CN106171888B - Dendrobium officinale culture medium and culture method - Google Patents

Dendrobium officinale culture medium and culture method Download PDF

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CN106171888B
CN106171888B CN201610562819.6A CN201610562819A CN106171888B CN 106171888 B CN106171888 B CN 106171888B CN 201610562819 A CN201610562819 A CN 201610562819A CN 106171888 B CN106171888 B CN 106171888B
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dendrobium officinale
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CN106171888A (en
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黄燕翔
黄颖颖
王红梅
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Fujian Liantianfu Biological Science & Technology Co Ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05FORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05FORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F5/00Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
    • C05F5/002Solid waste from mechanical processing of material, e.g. seed coats, olive pits, almond shells, fruit residue, rice hulls
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/22Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
    • A01G24/23Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/30Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
    • A01G24/35Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds containing water-absorbing polymers
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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Abstract

The invention discloses a dendrobium officinale culture medium and a culture method, wherein the culture medium comprises a bottom layer, a middle layer and a surface layer which are sequentially paved from bottom to top, the surface layer and the bottom layer are both mixtures of pine sawdust and pine bark (the diameter is 0.6-2.0cm) with the volume ratio of 1:0.8-1:1.2, the middle layer is a purple sandstone layer, domesticated seedlings of the dendrobium officinale are transplanted onto a seedbed in the planting process, the medium covers all root systems of the domesticated seedlings, sufficient roots are watered, and a proper amount of organic liquid fertilizer is applied.

Description

Dendrobium officinale culture medium and culture method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of dendrobium officinale cultivation, in particular to dendrobium officinale cultivation substrates and cultivation methods.
Background
The dendrobium officinale is a perennial herb plant of dendrobium of the orchid family, and has the effects of reinforcing stomach, promoting fluid production, nourishing yin, clearing heat, relieving cough and moistening lung, is a traditional famous and precious traditional Chinese medicine, is commonly called 'life saving Mesona'. due to the unique growth environment of wild dendrobium officinale, has special requirements on microclimate, is often attached to trunks or forests, is mixed with lichens, mosses and ferns, does not have stable and sufficient nutrition supply, has no endosperm, grows slowly and has extremely low survival rate.
In view of the above, the inventor of the invention conducted a special research on the cultivation of dendrobium officinale, invented dendrobium officinale cultivation substrates and cultivation methods, and the present application is generated thereby.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is to provide dendrobium officinale culture mediums, the cultivated dendrobium officinale has excellent growth and highest yield, and is very suitable for application in production, namely .
In order to achieve the above purpose, the solution of the invention is:
Dendrobium officinale culture medium comprises a bottom layer, a middle layer and a surface layer which are sequentially paved from bottom to top, wherein the surface layer and the bottom layer are both a mixture of pine sawdust and pine bark with a volume ratio of 1:0.8-1:1.2, and the middle layer is a purple sandstone gravel layer.
The thickness of the surface layer is 3-5cm, the thickness of the middle layer is 3-5cm, and the thickness of the bottom layer is 2-3 cm.
The thickness of the surface layer is 4cm, the thickness of the middle layer is 4cm, and the thickness of the bottom layer is 2 cm.
The pine bark is selected to have a diameter of 0.6-2.0 cm.
The grain diameter of the purple sandstone crushed stone layer is 0.6-2.0 cm.
The surface layer and the bottom layer, pine sawdust and pine bark are mixed and then are added with organic liquid fertilizer for fermentation treatment.
The invention also aims at a cultivation method of dendrobium officinale cultivation substrates, which comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a matrix raw material:
organic complex matrix: preparing a mixture of pine sawdust and pine bark, wherein the volume ratio of the pine sawdust to the pine bark is 1:0.8-1: 1.2;
inorganic matrix: preparing a purple sandstone crushed stone material;
2) preparing a seedbed matrix:
sequentially laying a bottom layer, a middle layer and a surface layer on the seedbed from bottom to top, wherein the bottom layer and the surface layer are laid by adopting an organic matching matrix, and the middle layer is laid by adopting an inorganic matrix;
3) planting:
selecting and transplanting the domesticated dendrobium officinale seedlings to a seedbed, covering all root systems of the domesticated seedlings with a substrate, watering sufficient root fixing water, and applying a proper amount of organic liquid fertilizer according to the growth of crops.
In the step 2), the thickness of the surface layer is 3-5cm, the thickness of the middle layer is 3-5cm, and the thickness of the bottom layer is 2-3 cm.
In the step 2), the thickness of the surface layer is 4cm, the thickness of the middle layer is 4cm, and the thickness of the bottom layer is 2 cm.
The pine bark is selected to have a diameter of 0.6-2.0 cm.
The grain diameter of the purple sandstone crushed stone layer is 0.6-2.0 cm.
In the step 1), the organic matching matrix is added with an organic liquid fertilizer and then fermented.
And 3) in the step, selecting the domesticated dendrobium officinale seedlings with the plant height of 5cm and 2-3 roots.
After the scheme is adopted, compared with the prior art, the dendrobium officinale cultivation substrate and the cultivation method have the advantages that the substrate is provided with the specific organic substrate and the specific inorganic substrate which are reasonably arranged in a layered mode, the raw material with good permeability is mainly used, and the proper amount of loose material with strong water and fertilizer retention capacity is used as the auxiliary material, so that the substrate is air-permeable and moisture-retaining, the optimal growth amount can be obtained by ensuring proper moisture and humidity, the growth of the dendrobium officinale is facilitated, the growth vigor is good, the growth is strong, the leaf color is dark green, the stems are thick, the yield is high, and in the cultivation process, the organic liquid fertilizer with proper concentration can be sprayed, and the yield of the dendrobium officinale can be remarkably improved in the step .
Detailed Description
The present disclosure will be described in further detail in with reference to specific embodiments.
The scheme relates to Dendrobium officinale culture mediums, which are provided with a bottom layer, a middle layer and a surface layer which are sequentially paved from bottom to top.
The surface layer and the bottom layer are both mixture of pine sawdust and pine bark with a volume ratio of 1:0.8-1:1.2, in a preferred embodiment , the pine sawdust and the pine bark are prepared according to a volume ratio of 1:1, the mixture is used as a substrate of the surface layer and the bottom layer in step , and after the mixture is used, organic liquid fertilizer is added for fermentation treatment, specifically, after organic liquid fertilizer (which can be organic liquid fertilizer self-made by Fujian Lianhoufu biological science and technology Limited) is added into the mixture, the mixture is stirred and adjusted to have a water content of about 55%, and then the fermentation treatment is carried out according to a technology of producing the organic liquid fertilizer by a shed-and-groove static fermentation method.
The specification of the pine bark is critical, the preferred diameter is 0.6-2.0cm, the preferred diameter of the pine bark is 0.8-1.2 cm. in steps, only under the specification, the pine bark can be well matched with pine sawdust to form a matrix layer beneficial to the growth of the dendrobium officinale, if the specification is too large, the water retention is not good, the pine bark sawdust is not even when mixed with the pine sawdust, if the specification is too small, the permeability is poor, the pine sawdust is thin, if the fine bark is added, the permeability is reduced, and the pine bark is not suitable for the growth of the dendrobium officinale.
The middle layer is a purple sandstone gravel layer, the particle size of the purple sandstone gravel is preferably 0.6-2.0cm, the thickness of the surface layer, the middle layer and the bottom layer of the matrix is preferably 0.8-1.5 cm. in steps, specifically, the thickness of the surface layer is 3-5cm, the thickness of the middle layer is 3-5cm, the thickness of the bottom layer is 2-3 cm., the thickness of the surface layer is 4cm, the thickness of the middle layer is 4cm, the thickness of the bottom layer is 2 cm., the thickness of each layer is specially designed by fully combining the growth characteristics of the dendrobium officinale, the dendrobium officinale is developed in root system and is attached to the rock, the permeability is required, the situation of the dendrobium officinale in field growth is simulated, the dendrobium officinale is attached to the rock wall, humus is arranged on the surface of the rock to provide nutrients for the dendrobium officinale, and the simulated design can enable the surface layer, the middle layer and the bottom layer to effectively play a role, and is further favorable for the growth of the.
The invention also relates to a cultivation method of dendrobium officinale culture media, which comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a matrix raw material:
organic complex matrix: preparing a mixture of pine sawdust and pine bark, wherein the volume ratio of the pine sawdust to the pine bark is 1:0.8-1: 1.2;
inorganic matrix: preparing a purple sandstone crushed stone material;
the preferred embodiment is given by organic matching matrix, wherein the pine sawdust and the pine bark are configured according to the volume ratio of 1: 1; the preferable diameter of the pine bark is 0.6-2.0 cm. The specification of the pine bark is very critical, and only under the specification, the pine bark can be well matched with the pine sawdust to form a matrix layer beneficial to the growth of the dendrobium officinale. If the size is too large, not only is the water retention unfavorable, but also the mixing with the pine sawdust is not uniform; if the size is too small, the permeability is poor, the pine sawdust is fine, and if the pine sawdust is added with too fine bark, the permeability is reduced, so that the pine sawdust is not suitable for the growth of the dendrobium officinale.
Mixing organic compound matrix, adding organic liquid fertilizer, and fermenting, specifically, adding organic liquid fertilizer (which can be organic liquid fertilizer self-made by Fujian Lianfu biological technology Limited) into the mixture, stirring to adjust water content to about 55%, and fermenting according to the method for producing organic liquid fertilizer by shed-and-tank static fermentation.
2) Preparing a seedbed matrix:
sequentially laying a bottom layer, a middle layer and a surface layer on the seedbed from bottom to top; wherein, the bottom layer and the surface layer are paved by adopting organic matching matrix to form two organic matrix layers; the middle layer is paved by adopting an inorganic matrix to form a middle inorganic matrix layer;
the thickness of the surface layer, the middle layer and the bottom layer of the substrate has a preferred matching range of , specifically, the thickness of the surface layer is 3-5cm, the thickness of the middle layer is 3-5cm, the thickness of the bottom layer is 2-3 cm., the thickness of the surface layer is 4cm, the thickness of the middle layer is 4cm, the thickness of the bottom layer is 2cm, the thickness of each layer is designed by fully combining the growth characteristics of the dendrobium officinale, the root system of the dendrobium officinale grows on the rock and is required to be transparent, the growth state of the dendrobium officinale in the field is simulated, the dendrobium officinale grows on the rock wall, humus provides nutrients for the dendrobium officinale, the simulated design can enable the surface layer, the middle layer and the bottom layer to play an effective role, and steps are favorable for the growth of the dendrobium officinale.
3) Planting:
selecting and transplanting the domesticated dendrobium officinale seedlings to a seedbed, covering all root systems of the domesticated seedlings with a substrate, watering sufficient root fixing water, and applying a proper amount of organic liquid fertilizer according to the growth of crops. The domesticated dendrobium officinale plantlets are preferably plantlets with the plant height of 5cm and 2-3 roots. The organic liquid fertilizer is adopted, and is more beneficial to the absorption of plants on nutrients compared with the organic fertilizer, the dosage and the time of the fertilizer are mainly proportioned and applied according to the growth needs of crops, and the expansion description is not provided here.
steps are further performed through a plurality of tests to illustrate the excellent performance and effect of the dendrobium officinale culture medium and the culture method.
1. Materials and methods
1.1 materials
1.1.1 test Dendrobium officinale seedlings
Selecting domesticated tissue culture seedlings which grow at and are strong and disease-free.
1.1.2 test culture substrates
Granite broken stone (with a particle size of 0.6-2.0cm), purple sandstone broken stone (with a particle size of 0.6-2.0cm), pine bark (with a particle size of 0.6-2.0cm, and treated by soaking in clear water for 2 months), and organic compound matrix (prepared by matrix with a surface layer, a middle layer, and a bottom layer respectively prepared from pine sawdust and pine bark 50% by volume mixture of 4cm, purple sandstone broken stone of 4cm, and pine sawdust and pine bark 50% by volume mixture of 2 cm).
1.1.3 test nutrient solution
Organic liquid fertilizer (specifically, liquid obtained by mixing local sheep manure, water and fermented biogas slurry composite flora, and performing stirring-fermentation-solid-liquid separation-aeration-filtration treatment, wherein the liquid contains 0.44% of organic matter and N + P2O5+K2O=0.56%);
Inorganic composite liquid fertilizer (produced by Shandong Jinzhengda ecological engineering Co., Ltd., containing N-P)2O5-K2O is 15-15-15 compound fertilizer, monopotassium phosphate produced by Shanghai combined phosphoric acid chemical industry limited company and water is 1: 1: 1000 (weight ratio).
1.2 methods
1.2.1 test site
The test is carried out in a dendrobium officinale planting base cultivation greenhouse of Fujian Lianfu biological technology Limited, located at the hills of crown of Lian City, Lian-Jian, province, the cultivation greenhouse is a standard steel frame greenhouse of 6m multiplied by 28.5m, a shading net with shading degree of 75% is covered, seedbeds are 0.4cm (overhead), 1.1m wide, 2.8m long and 0.6m deep, and seedbeds are plots.
1.2.2 test design
The experiment was set up with 8 treatments in three replicates for a total of 24 cells, randomized block permutation. The substrate configuration and nutrient solution application for each treatment are shown in table 1. The laying thickness of the substrate is 10cm, and the nutrient solution is sprayed on the leaf surface for 2 times per month.
Table 1 test treatment
Figure BDA0001052044060000061
1.2.3 transplanting
Transplanting is carried out on 11 days 6 months 6 years 2014, when in transplanting, a domesticated dendrobium officinale seedling with the plant height of 5cm and 2-3 roots is selected by a system to be transplanted on a seedbed, 1 cluster of 4 dendrobium officinale plants is planted in each cell, 8 multiplied by 20 is 160 clusters, the root system is naturally stretched during planting, the whole root system is covered by a culture medium, sufficient root fixing water is poured, and other conventional inspection and management works such as spraying, watering, ventilation, temperature and humidity are carried out daily except for applying fertilizers according to treatment, and the treatment is kept to be .
1.2.4 Observation items and methods
8 clusters are randomly drawn for spot observation in each cell. And (3) determining items such as fresh weight, sprouting number, stem thickness, plant height, longest root length and the like of a single bundle in 5 days 11/2015, calculating the average value of each cell, and performing data statistical analysis by using SPSS software. As the dendrobium officinale is used as a medicine by using the stems, the bud number, the plant height and the stem thickness of the dendrobium officinale are important indexes for measuring the yield of the dendrobium officinale. The number of single-cluster buds is based on the total number of buds germinated at the base of each cluster; the plant height is based on the highest stem in the cluster and is from the root neck to the top tip base; the thickness of the stem is based on the thickest part of the highest stem in the cluster; the longest root length is based on the longest root system in the cluster.
2 results and analysis
The root growth of the dendrobium officinale is required to be in an environment condition of good ventilation and humidity without water accumulation, so that the ventilation and moisture retention properties of the culture medium directly influence the growth of the dendrobium officinale.
2.1 Effect of different treatments on the number of sprouts in Dendrobium officinale
According to the field observation and record, in the whole test process, the culture substrates treated by the treatment methods 1, 2, 3 and 4 are poor in moisture retention and easy to dehydrate and dry, and the color of the leaves in the growth process of the dendrobium officinale is lighter than that of the leaves treated by other treatments and poor in growth vigor. From the survey results of the test harvest in table 2, treatment 8 showed the highest number of sprouts, averaging 10.4, followed by 6 to 9.7, and the others ranged from 7.0 to 8.7; and treatment 8 differed to a very significant level from treatments 1, 5, and 7, to a significant level from treatments 2, 3, and 4, but not significantly from treatment 6. The matrix configuration of laying the organic matching matrix and the purple sandstone in a layered manner is adopted, so that the sprouting of the dendrobium officinale is facilitated.
TABLE 2 influence of different treatments on leaf color, germination and root length of Dendrobium officinale
Figure BDA0001052044060000071
Figure BDA0001052044060000081
Note: the difference between the case and case of the letter in the data significance column was 0.01 and 0.05 (same below)
2.2 Effect of different treatments on the longest root System of Dendrobium officinale
As can be seen from the results of statistical analysis in the investigation table 2, the difference between the treatments was not significant. Except that the numerical values of the treatments 1, 5 and 7 are smaller, the influence difference of other treatments on the longest root length of the dendrobium officinale is small. Wherein the longest root system treated by 8 is 20.4cm, which is more suitable for the growth of the root system of the dendrobium officinale.
2.3 Effect of different treatments on Stem thickness of Dendrobium officinale
The stem thickness is often which is an important index of the growth condition of the dendrobium officinale, as can be seen from the investigation results in table 3, the differences between the treatments 5, 6, 7 and 8 and the treatments 1, 2, 3 and 4 reach extremely significant levels, while the differences between the treatments 5, 6, 7 and 8 are not significant, which indicates that the addition of a proper amount of pine sawdust in the matrix has a significant promoting effect on the thickening of the dendrobium officinale stem.
TABLE 3 influence of different treatments on the stem thickness, plant height and fresh weight of Dendrobium officinale
Figure BDA0001052044060000082
Figure BDA0001052044060000091
2.4 Effect of different treatments on the height of Dendrobium officinale plants
The plant height is the most intuitive reflection of the growth condition of the dendrobium officinale. As can be seen from the survey results in Table 3, the different treatments have obvious differences on the growth of the dendrobium officinale plants. Wherein the differences between treatments 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and treatments 1, 2, 3, between treatments 6, 7, 8 and treatment 4, and between treatments 7, 8 and treatment 5 all reached a very significant level. And the height of the treated plant 8 is as high as 19.8cm, and the height of the treated plant 7 is 19.3 cm. But the differences between them were not significant. The method is characterized in that the plant height of the dendrobium officinale can be remarkably increased by adopting the matrix configuration of laying the organic matching matrix and the purple sandstone in a mixed or layered manner and applying the organic liquid fertilizer with proper concentration.
2.5 Effect of different treatments on the fresh weight of Dendrobium officinale
From the test results table 3, the average fresh weight of the single clump for treatment 8 was up to 30.8g, increasing the yield by 21.8g, 19.9g, 19.0g, 14.6g, 7.9g, 4.6g and 3.1g compared to treatments 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, respectively, by 242.2%, 182.6%, 161.0%, 90.1%, 34.5%, 17.6% and 11.2%, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that the differences between treatment 8 and treatments 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 were at a very significant level. The matrix configuration of laying the organic matching matrix and the purple sandstone in a layered manner is adopted, and then the organic liquid fertilizer with proper concentration is applied, so that the growth of the dendrobium officinale is facilitated, the growth vigor is good, and the yield is highest.
3 conclusion and discussion
3.1 the growth and development of Dendrobium officinale is influenced by the culture medium
3.1.1 inorganic substrates
The test selects two inorganic matrixes, namely granite and purple sandstone. From the test results shown in Table 2 and the comparison between treatment 3 and treatment 2 in Table 3, the differences between the two treatments, i.e., the number of sprouts, the longest root system, the stem thickness, the plant height, the single fresh weight, and the like, do not reach significant levels. But except that the value of the longest root system treatment 3 is smaller than that of the longest root system treatment 2, the values of other observation indexes are all larger, which indicates that the purple sandstone is more favorable for the growth of the dendrobium officinale. The purple sandstone has the characteristics of unique concave rough surface, large internal structure void ratio, good moisture absorption and retention property, and rich mineral nutrition such as calcium, magnesium, potassium, selenium and the like.
3.1.2 organic substrates
The experiment adopts two organic matrixes, namely pine bark (diameter is 0.6-2.0cm) and an organic matching matrix prepared from 50% of pine sawdust and pine bark by volume ratio, and the like, from the experiment results shown in tables 2 and 3, the differences between two treatments, namely stem thickness, plant height and single fresh weight, are extremely obvious except that the number of sprouts and the longest root system are not obviously different, and the comparison between the treatment 5 and the treatment 3 shows that the organic matching matrix prepared from 50% of pine sawdust and pine bark by volume ratio is more suitable for thickening and increasing the stem of the dendrobium officinale compared with the single pine bark, so that the yield is obviously improved.
3.1.3 laying method
The test adopts two laying modes of mixing and layering inorganic and organic matrixes. From the comparison between the treatments 6 and 5 or between the treatments 8 and 7 in the test results tables 2 and 3, the differences between the fresh and heavy treatments of a single bundle reach a very significant level, the differences between the two treatments of the sprout number reach a very significant level or a significant level, and the differences between the treatments 6 and 5 of the plant height also reach a significant level, except that the stem thickness and the longest root system have no significant difference. The method shows that whether the inorganic compound liquid fertilizer or the organic liquid fertilizer is sprayed, the matrix layering laying can promote the sprouting of the dendrobium officinale and the growth of plants better than the mixed laying, thereby obviously improving the yield. The reason is that through layered laying, a large amount of interstitial spaces are formed in the middle of the substrate, so that the substrate has better water permeability, air permeability, moisture retention and adhesiveness.
3.2 spraying nutrient solution affects the growth and development of Dendrobium officinale
The test selects three different nutrient solutions of clear water, inorganic composite liquid fertilizer and organic liquid fertilizer. From the comparison of the treatments 4 and 2 and the treatment 1 in the test results table 2 and table 3, the differences between the treatments 4 and 2 and the treatment 1 of the sprout number are all significant, and the differences between the treatment 4 and the treatment 2 are not significant, except that no significant difference exists between the three treatments of the stem thickness and the longest root system; the plant height and the fresh weight of a single cluster are obviously different from those of the treatment 1 and the treatment 2 respectively by the treatment 4, and the difference between the treatment 2 and the treatment 1 is not obvious. In addition, as shown in the test results shown in tables 2 and 3, compared with the treatment 7 and the treatment 5 and the treatment 8 and the treatment 6, the number of sprouts, the stem thickness and the longest root system have no obvious difference, the plant height difference reaches an extremely obvious or obvious level, and the fresh weight difference of a single cluster is extremely obvious. The organic liquid fertilizer is proved to have the effect of promoting the increase of the germination number of the dendrobium officinale, can obviously increase the plant height of the dendrobium officinale and obviously improve the yield compared with the conventional inorganic composite liquid fertilizer.
In conclusion, the variety of the culture medium, the laying mode of the culture medium and the variety of the nutrient solution influence the growth and development of the dendrobium officinale, the culture medium mainly comprises raw materials with good permeability, and a proper amount of loose materials with strong water and fertilizer retention capacity are added to ensure that the proper water and humidity can obtain the optimal growth amount, and the test result shows that the culture medium is prepared by adopting a medium with a surface layer, a middle layer and a bottom layer respectively comprising mixtures with certain volume ratios of pine sawdust and pine bark, purple sandstone crushed stones, mixtures with certain volume ratios of pine sawdust and pine bark, and then additionally applying an organic liquid fertilizer with proper concentration, so that the dendrobium officinale grows strongly, has dark green leaves, thick stems and highest yield, and is very suitable for application of the popularization in production.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (3)

  1. The dendrobium officinale cultivation medium is characterized by comprising a bottom layer, a middle layer and a surface layer which are sequentially paved from bottom to top, wherein the surface layer and the bottom layer are both a mixture of pine sawdust and pine bark in a volume ratio of 1:08-1:1.2, the middle layer is a purple sandstone crushed stone layer, the thickness of the surface layer is 3-5cm, the thickness of the middle layer is 3-5cm, the thickness of the bottom layer is 2-3cm, the pine bark is selected from a specification of 0.8-1.2cm in diameter, the particle size of the purple sandstone crushed stone layer is 0.8-1.5cm, and the pine sawdust and the pine bark on the surface layer and the bottom layer are mixed and then added with an organic liquid fertilizer for fermentation treatment.
  2. 2. The Dendrobium officinale cultivation substrate of claim 1, wherein the surface layer is 4cm thick, the middle layer is 4cm thick, and the bottom layer is 2cm thick.
  3. 3, cultivation method of Dendrobium officinale, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
    1) preparing a matrix raw material:
    organic complex matrix: preparing a mixture of pine sawdust and pine bark, and adding an organic liquid fertilizer for fermentation treatment; the volume ratio of the pine sawdust to the pine bark is 1:08-1: 1.2; the pine bark is selected to have a diameter of 0.8-1.2 cm;
    inorganic matrix: preparing a purple sandstone crushed stone material; the grain diameter of the purple sandstone crushed stone is 0.8-1.5 cm;
    2) preparing a seedbed matrix:
    sequentially laying a bottom layer, a middle layer and a surface layer on the seedbed from bottom to top, wherein the bottom layer and the surface layer are laid by adopting an organic matching matrix, and the middle layer is laid by adopting an inorganic matrix; the thickness of the surface layer is 3-5cm, the thickness of the middle layer is 3-5cm, and the thickness of the bottom layer is 2-3 cm;
    3) planting:
    selecting and transplanting the domesticated dendrobium officinale seedlings to a seedbed, covering all root systems of the domesticated seedlings with a substrate, watering sufficient root fixing water, and applying a proper amount of organic liquid fertilizer according to the growth of crops.
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CN106942031A (en) * 2016-12-30 2017-07-14 浙江金石生物科技有限公司 A kind of high-quality method for planting of dendrobium candidum
CN107047258B (en) * 2017-04-19 2021-01-08 时科生物科技(上海)有限公司 Special culture medium for dendrobium nobile lindl
CN108377894A (en) * 2018-04-23 2018-08-10 皖西学院 A kind of seedbed suitable for Dendrobidium huoshanness intercropping cultivation
CN108935037A (en) * 2018-06-05 2018-12-07 湖州市食品药品检验研究院 A kind of control method of artificial growth dendrobium candidum persticide residue
CN109566293A (en) * 2019-01-22 2019-04-05 云南中康食品有限公司 A kind of method for culturing seedlings of organic vegetable
CN113508746A (en) * 2020-03-27 2021-10-19 张正军 Cultivation technology for preventing dendrobium diseases and insect pests
CN111567377A (en) * 2020-05-12 2020-08-25 浙江森古生物科技有限公司 Wild-like high-quality dendrobium nobile cultivation method
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