CN109699381A - A kind of method of salt-soda soil plantation Cortex Eucommiae - Google Patents
A kind of method of salt-soda soil plantation Cortex Eucommiae Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 19
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Abstract
The present invention relates to field of planting, the method for specifically a kind of salt-soda soil plantation Cortex Eucommiae.The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that in the way of local soil improvement and surface covering and spot application, accumulate Cortex Eucommiae root oxygen content, nutriment effectively, promote Cortex Eucommiae root development, improve its survival rate and lumber recovery, create the environment for being conducive to Growth of Eucommia ulmoides, enhance growth potential, to improve Cortex Eucommiae to the adaptability of saline-alkali environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of planting, the method for specifically a kind of salt-soda soil plantation Cortex Eucommiae.
Background technique
Cortex Eucommiae is called " plant gold ", is the peculiar medicinal material in China, and Cortex Eucommiae is all treasured from head to foot, all can be used for medicinal purpose or protect
It is strong to use, such as Bark of Eucommia Ulmoides, with nourishing liver and kidney, strengthening tendons miscarriage prevention, blood pressure lowering, anti-aging and other effects, folium cortex eucommiae can reduce in human body
Neutral fat ratio can not only have the slim effect of weight reducing, but also can also keep fit and healthy, build up resistance.With Cortex Eucommiae demand
Increase, medicinal, health care range is also more and more extensive, to the planting technology of Cortex Eucommiae, higher requirements are also raised.
Currently, the plantation of Cortex Eucommiae is more universal, be widely distributed in Shaanxi, Gansu, Henan, Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou,
The provinces and regions such as Hunan, Anhui, Shan Jiangxi, Guangxi and Zhejiang, the general slant acidity of planting soil or neutrality.It is fresh on northern salt-soda soil
There is a plant, alkaline land soil is in alkalescent (pH=7.5-8.0), and salinity is more in soil, osmotic pressure is higher, Cortex Eucommiae root system salt resistance
Alkali resistant ability is poor, when touching alkaline land soil, easily causes permeable pressure head excessive, and root system dehydration is languescent, and it is general such
Nutrient composition content in soil is lower, is unevenly distributed and is easy to run off, and eventually leads to Cortex Eucommiae and takes root that difficult, survival rate is low, yield
The problems such as low, poor quality, there is certain limitation on planting range, limit the development of Cortex Eucommiae industry to a certain extent.
Summary of the invention
It is of the present invention the present invention provides a kind of method of salt-soda soil plantation Cortex Eucommiae for the above technical problem
Technical solution is to make Cortex Eucommiae root oxygen content, nutrients in the way of local soil improvement and surface covering and spot application
Matter is effectively accumulated, and Cortex Eucommiae root development is promoted, and improves its survival rate and lumber recovery, creates the environment for being conducive to Growth of Eucommia ulmoides,
Enhance growth potential, to improve Cortex Eucommiae to the adaptability of saline-alkali environment.
The present invention provides a kind of methods of salt-soda soil plantation Cortex Eucommiae, and its step are as follows:
1) it selects seedling: selecting plant height more for 2.0-2.5m or so, meter Jing 3.0-5.0cm, well developed root system, fibrous root and lateral root
The 3-4 seedling that no disease and pests harm infects；
2) transplantation of seedlings: Cortex Eucommiae tether panel soil ball lifting is played, soil ball diameter is 8-10 times of meter Jing, and soil ball height is not less than straight
The 2/3 of diameter, into the kind plant hole dug, then 3-5cm below backfill kind plant hole matrix to earth's surface backfills normal soil for transplanting,
It waters to ground moistening；The kind plant hole matrix is according to coarse sand or haydite or its arbitrary proportion mixture: organic fertilizer: soil
The mixture that the volume ratio of=2:1:2 is prepared；
Preferably, lifting and transplanting time interval are no more than 36h；
Preferably, transplanting seeding row spacing is 3m*2m, and tree well is 60cm wide, deep 80-90cm；
Under normal circumstances, lifting back root part soil ball is wrapped up with non-woven fabrics；Conventional repair is carried out after lifting to limb
It cuts, transplanting time optimum season is after fall foliage, Shandong District is generally November.
3) it covers: being covered on kind of plant hole surface with straw screen or mat, thickness about 2-4cm；
4) it applies fertilizer:
(1) fertilising cave item is dug
It is uniformly distributed using Cortex Eucommiae base portion as the center of circle is radial, is fertilising with the outside 20-30cm of current tree crown orthographic projection circle
Cave starting point, wide 30-40cm, deep 50-80cm, length 50-60cm；Preferred fertilising cave quantity is 3-5；
(2) backfill fertilising cave item
Filler matrix is backfilling into fertilising cave item, compacting is backfilled to earth's surface or less 3-5cm；Then the cave item that applies fertilizer will be dug
Earthen backfill to the above 3-5cm of earth's surface；
The filler matrix specifically: according to volume parts, haydite or coarse sand or its arbitrary proportion mixture 45-70
Part, 20-40 parts of organic fertilizer, 2-10 parts of gardens pruning waste carry out uniformly mixed, obtain filler matrix.
The partial size of haydite and coarse sand in the present invention needs to expand numerous liquid processing by EM bacterium before 1-2cm, use: being specially
EM bacterium is expanded into numerous liquid and is uniformly sprayed at haydite or coarse sand surface, stands 12-24h；Preferred every cube of haydite or coarse sand use EM
Bacterium expands numerous liquid 10-15 liter.(it is that EM bacteria agent is diluted with water 100 times that EM bacterium, which expands numerous liquid, the peaceful happy environment friendly biological skill of EM bacteria agent buying self-love
Art (Nanjing) Co., Ltd).
Organic fertilizer is to be commercial product, be purchased from the limited public affairs of Xuzhou green source agricultural science and technology by decomposed common organic fertilizer
Department, the content of organic matter >=45%.
Gardens pruning waste is to trim after trimming the branch to get off, fallen leaves etc., such as Cortex Eucommiae lifting in gardens
Branch etc..Gardens pruning waste need to be crushed to 2-5cm long according to standard, and (if there is thicker branch, after crushing, its diameter is not
Can exceed that 3cm), EM bacterium is then expanded into numerous liquid and is uniformly sprayed at surface of material, heap is then built, is covered using plastic film, room temperature
It is sealed by fermentation 20-30 days；Preferred every cube of gardens pruning waste expands numerous liquid 10-15 liter using EM bacterium.
The invention has the benefit that
1. the backfill of part normal soil progress root soil, coarse sand or haydite are replaced in the present invention using kind of plant hole matrix
On the one hand the air dissolved oxygen content for being capable of increasing the gas permeability of soil, improving root promotes the extension and growth of root capillary root；Benefit
In soil aerobic microbiological breed, on the other hand by EM bacterium processing coarse sand or haydite can bring into part beneficial microbe into
Enter in soil；Organic fertilizer can reduce the saline and alkaline degree and salination level of root system surrounding soil, to reduce the infiltration around root system
Pressure thoroughly, while organic fertilizer provides the raw material of edaphon breeding；The beneficial microbe that coarse sand and haydite and organic fertilizer are brought into
There can be the pathogenic microorganism in antagonism soil, reduce the risk of catching an illness of Cortex Eucommiae, in addition the organic acid of beneficial microbe breeding secretion
Class is capable of providing the microenvironment of suitable root growth, so that the organic mass-energy provided is provided needed for slow seedling root system early period and growth
Environment and nutriment.
2. the application for cave mode of applying fertilizer, provides long term growth environment and nutrient, coarse sand for the growth after Cortex Eucommiae slow seedling
Or the effect of haydite, organic fertilizer is with gardens pruning waste described in upper section, is in addition increased, on the one hand its bigger partial size
It is capable of increasing the gas permeability of soil, on the other hand it can slowly become the fertilizer of Growth of Eucommia ulmoides, be it after the processing of EM bacterium
Long-term source of nutrition is provided；Furthermore the mode of spot application can adapt to overcome the defect that nutrition is easy to run off in salt-soda soil,
The utilization efficiency of raising Fertilizer nutrient reduces fertilizer waste, reduces fertilising cost, and it is mesotrophic long-acting slow to also achieve fertilizer
Release；
3. soil ball specification is larger to be conducive to root system germination and growth, it is conducive to Cortex Eucommiae and reduces seedling-slowing stage.It is covered after watering with straw screen or mat, one
Aspect is returned on can inhibiting saline and alkaline caused by soil moisture transpiration, while can keep the soil moisture content of root system surrounding soil, is conducive to increase
Johnson & Johnson's growing way.
To sum up, the present invention provides the present invention provides a kind of method of salt-soda soil plantation Cortex Eucommiae, used technical sides
Case is to create the environment for being conducive to Growth of Eucommia ulmoides in the way of local soil improvement, surface covering and fixed point cave row application, improve
The planting survival rate of Cortex Eucommiae on salt-soda soil enhances growth potential, to expand the plant range of Cortex Eucommiae.
Specific embodiment
The specific embodiment of form by the following examples does further specifically above content of the invention
It is bright, but the range that this should not be interpreted as to the above-mentioned theme of the present invention is only limitted to example below.It is all to be based on above content of the present invention
The technology realized all belongs to the scope of the present invention, and it is complete to be all made of conventional prior unless otherwise specified, in following embodiments
At.Inventor has carried out the planting experiment of Cortex Eucommiae according to the method for the present invention concentration in November, 2017, obtains highly significant
Effect.The following are 3 preferable embodiments that inventor provides.
Embodiment 1
1) it selects seedling: selecting plant height more for 2.0-2.5m or so, meter Jing 3.0-5.0cm, well developed root system, fibrous root and lateral root
The 3-4 seedling that no disease and pests harm infects；
2) transplantation of seedlings: Cortex Eucommiae tether panel soil ball lifting is played, soil ball diameter is 8-10 times of meter Jing, and soil ball height is not less than straight
The 2/3 of diameter, lifting back root part soil ball are wrapped up with non-woven fabrics；And conventional trimming, transplanting to the kind dug are carried out to limb
In plant hole, then 3-5cm below backfill kind plant hole matrix to earth's surface backfills normal soil, watering to ground moistening；The kind
Plant hole matrix is according to haydite: organic fertilizer: the mixture that soil=2:1:2 volume ratio is prepared；
Growing area plantation is transported to after lifting, lifting and transplanting time interval control for 24 hours；
Transplanting seeding row spacing is 3m*2m, and tree well is 60cm wide, deep 80-90cm；
3) it covers: being covered on kind of plant hole surface with straw screen or mat, thickness about 2cm；
4) it applies fertilizer:
(1) fertilising cave item is dug
It is uniformly distributed using Cortex Eucommiae base portion as the center of circle is radial, is fertilising with the outside 20-30cm of current tree crown orthographic projection circle
Cave starting point, wide 35cm, deep 50cm, length 50cm；Preferred fertilising cave quantity is 3；
(2) backfill fertilising cave item
Filler matrix is backfilling into fertilising cave item, compacting is backfilled to earth's surface or less 3-5cm；Then the cave item that applies fertilizer will be dug
Earthen backfill to the above 3-5cm of earth's surface；
The filler matrix specifically: according to volume parts, 60 parts of haydite, 30 parts of organic fertilizer, gardens pruning waste
10 parts carry out uniformly mixed, obtain filler matrix.
Embodiment 2
1) it selects seedling: selecting plant height more for 2.0-2.5m or so, meter Jing 3.0-5.0cm, well developed root system, fibrous root and lateral root
The 3-4 seedling that no disease and pests harm infects；
2) transplantation of seedlings: Cortex Eucommiae tether panel soil ball lifting is played, soil ball diameter is 8-10 times of meter Jing, and soil ball height is not less than straight
The 2/3 of diameter, lifting back root part soil ball are wrapped up with non-woven fabrics；And conventional trimming, transplanting to the kind dug are carried out to limb
In plant hole, then 3-5cm below backfill kind plant hole matrix to earth's surface backfills normal soil, watering to ground moistening；The kind
Plant hole matrix is according to coarse sand: haydite: organic fertilizer: the mixture that soil=1:1:1:2 volume ratio is prepared；
Growing area plantation is transported to after lifting, lifting and transplanting time interval control for 24 hours；
Transplanting seeding row spacing is 3m*2m, and tree well is 60cm wide, deep 80-90cm；
3) it covers: being covered on kind of plant hole surface with straw screen or mat, thickness about 2cm；
4) it applies fertilizer:
(1) fertilising cave item is dug
It is uniformly distributed using Cortex Eucommiae base portion as the center of circle is radial, is fertilising with the outside 20-30cm of current tree crown orthographic projection circle
Cave starting point, wide 35cm, deep 50cm, length 50cm；Preferred fertilising cave quantity is 4；
(2) backfill fertilising cave item
Filler matrix is backfilling into fertilising cave item, compacting is backfilled to earth's surface or less 3-5cm；Then the cave item that applies fertilizer will be dug
Earthen backfill to the above 3-5cm of earth's surface；
The filler matrix specifically: according to volume parts, 35 parts of haydite, 35 parts of coarse sand, 20 parts of organic fertilizer, gardens are repaired
It cuts 10 parts of waste and carries out uniformly mixed, obtain filler matrix.
Embodiment 3
1) it selects seedling: selecting plant height more for 2.0-2.5m or so, meter Jing 3.0-5.0cm, well developed root system, fibrous root and lateral root
The 3-4 seedling that no disease and pests harm infects；
2) transplantation of seedlings: Cortex Eucommiae tether panel soil ball lifting is played, soil ball diameter is 8-10 times of meter Jing, and soil ball height is not less than straight
The 2/3 of diameter, lifting back root part soil ball are wrapped up with non-woven fabrics；And conventional trimming, transplanting to the kind dug are carried out to limb
In plant hole, then 3-5cm below backfill kind plant hole matrix to earth's surface backfills normal soil, watering to ground moistening；The kind
Plant hole matrix is according to coarse sand: organic fertilizer: the mixture that soil=2:1:2 volume ratio is prepared；
Growing area plantation is transported to after lifting, lifting and transplanting time interval control for 24 hours；
Transplanting seeding row spacing is 3m*2m, and tree well is 60cm wide, deep 80-90cm；
3) it covers: being covered on kind of plant hole surface with straw screen or mat, thickness about 2cm；
4) it applies fertilizer:
(1) fertilising cave item is dug
It is uniformly distributed using Cortex Eucommiae base portion as the center of circle is radial, is fertilising with the outside 20-30cm of current tree crown orthographic projection circle
Cave starting point, wide 35cm, deep 50cm, length 60cm；Preferred fertilising cave quantity is 3；
(2) backfill fertilising cave item
Filler matrix is backfilling into fertilising cave item, compacting is backfilled to earth's surface or less 3-5cm；Then the cave item that applies fertilizer will be dug
Earthen backfill to the above 3-5cm of earth's surface；
The filler matrix specifically: according to volume parts, 65 parts of coarse sand, 30 parts of organic fertilizer, gardens pruning waste 5
Part carries out uniformly mixed, obtains filler matrix.
Relative to above-described embodiment, in addition inventor is also arranged control group, selects the plot of identical environment, common transplanting side
Formula, kind plant hole backfill are common alkaline land soil, are not covered to kind of plant hole surface after transplanting, fertilization mode is changed to commonly apply
Machine fertilizer mode.In addition, under normal circumstances, soil ball diameter is 4-6 times of meter Jing when Cortex Eucommiae lifting, but is same batch because of the experiment
Select seedling, therefore embodiment is identical with the soil ball specification of the Cortex Eucommiae nursery stock of control group, is 8-10 times that soil ball diameter is meter Jing.
In addition, the Cortex Eucommiae nursery stock specification of control group and 3 embodiments, lifting time, transplanting time, watering time etc. are all the same, fertilising
Amount carries out usual manner fertilising according to amount of organic fertilizer used in embodiment 1.
The partial size of haydite and coarse sand in all embodiments of the invention in 1-2cm, using it is preceding have passed through EM bacterium expand it is numerous
Liquid processing: it is specially that EM bacterium is expanded numerous liquid to be uniformly sprayed at haydite or coarse sand surface, stands 12-24h；Every cube of haydite or coarse sand
Expand numerous liquid 10-15 liter using EM bacterium.(it is that EM bacteria agent is diluted with water 100 times that EM bacterium, which expands numerous liquid, the peaceful happy environmental protection of EM bacteria agent buying self-love
Biotechnology (Nanjing) Co., Ltd).
Gardens pruning waste is crushed to 2-5cm long according to standard in all embodiments of the invention, then expands EM bacterium numerous
Liquid is uniformly sprayed at surface of material, then builds heap, is covered using plastic film, and room temperature is sealed by fermentation 15 days or so；Every cube of garden
Woods trims waste and expands numerous liquid 10-15 liter using EM bacterium.
Organic fertilizer used in all embodiments of the invention and control group is by decomposed common organic fertilizer, is commercially available production
Product are purchased from Xuzhou green source agricultural science and technology Co., Ltd, the content of organic matter >=45%.
As a result it and analyzes:
Each embodiment and control group transplant 250, and in April, 2018 counts survival rate, part of in August, 2018
Soluble protein content in blade is measured, October is acquired rice diameter and shoot length data.Obtain data such as 1 He of table
Shown in table 2:
Table 1: Cortex Eucommiae planting survival rate statistical form
| Processing | Plant total () | Survive number () | Survival rate (%) |
| Control group | 250 | 57 | 22.8 |
| Embodiment 1 | 250 | 189 | 75.6 |
| Embodiment 2 | 250 | 190 | 76.0% |
| Embodiment 3 | 250 | 180 | 72.0% |
Table 2: Cortex Eucommiae plant resistance and increment statistical form
By the above data of Tables 1 and 2 it is found that technical solution of the present invention at least can be improved the plantation of salt-soda soil Cortex Eucommiae at
70% or more motility rate, soluble protein content is different in the Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. leaves of different disposal group.Soluble protein is to represent plant to resist
The index of property.Its content is higher, and plant resistance is stronger.Embodiment improves 11%- compared with soluble protein content in control group blade
17%, plant rice diameter increases 18%-26%, and current year shoot length increases 21%-36%.This explanation, embodiment is compared with control group phase
Than Cortex Eucommiae plant resistance is remarkably reinforced, and increment is significantly promoted, and Cortex Eucommiae products material yield is also greatly improved.
It in summary it can be seen that method of the invention can significantly improve the planting survival rate of Cortex Eucommiae on salt-soda soil, increase
Johnson & Johnson's growing way enables Cortex Eucommiae large area on salt-soda soil to plant, reduces territory restriction of Cortex Eucommiae etc..
Claims (9)
1. a kind of method of salt-soda soil plantation Cortex Eucommiae, including 1) select seedling, which is characterized in that further include following steps:
2) play transplantation of seedlings: Cortex Eucommiae tether panel soil ball lifting, transplanting into the kind plant hole dug, backfill plant plant hole matrix to earth's surface with
Then lower 3-5cm backfills normal soil, watering to ground moistening；The kind plant hole matrix be according to coarse sand or haydite or its
Arbitrary proportion mixture: organic fertilizer: the mixture that soil=2:1:2 volume ratio is prepared；
3) it covers: being covered on kind of plant hole surface with straw screen or mat, thickness 2-4cm；
4) it applies fertilizer:
(1) fertilising cave item is dug
It is uniformly distributed using Cortex Eucommiae base portion as the center of circle is radial, is fertilising cave item with the outside 20-30cm of current tree crown orthographic projection circle
Starting point, wide 30-40cm, deep 50-80cm, length 50-60cm；Preferred fertilising cave quantity is 3-5；
(2) backfill fertilising cave item
Filler matrix is backfilling into fertilising cave item, compacting is backfilled to earth's surface or less 3-5cm；Then the soil of fertilising cave item will be dug
It is backfilled to the above 3-5cm of earth's surface；The filler matrix specifically: according to volume parts, haydite or coarse sand or its arbitrary proportion
45-70 parts of mixture, 20-40 parts of organic fertilizer, 2-10 parts of gardens pruning waste carry out uniformly mixed, obtain filler matrix.
2. the method for plantation Cortex Eucommiae in salt-soda soil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step 2) rises in transplantation of seedlings, moves
8-10 times that soil ball diameter is meter Jing is planted, soil ball height is not less than the 2/3 of diameter.
3. the method for plantation Cortex Eucommiae in salt-soda soil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step 2) rises in transplantation of seedlings, rises
Seedling and transplanting time interval are no more than 36h.
4. the method for plantation Cortex Eucommiae in salt-soda soil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step 2) rises in transplantation of seedlings, moves
Cultivation seeding row spacing is 3m*2m, and kind plant hole is 60cm wide, deep 80-90cm.
5. the method for plantation Cortex Eucommiae in salt-soda soil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the grain of the haydite and coarse sand
Diameter needs to expand numerous liquid processing by EM bacterium before 1-2cm, use, and EM bacterium is specially expanded numerous liquid and is uniformly sprayed at haydite or coarse sand
Surface stands 12-24h；It is that EM bacteria agent is diluted with water 100 times that EM bacterium, which expands numerous liquid,.
6. the method for plantation Cortex Eucommiae in salt-soda soil according to claim 5, which is characterized in that every cube of haydite or coarse sand use
EM bacterium expands numerous liquid 10-15 liter.
7. the method for salt-soda soil according to claim 1 plantation Cortex Eucommiae, which is characterized in that gardens pruning waste need to be according to
Standard is crushed to 2-5cm long, and EM bacterium is then expanded numerous liquid and is uniformly sprayed at surface of material, heap is then built, is covered using plastic film
Lid, room temperature are sealed by fermentation 20-30 days；It is that EM bacteria agent is diluted with water 100 times that EM bacterium, which expands numerous liquid,.
8. the method for plantation Cortex Eucommiae in salt-soda soil according to claim 7, which is characterized in that every cube of gardens pruning waste
Expand numerous liquid 10-15 liter using EM bacterium.
9. the method for plantation Cortex Eucommiae in salt-soda soil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 1) selects seedling: choosing
The 3-4 that plant height infects for 2.0-2.5m or so, meter Jing 3.0-5.0cm, well developed root system, fibrous root and lateral root no disease and pests harm is selected to grow directly from seeds
Seedling.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910147955.2A CN109699381B (en) | 2019-02-27 | 2019-02-27 | Method for planting eucommia ulmoides in saline-alkali soil |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910147955.2A CN109699381B (en) | 2019-02-27 | 2019-02-27 | Method for planting eucommia ulmoides in saline-alkali soil |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109699381A true CN109699381A (en) | 2019-05-03 |
| CN109699381B CN109699381B (en) | 2021-05-14 |
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