CN109566293A - A kind of method for culturing seedlings of organic vegetable - Google Patents
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of organic vegetable Download PDFInfo
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- CN109566293A CN109566293A CN201910058574.7A CN201910058574A CN109566293A CN 109566293 A CN109566293 A CN 109566293A CN 201910058574 A CN201910058574 A CN 201910058574A CN 109566293 A CN109566293 A CN 109566293A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for culturing seedlings of organic vegetable, belong to field of planting.Including seed treatment, matrix prepares and seedling management, is impregnated in plantation processing using warm water, prepares from below to up to include water conservation layer, breathing layer and nutritive layer in matrix, by the difference of gas-water ratio at all levels, and changes the content of oxygen；And blue light illumination is added in management in seedling stage.The present invention substantially increases gas-water ratio, promotes root cell breathing, increases the supply of oxygen.Add blue light illumination in management in seedling stage, can increase photosynthesis, improve chlorophyll content, at the same can strong root, adjust endogenous hormones, promote growth, promote growing way, shorten the canopy time out.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of planting, and in particular to a kind of method for culturing seedlings of organic vegetable.
Background technique
Organic vegetable often cultivates seed and seedling by seedling medium, and nursery is as the key in vegetables production
Link is one of the key measures for improving vegetables production comprehensive benefit.Existing nursery uses substrate seedling, but nursery
In the process, since root system fragility, transport and survival are affected to some extent, while nursery oxygen supply in the soil
Shortcomings extend the budding time.
Summary of the invention
The invention proposes a kind of buddings fastly, root is strong, and the organic vegetable that root oxygen supply is sufficient, growing way is fast is educated
Seedling-growing method.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of organic vegetable, includes the following steps:
(1) seed treatment: by vegetable seeds 30-50 DEG C at a temperature of impregnate；There is crack and crack to seed coat
Rate reaches 70%, can pick up seed, and the water of the surface of the seed siphons away, and makes dry tack free；It is spare；
(2) matrix prepares: using hole plate seedling growth, seedling medium is put into hole tray, the matrix includes protecting from below to up
Water layer, breathing layer and nutritive layer；
The nutritive layer includes following components ratio: slag ash: thin vermiculite: wormcast=1:(1-2): (3-5)；
The breathing layer includes following components ratio: rock wool: thick vermiculite: decomposed manure=(3-5): (1-2): 1；
The water conservation layer includes following components ratio: rock wool: cotton seed hulls=(2-3): 1；
The thickness proportion of the water conservation layer, breathing layer and nutritive layer is 1:(2-3): (3-5)；
(3) it sows: matrix is put into hole tray, watering adjusts water content of substrate to 35%-40%, and seed is put into hole tray
In, it is covered with the matrix of the nutritive layer on surface layer；
(4) seedling management: seed is kept the temperature after covering, and the seedling growth phase remains that matrix is wet, after rice shoot is grown, often
Its 06:00-09:00 and 16:00-19:00 supplements blue light illumination to rice shoot.
Further, the partial size of thin vermiculite is 1-2mm in step (2).
Further, the partial size of thick vermiculite is 4-8mm in step (2).
Further, decomposed manure raw material described in step (2) includes the parts by weight of following components: rice husk stalk 80-
100 parts, 30-50 parts of peanut shell, 20-30 parts of sugar residue, 40-60 parts of bacteria residue, 30-50 parts of chicken manure, 20-40 parts of sediment of pond, sheep dung
20-30 parts, 20-40 parts of pig manure.
Further, decomposed manure raw material described in step (2) includes the parts by weight of following components: rice husk stalk 80-
90 parts, 35-40 parts of peanut shell, 20-25 parts of sugar residue, 40-50 parts of bacteria residue, 30-40 parts of chicken manure, 20-30 parts of sediment of pond, sheep dung
20-30 parts, 30-40 parts of pig manure.
The preparation method of the decomposed manure, comprising the following steps:
1) chicken manure, sediment of pond, sheep dung and pig manure are mixed, passes through 120-140 DEG C of high-temperature sterilization；Remove disease therein
Poison and worm's ovum；
2) chicken manure, sediment of pond, sheep dung, the pig manure after rice husk stalk, peanut shell, sugar residue and disinfection are sufficiently mixed, are sprayed
Yeast agent aqueous solution is spilt, compost 30-50 days, it was 38-45 DEG C that regular turnover, which controls temperature in heap, obtained compost；
3) compost and bacteria residue are sufficiently mixed to get decomposed manure.
Further, the concentration in the yeast agent aqueous solution is 25-30%.
The method for culturing seedlings of organic vegetable of the present invention, the beneficial effect is that:
(1) seed soaks out epidermis column trace by warm water, shortens the time of budding, improves bud ratio；
(2) matrix includes water conservation layer, breathing layer and nutritive layer from below to up, uses rock wool and thick vermiculite in breathing layer, greatly
Gas-water ratio is improved greatly, is promoted root cell breathing, is increased the supply of oxygen.
(3) blue light illumination is added in management in seedling stage, photosynthesis can be increased, improve chlorophyll content, while can
Strong root adjusts endogenous hormones, promotes growth, promotes growing way, shortens the canopy time out.
(4) in decomposed organic fertilizer, high-temperature sterilization is first passed through, removes virus therein and worm's ovum, reduces rice shoot lesion, and
Each component nutrition is balanced, promotes growth.
Specific embodiment
It is next combined with specific embodiments below that present invention be described in more detail.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of organic vegetable, includes the following steps:
One, seed treatment: by vegetable seeds 45 DEG C at a temperature of impregnate；There is crack to seed coat and cracking rate reaches
To 70%, seed can be picked up, the water of the surface of the seed siphons away, and makes dry tack free；It is spare；
Two, matrix prepares: using hole plate seedling growth, seedling medium is put into hole tray, the matrix includes protecting from below to up
Water layer, breathing layer and nutritive layer；
Nutritive layer includes following components ratio: slag ash: thin vermiculite: wormcast=1:2:4；The partial size of thin vermiculite is 1-
2mm；
Breathing layer includes following components ratio: rock wool: thick vermiculite: decomposed manure=5:2:1；The partial size of thick vermiculite is 4-
8mm；
Being retained layer includes following components ratio: rock wool: cotton seed hulls=2:1；
The thickness proportion for being retained layer, breathing layer and nutritive layer is 1:2:4；
Decomposed manure raw material includes the parts by weight of following components: rice husk stalk 80, peanut shell 30, sugar residue 20, bacteria residue 40
Part, 30 parts of chicken manure, 20 parts of sediment of pond, 20 parts of sheep dung, 20 parts of pig manure；The preparation method of decomposed manure, comprising the following steps:
1) chicken manure, sediment of pond, sheep dung and pig manure are mixed, passes through 120-140 DEG C of high-temperature sterilization；Remove disease therein
Poison and worm's ovum；
2) chicken manure, sediment of pond, sheep dung, the pig manure after rice husk stalk, peanut shell, sugar residue and disinfection are sufficiently mixed, are sprayed
The yeast agent aqueous solution that concentration is 25-30% is spilt, compost 30-50 days, it was 38-45 DEG C that regular turnover, which controls temperature in heap, was obtained
To compost；
3) compost and bacteria residue are sufficiently mixed to get decomposed manure.
Three, it sows: matrix is put into hole tray, watering adjusts water content of substrate to 35%-40%, and seed is put into hole tray
In, it is covered with the matrix of the nutritive layer on surface layer；
Four, seedling management: seed is kept the temperature after covering, and the seedling growth phase remains that matrix is wet, after rice shoot is grown, often
Its 06:00-09:00 and 16:00-19:00 supplements blue light illumination to rice shoot.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of organic vegetable, includes the following steps:
One, seed treatment: by vegetable seeds 45 DEG C at a temperature of impregnate；There is crack to seed coat and cracking rate reaches
To 70%, seed can be picked up, the water of the surface of the seed siphons away, and makes dry tack free；It is spare；
Two, matrix prepares: using hole plate seedling growth, seedling medium is put into hole tray, the matrix includes protecting from below to up
Water layer, breathing layer and nutritive layer；
Nutritive layer includes following components ratio: slag ash: thin vermiculite: wormcast=1:1:5；The partial size of thin vermiculite is 1-
2mm；
Breathing layer includes following components ratio: rock wool: thick vermiculite: decomposed manure=3:1:1；The partial size of thick vermiculite is 4-
8mm；
Being retained layer includes following components ratio: rock wool: cotton seed hulls=1:1；
The thickness proportion for being retained layer, breathing layer and nutritive layer is 1:2:5；
Decomposed manure raw material includes the parts by weight of following components: 100 parts of rice husk stalk, 50 parts of peanut shell, 30 parts of sugar residue,
60 parts of bacteria residue, 50 parts of chicken manure, 40 parts of sediment of pond, 30 parts of sheep dung, 40 parts of pig manure；The preparation method of decomposed manure, including with
Lower step:
1) chicken manure, sediment of pond, sheep dung and pig manure are mixed, passes through 120-140 DEG C of high-temperature sterilization；Remove disease therein
Poison and worm's ovum；
2) chicken manure, sediment of pond, sheep dung, the pig manure after rice husk stalk, peanut shell, sugar residue and disinfection are sufficiently mixed, are sprayed
The yeast agent aqueous solution that concentration is 25-30% is spilt, compost 30-50 days, it was 38-45 DEG C that regular turnover, which controls temperature in heap, was obtained
To compost；
3) compost and bacteria residue are sufficiently mixed to get decomposed manure.
Three, it sows: matrix is put into hole tray, watering adjusts water content of substrate to 35%-40%, and seed is put into hole tray
In, it is covered with the matrix of the nutritive layer on surface layer；
Four, seedling management: seed is kept the temperature after covering, and the seedling growth phase remains that matrix is wet, after rice shoot is grown, often
Its 06:00-09:00 and 16:00-19:00 supplements blue light illumination to rice shoot.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of organic vegetable, includes the following steps:
One, seed treatment: by vegetable seeds 45 DEG C at a temperature of impregnate；There is crack to seed coat and cracking rate reaches
To 70%, seed can be picked up, the water of the surface of the seed siphons away, and makes dry tack free；It is spare；
Two, matrix prepares: using hole plate seedling growth, seedling medium is put into hole tray, the matrix includes protecting from below to up
Water layer, breathing layer and nutritive layer；
Nutritive layer includes following components ratio: slag ash: thin vermiculite: wormcast=1:2:4；The partial size of thin vermiculite is 1-
2mm；
Breathing layer includes following components ratio: rock wool: thick vermiculite: decomposed manure=5:2:1；The partial size of thick vermiculite is 4-
8mm；
Being retained layer includes following components ratio: rock wool: cotton seed hulls=2:1；
The thickness proportion for being retained layer, breathing layer and nutritive layer is 1:3:5；
Decomposed manure raw material includes the parts by weight of following components: 90 parts of rice husk stalk, 35 parts of peanut shell, 25 parts of sugar residue,
50 parts of bacteria residue, 40 parts of chicken manure, 30 parts of sediment of pond, 25 parts of sheep dung, 30 parts of pig manure；The preparation method of decomposed manure, including with
Lower step:
1) chicken manure, sediment of pond, sheep dung and pig manure are mixed, passes through 120-140 DEG C of high-temperature sterilization；Remove disease therein
Poison and worm's ovum；
2) chicken manure, sediment of pond, sheep dung, the pig manure after rice husk stalk, peanut shell, sugar residue and disinfection are sufficiently mixed, are sprayed
The yeast agent aqueous solution that concentration is 25-30% is spilt, compost 30-50 days, it was 38-45 DEG C that regular turnover, which controls temperature in heap, was obtained
To compost；
3) compost and bacteria residue are sufficiently mixed to get decomposed manure.
Three, it sows: matrix is put into hole tray, watering adjusts water content of substrate to 35%-40%, and seed is put into hole tray
In, it is covered with the matrix of the nutritive layer on surface layer；
Four, seedling management: seed is kept the temperature after covering, and the seedling growth phase remains that matrix is wet, after rice shoot is grown, often
Its 06:00-09:00 and 16:00-19:00 supplements blue light illumination to rice shoot.
Embodiment 4
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of organic vegetable, includes the following steps:
One, seed treatment: by vegetable seeds 45 DEG C at a temperature of impregnate；There is crack to seed coat and cracking rate reaches
To 70%, seed can be picked up, the water of the surface of the seed siphons away, and makes dry tack free；It is spare；
Two, matrix prepares: using hole plate seedling growth, seedling medium is put into hole tray, the matrix includes protecting from below to up
Water layer, breathing layer and nutritive layer；
Nutritive layer includes following components ratio: slag ash: thin vermiculite: wormcast=1:2:4；The partial size of thin vermiculite is 1-
2mm；
Breathing layer includes following components ratio: rock wool: thick vermiculite: decomposed manure=5:2:1；The partial size of thick vermiculite is 4-
8mm；
Being retained layer includes following components ratio: rock wool: cotton seed hulls=2:1；
The thickness proportion for being retained layer, breathing layer and nutritive layer is 1:2:5；
Decomposed manure raw material includes the parts by weight of following components: 90 parts of rice husk stalk, 35 parts of peanut shell, 25 parts of sugar residue,
50 parts of bacteria residue, 40 parts of chicken manure, 30 parts of sediment of pond, 25 parts of sheep dung, 30 parts of pig manure；The preparation method of decomposed manure, including with
Lower step:
1) chicken manure, sediment of pond, sheep dung and pig manure are mixed, passes through 120-140 DEG C of high-temperature sterilization；Remove disease therein
Poison and worm's ovum；
2) chicken manure, sediment of pond, sheep dung, the pig manure after rice husk stalk, peanut shell, sugar residue and disinfection are sufficiently mixed, are sprayed
The yeast agent aqueous solution that concentration is 25-30% is spilt, compost 30-50 days, it was 38-45 DEG C that regular turnover, which controls temperature in heap, was obtained
To compost；
3) compost and bacteria residue are sufficiently mixed to get decomposed manure.
Three, it sows: matrix is put into hole tray, watering adjusts water content of substrate to 35%-40%, and seed is put into hole tray
In, it is covered with the matrix of the nutritive layer on surface layer；
Four, seedling management: seed is kept the temperature after covering, and the seedling growth phase remains that matrix is wet, after rice shoot is grown, often
Its 06:00-09:00 and 16:00-19:00 supplements blue light illumination to rice shoot.
It is provided for the embodiments of the invention technical solution above to be described in detail, specific case used herein
The principle and embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention are expounded, the explanation of above embodiments is only applicable to help to understand this
The principle of inventive embodiments；At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to an embodiment of the present invention, in specific embodiment party
There will be changes in formula and application range, in conclusion the contents of this specification are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method for culturing seedlings of organic vegetable, characterized by the following steps:
(1) seed treatment: by vegetable seeds 30-50 DEG C at a temperature of impregnate；There is crack to seed coat and cracking rate reaches
To 70%, seed can be picked up, the water of the surface of the seed siphons away, and makes dry tack free；It is spare；
(2) matrix prepares: use hole plate seedling growth, be put into seedling medium in hole tray, the matrix include from below to up water conservation layer,
Breathe layer and nutritive layer；
The nutritive layer includes following components ratio: slag ash: thin vermiculite: wormcast=1:(1-2): (3-5)；
The breathing layer includes following components ratio: rock wool: thick vermiculite: decomposed manure=(3-5): (1-2): 1；
The water conservation layer includes following components ratio: rock wool: cotton seed hulls=(2-3): 1；
The thickness proportion of the water conservation layer, breathing layer and nutritive layer is 1:(2-3): (3-5)；
(3) it sows: matrix is put into hole tray, seed is put into hole tray by watering adjusting water content of substrate to 35%-40%,
With the matrix covering of the nutritive layer on surface layer；
(4) seedling management: seed is kept the temperature after covering, and the seedling growth phase remains that matrix is wet, after rice shoot is grown, daily
06:00-09:00 and 16:00-19:00 supplements blue light illumination to rice shoot.
2. the method for culturing seedlings of organic vegetable according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the partial size of thin vermiculite is in step (2)
1-2mm。
3. the method for culturing seedlings of organic vegetable according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the partial size of thick vermiculite is in step (2)
4-8mm。
4. the method for culturing seedlings of organic vegetable according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: decomposed manure described in step (2)
Raw material includes the parts by weight of following components: 80-100 parts of rice husk stalk, 30-50 parts of peanut shell, 20-30 parts of sugar residue, bacteria residue 40-60
Part, 30-50 parts of chicken manure, 20-40 parts of sediment of pond, 20-30 parts of sheep dung, 20-40 parts of pig manure.
5. the method for culturing seedlings of organic vegetable according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: decomposed manure described in step (2)
Raw material includes the parts by weight of following components: 80-90 parts of rice husk stalk, 35-40 parts of peanut shell, 20-25 parts of sugar residue, bacteria residue 40-50
Part, 30-40 parts of chicken manure, 20-30 parts of sediment of pond, 20-30 parts of sheep dung, 30-40 parts of pig manure.
6. according to claim 1 with the method for culturing seedlings of 5 organic vegetables, it is characterised in that: the preparation of the decomposed manure
Method, comprising the following steps:
1) chicken manure, sediment of pond, sheep dung and pig manure are mixed, passes through 120-140 DEG C of high-temperature sterilization；Remove it is therein virus and
Worm's ovum；
2) chicken manure, sediment of pond, sheep dung, the pig manure after rice husk stalk, peanut shell, sugar residue and disinfection are sufficiently mixed, spray ferment
Female microbial inoculum aqueous solution, compost 30-50 days, it was 38-45 DEG C that regular turnover, which controls temperature in heap, obtained compost；
3) compost and bacteria residue are sufficiently mixed to get decomposed manure.
7. the method for culturing seedlings of organic vegetable according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: dense in the yeast agent aqueous solution
Degree is 25-30%.
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| CN113475358A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-10-08 | 河北万仁农业科技有限公司 | Vegetable seedling raising substrate and preparation method thereof |
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