CN106577006A - Sweet persimmon container seedling raising matrix and method - Google Patents
Sweet persimmon container seedling raising matrix and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106577006A CN106577006A CN201710044786.0A CN201710044786A CN106577006A CN 106577006 A CN106577006 A CN 106577006A CN 201710044786 A CN201710044786 A CN 201710044786A CN 106577006 A CN106577006 A CN 106577006A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of fruit tree breeding and discloses a sweet persimmon container seedling raising matrix and method. The matrix is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-40 parts of domestic sludge, 20-25 parts of edible fungus dregs, 30-40 parts of vegetable garden soil and 5 parts of decay sheep excrement. The sweet persimmon container seedling raising method comprises the following steps of preparing the container seedling raising matrix; performing collection and low-temperature sand storage and stratification of seeds; performing collection and treatment of scions; performing heated germination accelerating and sowing of rootstock seeds; performing transplantation and root irrigation of rootstock seedlings; topdressing the rootstock seedlings; performing grafting; managing grafted seedlings; and performing outputting. The seedling raising matrix provided by the invention takes waste fungus dregs and sludge as raw materials, so that waste utilization of the fungus dregs and the sludge is realized; and the sweet persimmon grafted seedlings are cultivated in a container seedling raising way, so that the root system of nursery stock can be kept complete during transplantation, the transplantation survival rate reaches up to 100%, no rejuvenation period exists, and the seedling raising cycle is shortened.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fruit tree raising technology field, more particularly to fruit trees seedling medium and method for culturing seedlings.
Background technology
In recent years, the edible fungus culturing of China more and more extensively change, scale, its concentrate large-scale production result be
The edible fungi residue after plucking is caused to be discarded in a large number, its process has become a difficult problem, and causes the ring that can not be ignored
Border problem.Many studies demonstrate that, rich in Organic substance and various mineral elements in bacteria residue, and edible fungi body protein, secondary generation
Thank to various water soluble nutrients such as product, in addition bacteria residue breathability, water-retaining property are stronger, be especially suitable for the growth needs of fruit trees.
Domestic sludge belongs to biomass solid wastes, containing the nutrient such as abundant organic matter, N, P, K and middle trace element.The dirt
After high-temperature aerobic fermentation composting, its harmful substance contents is below China to mud《At urban wastewater treatment firm sludge
Put-agricultural shale》(CJ/T 309-2009), is a kind of nutritious Organic Fertilizer Resources.
At present, sweet persimmon nursery is sowed the seed in spring then mainly using traditional seedling raising mannerses, then autumn or spring in next year transfer
Connect, and go out garden in the end of the year in next year.Traditional nursery not only growing-seedling period length, high cost, and because seedling root is huge, hinder during lifting
Root rate is high, and seedling-slowing stage is long after plant, can not meet the demand of sweet persimmon industry development in recent years.And container nursery have seedling stage it is short,
Nursery stock specification and quality are easily controllable, save seed, root system not easy damaged, nursery stock little moisture loss, transplanting survival rate during lifting
It is high, without seedling-slowing stage, be easy to mechanical sock growing nursery, and can lifting at any time, the advantages of not being subject to seasonal restrictions, Shi Linguo developed countries
Achievements in forest-tree seedling mainly for form is answered, present China is also widely used.But hinder during sweet persimmon nursery stock transplanting root be difficult to survive, anti-season
Section plantation survives the problem of hardly possible and urgently solves.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to solve the problems, such as that sweet persimmon nursery stock hinders that root is difficult to survive, off-season cultivation survives hardly possible, and
A kind of sweet persimmon Medium of Container Seedling and method for culturing seedlings are provided.
In order to realize foregoing invention purpose, the present invention provides technical scheme below：
The invention provides a kind of sweet persimmon Medium of Container Seedling, including the raw material of following weight portion：35～40 parts of lives are dirty
Mud, 20～25 parts of edible fungi residues, 30～40 parts of vegetable garden soils and 5 parts of decay sheep excrements.
As a kind of preferred technical scheme, the sweet persimmon Medium of Container Seedling, including the raw material of following weight portion：37 parts
Domestic sludge, 24 parts of edible fungi residues, 34 parts of vegetable garden soils and 5 parts of decay sheep excrements.
The present invention also provides a kind of sweet persimmon container seedling culture method, comprises the steps：
Annual developmental branch or bearing basal shoot are gathered in sweet persimmon rest period, husky in the sandy soil of shady and cool moistening Tibetan is embedded in；
After sweet persimmon fruit maturation, sand at low temperature hides lamination after collection seed dries in the shade；
By the presprouting of seeds behind the husky Tibetan, the seed that Jing accelerating germination shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally is seeded in containing base described in claim 1 or 2
In the container of matter, when rootstock seedling grows 3～5 leaves, rootstock seedling is connected into root carrying substrates and is transplanted to containing the institute of claim 1 or 2
State the beautiful of substrate to plant in bag, pouring root, water and fertilizer management are carried out with root-growing agent after transplanting；
Treat that rootstock seedling grows to ground diameter more than 0.7cm, height of seedling is grafted onto the scion of Sha Zanghou on rootstock seedling when 60cm；
Grow up to when ground diameter is more than 0.8cm, more than height of seedling 80cm whne nursery stock and go out garden.
Preferably, the accelerating germination adopts constant temperature accelerating germination, and the temperature of the accelerating germination is 25～30 DEG C.
Preferably, the water and fertilizer management includes water management and fertilizer management, and the water management is：Water during substrate arid, will
Substrate is irrigated；The fertilizer manages and is：1 fertilizer was sprayed every 7～10 days, nitrogen fertilizer application amount is 25～125mg/ strains, apply phosphate fertilizer amount for 25
～30mg/ strains, potassium application amount is 40～45mg/ strains.
Preferably, the temperature that the seed sand at low temperature hides lamination is 3 DEG C～7 DEG C, and the time is 60d～90d.
Preferably, the seed also includes in Sha Zangqian：Seed to collecting is sterilized using antibacterial.
Preferably, the root-growing agent is root nurse, and extension rate is 1500～2000 times when using.
Preferably, the container of the seed sowing after the accelerating germination is 50 hole disks.
Preferably, the husky Tibetan method of the scion is：Paraffin is sealed up in scion, in embedment sandy soil.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows：
1st, Medium of Container Seedling of the invention be edible fungi residue and domestic sludge to discard as raw material, can make bacteria residue and
Sludge waste is utilized, and solves the problems, such as that bacteria residue and sludge treatment are difficult.
2nd, the present invention cultivates sweet persimmon grafting using container nursery mode, can keep seedling root complete during transplanting, solves
Sweet persimmon nursery stock transplanting hinders that root is difficult to survive, off-season cultivation survives the problem of hardly possible, improves the survival rate of transplanting.Using this
Bright substrate and method for culturing seedlings transplanting survival rate are up to 100%, without seedling-slowing stage；Can be subject to seasonal restrictions with annual transplanting.
3rd, growing-seedling period is shortened, from seed collection to going out garden and only used to cultivate into for 12 months to go out garden and be transplanted to land for growing field crops
Healthy and strong grafting.
4th, the present invention educates the well developed root system of sweet persimmon container seedling, root system and substrate compact winding, and substrate is difficult to be scattered, lifting
It is convenient, it is easy to long-distance transport.
5th, the sweet persimmon container seedling that the present invention is educated, nursery stock is uniformly neat, and manageability is capable of achieving mechanization, intensive, standard
Change nursery.
Specific embodiment
The invention provides a kind of sweet persimmon Medium of Container Seedling, including the raw material of following weight portion：35～40 parts of lives are dirty
Mud, 20～25 parts of edible fungi residues, 30～40 parts of vegetable garden soils and 5 parts of decay sheep excrements.
In the present invention, the domestic sludge is the solid waste in life, containing abundant organic matter, N,
The nutrients such as P, K and middle trace element.The sludge is after high-temperature aerobic fermentation composting, and its harmful substance contents is low
In China《Urban wastewater treatment firm sludge treatment-agricultural shale》(CJ/T 309-2009), is a kind of nutritious fertilizer
Material resource.36～39 parts of domestic sludge is preferably included in the substrate that the present invention is provided, more preferably 37 parts.
In the present invention, the edible fungi residues for large-scale production edible fungi garbage, in bacteria residue rich in Organic substance and
Various mineral elements, and various water soluble nutrients such as edible fungi body protein, secondary metabolite, in addition bacteria residue breathability,
Water-retaining property is stronger, is especially suitable for the growth needs of fruit trees.In the present invention, the species of edible fungi is not limited, Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing,
The cultivation bacteria residue of Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer．, Pleurotus ostreatus, Auricularia etc..The present invention addition edible fungi residues amount be 20～25 weight portions, preferably 22
～24 weight portions.
In the present invention, vegetable garden soil often applies fertilizer farming because of Jing, and preferably, crumb structure is good for fertility.In the present invention, to vegetable garden
Species do not limit, selected from the vegetable garden soil of Routine Management.It is preferred that the addition of vegetable garden soil is 32～34 weight portions.
The a certain amount of sheep stool for becoming thoroughly decomposed of present invention addition, sheep stool is through becoming thoroughly decomposed uniform with domestic sludge, edible fungi residues, vegetable garden soil
Mixing, it is not only good, safe and convenient to use with fertilizer efficiency, also there is disease-resistant growth-promoting, culture fertility, other excrements of animals are not
The using effect of sheep stool can be reached.The weight portion of preferred addition decay sheep excrement of the invention is 5 parts.
The present invention does not have special restriction to the sweat that becomes thoroughly decomposed of sheep stool, is preferably as follows method：Water is sprinkled with sheep stool,
Its water content is guaranteed more than 50%, natural sealing and fermenting obtains the sheep stool for becoming thoroughly decomposed for more than 60 days.It is preferred that in summer sheep stool
Be stacked at it is sunny where sealing and fermenting, be conducive to keep fermentation temperature.In the present invention, fermentation temperature be preferably 45 DEG C～
65 DEG C, more preferably 50 DEG C～60 DEG C.The present invention is not particularly limited to the mode of fermentation sealing, it is preferred to use yellow mud or plastics
Thin film carries out sealing and fermenting to sheep stool.Sheep stool after fermenting is used Jing after slightly drying in the air.
The present invention does not have special restriction to the preparation method of the substrate, by domestic sludge, edible fungi residues, vegetable garden soil and
The sheep stool for having become thoroughly decomposed uniformly mixes according to above-mentioned weight portion, you can be configured to sweet persimmon Medium of Container Seedling.
Present invention also offers a kind of sweet persimmon container seedling culture method, comprises the steps：
Annual developmental branch or bearing basal shoot are gathered in sweet persimmon rest period, husky in the sandy soil of shady and cool moistening Tibetan is embedded in；
After sweet persimmon fruit maturation, sand at low temperature hides lamination after collection seed dries in the shade；
By the presprouting of seeds behind the husky Tibetan, the seed that Jing accelerating germination shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally is seeded in containing base described in claim 1 or 2
In the container of matter, when rootstock seedling grows 3～5 leaves, rootstock seedling is connected into root carrying substrates and is transplanted to containing above-mentioned substrate of the invention
It is beautiful plant in bag, carry out pouring root, water and fertilizer management with root-growing agent after transplanting；
Treat that rootstock seedling grows to ground diameter more than 0.7cm, height of seedling is grafted onto the scion of Sha Zanghou on rootstock seedling when 60cm；
Grow up to when ground diameter is more than 0.8cm, more than height of seedling 80cm whne nursery stock and go out garden.
Preferred acquisition kind of the present invention is pure, tree vigo(u)r is healthy and strong, without malformed fruit and pest and disease damage, rugosity be suitable, development is enriched
Annual developmental branch or bearing basal shoot are used as scion.Rapid moisturizing is husky after collection scion hides, and in being embedded in shady and cool micro- wet sandy soil, prevents
Only moisture evaporation, to keep the vitality of scion, and can postpone the sprout time of branch.Before embedment sandy soil, by scion
Paraffin is sealed up, moisture evaporation can be preferably prevented.And the record for imbedding address is carried out, it is easy to next year to find.The Second Year spring
During its grafting, the scion being embedded in sandy soil is taken out and is used, wrapped up with wet cloth or wet newspaper after taking-up, prevent water loss.
The present invention is in the fall after sweet persimmon fruit maturation, and collection seed dries in the shade Hou Shazang.Under normal circumstances, arrive in late October
During the first tenday period of a month in November fruit maturation, the mature fruit of sweet persimmon stock is gathered, sarcocarp is removed, retain seed.Seed is cleaned into the moon
It is dry, carry out sand at low temperature and hide lamination.It is preferred that spray antibacterial to seed before husky Tibetan lamination carrying out disinfection.Antibacterial may be selected commercially available
Conventional wide-spectrum bactericide.In embodiments of the present invention, it is preferred to use Bravo and carbendazim are carried out to sweet persimmon stock seed
Spray sterilization.The present invention does not have special restriction to the ratio of Bravo and carbendazim, can be matched somebody with somebody using arbitrary proportion
Than.In embodiments of the present invention, the ratio of preferred Bravo and carbendazim is 1:1.Those skilled in the art can be using conventional
Dilution ratio, such as 500 times, 800 times, 1000 times or 1500 times water diluents carry out surface spray disinfectant.Stock in the present invention
Seed sand at low temperature is hidden the temperature of lamination and is preferably 3 DEG C～7 DEG C, more preferably 4 DEG C～5 DEG C；Time is preferably 60d～90d, more excellent
Elect 70d～82d as.
The husky seed hidden after lamination is taken out to carry out heating accelerating germination.Constant temperature accelerating germination is preferably adopted in the embodiment of the present invention, is urged
Bud temperature is 25～30 DEG C, preferably 26～28 DEG C.The present invention is not limited the concrete grammar of accelerating germination, using the normal of this area
Rule accelerating germination mode.Being covered on the seedbed that such as seed is layered on and with thin film carries out heating accelerating germination, or using constant temperature temperature control
Heat accelerating germination.
The seed for just having showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally is selected to be seeded in equipped with substrate described in above-mentioned technical proposal in stock seed after accelerating germination
In container.The present invention does not have special restriction to the container for sowing stock seed, preferably plants hole tray.In the embodiment of the present invention
In, using Medium of Container Seedling of the 50 hole disks equipped with the present invention, a stock seed (i.e. often 50 seeds of disk) is sowed per hole,
Seed is covered with same substrate, cladding thickness is preferably 2～3cm.Hole tray after planting is placed in booth, keeping temperature 25
DEG C～28 DEG C and relative humidity 70%～80%.
When rootstock seedling grows 3～5 leaves, rootstock seedling is connected into root carrying substrates and is transplanted to the U.S. equipped with substrate of the present invention
In planting bag, with root-growing agent pouring root, water and fertilizer management are carried out.
Under normal circumstances, after stock seed sows 25～30d, rootstock seedling just can be transplanted.The present invention plants bag to beautiful
Material be not particularly limited, in embodiments of the present invention, it is preferred to use non-woven fabrics are beautiful to plant bag.It is preferred that the beautiful size for planting bag is length
× wide × a height of 20cm × 20cm × 50cm.The present invention does not have special restriction to root-growing agent, using the conventional commercial of this area
Root-growing agent.Root nurse in the embodiment of the present invention preferably using the production of Compaq Li Nong companies of Germany is dilute with 1500～2000 times
Releasing liquid carries out pouring root.Root water is poured after pouring root, soil is in close contact with root.Later stage is filled when substrate is dried
Irrigate, do not do and do not pour, pour, irrigate.1 fertilizer was sprayed every 7～10 days, nitrogen fertilizer application amount is 25～125mg/ strains, apply phosphate fertilizer amount for 25～
30mg/ strains, potassium application amount is 40～45mg/ strains.Specific method is, according to the ratio of above-mentioned N P and K by carbamide, peroxophosphoric acid
Calcium and potassium chloride are soluble in water, are configured to certain density nutritional solution, and rootstock seedling is sprayed according to the method described above.
Treat that rootstock seedling grows to ground diameter more than 0.7cm, height of seedling is grafted onto the scion of Sha Zanghou on rootstock seedling when 60cm.
Grafting method in the embodiment of the present invention, grafting is carried out using cleft grafting using the conventional grafting method of this area by Seedling.
Water and fertilizer management is carried out after grafting except sprouting in time.U.S. waters in time when planting substrate arid in bag, does not do and does not pour, and pours then
Irrigate；It is soluble in water by a certain amount of carbamide, calcium superphosphate and potassium chloride, every 10 days spray 1 fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer application amount be 25～
125mg/ strains, it is 25～30mg/ strains to apply phosphate fertilizer amount, and potassium application amount is 40～45mg/ strains.
Grow up to when ground diameter is more than 0.8cm, more than height of seedling 80cm whne nursery stock and go out garden, carrying substrates migrate to field production.Move
Survival rate is up to 100% after cultivation, and without seedling-slowing stage, Reducing sugar is good.
With reference to embodiment, the present invention will be described in detail, but they can not be interpreted as to present invention protection
The restriction of scope.
The sweet persimmon kind of the embodiment of the present invention adopts ' too autumn ' sweet persimmon stock ' DIL-3 '.Too the autumn system Japan in 1994 just
The complete sweet persimmon kind that the hybridization (rich × II iG-16) that formula is issued is bred as, China is in 2005 from Japan's introduction, and ' too autumn ' is sweet
Fructus Kaki shows unprecedented fine quality because of it, deep to be favored by market, has become " the upgrading of China's sweet persimmon main producing region at present
Type " kind.The present invention includes but is not limited to the kind.
Embodiment 1
Seedling medium experimental formula is designed
This test adopts mixture experimental designs, and test site is Zoucheng City of Shandong Province perfume cities and towns, and test is altogether from locality
Domestic sludge, edible fungi residues, become thoroughly decomposed 4 kinds of main matrix compositions of vegetable garden soil and sheep stool, 8 matrix formulations is arranged, according to formula to 4
Plant substrate uniformly to mix thoroughly according to volume ratio, every kind of substrate composition 100 is beautiful to plant bags.Simultaneously with composite soil (vegetable garden soil, sand, corruption
Ripe sheep stool volume ratio is 10:9:1) as control, and to substrate disinfection, it is shown in Table 1.
Table 1 ' too autumn ' sweet persimmon Medium of Container Seedling formula test is designed
Each is processed cultivates 100 plants of nursery stock, 8 totally 800 plants of matrix formulations.Specific method for culturing seedlings is as follows：
1st, the collection of seed and sand at low temperature hide lamination：The first tenday period of a month in late October to November gather ' too autumn ' stock ' DIL-3 '
Mature fruit, sarcocarp is removed, and retains seed, seed is cleaned and is dried in the shade, and sprays Bravo：Carbendazim mass ratio is 1:The 1000 of 1
Times water diluent carries out surface spray disinfectant；Sand at low temperature hides lamination, and sand hides 3 DEG C～7 DEG C of temperature, time 60d～90d.
2nd, the collection of scion and process：' too autumn ' sweet persimmon rest period collection kind it is pure, tree vigo(u)r is healthy and strong, without malformed fruit and
Pest and disease damage, rugosity are suitable, development is substantial annual developmental branch or bearing basal shoot, paraffin is sealed up after adopting by scion, is embedded in cool place
Moisturizing is husky in micro- wet sandy soil hides, and carries out the record of embedment address.During Second Year spring grafting, the scion in sandy soil will be embedded in
Taking-up is used, and is wrapped up with wet cloth or wet newspaper after taking-up, prevents water loss.
3rd, stock seed heat accelerating germination with sowing：' DIL-3 ' seed of Sha Zanghou is layered on 25～30 DEG C of seedbed
And covered with thin film and carry out heating accelerating germination, or with constant temperature temperature control 25～30 DEG C heat accelerating germination.The seed that Jing accelerating germination has just been showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally,
In the 50 hole disks equipped with above-mentioned preparation substrate, a seed (i.e. often 50 seeds of disk) is sowed per hole, covered with same substrate
Lid seed, its thickness is 2～3cm, and hole tray is placed in booth and is cultivated.
4th, the transplanting of ' DIL-3 ' rootstock seedling and pouring root：After 25～30d of sowing, treat that ' DIL-3 ' rootstock seedling grows 3～5 leaves
When, the rootstock seedling in hole tray being connected into root carrying substrates and is transplanted in the U.S. plant bag of the non-woven fabrics equipped with above-mentioned preparation substrate, bag is planted by U.S.
Length × width × height is 20cm × 20cm × 50cm.With 1500～2000 times of root nurses (German Compaq Li Nong companies production) after transplanting
Pouring root is carried out, and pours root water, soil is in close contact with root, the later stage is irrigated when substrate is dried, do not done not
Pour, pour, irrigate.
5th, rootstock seedling topdresses：In early April～late May, by a certain amount of carbamide, calcium superphosphate and potassium chloride water is dissolved in
In be configured to nutritional solution, 1 fertilizer was sprayed to rootstock seedling every 7 days, nitrogen fertilizer application amount is 65mg/ strains, applies phosphate fertilizer amount for 28mg/ strains, is applied
Potash fertilizer amount is 42mg/ strains.
6th, grafting：June, rootstock seedling grows to ground diameter more than 0.7cm, and height of seedling starts to carry out cleft grafting by Seedling when 60cm.
7th, the management of grafting：In time except sprouting after grafting, U.S. should water in time when planting substrate arid in bag, do not do and do not pour,
Pour, irrigate.It is soluble in water by a certain amount of carbamide, calcium superphosphate and potassium chloride in early July～late September, every 10 days
1 fertilizer is sprayed to graft stock Seedling, nitrogen fertilizer application amount is 40mg/ strains, it is 28mg/ strains to apply phosphate fertilizer amount, and potassium application amount is 41mg/ strains.
8th, garden is gone out：Then December ' too autumn ' nursery stock grows up to ground diameter to go out garden, band by more than 0.8cm, more than height of seedling 80cm
Substrate transplants field production.
Data survey processing method：' too autumn ' sweet persimmon is determined respectively in July 16 then, August 31 days and October 31 to transfer
Seedlings picking seedling growth height and ground diameter, overall merit is carried out according to seedling ground diameter, height of seedling as index, analyzes different component
Seedling medium is with comparison seedling ground diameter, the impact of Seedling height growth.Ground diameter vernier caliper measurement, height of seedling ruler measures (accurate
To after arithmetic point 2).
Embodiment 2
Substrate physical and chemical property determining
After 9 kinds of matrix formulations soil sample mixing, 1 part of soil sample is respectively stayed for physicochemical property measure.9 kinds of soil samples Jing are air-dried, ground
100 mesh nylon mesh are crossed afterwards.Total nitrogen content therein is determined using sulphuric acid-salicylic acid-catalyst digestion method；Jing sulfonitrics disappear
After change, phosphorus, aas determination potassium are determined using phosphorus vanadium molybdate yellow colorimetric method；The content of organic matter is surveyed with potassium bichromate titrimetric method
It is fixed.
Through processing, its pH value is determined respectively, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium and the content of organic matter, each measure is done three times and put down
OK.
29 groups of different substrates composition analysis results of table
| Substrate code name | pH | Total nitrogen (g/kg) | Total phosphorus (g/kg) | Total potassium (g/kg) | Organic matter (g/kg) |
| P1 | 5.69 | 13.01 | 7.88 | 2.3 | 126.22 |
| P2 | 5.74 | 12.56 | 7.99 | 2.34 | 119.24 |
| P3 | 5.41 | 12.17 | 7.86 | 2.26 | 128.03 |
| P4 | 5.78 | 10.98 | 8.05 | 2.28 | 124.41 |
| P5 | 5.64 | 11.94 | 7.75 | 2.19 | 132.15 |
| P6 | 5.67 | 12.69 | 8.15 | 2.36 | 129.86 |
| P7 | 5.73 | 12.25 | 8.23 | 2.41 | 135.6 |
| P8 | 5.79 | 11.11 | 7.59 | 2.13 | 110.17 |
| P9(CK) | 5.75 | 5.06 | 3.97 | 0.99 | 34.57 |
The pH meansigma methodss of 8 test groups and 1 matched group are maximum for the pH of 5.69, P8 groups, are 5.79.P3 groups pH are minimum,
For 5.41.Minimum and maximum difference 0.38.The total nitrogen content of P1 is 13.01g/kg, is 9 group peaks.And P1 substrate is dirty
One group of cement content highest, illustrates that ratio of the sludge in substrate is proportional with total nitrogen.Content P1 of total phosphorus～P8 contents
Between 7.59g/kg～8.23g/kg, P7 and P6 group total phosphorus content highests, respectively 8.23g/kg and 8.15g/kg, matched group
The total phosphorus content of P9 is significantly lower than other 8 groups.Total potassium content P7 content highests, are 2.41g/kg, next to that P6 groups, are
2.36g/kg, and matched group P9 only 0.99g/kg.P1～P8 group contents of organic matter between 110.17g/kg～135.60g/kg,
P7 and P6 group content of organic matter highests, respectively 135.60g/kg and 129.86g/kg, its matched group P9 is only 34.57g/kg.
As can be seen from Table 2, tetra- groups of P5, P6, P7 and P8 has all four kinds of matrix components, with reference to total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium and organic matter
Content analysis draw, two groups of total nitrogens of P7 and P6, total phosphorus, total potassium and the content of organic matter are apparently higher than P5 and P8 groups, and P7 and P6
Two groups of total phosphorus, total potassium and the content of organic matter are also apparently higher than other test groups, therefore two groups of P7 and P6 are optimal test combinations.
Embodiment 3
Photosynthesis measurement
July 16 measured the photosynthesis index of correlation of grafting nursery stock using the photosynthetic analyzers of ABI6400, and each is processed surveys
3 plants of seedlings, analyze the dependency between nursery stock photosynthetic rate and seedling growth under different substrates proportioning.Using in Excel 2013
Correl statistical functions analyzing each nutritional labeling of soil, photosynthetic rate, ground diameter and the dependency of height of seedling, respectively seek by analysis soil
Form the relation point and photosynthetic rate between.
As known from Table 3, in ' too autumn ' sweet persimmon container seedling of nine kinds of substrate cultures, tetra- kinds of substrate cultures of P1, P2, P3 and P4
' too autumn ' photosynthetic rate of sweet persimmon container seedling is relatively low；The Net Photosynthetic Rate of P7 and electron transport rate are maximum, and respectively 0.71
With 0.80；The transpiration rate and intercellular CO of P92Concentration is maximum, and respectively 0.27 and 0.25；The P7 and P8 on light energy conversion efficiency
Transformation efficiency highest.From the value of each parameter can be seen that the photosynthetic index of P5, P6, P7, P8 and P9 be substantially at it is higher
Level, P9 light energy conversion efficiencies are low, and transpiration rate is big, shows that dry-matter accumulation is poor under matched group substrate, and transpiration breathing is made
With relatively by force, soil water-retaining performance is poor.
Different seedling medium ' too autumn ' the sweet persimmon Seedling photosynthesis relevant parameters of table 3
Embodiment 4
Different substrates ' too autumn ' sweet persimmon grafting ground diameter, the growth analyses of height of seedling
From table 4 and table 5 as can be seen that July 16 measured respectively ' too autumn ' sweet persimmon Seedling height of seedling and ground diameter between each process, it is put down
Average is respectively 19.15cm and 0.31cm, and the wherein height of seedling of P7 substrate and ground diameter value is maximum, respectively 21.01cm and 0.39cm；
Measure in the 45 day time of second measurement from first time, too the height and ground diameter of autumn sweet persimmon seedling enters first time fast-growth
Phase, its meansigma methods is respectively 44.41cm and 0.62cm, P7 and P6 matrix growths are most obvious, and its height of seedling and ground diameter rugosity are substantially high
In other substrate；Measure in 60 day time from third time is measured for the second time, too second of the height and ground diameter of autumn sweet persimmon seedling
Into fast growing period, P7 and P6 matrix growths further show stronger growth vigor, and its height of seedling and ground diameter rugosity are notable
Higher than other substrate, its meansigma methods is respectively 83.31cm and 0.93cm, and it is that optimum substrate is matched somebody with somebody to further illustrate P7 and P6 substrate
Side.
Different seedling medium ' too autumn ' the sweet persimmon seedling height comparative units of table 4：Centimetre
| Substrate code name | The data for measuring for the first time | The data for measuring for the second time | The data that third time is measured |
| P1 | 18.95±2.39 | 42.16±4.44 | 79.18±8.07 |
| P2 | 18.63±2.30 | 37.95±3.95 | 74.32±7.56 |
| P3 | 18.77±2.32 | 39.08±4.11 | 75.55±7.68 |
| P4 | 18.58±2.25 | 35.53±3.24 | 70.08±7.14 |
| P5 | 19.21±2.51 | 49.07±5.01 | 94.01±9.62 |
| P6 | 20.79±2.81 | 57.61±5.60 | 101.19±10.19 |
| P7 | 21.01±2.72 | 59.52±5.76 | 104.50±10.58 |
| P8 | 19.17±2.46 | 47.19±4.98 | 89.76±9.15 |
| P9 | 17.25±2.03 | 31.60±3.17 | 61.17±6.33 |
Different seedling medium ' too autumn ' the sweet persimmon Seedling ground diameter situation comparative units of table 5：Centimetre
| Substrate code name | The data for measuring for the first time | The data for measuring for the second time | The data that third time is measured |
| P1 | 0.29±0.04 | 0.61±0.07 | 0.92±0.11 |
| P2 | 0.27±0.03 | 0.53±0.06 | 0.85±0.10 |
| P3 | 0.28±0.04 | 0.54±0.07 | 0.86±0.10 |
| P4 | 0.25±0.03 | 0.51±0.06 | 0.83±0.10 |
| P5 | 0.34±0.05 | 0.71±0.09 | 1.01±0.12 |
| P6 | 0.37±0.05 | 0.73±0.10 | 1.06±0.13 |
| P7 | 0.39±0.06 | 0.75±0.11 | 1.10±0.15 |
| P8 | 0.31±0.04 | 0.69±0.08 | 0.98±0.12 |
| P9 | 0.25±0.03 | 0.49±0.06 | 0.78±0.09 |
In sum, to ' too autumn ' sweet persimmon container nursery seedling height, Collar diameter growth there is notable shadow in different seedling mediums
Ring.Under 9 kinds of matrix formulations, P7 (35 parts of sludge, 20 parts of mushroom dregs, 40 parts of vegetable garden soils and 5 parts of sheep stool for having become thoroughly decomposed) and P6 (40
Part sludge, 25 parts of mushroom dregs, 30 parts of vegetable garden soils and 5 parts of sheep stool for having become thoroughly decomposed) comparatively two kinds of matrix formulations be best base
Matter formula.
The sweet persimmon container seedling that the present invention is educated, nursery stock is uniformly neat, educates the well developed root system of sweet persimmon container seedling, root system and base
Matter compact winding, substrate is difficult to be scattered, and lifting is convenient.From seed collection to go out garden only used cultivate within 12 months to go out garden move
The healthy and strong grafting to land for growing field crops is planted, transplanting survival rate is up to 100%, without seedling-slowing stage；Can be subject to seasonal restrictions with annual transplanting.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of sweet persimmon Medium of Container Seedling, it is characterised in that including the raw material of following weight portion：35～40 parts of domestic sludges,
20～25 parts of edible fungi residues, 30～40 parts of vegetable garden soils and 5 parts of decay sheep excrements.
2. sweet persimmon Medium of Container Seedling according to claim 1, it is characterised in that including the raw material of following weight portion：37
Part domestic sludge, 24 parts of edible fungi residues, 34 parts of vegetable garden soils and 5 parts of decay sheep excrements.
3. a kind of container seedling culture method of sweet persimmon, it is characterised in that comprise the steps：
Annual developmental branch or bearing basal shoot are gathered in sweet persimmon rest period, husky in the sandy soil of shady and cool moistening Tibetan is embedded in；
After sweet persimmon fruit maturation, sand at low temperature hides lamination after collection seed dries in the shade；
By the presprouting of seeds behind the husky Tibetan, the seed that Jing accelerating germination shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally is seeded in containing substrate described in claim 1 or 2
In container, when rootstock seedling grows 3～5 leaves, rootstock seedling is connected into root carrying substrates and is transplanted to containing base described in claim 1 or 2
The beautiful of matter is planted in bag, and pouring root, water and fertilizer management are carried out with root-growing agent after transplanting；
Treat that rootstock seedling grows to ground diameter more than 0.7cm, height of seedling is grafted onto the scion of Sha Zanghou on rootstock seedling when 60cm；Treat Seedling
Wood grow up to ground diameter for more than 0.8cm, more than height of seedling 80cm when go out garden.
4. method for culturing seedlings according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the accelerating germination adopts constant temperature accelerating germination, the accelerating germination
Temperature is 25～30 DEG C.
5. method for culturing seedlings according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the water and fertilizer management includes water management and fertilizer management,
The water management is：Water during substrate arid, substrate is irrigated；
The fertilizer manages and is：1 fertilizer was sprayed every 7～10 days, nitrogen fertilizer application amount is 25～125mg/ strains, apply phosphate fertilizer amount for 25～
30mg/ strains, potassium application amount is 40～45mg/ strains.
6. method for culturing seedlings according to claim 3, it is characterised in that it is 3 DEG C that the seed sand at low temperature hides the temperature of lamination
～7 DEG C, the time is 60d～90d.
7. method for culturing seedlings according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the seed also includes in Sha Zangqian：To collecting
Seed using antibacterial sterilize.
8. method for culturing seedlings according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the root-growing agent is root nurse, dilution times when using
Number is 1500～2000 times.
9. method for culturing seedlings according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the container of the seed sowing after the accelerating germination is 50 holes
Hole tray.
10. method for culturing seedlings according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the husky Tibetan method of the scion is：Scion is sealed up
Paraffin, in embedment sandy soil.
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| CN108207548A (en) * | 2018-01-05 | 2018-06-29 | 武汉市农业科学院 | A kind of light cultivation matrix of potting persimmon and preparation method thereof |
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| CN111990086A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2020-11-27 | 衢州市柯城区林业种子种苗站 | Grafting planting method for Taiqiu sweet persimmons |
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| CN108207548A (en) * | 2018-01-05 | 2018-06-29 | 武汉市农业科学院 | A kind of light cultivation matrix of potting persimmon and preparation method thereof |
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| CN109588263A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-04-09 | 中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所 | A kind of sweet tea persimmon Medium of Container Seedling and its method for culturing seedlings |
| CN111990086A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2020-11-27 | 衢州市柯城区林业种子种苗站 | Grafting planting method for Taiqiu sweet persimmons |
| CN111990086B (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2022-02-25 | 衢州市柯城区林业种子种苗站 | Grafting planting method for Taiqiu sweet persimmons |
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