CN103621391B - Vegetable plug seedling composite substrate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Vegetable plug seedling composite substrate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103621391B CN103621391B CN201310654285.6A CN201310654285A CN103621391B CN 103621391 B CN103621391 B CN 103621391B CN 201310654285 A CN201310654285 A CN 201310654285A CN 103621391 B CN103621391 B CN 103621391B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a vegetable plug seedling composite substrate and a preparation method thereof. The substrate comprises the following components in percentage by volume: 60-80 percent of chestnut shell and/or peanut shell composting product, 10-20 percent of thoroughly decomposed chicken manure and/or pig manure and 10-30 percent of furnace slag ash and/or perlite. The preparation method comprises the following steps: treating chestnut shell and/or peanut shell and chicken manure and/or pig manure by piling and covering a film for decomposing; smashing waste furnace ash slag and sieving; fully and uniformly mixing the obtained chestnut shell and/or peanut shell composting product, the thoroughly decomposed chicken manure and/or pig manure and the furnace slag ash and/or perlite to obtain the composite substrate. In the composite substrate, the waste chestnut shell and/or peanut shell, chicken manure and/or pig manure and furnace slag ash and/or perlite are taken as raw materials which are readily available, so that waste is turned into wealth, resources are saved, and the local environmental pollution is lowered; more importantly, the composite substrate is lower in cost than the conventional substrate but higher in nutrition than the conventional composite substrate, and has a good seedling effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of vegetable plug seedling composite interstitial substance and preparation method thereof, be especially applicable to Solanaceae class plant, as the point disk seedling growing composite interstitial substance of eggplant, capsicum, tomato and potato etc., belong to the technical field of vegetable plug seedling substrate.
Background technology
At present, Solanaceae class, gourd vegetables seedling medium mainly contain rock wool, thin vermiculite, the peat composed of rotten mosses (peat), perlite, wood sawdust, carbonization rice husk, cotton seed hulls, fine sand and fertilizer etc., existing wherein a kind of alone, and what also have wherein is several comprehensive mixed.Rock wool is mainly by import, and skewness in the host countries of the resources such as thin vermiculite, the peat composed of rotten mosses and perlite and resource-constrained, the few and processing trouble relatively of carbonization rice husk amount, the local resources such as wood sawdust, cotton seed hulls and fine sand are not enough and utilization ways is many, and fertilizer cost is high.Because material source is by restriction that is regional and cost, from production long term growth, these matrix all do not meet the demand of local extensive grow seedlings of vegetable, therefore, must develop the matrix being applicable to local extensive grow seedlings of vegetable.
Chestnut shell and peanut shell are plant shell, are generally difficult to be used, and usually with the mode process of burning, but burning can produce a large amount of cigarettes, contaminated air.The maximum problem in chicken farm and piggery is exactly the process problem of chicken manure and pig manure, usually be also that chestnut shell and peanut shell are discarded in certain area, so not only waste resource, and cause air pollution, also easy breed bacteria, fly etc. because of chicken manure and pig manure niff.If discarded slag ash is not used after the generating of thermal power plant, not only wants land occupation resource to put in order to village, and serious environmental pollution can be caused.Along with developing rapidly of vegetables industry, booth vegetable production scale constantly expands, lack and be applicable to the seedling medium of vegetable production extensive development and become one of outstanding problem hindering industry development, how to make good use of the chestnut shell of these waste gas and peanut shell, chestnut shell and peanut shell, slag ash becomes an extremely urgent task to the seedling medium developing applicable local vegetable production extensive development.
Summary of the invention
For solving above-mentioned prior art Problems existing, the invention provides a kind of vegetable plug seedling composite interstitial substance and preparation method thereof, this matrix with discarded chestnut shell and/or peanut shell, chicken manure and/or pig manure, slag ash and/or perlite for raw material, gather materials on the spot, turn waste into wealth, saved resource, decrease environmental pollution, comparatively conventional composite matrix is low to the most important thing is this composite interstitial substance cost, and nutrient is higher than conventional composite matrix, and nursery effect is good.
Realizing the technical scheme that the object of the invention takes is:
In this matrix, the percent by volume of each component is: chestnut shell and/or peanut shell compost product 60% ~ 80%, Chicken dung and/or pig manure 10% ~ 20%, and slag ash and/or perlite 10% ~ 30%.
The unit weight of described composite interstitial substance is 0.2 ~ 0.4g/cm
3, water-holding porosity is 20% ~ 40%, and pH value is 5.5 ~ 6.0, and the content of organic matter is 117 ~ 221g/kg, and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content is 523 ~ 572mg/kg, and available phosphorus content is 75 ~ 127mg/kg, and quick-acting potassium content is 153 ~ 212mg/kg.
Present invention also offers the preparation method of this vegetable plug seedling composite interstitial substance, first adopt heap, epiphragma rot method chestnut shell and/or peanut shell, chicken manure and/or pig manure are processed, again discarded boiler ash sediment is pulverized, sieved, finally the chestnut shell obtained and/or peanut shell compost product, Chicken dung and/or pig manure, boiler ash sediment or perlite are fully mixed, obtain this composite interstitial substance, the concrete operation step of the method is as follows:
1) after chestnut shell and/or peanut shell being pulverized, heap, rise, spreading decomposing agent and epiphragma, under 60 ~ 80 DEG C of conditions, stack retting is to fully rotting, and spreads out and dries, and crosses 5 ~ 10 objects and sieves, getting particle diameter is 5 ~ 10 object particles, obtains chestnut shell and/or peanut shell compost product;
2) chicken manure and/or pig manure are added water after epiphragma, under 60 ~ 80 DEG C of conditions, stack retting is to becoming thoroughly decomposed, and spreads out and dries, and obtains Chicken dung and/or pig manure;
3) pulverized by slag ash discarded for thermal power plant, after 5 ~ 10 objects are sieved excessively, getting particle diameter is 5 ~ 10 object particles, obtains slag ash;
4) according to the formulation ratio of this vegetable plug seedling composite interstitial substance by chestnut shell and/or peanut shell compost product, Chicken dung and/or pig manure, and perlite and/or slag ash mixing, after fully mixing, obtain vegetable plug seedling composite interstitial substance.
Beneficial effect of the present invention and advantage are:
1, vegetable plug seedling composite interstitial substance provided by the invention with discarded chestnut shell and/or peanut shell, chicken manure and/or pig manure, slag ash and/or perlite for raw material, instead of the thin vermiculite of base starting material and the peat composed of rotten mosses that generally use in current traditional seedling medium, not only can gather materials on the spot, turn waste into wealth, the waste resource of Appropriate application locality, both achieve the sustainable use of resource, additionally reduce environmental pollution; And the exhaustive exploitation of the thin vermiculite of non-renewable resources and the peat composed of rotten mosses can be reduced, safeguard ecological sustainable development.
Comparatively conventional composite matrix is low for the cost of 2, vegetable plug seedling composite interstitial substance provided by the invention, and its cost is approximately 14 yuan/50 liters, and compared with conventional composite matrix, cost will save 6 ~ 16 yuan/50 liters.Show through nursery effect comparative trial, the nursery effect of this composite interstitial substance is better than conventional composite matrix.From the result of nursery effect comparative test, the morphological indexs such as the seeding stage of the pepper seedling that this composite interstitial substance is cultivated, neat seedling stage, bud ratio, survival rate, blade situation and root system situation are all better than the pepper seedling that conventional composite matrix is cultivated, and on plant height and the stem morphological index such as slightly, be slightly worse than the pepper seedling that conventional composite matrix cultivates, the pepper seedling raising of two kinds of matrix cultivations is close on this morphological index of the number of blade, composite score can be found out, the nursery effect of this composite interstitial substance is better than the nursery effect of conventional composite matrix.In a word, the advantage of this composite interstitial substance nursery is: emerge fast, survival rate is up to 89%, Miao Zhuan, and damage by disease and insect incidence is low, the delicate prosperity of root system, transplants and turns green soon.
3, vegetable plug seedling composite interstitial substance provided by the invention is compared with conventional composite matrix; its unit weight is smaller; be conducive to protecting seedlings root; pH value is more smaller than conventional composite matrix; the stronger growth in solanaceous vegetables seedling (pH value as suitable in pepper seedling raising is 5.5 ~ 6.5); organic and the nutrient needed for growth of seedling such as alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium all higher than conventional composite matrix, advantageously in the growth of seedling.
Adopt in the preparation method of 4, vegetable plug seedling composite interstitial substance provided by the invention heap, method that epiphragma rots processes chestnut shell or peanut shell and chicken manure and/or pig manure, the method is simple to operate, small investment, and cost is extremely low.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is specifically described.
Embodiment 1
1) after being pulverized by chestnut shell, heap, rise, spreading decomposing agent and epiphragma, under 60 ~ 80 DEG C of conditions, stack retting is to fully rotting, and spreads out and dries, and cross 10 objects and sieve, getting particle diameter is 10 object particles, obtains chestnut shell compost product;
2) added water by chicken manure after epiphragma, under 60 ~ 80 DEG C of conditions, stack retting is to becoming thoroughly decomposed, and spreads out and dries, and obtains Chicken dung;
3) pulverized by slag ash discarded for thermal power plants, after 10 objects are sieved excessively, getting particle diameter is 10 object particles, obtains slag ash;
4) 80dm is got
3chestnut shell compost product 10dm
3chicken dung and 10dm
3slag ash, above-mentioned got each component is added matrix agitator, is uniformly mixed, obtain this vegetable plug seedling composite interstitial substance.
In this vegetable dish cave seedling composite substrate, the percent by volume of each component is: chestnut shell compost product 80%, Chicken dung 10% and slag ash 10%.
Embodiment 2
1) after chestnut shell and peanut shell being pulverized, heap, rise, spreading decomposing agent and epiphragma, under 60 ~ 80 DEG C of conditions, stack retting is to fully rotting, and spreads out and dries, and cross 5 objects and sieve, getting particle diameter is 5 object particles, obtains chestnut shell compost product;
2) chicken manure and pig manure are concentrated, after the epiphragma that adds water, stack retting is to becoming thoroughly decomposed under 60 ~ 80 DEG C of conditions, spreads out and dries, and obtains Chicken dung and pig manure;
3) pulverized by slag ash discarded for thermal power plants, after 5 objects are sieved excessively, getting particle diameter is 5 object particles, obtains slag ash;
4) 60dm is got
3chestnut shell and peanut shell compost product, 10dm
3chicken dung and pig manure and 30dm
3slag ash, above-mentioned got each component is added matrix agitator, is uniformly mixed, obtain this vegetable plug seedling composite interstitial substance.
In this vegetable dish cave seedling composite substrate, the percent by volume of each component is: chestnut shell and peanut shell compost product 60%, Chicken dung and pig manure 10% and slag ash 30%.
Embodiment 3
1) after being pulverized by peanut shell, heap, rise, spreading decomposing agent and epiphragma, under 60 ~ 80 DEG C of conditions, stack retting is to fully rotting, and spreads out and dries, and cross 8 objects and sieve, getting particle diameter is 8 object particles, obtains peanut shell compost product;
2) pig manure is concentrated, after the epiphragma that adds water, stack retting is to becoming thoroughly decomposed under 60 ~ 80 DEG C of conditions, spreads out and dries, and obtains the pig manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed;
3) pulverized by slag ash discarded for thermal power plants, after 8 objects are sieved excessively, getting particle diameter is 8 object particles, obtains slag ash;
4) 60dm is got
3chestnut shell compost product, 20dm
3become thoroughly decomposed pig manure and 20dm
3slag ash and perlite, above-mentioned got each component is added matrix agitator, is uniformly mixed, obtain this vegetable plug seedling composite interstitial substance.
In this vegetable dish cave seedling composite substrate, the percent by volume of each component is: peanut shell compost product 60%, become thoroughly decomposed pig manure 20%, slag ash and perlite 20%.
Carry out physicochemical property and nutrient test to the vegetable plug seedling composite interstitial substance of embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 preparation, result shows: the unit weight of matrix is 0.2 ~ 0.4g/cm
3, water-holding porosity is 20% ~ 40%, and pH value is 5.5 ~ 6.0, and the content of organic matter is 117 ~ 221g/kg, and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content is 523 ~ 572mg/kg, and available phosphorus content is 75 ~ 127mg/kg, and quick-acting potassium content is 153 ~ 212mg/kg.Visible this matrix is compared with conventional composite matrix; its unit weight is smaller; be conducive to protecting seedlings root; pH value is more smaller than conventional composite matrix; the stronger growth in Solanaceae class seedling (pH value as suitable in pepper seedling raising is 5.5 ~ 6.5); organic and the nutrient needed for growth of seedling such as alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium all higher than conventional composite matrix, advantageously in the growth of seedling.
The comparative trial of vegetable plug seedling composite interstitial substance prepared by the present invention and conventional composite substrate seedling effect
The vegetable plug seedling composite interstitial substance prepare embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 and conventional composite matrix (peat composed of rotten mosses system composite interstitial substance CK that market is bought) carry out nursery comparative trial.
Test vegetable variety: the capsicum variety " red morning of a specified duration is emerald green " that Funan County, Anhui Vegetable Research Institute is bred.
Test period: on July 14th, 2013.
Test site: vegetable grower Li Zehui family of Peng Dian village, Song Bu town booth.
Seedling-cultivating method: point disk seedling growing, employing aperture is the 50 cave lightweight solanaceous vegetables seedling culture hole plate 48 of 5.5cm × 5cm.
Sowing and management condition: the trisodium phosphate solution with 10% disinfects rear presoaking and germinating, prevent virus diseases, epidemic disease, fusarium wilt etc., and cave dish and the seedbed carbendazim of 50% carries out disinfection, and unification is sowed and seedbed routine water and fertilizer management.
Mensuration project: measure that seeding stage of pepper seedling, emergence rate, different times plant height, stem are thick, the upgrowth situation of the number of sheets, survival rate and root system and acrial part.
Assay method: each cave dish random sampling 10 strain, carries out growth of seedling situation statistics, gets the mean value of each dish cave 10 strain, then gets the mean value of every morphological index of three dish cave seedling that same matrix is cultivated.
Measurement result
The result that the vegetable plug seedling composite interstitial substance of embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3 preparation and conventional composite substrate seedling are tested is as shown in the table:
In conjunction with the data of result of the test in upper table, the situation of the pepper seedling of the vegetable plug seedling composite interstitial substance cultivation of integrated embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 preparation, this composite interstitial substance is all better than the pepper seedling of conventional composite matrix cultivation at morphological indexs such as seeding stage, neat seedling stage, bud ratio, survival rate, blade situation and root system situations, and on plant height and the stem morphological index such as slightly, being slightly worse than the pepper seedling raising that conventional composite matrix cultivates, the pepper seedling raising that two kinds of matrix is cultivated is close on this morphological index of the number of blade.Especially the pepper seedling that the vegetable plug seedling composite interstitial substance that prepared by embodiment 1 is cultivated is except plant height and stem are thick and control group is close, and other index is all better than control group.In a word, the nursery situation of this composite interstitial substance is desirable and be slightly better than conventional composite matrix.
The result of nursery effect comparative trial shows: vegetable plug seedling composite interstitial substance provided by the invention can cultivate Solanaceae class vegetable seedling completely, nursery effect is better than the nursery effect of conventional composite matrix, the vegetable seedling cultivated is healthy and strong, upgrowth situation is good, survival rate is high, essentially no seedling-slowing stage after transplanting.
Claims (2)
1. a vegetable plug seedling composite interstitial substance, it is characterized in that: in this matrix, the percent by volume of each component is: chestnut shell and/or peanut shell compost product 60% ~ 80%, Chicken dung and/or pig manure 10% ~ 20%, and slag ash and/or perlite 10% ~ 30%, and the unit weight of described composite interstitial substance is 0.2 ~ 0.4g/cm
3, water-holding porosity is 20% ~ 40%, and pH value is 5.5 ~ 6.0, and the content of organic matter is 117 ~ 221g/kg, and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content is 523 ~ 572mg/kg, and available phosphorus content is 75 ~ 127mg/kg, and quick-acting potassium content is 153 ~ 212mg/kg.
2. the preparation method of vegetable plug seedling composite interstitial substance described in a claim 1, it is characterized in that: first adopt heap, epiphragma rot method chestnut shell and/or peanut shell, chicken manure and/or pig manure are processed, again discarded boiler ash sediment is pulverized, sieved, finally the chestnut shell obtained and/or peanut shell compost product, Chicken dung and/or pig manure, boiler ash sediment or perlite are fully mixed, obtain this composite interstitial substance, the concrete operation step of the method is as follows:
1) chestnut shell and/or peanut shell pulverized, heap, rise, spread decomposing agent after epiphragma, under 60 ~ 80 DEG C of conditions, stack retting is to fully rotting, and spreads out and dries, and crosses 5 ~ 10 objects and sieves, getting particle diameter is 5 ~ 10 object particles, obtains chestnut shell and/or peanut shell compost product;
2) chicken manure and/or pig manure are added water after epiphragma, under 60 ~ 80 DEG C of conditions, stack retting is to becoming thoroughly decomposed, and spreads out and dries, and obtains Chicken dung and/or pig manure;
3) pulverized by slag ash discarded for thermal power plant, after 5 ~ 10 objects are sieved excessively, getting particle diameter is 5 ~ 10 object particles, obtains slag ash;
4) according to the proportioning of claim 1 by chestnut shell and/or peanut shell compost product, Chicken dung and/or pig manure, and perlite and/or slag ash mixing, after fully mixing, obtain this vegetable plug seedling composite interstitial substance.
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| CN109566293A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-04-05 | 云南中康食品有限公司 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings of organic vegetable |
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| CN101731128A (en) * | 2008-11-14 | 2010-06-16 | 王国刚 | Method for preparing medium soil from edible fungus bran |
| CN101663988A (en) * | 2009-09-25 | 2010-03-10 | 肃州区蔬菜技术服务中心 | Special waste-straw used culturing substrate produced in sunlight-greenhouse |
| CN101926278A (en) * | 2010-07-20 | 2010-12-29 | 山东农业大学 | Formula of grass carbon-substituted type medium for culturing solanaceous fruit vegetable seedlings |
| CN102010259A (en) * | 2010-09-17 | 2011-04-13 | 前郭县百禾农业开发有限公司 | Straw matrix and production method thereof |
| CN102211966A (en) * | 2011-06-01 | 2011-10-12 | 甘肃农业大学 | Sunlight greenhouse hot pepper seedling culturing substrate and preparation method thereof |
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Effective date of registration: 20230118 Address after: 438300 Wang Ji Cun, zhongguanyi Town, Macheng City, Huanggang City, Hubei Province Patentee after: Macheng Zhengwang asparagus Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 438300 Agricultural Business Building, North Section of Xiaogan Township Road, Macheng City, Huanggang City, Hubei Province Patentee before: MACHENG VEGETABLE TECHNOLOGY PROMOTION STATIONS |