CN101548639B - Flower cultivation medium and preparing method thereof - Google Patents
Flower cultivation medium and preparing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101548639B CN101548639B CN2009100766753A CN200910076675A CN101548639B CN 101548639 B CN101548639 B CN 101548639B CN 2009100766753 A CN2009100766753 A CN 2009100766753A CN 200910076675 A CN200910076675 A CN 200910076675A CN 101548639 B CN101548639 B CN 101548639B
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a flower cultivation medium and a preparing method thereof. The flower cultivation medium of the invention comprises a main ingredient and additive, wherein the main ingredient comprises peat and perlite. The additive comprises a media moisture conditioner, a pH regulator and a nutrition activator. The grain diameter range of peat and perlite is 1-3mm. The flower cultivation medium media prepared according to the invention has the advantages of balanced nutrition, high content of nutrient component, stable physical property, reduced surface tension of media by the media moisture conditioner, increased wetting capacity and equality on the surface of media, changed external appearance stability of peat, prevented quick dissipation of water, increased water infiltration speed in actual use, remarkably improved water absorptivity of peat media and delayed weathering process of peat. The flower cultivation medium prepared according to the method of the invention has a reasonable nutrition structure, facilitates the absorbing of plant and satisfies the growth requirement of plant. When the cultivation medium according to the invention is used for cultivating flower, the rooting rate of flower is increased, the germination of seed is promoted and the survival rate of cutting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to nutrient matrix of a kind of flower cultivation and preparation method thereof, particularly nutrient matrix of a kind of soilless culture of flowers and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
At present, the main raw material(s) of required cultivation matrix is a peat growing medium in farming, woods, the flower industry production, and peat growing medium can be widely used in floriculture, raising rice seedlings, indoor ornamental plant cultivation, grow seedlings of vegetable, raising seedling of cotton, lawn cultivation (golf course construction), soil melioration and fertilizer manufacturing etc.
Peat claims the peat composed of rotten mosses, peat soil, black earth, mud coal again, it is the plant remains of ancient times low temperature, wetland, be buried under the ground, accumulation through tens million of years, lower at temperature, rainwater is less or lack under the conditions of air, plant residue slowly decomposes and the special organic matter of formation, is pale brown look or light brown more.Peat is because of containing great number of organic matters, and loose, the air-and water-permeable performance is good, and the preserve moisture and fertility ability is strong, and quality is light, disease-free spore and worm's ovum.At present, in floriculture, especially grow seedlings and pot flowers in many with peat as main potting media, be that a kind of quite good pot flowers is with native.
The main plant that forms peat soil is bog moss, ice moss, sedge and other water plants.Buried condition, floristics and degree of decomposition according to peat forms can be divided into low level, a high position and medium peat three major types.High moor peat is that temperate zone high latitude plant is embedded under the stratum through long-term and piles up charing and form.Based on cotton grass genus, fountain moss platymiscium, contain great number of organic matters, degree of decomposition is lower, and nitrogen and ash element content are few, and acidity is stronger, and the pH value is between 4 to 5.Unit weight is less, and absorbent ventilate is good, but general sticking moisture is more than 10 times of its dry weight, is fit to do soilless culture substrate, but the pH value must transfer to about 5.5 to 6.0, also can be used for preparing compost.
Lowland peat is distributed in the marshland of low-lying ponding, the sedge more based on the inorganic salinity of growth needs belongs to, the reed platymiscium, and each plant species the broken branches and fallen leaves of getting off of alluviation, accumulation through the very long time forms, degree of decomposition is higher, and nitrogen and ash element content are more, a little less than the acidity, nutriment in a fertilizer validity is higher, can directly make fertilizer after the air-dry pulverizing and use.Because of its unit weight is big, suction and air capacity of soils are relatively poor, should not make cultivation matrix separately.There is a large amount of distributions in China southwest, Central China, North China and northeast.
Medium peat is marginal transitional peat, and proterties both can be used for soilless culture also between between the two, also can be used for preparing compost.
At present, the production of China's peat growing medium mainly exists following problem:
On the one hand, 46.87 hundred million tons of the total peat stock numbers of China, wherein low level meadow peat reserves are abundant, account for 98.51% of gross reserves, and middle high moor peat content rareness.China's peat physicochemical property has middle decomposition, middle organic matter, high humus, slightly acidic notable feature.It is lower to can be described as simple raw-material quality, and by the existing simple exploitation airing mode of production, technological level, scientific and technological content, product quality and economic value added are all lower, can not satisfy the actual needs that China's agricultural gardening is produced.
On the other hand, along with the continuous development of domestic seedling and plant husbandry, the cultivated area of flowers constantly enlarges, and the usage amount of cultivation matrix also constantly increases.Therefore adopt the matrix of the preparation that simply is mixed of single raw material such as vermiculite, perlite, the peat composed of rotten mosses or several raw materials to carry out traditional grow seedlings and cultivating and can not satisfy the demand of society to matrix.The general nutrition of peat growing medium that China produces is single, the growth that is difficult to seedling provides necessary nutritive element, cause that the germination rate that causes plant in the process of growing seedlings and cultivating is low, the difficulty of taking root, survival rate be low, and the physical instability of peat growing medium in the use, water imbibition is poor, subsides easily.
The lowland peat of China generally is to be formed by the weeds that grow in low moor, assorted root, form by multiple higher plant, have a large amount of lignification structures, intensive lignification peat structure has been limited to the moisture capacity and the gas permeability of peat, and its permeability and porosity obviously reduce.Root system of plant is beneficial to respiration under the environment of ventilation.If it is poor to cultivate the matrix aeration status, will directly influence the breathing of root, cause moisture and Nutrient Absorption not smooth, make acrial part (as stem, leaf, the flower) growth of plant not good, the photosynthesis ability reduces, and influences the growth of plant.
Publication number is the full nutrient matrix that the application for a patent for invention of CN1702061A discloses a kind of botanical seedling culturing and cultivation.It is that the peat of 50-70%, the perlite that weight ratio is 20-25%, vermiculite and active substance, the nutriment that weight ratio is 10-15% mix that this nutrient matrix adopts weight ratio.Peat is through high-temperature sterilization, and active substance is to be merged by multiple microorganism and plant growth regulator to be polymerized in this matrix.But the particle size of the cultivation matrix of this disclosure of the Invention differs, and after watering, the fine particle in the matrix has been absorbed in the bigger non capillary pores, and matrix shrinks and sedimentation, causes the non capillary pores of matrix to diminish, thereby has reduced the gas-water ratio of matrix; Crude fiber content in this full nutrient matrix is low in addition, and the addition of the material that need have additional nutrients has improved production cost.
Notification number is that the patent of invention of CN1117514C discloses a kind of peat composite for plant growing container and products thereof and application, it is raw material that this peat composite for plant growing container adopts China to contain abundant low level meadow peat, be equipped with acidity regulator, swelling agent and nutrition mother agent, the novel material of growing seedlings of alms bowl body of making through high-pressure molding and matrix unification.The peat raw material of this nutritive cube composition is an eutrophy peat, need be through high pressure compression moulding, and the production cost height is used lessly, has limited being extensive use of of product.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is provides a kind of flower cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof at the problems referred to above, the flower cultivation matrix nutrition equilibrium of the present invention's preparation, physical property is stable, obviously improved the water imbibition of peat growing medium, use cultivation substrate culture flowers of the present invention, improved flowers rooting rate, promote seed sprouting, improved the survival rate of plugged ear.
For realizing purpose of the present invention, one aspect of the present invention provides a kind of flower cultivation matrix, comprises major ingredient and additive, and wherein major ingredient comprises peat and perlite, additive comprises that water supply in media conditioner, pH regulator agent and nutrition start agent, and peat, perlitic particle size range are 1-3mm.
Wherein, the ratio of peat, perlitic volume is 50-80: 15-45 in the matrix major ingredient, is preferably 60-75: 20-40.
Wherein, the water supply in media conditioner comprises steroid saponin solution and polyoxyethylate amide; The pH regulator agent is selected from one or both in dolomite dust, the Paris white, is preferably dolomite dust; Nutrition starts agent and selects 2-3-6 nutrition to start agent.
Particularly, the water supply in media conditioner prepares according to following steps:
A) at first use the rhizome of alcohol extract liliaceous plant, it is dry and obtain medicinal extract to make ethanol extract,
Then medicinal extract is dissolved in water, makes the aqueous solution;
B) with steps A) the aqueous solution carry out benzinum, extracting n-butyl alcohol successively;
C) residue behind the butanol extraction liquid evaporate to dryness is dissolved in ethanol after, add acetone soln, produce the total steroid saponin precipitation;
D) total steroid saponin precipitation is dissolved in water is configured to steroid saponin solution;
E) steroid saponin solution and polyoxyethylate amide are mixed get final product.
Wherein, steps A) weight (dry weight) of rhizome is 1 with the ratio of the volume of ethanol in: 6-8, promptly the weight of rhizome (dry weight) for 1g then the volume of ethanol be 6-8ml or rhizome weight (dry weight) for 1kg then the volume of ethanol be 6-8L;
Particularly, it is 95% ethanol that the ethanol steps A) is selected mass percent concentration for use; Described liliaceous plant is selected the tuber of dwarf lilyturf, asparagus, paris polyphylla, chinaroot greenbrier, the lily of the valley, the evergreen or wind-weed.。
Wherein, step B) ratio of the aqueous solution and the volume of benzinum is 1 in PetroChina Company Limited.'s ether extraction process: 1-3; The aqueous solution is 1 with the ratio of the volume of n-butanol in the extracting n-butyl alcohol process: 1-3; The mass percent concentration of ethanol step C) is 60-80%, is preferably 70-75%; Step D) mass percent concentration of steroid saponin solution is 1-2% in; Step e) steroid saponin solution and polyoxyethylate amide weight portion proportioning are 80-95: 5-20 in, are preferably 85-90: 10-15.
Particularly, the n-butanol step B) is water saturated butanol solution.
Wherein, per 1 cubic metre matrix major ingredient contains described water supply in media conditioner 10-15L; Contain described pH regulator agent 1.0-1.7kg; Contain described nutrition and start agent 0.2-0.5kg, be preferably 0.3-0.4kg.
The present invention provides a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned cultivation matrix on the other hand, comprises following step in sequence:
1) is that the peat of 1-3mm and perlite mix and make the matrix major ingredient with particle diameter, in major ingredient, sprays bactericide;
2) at first add the water supply in media conditioner, the pH value that then adds pH regulator agent adjustment matrix adds nutrition then and starts agent to 6-7, mixes promptly to get and cultivates the matrix finished product
Wherein, before the mixed-matrix major ingredient, also comprise with clear water and the peat raw material is carried out rinsing and dry.
Particularly, in the rinsing peat process, the parts by volume proportioning of peat and clear water is 1: 10-15.
Particularly, peat after drying and perlite are carried out sub-sieve, mix again after filtering out the peat that meets the prescribed particle size requirement and perlite particle.The grain size scope 1-3mm of peat that particularly, filters out and perlite particle.
Wherein, peat, perlitic parts by volume proportioning are 50-80: 15-45 in the step 1), are preferably 60-75: 20-40; Described bactericide is that mass percent concentration is the 2-6% formalin solution, sprays the described bactericide of 3-8L in per 1 cubic metre matrix major ingredient;
Particularly, behind the spraying bactericide, behind the airtight preservation of plastic film covering matrix major ingredient 24-48h, open film, use after smell disperses.
Wherein, step 2) the water supply in media conditioner comprises steroid saponin solution and polyoxyethylate amide described in, and steroid saponin solution and polyoxyethylate amide weight portion proportioning are 80-95: 5-20, are preferably 85-90: 10-15; The pH regulator agent is selected from one or both in dolomite dust, the Paris white, is preferably dolomite dust; Nutrition starts agent and selects 2-3-6 nutrition to start agent.
Particularly, the mass percent concentration of steroid saponin solution is 1-2%; Granularity≤the 2.5mm of dolomite dust.
Wherein, the water supply in media conditioner prepares according to following steps:
A) at first use the rhizome of alcohol extract liliaceous plant, it is dry and obtain medicinal extract to make ethanol extract, then medicinal extract is dissolved in water, and makes the aqueous solution;
B) with steps A) the aqueous solution carry out benzinum, extracting n-butyl alcohol successively;
C) residue behind the butanol extraction liquid evaporate to dryness is dissolved in ethanol after, add acetone soln, produce the total steroid saponin precipitation;
D) total steroid saponin precipitation is dissolved in water is configured to steroid saponin solution;
E) steroid saponin solution and polyoxyethylate amide are mixed get final product.
Wherein, steps A) weight (dry weight) of rhizome is 1 with the ratio of the volume of ethanol in: 6-8, promptly the weight of rhizome (dry weight) for 1g then the volume of ethanol be 6-8ml or rhizome weight (dry weight) for 1kg then the volume of ethanol be 6-8L;
Particularly, it is 95% ethanol that the ethanol steps A) is selected mass percent concentration for use; Described liliaceous plant is selected the tuber of dwarf lilyturf, asparagus, paris polyphylla, chinaroot greenbrier, the lily of the valley, the evergreen or wind-weed.。
Wherein, step B) ratio of the aqueous solution and the volume of benzinum is 1 in PetroChina Company Limited.'s ether extraction process: 1-3; The aqueous solution is 1 with the ratio of the volume of n-butanol in the extracting n-butyl alcohol process: 1-3; The mass percent concentration of ethanol step C) is 60-80%, is preferably 70-75%; Step D) mass percent concentration of steroid saponin solution is 1-2% in; Step e) steroid saponin solution and polyoxyethylate amide weight portion proportioning are 80-95: 5-20 in, are preferably 85-90: 10-15.
Particularly, the n-butanol step B) is water saturated n-butanol.Solution
Wherein, step 2) in the per 1 cubic metre matrix major ingredient, the consumption of water supply in media conditioner is 5-15L in; The consumption of pH regulator agent is 1.0-1.7kg; The consumption that nutrition starts agent is 0.2-0.5kg, is preferably 0.3-0.4kg.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of flower cultivation matrix that is prepared from according to the method described above.
Cultivation matrix of the present invention has following advantage:
1, the physical property of cultivation matrix of the present invention is stable, has improved the water imbibition of peat growing medium, and water content is big, and voidage increases, and the matrix rate of subsiding is low, effectively prevents subsiding of peat.
2, contain multiple nutritional components in the cultivation matrix of the present invention, and nutrient composition content height, the matrix total nitrogen content reaches 1.026-1.131%, content of tatal phosphorus reaches 0.12-0.13%, full potassium content reaches 0.41-0.51%, the content of organic matter reaches 83.3-88.4%, and content of humic acid reaches 35.2-37.0%, and unit weight reaches 0.106-0.112gcm
-3, the wherein full nitrogen and the content of organic matter have surpassed the content of import peat growing medium, and the trophic structure of matrix is reasonable, is convenient to plant absorbing, for the growth of flower plant provides the prescribing adequate nutrition element, satisfies the plant growing needs.
3, adopt the thin peat of the present invention to cultivate matrix and carry out flower seedling raising, the germination rate height reaches 84.6-85.8%; The thin peat of the present invention is cultivated matrix cuttage flowers, and cuttage root-taking rate height has improved the plugged ear survival rate, reaches 87.9-90.3%.
4, the preparation technology of cultivation matrix of the present invention is simple, and the quality of the peat growing medium of preparation is suitable with the import peat growing medium, has reduced the production cost of flowers cultivation enterprise.
Description of drawings
The technological process of production figure of Fig. 1 peat growing medium
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
1, preparation matrix major ingredient
1) rinsing peat
Peat is put into clear water carry out rinsing, clear water is 15: 1 with the ratio of the consumption of peat, after the rinsing 1 time in 20-25 ℃ of following airing 2-3 days.
2) sub-sieve peat, perlite
To dry back peat and perlite and cross 3mm and 1mm sieve respectively successively, the screening particle size range is peat and the thin matrix of perlite conduct of 1-3mm;
3) the matrix major ingredient mixes
With the particle size range behind the sub-sieve is that Powdered peat, the perlite of 1-3mm mixes and make thin matrix major ingredient, and wherein peat, perlitic parts by volume proportioning are 75: 25.
2, spray sterilization
The spraying mass percent concentration is 2% formalin solution in thin matrix major ingredient, cover with plastic film rapidly then, sealing was preserved after 48 hours, open film, use the smell back that disperses, and mass percent concentration is that the consumption of 2% formalin solution is 5 liters in wherein per 1 cubic metre thin matrix major ingredient.
3, add the water supply in media conditioner
Add the water supply in media conditioner in the thick matrix major ingredient after sterilization, and stir, the consumption of wherein per 1 cubic metre matrix major ingredient mesostroma moisture conditioner is 15 liters.
The water supply in media conditioner prepares according to following steps:
A) rhizome of the liliaceous plant chinaroot greenbrier of drying is pulverized the back with 95% ethanolic solution heating and refluxing extraction 20 hours, filter, obtain the chinaroot greenbrier ethanol extract, wherein the weight (dry weight) of Gan Zao chinaroot greenbrier rhizome is 1: 7 with the ratio of the volume of ethanol, for example the rhizome weight when chinaroot greenbrier is 1g, then the volume of ethanol is that 7ml or the rhizome weight of working as chinaroot greenbrier are 1kg, and then the volume of ethanol is 7L;
B) at first the chinaroot greenbrier ethanol extract is placed in the evaporating dish, evaporating dish is placed on water bath method on the water-bath, do not contained the medicinal extract of ethanol, then medicinal extract is dissolved in water, make the chinaroot greenbrier aqueous solution;
C) the chinaroot greenbrier aqueous solution is extracted with benzinum earlier, remove oil-soluble impurities, wherein benzinum is 1: 1 with the ratio of the volume of the aqueous solution;
D) the chinaroot greenbrier aqueous solution behind the petroleum ether extraction is extracted with water saturated butanol solution, remove water-solubility impurity, wherein water saturated butanol solution is 1: 1 with the ratio of the volume of the chinaroot greenbrier aqueous solution;
E) butanol extraction liquid is placed evaporating dish, evaporate to dryness on water-bath, the residue behind the evaporate to dryness adds acetone then while stirring with a small amount of 75% dissolve with ethanol, to no longer producing precipitation;
F) filter and precipitation is carried out drying, promptly obtain total steroid saponin;
G) total steroid saponin is dissolved in water, is configured to mass percent concentration and is 1% steroid saponin solution.
H) steroid saponin solution and polyoxyethylate amide are mixed get final product, wherein, the weight proportion of steroid saponin solution and polyoxyethylate amide is 90: 10.
The liliaceous plant of using in the embodiment of the invention also comprises the tuber of dwarf lilyturf, asparagus, paris polyphylla, the lily of the valley, evergreen, the wind-weed.
4, regulate substrate pH
The dolomite dust of particle diameter less than 2.5mm added in the thin matrix major ingredient, stir, wherein the addition of dolomite dust is the dolomite dust that adds 1.0kg in the per 1 cubic metre thin matrix major ingredient.
5, add nutrition and start agent
Add 2-3-6 nutrition and start agent in thin matrix major ingredient, stirring obtains cultivation matrix of the present invention, and the addition of nutrition startup agent is 0.4kg in wherein per 1 cubic metre thin matrix major ingredient.
The performance indications of the flower cultivation matrix of preparation detect as follows:
The pH value adopts acidometer to measure; The organic potassium bichromate titrimetric method that adopts is measured; Full nitrogen adopts kjeldahl apparatus to measure automatically; Full phosphorus adopts molybdenum blue colorimetric method to measure; Full potassium adopts flame photometer directly to measure; Humus adopts potassium bichromate titrimetric method to measure; Unit weight, total porosity and saturation moisture content adopt core cutter method to measure:
The performance indications testing result of flower cultivation matrix is as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 2
Except the peat in the matrix major ingredient, perlitic parts by volume proportioning are 60: 40; The consumption that sprays mass percent concentration in the thin matrix major ingredient per 1 cubic metre in the bactericide process and be 6% formalin solution is 3 liters; The consumption that adds thin matrix major ingredient mesostroma moisture conditioner per 1 cubic metre in the water supply in media conditioner process is 10 liters, wherein, the mass percent concentration of the steroid saponin solution of water supply in media conditioner is 2%, and steroid saponin solution and polyoxyethylate amide weight portion proportioning are 85: 15; Regulate the dolomite dust that adds 1.7kg in the thin matrix per 1 cubic metre in the substrate pH process; Add nutrition start consumption that 2-3-6 matrix nutrition in the thin matrix major ingredient per 1 cubic metre in the agent process starts agent be 0.2kg outside, all the other are identical with embodiment 1.
The performance indications testing result of the flower cultivation matrix of preparation is as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 3
Except peat, perlitic parts by volume proportioning in the preparation matrix major ingredient process are 80: 15; The consumption that sprays mass percent concentration in the thin matrix major ingredient per 1 cubic metre in the bactericide process and be 4% formalin solution is 8 liters; The consumption that adds thin matrix major ingredient mesostroma moisture conditioner per 1 cubic metre in the water supply in media conditioner process is 12 liters, wherein, the mass percent concentration of the steroid saponin solution of water supply in media conditioner is 1.5%, and steroid saponin solution and polyoxyethylate amide weight portion proportioning are 80: 20; Regulate the dolomite dust that adds 1.3kg in the thin matrix per 1 cubic metre in the substrate pH process; Add nutrition start consumption that 2-3-6 matrix nutrition in the thin matrix major ingredient per 1 cubic metre in the agent process starts agent be 0.3kg outside, all the other are identical with embodiment 1.
The performance indications testing result of the flower cultivation matrix of preparation is as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 4
Except peat, perlitic parts by volume proportioning in the preparation matrix major ingredient process are 50: 45; The consumption that sprays mass percent concentration in the thin matrix major ingredient per 1 cubic metre in the bactericide process and be 2% formalin solution is 5 liters; The consumption that adds thin matrix major ingredient mesostroma moisture conditioner per 1 cubic metre in the water supply in media conditioner process is 10 liters, wherein, the mass percent concentration of the steroid saponin solution of water supply in media conditioner is 2%, and steroid saponin solution and polyoxyethylate amide weight portion proportioning are 95: 5; Regulate the Paris white that adds 1.0kg in the thin matrix per 1 cubic metre in the substrate pH process; Add nutrition start consumption that 2-3-6 matrix nutrition in the thin matrix major ingredient per 1 cubic metre in the agent process starts agent be 0.5kg outside, all the other are identical with embodiment 1.
The performance indications testing result of the flower cultivation matrix of preparation is as shown in table 1.
Reference examples 1
To contain peat and perlitic Canadian import flower cultivation matrix example 1 in contrast.
Reference examples 2
With the used raw material peat of embodiment of the invention 1-4 example 2 in contrast.
The main physical and chemical index table of comparisons of table 1 matrix
Testing result shows:
(1) the present invention cultivates matrix nutrition component content height, contain multiple nutritional components in the matrix, total nitrogen content reaches 1.026-1.131%, content of tatal phosphorus reaches 0.12-0.13%, full potassium content reaches 0.41-0.51%, the content of organic matter reaches 83.3-88.4%, and content of humic acid reaches 35.2-37.0%, and unit weight reaches 0.106-0.112gcm
-3, wherein full nitrogen, organic matter, content of humic acid have surpassed the content of import peat growing medium, for the growth of flower plant provides the prescribing adequate nutrition element;
(2) to cultivate the physical property of matrix stable in the present invention, improved the water imbibition of peat growing medium, and the water content height can prevent effectively that matrix from subsiding;
(3) matrix quality of the present invention has reached the quality of import peat growing medium, can import substitutes, saved expense greatly.
Experimental example 1 seedling growth test
Flow national nursery stock demonstration centre at Beijing Da Dong, adopt the flower cultivation matrix of embodiment of the invention 1-4 preparation, the seedling growth test that reference examples 1-2 matrix is carried out the ivyleaf cyclamen seed respectively, each handles 72 strains, repeat for 3 times, each repetition 24 strains, investigated its germination rate in after planting 40 days, experimental result sees Table 2.
Temperature: 18 ℃-20 ℃.Illumination: germination period (about 21 days) need not illumination, and the cave dish is covered with plastic foil.The air humidity that seed germination requires is 95%.
Table 2 different substrates ivyleaf cyclamen germination rate
| The matrix title | Germination rate (%) |
| Embodiment 1 | 85.8 |
| Embodiment 2 | 84.6 |
| Embodiment 3 | 85.8 |
| Embodiment 4 | 84.9 |
| Reference examples 1 | 85.2 |
| Reference examples 2 | 33.4 |
Result of the test shows: adopt the thin peat of the present invention to cultivate matrix and carry out flower seedling raising, the germination rate height reaches 84.6-85.8%, and is basic identical with the germination rate of import peat growing medium.
Experimental example 2 cuttages test
Flow national nursery stock demonstration centre at Beijing Da Dong, adopt the flower cultivation matrix of embodiment of the invention 1-4 preparation, the cuttage test that reference examples 1-2 matrix is carried out new guinea impatiens respectively.Adopt full sunshine and spray to insert technology, air humidity is 80%-90%, and temperature is controlled at 28-30 ℃, and the cuttage spacing in the rows is 5-6cm, line-spacing 7-8cm.2 its situations of taking root of week back statistics comprise that its survival rate, root are long.Result of the test sees Table 3.
Each handles 45 strains, and 3 repetitions repeat 15 plugged ears at every turn.Plugged ear is picked up from the young shoot between the maternal plant axil, during leaf fertilizer of spray, unified watering.
Table 3 different substrates new guinea impatiens cuttage root-taking situation
| The matrix title | Survival rate (%) | Root long (mm) |
| Embodiment 1 | 87.9 | 31.2 |
| Embodiment 2 | 88.9 | 32.4 |
| Embodiment 3 | 90.3 | 31.5 |
| Embodiment 4 | 88.3 | 31.4 |
| Reference examples 1 | 88.5 | 30.7 |
| Reference examples 2 | 62.3 | 23.6 |
Result of the test shows: the thin peat of the present invention is cultivated matrix cuttage flowers, and cuttage root-taking rate height reaches 87.9-90.3%, and root reaches 31.2-32.4mm.High slightly than import peat growing medium aspect rooting percent significantly improves than the rooting rate of common peat growing medium; At rectangular long 0.5-1.7mm of root, than the long 7.6-8.8mm of common peat growing medium than import peat growing medium; Significantly promoted the plugged ear survival rate.
Claims (8)
1. flower cultivation matrix, it is characterized in that comprising major ingredient and additive, wherein major ingredient comprises peat and perlite, additive comprises that water supply in media conditioner, pH regulator agent and nutrition start agent, peat and perlitic particle diameter are 1-3mm, and wherein, described water supply in media conditioner comprises steroid saponin solution and polyoxyethylate amide, the mass percent concentration of described steroid saponin solution is 1-2%, and steroid saponin solution and polyoxyethylate amide weight portion proportioning are 80-95: 5-20; Described pH regulator agent is selected from dolomite dust or Paris white; Described nutrition starts agent and starts agent for 2-3-6 nutrition.
2. cultivation matrix as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the described peat and the ratio of perlitic volume are 50-80: 15-45.
3. preparation method who cultivates matrix comprises following step in sequence:
1) is that the peat of 1-3mm and perlite mix and make the matrix major ingredient with particle diameter, in major ingredient, sprays bactericide;
2) at first add the water supply in media conditioner, the pH value that then adds pH regulator agent adjustment matrix adds nutrition then and starts agent to 6-7, and mix promptly to get and cultivate the matrix finished product, wherein,
Described water supply in media conditioner comprises steroid saponin solution and polyoxyethylate amide, and the mass percent concentration of described steroid saponin solution is 1-2%, and steroid saponin solution and polyoxyethylate amide weight portion proportioning are 80-95: 5-20; Described pH regulator agent is selected from dolomite dust or Paris white; Described nutrition starts agent and starts agent for 2-3-6 nutrition.
4. preparation method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that the described peat and the ratio of perlitic volume are 50-80: 15-45.
5. as claim 3 or 4 described preparation methods, it is characterized in that described water supply in media conditioner prepares according to following steps:
A) at first use the rhizome of alcohol extract liliaceous plant, the ethanol extract that makes is dry and obtain medicinal extract, then the medicinal extract that obtains is dissolved in water, make the aqueous solution;
B) with steps A) aqueous solution made carries out benzinum, extracting n-butyl alcohol successively;
C) residue behind the butanol extraction liquid evaporate to dryness is dissolved in ethanol after, add acetone soln, produce the total steroid saponin precipitation;
D) total steroid saponin precipitation is dissolved in water is configured to steroid saponin solution;
E) steroid saponin solution and polyoxyethylate amide are mixed get final product;
Wherein, described liliaceous plant is selected a kind of in the tuber of dwarf lilyturf, asparagus, paris polyphylla, chinaroot greenbrier, the lily of the valley, the evergreen or wind-weed.
6. preparation method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that steps A) in the ratio of dry weight and the volume of ethanol of rhizome be 1: 6-8, promptly the dry weight of rhizome be 1g then the volume of ethanol be the dry weight of 6-8ml or rhizome be 1kg then the volume of ethanol be 6-8L.
7. as claim 3 or 4 described preparation methods, it is characterized in that in per 1 cubic metre matrix major ingredient that the consumption of water supply in media conditioner is that the consumption of 10-15L, pH regulator agent is that the consumption that 1.0-1.7kg, nutrition start agent is 0.2-0.5kg.
8. cultivate matrix for one kind, according to being prepared from as claim 3-7 either party method.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
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