to moisten, pour for the first time during plant permeable, after the completion of transplanting big tree, delay again in 24h
Water irrigates a water slowly, and day dry season poured 1 water every 7-8 days, and rainy season is it is noted that draining；Liriodendron chinense big tree plant initial stage
Root system proceeds by soil application after sprouting, it is desirable to which thin fertilizer is diligent to be applied；In first winter after summer high temperature plant, entering cold tide
Before arriving, tree body heat insulation work is carried out；Checked one time every 3-5 days, the scope of examination is mainly branch, leaf, bar growth and disease pest
Situation, and timely processing are improved in evil situation, tree body, root soil dry and wet situation and coring developmental state, support and freeze injury protection.
A kind of method of described summer high temperature complete crown transplanting big tree of Liriodendron chinense, it is characterised in that step 9）In：Liriodendron chinense
Sunscald：Accomplish matching species with the site, or with other deciduous species miscegenations, reinforcement is fostered, draining, avoids falling ill；August part Liriodendron chinense leaf
Pinta harm is serious, at the initial stage of a disease, is prevented and treated with 450-550 times of liquid of thiophanate methyl or the de- 1500-2000 times of liquid of enemy's power；
Liriodendron chinense leaf roller：Larva endangers leaf, manually wipes out killed spike top, or 80% DDVP 1400- is spurted after Sheng is incubated
900-1100 times of liquid of 1600 times of liquid or 25% phosmet or every milliliter of 0.45-0.55 times of spore bacillus thruingensis liquid；
Liriodendron chinense Clania variegata Snellen：Larval feeding leaf, caused harm with the 7-9 months heavier, manual removal's worm bag, or with 90% metrifonate 800-
1000-1500 times of liquid of 1000 times of liquid or 80% ddvp emulsion sprays larva；
Liriodendron chinense Philosamia cynthia：June and 9-10 month larvas are caused harm blade, manually pluck cocoon and black light lamp lures moth, with 80% DDVP or 10%
1000-1500 times of liquid of imidacloprid missible oil or 40% speed slaughter missible oil and add 900-1100 times of liquid of AVM or 50% Folithion missible oil
900-1100 times, 20% killing bacterium ester, decis spray；
Liriodendron chinense swallowtail butterfly：Larva endangers leaf, worker's Kill the larva or is sprayed with 1800-2200 times of liquid of metrifonate.
Described suppression transpiration agent, the entitled state's light suppression of medicine are steamed, can bought by Sichuan Guoguang Agrochemical Co., Ltd..It is described
Wound protective agent, the entitled muddle of medicine, can be bought by Sichuan Guoguang Agrochemical Co., Ltd..Described root-growing agent, medicine are entitled
Power GG states light, can be bought by Sichuan Guoguang Agrochemical Co., Ltd..Above-mentioned steps 5）In organic fertilizer, can be by Ganzhou Yu Feng
Forestry development corporation, Ltd. buys.Described matrix of improving the soil, can be bought by Senhe Seed Industry Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Pror..Step 7）In
Organic fertilizer, can be bought by Ganzhou Yu Feng forestry development corporation, Ltd..
A kind of method of the above-mentioned summer high temperature complete crown transplanting big tree of Liriodendron chinense, 2 years in advance at twice it is big to Liriodendron chinense set into
Row is completely cured, and sprouts root by being completely cured, and promotes to sprout a large amount of new roots；Repeatedly sprinkling suppresses rising agent, and the blade of blade and branch bar is protected
Fresh rate reaches more than 95%, works well；To big wound brushing Wound protective agent, corrosion prevention percentage reaches more than 95%；To right after field planting
Big usage tree root sprinkling root-growing agent so that rooting rate reaches more than 98%；Soil improvement is carried out to the plot of field planting, is advantageous to set greatly
Root equably absorbs nutrient, promotes big tree growth；Tree big to Liriodendron chinense was supported, conserved later stage, to pest and disease damage carry out section
Learn management；The implantation method is scientific and effective, makes the survival rate after Liriodendron chinense big tree transplanting high, root is more, branch is numerous, full of leaves, reaches
Survive, the effect that health grows vigorously.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
1）It is completely cured and sprouts root：By the big tree of Liriodendron chinense to be transplanted, preferably growing way is vigorous, robust plant, logical straight, the root system hair of mobile jib
The big tree of Liriodendron chinense for reach, growing healthy and strong, no disease and pests harm, having no mechanical damage, 2 years in advance big to Liriodendron chinense tree are completely cured, are completely cured
For soil ball scope for circle, soil ball scope of being completely cured for the 1st year increases 0.1-0.4m on the basis of being 6-8 times of the Liriodendron chinense diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, and the 2nd year disconnected
Root soil ball scope is 6-8 times, depth of being completely cured 30-40cm of the Liriodendron chinense diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, and the time of being completely cured every time sprouts for winter end to early spring young sprout
Before dynamic, root is sprouted by being completely cured, promotes to sprout a large amount of new roots；
2）Digging entrucking：1 week before digging, the plot of soil ball scope fills permeable 1-2 times, to 3-4 concentration 400-600 of foliage spray
Times solution suppresses rising agent, morning on the same day of digging sprays 1 time, spray 1 time after digging entrucking, arrival planting site when spray 1 concentration again
400-600 times of solution suppresses rising agent；Repeatedly sprinkling suppresses rising agent, the fresh-keeping rate of blade of blade and branch bar is reached 95% with
On, work well；Soil ball straw rope Stagger-wrap after digging, the specification that container stores up tree amplify 40- according to arbor soil ball diameter
45cm；
3）Transport is unloaded：Set before entrucking greatly, first wrapped trunk, more than diameter 10cm branch with straw rope, burlap, cushioned layer
Prevent from wearing trunk, keep straw rope, the moistening of burlap；In transit, the big tree surrounding on vehicle will put ice cube and be dropped
Temperature, covered with sunshade net above big tree, the obscurity of sunshade net is 70-80%；Close to plant hole is planted when big tree is unloaded, gently
It is put on pad and puts neatly, big tree is transplanted in time after transporting to scene；
4）Trim anti-corrosion：Tree root system trimming is carried out before plantation, splitting root, disease pest root, long are wiped out, and branch is carried out
Trimming, guarantor treat ground, underground balancing；Dilute periphery and internal unnecessary weak branch are suitably dredged, stays strong germinating branch and growth branch more,
Mowing frequency be less than full branch amount, the 1/4 of leaf amount, do not injure young shoot, do not destroy it is crown；All more than 10cm big wound should be smooth
It is smooth, paste is stirred with Wound protective agent plus a small amount of clear water, smears wound with brush, corrosion prevention percentage reaches more than 95%；To will after trimming
Be colonized 400-600 times of the concentration of the foliage spray 1 time solution set greatly and suppress rising agent, to after field planting to big usage tree root spray concentration,
700-900 times of solution root-growing agent so that rooting rate reaches more than 98%；
5）Soil improvement：Soil improvement is carried out to the plot of field planting, before field planting, passes through soil scarifying, then upper berth organic fertilizer
8-12kg/ ㎡, calcium superphosphate 1-3kg/ ㎡, make plant soil reach loosing soil, draining is good, and noncapillary poropsity is not less than
10%, P in soil H value are 7.0-8.0, and salt content is not higher than 0.12%, soil nutrient elements balance；Then carried out with rotary cultivator deep
Turn over, depth of turning soil is in 30 more than cm so that soil, organic fertilizer, calcium superphosphate are sufficiently mixed, and are advantageous to big usage tree root equably
Nutrient is absorbed, promotes big tree growth；
6）Dig cave plant：Dig before cave and mark planting hole scope with lime, increase 60cm-80cm than soil ball diameter, transplant acupoint depth
Increase 20cm-30cm than soil ball thickness；Dug using machinery after cave scrapes out crude green body, then planting hole is subjected to manual amendment, make plant
The upper edge and base vertical in cave；
7）Plant：First reached to planting hole bottom backfill Nutrition Soil and require highly and steady and sure；When soil ball seedling is hung to cave bottom but does not fall
In real time, by edge on 2-3 human hand soil-shifting balls, adjust towards sunny side or view and admire face, by big placement and the planting hole set steadily of Liriodendron chinense
On the mound in center, hanging belt is not first removed, adjusts to trunk and is vertically transplanted again up and down；After slightly fixing, inserted with stereoplasm tube
Enter to carry out pouring in subsoil permeable, be advisable with the infiltration of whole bottom Nutrition Soil；To the kind plant hole of impeded drainage, l0- is spread at cave bottom
15cm gravels or laying soakaway trench, french drain, then with nutrition earthen backfill 30cm-40cm；Then adjustment is big again sets perpendicularity, layering
Nutrition Soil is backfilled, carries out planting hole microbending soil improvement, layering is steady and sure；Backfill height south is less than soil ball height 4-6cm, north
Side is higher by 5cm-10cm, after the completion of by fermentation bark thick the ground mulching 5cm-10cm in the range of planting hole, keep earth's surface wet
Profit；
Nutritive soil preparation：It will improve the soil and matrix, organic fertilizer, calcium magnesium phosphate and banket to be sufficiently stirred Nutrition Soil is made；Described improves the soil
Matrix is that volume ratio is 4-6：2-4：1-3 peat：Vermiculite：Perlite is sufficiently stirred with machine and is made, and is banketed as planting hole week
The table soil on side；
Above-mentioned matrix of improving the soil, organic fertilizer, the dosage standard of calcium magnesium phosphate are as follows, and dosage of banketing standard is defined by filling up planting hole；
The big tree diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 40cm of Liriodendron chinense and more than：Matrix of improving the soil 25-35kg/ strains, organic fertilizer 45-55kg/ strains, calcium magnesium phosphate 15-
25kg/ strains, fermentation bark 15-25kg/ strains；
The big tree diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 30cm-40cm of Liriodendron chinense：Matrix of improving the soil 20-30kg/ strains, organic fertilizer 35-45kg/ strains, calcium magnesium phosphate 10-
15kg/ strains, fermentation bark 10-20kg/ strains；
The big tree diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 20-30cm of Liriodendron chinense：Matrix of improving the soil 15-25kg/ strains, organic fertilizer 25-35kg/ strains, calcium magnesium phosphate 5-15kg/
Strain, fermentation bark 5-15kg/ strains；
The big tree diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 10-20cm of Liriodendron chinense：Matrix of improving the soil 10-20kg/ strains, organic fertilizer 15-25kg/ strains, calcium magnesium phosphate 2-8kg/
Strain, fermentation bark 2-8kg/ strains；
8）Support, maintenance：After the completion of plantation, temporary support is removed, four pin permanent supports are changed to, through normal after the big tree field planting of Liriodendron chinense
Supporting construction is checked, is reinforced in time；Tree body aerial part, particularly blade face, it is necessary to moisturizing of spraying water in time, water spray is thin and uniform,
Spray and on the ground each position and surrounding space, with backsight weather condition, the soil texture, Inspection and analysis, with caution watering, while careful
Excessive water droplet enters root area during anti-spraying, prevents from setting pond ponding, the watering cave left during plantation, pour for the first time it is permeable after
Fill and lead up or slightly above surrounding ground, to prevent raining or ponding during watering；In the easy water accumulation part of hypsography low-lying, begin to rehearse ditch, ensures
Rainy day can timely draining；Suitable level of ground water height is kept, below 1.5m is typically required, in level of ground water higher position, makees net
Ditch water discharge, when flood season level goes up, deep-well is dug in root system periphery, underground water is drained into outside the venue with water pump, prevents and floods root；Protect
Sprouting；The microclimate environment of moistening is provided for tree body, it is big to set plant initial stage or high temperature drying season, build cool canopy shade, it is desirable to
Complete crown is shaded, and above cool canopy and surrounding keeps 45-55cm distances, degree of shading 65-75%, with backsight arboreal growth feelings with tree crown
Condition and seasonal variations, progressively remove shade thing, increase light application time, promote lignifying process；New planting big trees, soil is kept to fit
When moistening, plant, first time pours permeable, and after the completion of transplanting big tree, slow water irrigates a water, day dry season slowly again in 24h
Section poured 1 water, rainy season every 7-8 days it is noted that draining；The big tree plant root system at initial stage of Liriodendron chinense proceeds by soil after sprouting
Earth is applied fertilizer, it is desirable to which thin fertilizer is diligent to be applied, and using foliage top dressing, the solution of concentration 0.1%, two weeks once, is carried out, with urine with reference to watering
The fertilizer such as element or ammonium sulfate or potassium dihydrogen phosphate is used alternatingly, and choosing is early, evening or cloudy day carry out foliage spray, meets rainfall and resprays one
It is secondary；Enter after autumn, to control nitrogenous fertilizer, 1 phosphorus or potash fertilizer are increased, using composite fertilizer N：P：K=5：20：15,0.1% liquid fertilizer is made into,
Pour every month and apply 1 time with reference to watering, irrigate be defined every time, to improve the degree of lignification of tree body, improve itself cold tolerance；Summer
In first winter after Ji Gaowen plants, before entering cold tide and arriving, carry out tree body heat insulation work, tree trunk can with geotechnological felt,
It is antifreeze that film is wound packaging；Also earthing, covered ground can be used, air partition is set up, builds the methods of vinyl house and protected
Shield；Checked one time every 3-5 days, the scope of examination is mainly branch, leaf, bar grows and pest and disease damage situation, tree body, root soil dry and wet
Situation, and timely processing are improved in situation and coring developmental state, support and freeze injury protection；
9）Preventing disease and pest：Adhere to relying mainly on prevention, prevent and treat the principle of combination.
Liriodendron chinense sunscald：Accomplish matching species with the site, or with other deciduous species miscegenations, reinforcement is fostered, draining, avoids sending out
Disease；The harm of August part Liriodendron chinense leaf spot is serious, at the initial stage of a disease, takes off 1500- with 450-550 times of liquid of thiophanate methyl or enemy's power
2000 times of liquid preventing and treatings；
Liriodendron chinense leaf roller：Larva endangers leaf, manually wipes out killed spike top, or 80% DDVP 1400- is spurted after Sheng is incubated
900-1100 times of liquid of 1600 times of liquid or 25% phosmet or every milliliter of 0.45-0.55 times of spore bacillus thruingensis liquid；
Liriodendron chinense Clania variegata Snellen：Larval feeding leaf, caused harm with the 7-9 months heavier, manual removal's worm bag, or with 90% metrifonate 800-
1000-1500 times of liquid of 1000 times of liquid or 80% ddvp emulsion sprays larva；
Liriodendron chinense Philosamia cynthia：June and 9-10 month larvas are caused harm blade, manually pluck cocoon and black light lamp lures moth, with 80% DDVP or 10%
1000-1500 times of liquid of imidacloprid missible oil or 40% speed slaughter missible oil and add 900-1100 times of liquid of AVM or 50% Folithion missible oil
900-1100 times, 20% killing bacterium ester, decis spray；
Liriodendron chinense swallowtail butterfly：Larva endangers leaf, worker's Kill the larva or is sprayed with 1800-2200 times of liquid of metrifonate.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are further illustrated below in conjunction with test data, using conventional method and side of the present invention
Method carries out the summer high temperature complete crown transplanting big tree of Liriodendron chinense, and its survival rate, convalescence, health degree have marked difference, as a result seen
Table 1.
。
Claims (7)
- A kind of 1. method of the summer high temperature complete crown transplanting big tree of Liriodendron chinense, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：1）It is completely cured and sprouts root：2 years in advance big to Liriodendron chinense tree is completely cured, and soil ball of being completely cured scope is circular, the 1st year soil ball model of being completely cured To enclose to increase 0.1-0.4m on the basis of 6-8 times of the Liriodendron chinense diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, soil ball scope of being completely cured for the 2nd year is 6-8 times of the Liriodendron chinense diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, Depth of being completely cured 30-40cm, before the time of being completely cured every time sprouts for winter end to early spring young sprout；2）Digging entrucking：1 week before digging, the plot of soil ball scope fills permeable 1-2 times, to 3-4 concentration 400-600 of foliage spray Times solution suppresses rising agent, morning on the same day of digging sprays 1 time, spray 1 time after digging entrucking, arrival planting site when spray 1 concentration again 400-600 times of solution suppresses rising agent；3）Transport is unloaded：In transit, big tree surrounding is put ice cube and cooled, and is being covered with sunshade net above big tree, Obscurity is 70-80%；4）Trim anti-corrosion：Tree root system, branches and leaves trimming are carried out before plantation, more than 10cm big wound keeps smooth, with wound Mouth protective agent adds a small amount of clear water to stir paste, and wound is smeared with brush, molten to big tree 1 400-600 times of concentration of foliage spray after trimming Liquid suppresses rising agent, to after field planting to big 700-900 times of solution root-growing agent of usage tree root spray concentration；5）Soil improvement：Soil improvement is carried out to the plot of field planting, before field planting, passes through soil scarifying, then upper berth organic fertilizer 8-12kg/ ㎡, calcium superphosphate 1-3kg/ ㎡, are then ploughed deeply, depth of turning soil is in 30 more than cm with rotary cultivator so that soil, Organic fertilizer, calcium superphosphate are sufficiently mixed；6）Dig cave plant；7）Plant：First to planting hole bottom backfill Nutrition Soil and having peace of mind, adjust towards sunny side or view and admire face, the big tree of Liriodendron chinense is put Put on the mound in planting hole center, after slightly fixed, inserted with stereoplasm tube in subsoil pour it is permeable, then with nutrition earthen backfill 30cm-40cm, then the big tree perpendicularity of adjustment, back-filling in layers Nutrition Soil, progress planting hole microbending soil improvement, layering are stepped on again In fact, by the fermentation bark that the ground mulching 5cm-10cm in the range of planting hole is thick after the completion of, Surface Humid is kept；Described nutritive soil preparation：It will improve the soil and matrix, organic fertilizer, calcium magnesium phosphate and banket to be sufficiently stirred Nutrition Soil is made；It is described Matrix of improving the soil be that volume ratio is 4-6：2-4：1-3 peat：Vermiculite：Perlite is sufficiently stirred with machine and is made, and is banketed to plant The table soil on plant hole periphery；Above-mentioned matrix of improving the soil, organic fertilizer, the dosage standard of calcium magnesium phosphate are as follows, and dosage of banketing standard is defined by filling up planting hole；The big tree diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 40cm of Liriodendron chinense and more than：Matrix of improving the soil 25-35kg/ strains, organic fertilizer 45-55kg/ strains, calcium magnesium phosphate 15- 25kg/ strains, fermentation bark 15-25kg/ strains；The big tree diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 30cm-40cm of Liriodendron chinense：Matrix of improving the soil 20-30kg/ strains, organic fertilizer 35-45kg/ strains, calcium magnesium phosphate 10- 15kg/ strains, fermentation bark 10-20kg/ strains；The big tree diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 20-30cm of Liriodendron chinense：Matrix of improving the soil 15-25kg/ strains, organic fertilizer 25-35kg/ strains, calcium magnesium phosphate 5-15kg/ Strain, fermentation bark 5-15kg/ strains；The big tree diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 10-20cm of Liriodendron chinense：Matrix of improving the soil 10-20kg/ strains, organic fertilizer 15-25kg/ strains, calcium magnesium phosphate 2-8kg/ Strain, fermentation bark 2-8kg/ strains；8）Support, maintenance；9）Preventing disease and pest：Adhere to relying mainly on prevention, prevent and treat the principle of combination.
- A kind of 2. method of summer high temperature complete crown transplanting big tree of Liriodendron chinense as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step 4） In：Splitting root, disease pest root, long are wiped out, and branch trimmed, guarantor treats ground, underground balancing；Suitably dredge dilute periphery With internal unnecessary weak branch, stay strong germinating branch and growth branch, Mowing frequency to be less than full branch amount, the 1/4 of leaf amount, do not hinder more Evil young shoot, do not destroy it is crown.
- A kind of 3. method of summer high temperature complete crown transplanting big tree of Liriodendron chinense as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step 5） In：Plant soil is set to reach loosing soil after improvement, draining is good, and noncapillary poropsity is not less than 10%, and P in soil H values are 7.0- 8.0, salt content is not higher than 0.12%, soil nutrient elements balance.
- A kind of 4. method of summer high temperature complete crown transplanting big tree of Liriodendron chinense as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step 6） In：Planting hole increases 60cm-80cm, planting hole depth ratio soil ball thickness increase 20cm-30cm than soil ball diameter；Dug using machinery After cave scrapes out crude green body, then planting hole is subjected to manual amendment, makes the upper edge and base vertical of planting hole.
- A kind of 5. method of summer high temperature complete crown transplanting big tree of Liriodendron chinense as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step 7） In：To the kind plant hole of impeded drainage, l0-15cm gravels or laying soakaway trench, french drain are spread at cave bottom.
- A kind of 6. method of summer high temperature complete crown transplanting big tree of Liriodendron chinense as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step 8） In：After the completion of plantation, temporary support is removed, is changed to four pin permanent supports, tree body aerial part, moisturizing of spraying water in time, and meanwhile it is careful Excessive water droplet enters root area during anti-spraying, prevents from setting pond ponding；The microclimate environment of moistening, big tree plant are provided for tree body Initial stage or high temperature drying season, build the shade of cool canopy complete crown, cool canopy top and surrounding and keep 45-55cm distances, shade with tree crown Spend for 65-75%；New planting big trees, keep soil suitably to moisten, pour for the first time during plant it is permeable, after the completion of transplanting big tree, Delay water again in 24h and irrigate a water slowly, day dry season poured 1 water every 7-8 days, and rainy season is it is noted that draining；Liriodendron chinense Big tree plant root system at initial stage proceeds by soil application after sprouting, it is desirable to which thin fertilizer is diligent to be applied；First winter after summer high temperature plant In season, before entering cold tide and arriving, carry out tree body heat insulation work；Every 3-5 days check one time, the scope of examination be mainly branch, leaf, Bar grows and pest and disease damage situation, tree body, root soil dry and wet situation and coring developmental state, and feelings are improved in support and freeze injury protection Condition, and timely processing.
- A kind of 7. method of summer high temperature complete crown transplanting big tree of Liriodendron chinense as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step 9） In：Liriodendron chinense sunscald：Accomplish matching species with the site, or with other deciduous species miscegenations, reinforcement is fostered, draining, avoids falling ill；August The leaf spot harm of part Liriodendron chinense is serious, at the initial stage of a disease, de- 1500-2000 times with 450-550 times of liquid of thiophanate methyl or enemy's power Liquid is prevented and treated；Liriodendron chinense leaf roller：Larva endangers leaf, manually wipes out killed spike top, or 80% DDVP 1400- is spurted after Sheng is incubated 900-1100 times of liquid of 1600 times of liquid or 25% phosmet or every milliliter of 0.45-0.55 times of spore bacillus thruingensis liquid；Liriodendron chinense Clania variegata Snellen：Larval feeding leaf, caused harm with the 7-9 months heavier, manual removal's worm bag, or with 90% metrifonate 800- 1000-1500 times of liquid of 1000 times of liquid or 80% ddvp emulsion sprays larva；Liriodendron chinense Philosamia cynthia：June and 9-10 month larvas are caused harm blade, manually pluck cocoon and black light lamp lures moth, with 80% DDVP or 10% 1000-1500 times of liquid of imidacloprid missible oil or 40% speed slaughter missible oil and add 900-1100 times of liquid of AVM or 50% Folithion missible oil 900-1100 times, 20% killing bacterium ester, decis spray；Liriodendron chinense swallowtail butterfly：Larva endangers leaf, worker's Kill the larva or is sprayed with 1800-2200 times of liquid of metrifonate.
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