CN103621391A - Vegetable plug seedling composite substrate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Vegetable plug seedling composite substrate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a vegetable plug seedling composite substrate and a preparation method thereof. The substrate comprises the following components in percentage by volume: 60-80 percent of chestnut shell and/or peanut shell composting product, 10-20 percent of thoroughly decomposed chicken manure and/or pig manure and 10-30 percent of furnace slag ash and/or perlite. The preparation method comprises the following steps: treating chestnut shell and/or peanut shell and chicken manure and/or pig manure by piling and covering a film for decomposing; smashing waste furnace ash slag and sieving; fully and uniformly mixing the obtained chestnut shell and/or peanut shell composting product, the thoroughly decomposed chicken manure and/or pig manure and the furnace slag ash and/or perlite to obtain the composite substrate. In the composite substrate, the waste chestnut shell and/or peanut shell, chicken manure and/or pig manure and furnace slag ash and/or perlite are taken as raw materials which are readily available, so that waste is turned into wealth, resources are saved, and the local environmental pollution is lowered; more importantly, the composite substrate is lower in cost than the conventional substrate but higher in nutrition than the conventional composite substrate, and has a good seedling effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of vegetable plug seedling composite interstitial substance and preparation method thereof, be especially applicable to Solanaceae class plant, as the point disk seedling growing composite interstitial substance of eggplant, capsicum, tomato and potato etc., belong to the technical field of vegetable plug seedling substrate.
Background technology
At present, Solanaceae class, gourd vegetables seedling medium mainly contain rock wool, thin vermiculite, the peat composed of rotten mosses (peat), perlite, wood sawdust, carbonization rice husk, cotton seed hulls, fine sand and fertilizer etc., existing wherein a kind of alone, also have several comprehensive using with wherein.Rock wool is mainly by import, skewness and resource-constrained in the host countries of the resources such as thin vermiculite, the peat composed of rotten mosses and perlite, and the few and processing of carbonization rice husk amount is trouble relatively, local resource deficiencies such as wood sawdust, cotton seed hulls and fine sand and utilize approach many, fertilizer cost is high.Because material source is subject to area and the restriction of cost, from production long term growth, these matrix all do not meet the demand of local extensive grow seedlings of vegetable, therefore, must exploitation be applicable to the local matrix of grow seedlings of vegetable on a large scale.
Chestnut shell and peanut shell are plant shell, are generally difficult to be used, and conventionally in the mode of burning, process, but burn, can produce a large amount of cigarettes, contaminated air.The problem of chicken farm and piggery maximum is exactly the processing problem of chicken manure and pig manure, conventionally be also that chestnut shell and peanut shell are discarded in certain area, so not only waste resource, and because chicken manure and pig manure niff cause air pollution, also easy breed bacteria, fly etc.If discarded slag ash is not used after the generating of thermal power plant, not only wants land occupation resource to put in order to village, and can cause serious environmental pollution.Along with developing rapidly of vegetables industry, booth vegetable production scale constantly expands, the seedling medium that lack to be applicable to the extensive development of vegetable production becomes one of outstanding problem hindering industry development, how to make good use of the chestnut shell of these waste gas and peanut shell, chestnut shell and peanut shell, slag ash and develops the seedling medium that is applicable to the extensive development of local vegetable production and become an extremely urgent task.
Summary of the invention
The problem existing for solving above-mentioned prior art, the invention provides a kind of vegetable plug seedling composite interstitial substance and preparation method thereof, it is raw material that this matrix be take chestnut shell and/or peanut shell, chicken manure and/or pig manure, slag ash and/or the perlite discarded, gather materials on the spot, turn waste into wealth, saved resource, reduced environmental pollution, the most important thing is that this composite interstitial substance cost is low compared with conventional composite matrix, nutrient is higher than conventional composite matrix, and nursery effect is good.
Realizing the technical scheme that the object of the invention takes is:
In this matrix, the percent by volume of each component is: chestnut shell and/or peanut shell compost product 60%～80%, Chicken dung and/or pig manure 10%～20%, and slag ash and/or perlite 10%～30%.
The unit weight of described composite interstitial substance is 0.2～0.4g/cm
3, water-holding porosity is that 20%～40%, pH value is 5.5～6.0, and the content of organic matter is 117～221g/kg, and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content is 523～572mg/kg, and available phosphorus content is 75～127mg/kg, quick-acting potassium content is 153～212mg/kg.
The present invention also provides the preparation method of this vegetable plug seedling composite interstitial substance, first adopt heap, the rotten method of epiphragma to process chestnut shell and/or peanut shell, chicken manure and/or pig manure, again discarded boiler ash sediment is pulverized, sieved, finally the chestnut shell obtaining and/or peanut shell compost product, Chicken dung and/or pig manure, boiler ash sediment or perlite are fully mixed, obtain this composite interstitial substance, the concrete operation step of the method is as follows:
1) chestnut shell and/or peanut shell are pulverized, heap, rise, spread after decomposing agent and epiphragma, under 60～80 ℃ of conditions, stack retting, to fully rotting, is spread out and is dried, and crosses 5～10 objects and sieves, getting particle diameter is 5～10 object particles, obtains chestnut shell and/or peanut shell compost product;
2) chicken manure and/or pig manure are added after water cover film, under 60～80 ℃ of conditions, stack retting, to becoming thoroughly decomposed, is spread out and is dried, and obtains Chicken dung and/or pig manure;
3) the discarded slag ash in thermal power plant is pulverized, after 5～10 objects are sieved excessively, getting particle diameter is 5～10 object particles, obtains slag ash;
4) according to the formulation ratio of this vegetable plug seedling composite interstitial substance by chestnut shell and/or peanut shell compost product, Chicken dung and/or pig manure, and perlite and/or slag ash mix, and after fully mixing, obtains vegetable plug seedling composite interstitial substance.
Beneficial effect of the present invention and advantage are:
1, to take chestnut shell and/or peanut shell, chicken manure and/or pig manure, slag ash and/or the perlite of discarding be raw material to vegetable plug seedling composite interstitial substance provided by the invention, the thin vermiculite of base starting material and the peat composed of rotten mosses that in current traditional seedling medium, generally use have been replaced, not only can gather materials on the spot, turn waste into wealth, rationally utilize local waste resource, both realize the sustainable use of resource, reduced again environmental pollution; And can reduce the exhaustive exploitation of the thin vermiculite of non-renewable resources and the peat composed of rotten mosses, safeguard ecological sustainable development.
2, the cost of vegetable plug seedling composite interstitial substance provided by the invention is low compared with conventional composite matrix, and its cost is approximately 14 yuan/50 liters, compares with conventional composite matrix, and cost will be saved 6～16 yuan/50 liters.Through nursery effect comparative trial, show, the nursery effect of this composite interstitial substance is better than conventional composite matrix.Result from nursery effect comparative test, the morphological indexs such as the seeding stage of the pepper seedling that this composite interstitial substance is cultivated, neat seedling stage, bud ratio, survival rate, blade situation and root system situation are all better than the pepper seedling that conventional composite matrix is cultivated, and slightly etc. on morphological index, be slightly worse than the pepper seedling that conventional composite matrix is cultivated at plant height and stem, the pepper seedling raising of two kinds of matrix cultivations is close on this morphological index of the number of blade, composite score can find out, the nursery effect of this composite interstitial substance is better than the nursery effect of conventional composite matrix.In a word, the advantage that this composite interstitial substance is grown seedlings is: emerge fast, survival rate is up to 89%, and seedling is strong, and damage by disease and insect incidence is low, and the delicate prosperity of root system is transplanted and turned green soon.
3, vegetable plug seedling composite interstitial substance provided by the invention is compared with conventional composite matrix; its unit weight is smaller; be conducive to protect seedlings root; pH value is more smaller than conventional composite matrix; more strong in the growth (pH value as suitable in pepper seedling raising is 5.5～6.5) of solanaceous vegetables seedling; the required nutrient of the growth of seedling such as organic matter and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium, all higher than conventional composite matrix, is conducive to the growth of seedling more.
4, the method adopt to heap in the preparation method of vegetable plug seedling composite interstitial substance provided by the invention, epiphragma being rotten is processed chestnut shell or peanut shell and chicken manure and/or pig manure, and the method is simple to operate, small investment, and cost is extremely low.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is specifically described.
Embodiment 1
1) chestnut shell is pulverized, heaped, rises, spreads after decomposing agent and epiphragma, under 60～80 ℃ of conditions, stack retting, to fully rotting, is spread out and is dried, and crosses 10 objects and sieves, and getting particle diameter is 10 object particles, obtains chestnut shell compost product;
2) chicken manure is added after water cover film, under 60～80 ℃ of conditions, stack retting, to becoming thoroughly decomposed, is spread out and is dried, and obtains Chicken dung;
3) the discarded slag ash of thermal power plants is pulverized, after 10 objects are sieved excessively, getting particle diameter is 10 object particles, obtains slag ash;
4) get 80dm
3chestnut shell compost product 10dm
3chicken dung and 10dm
3slag ash, above-mentioned each component of getting is added to matrix agitator, be uniformly mixed, obtain this vegetable plug seedling composite interstitial substance.
In this vegetable dish cave seedling composite substrate, the percent by volume of each component is: chestnut shell compost product 80%, Chicken dung 10% and slag ash 10%.
Embodiment 2
1) chestnut shell and peanut shell are pulverized, heaped, rise, spread after decomposing agent and epiphragma, under 60～80 ℃ of conditions, stack retting, to fully rotting, is spread out and is dried, and crosses 5 objects and sieves, and getting particle diameter is 5 object particles, obtains chestnut shell compost product;
2) chicken manure and pig manure are concentrated, added after water cover film, under 60～80 ℃ of conditions, stack retting, to becoming thoroughly decomposed, is spread out and is dried, and obtains Chicken dung and pig manure;
3) the discarded slag ash of thermal power plants is pulverized, after 5 objects are sieved excessively, getting particle diameter is 5 object particles, obtains slag ash;
4) get 60dm
3chestnut shell and peanut shell compost product, 10dm
3chicken dung and pig manure and 30dm
3slag ash, above-mentioned each component of getting is added to matrix agitator, be uniformly mixed, obtain this vegetable plug seedling composite interstitial substance.
In this vegetable dish cave seedling composite substrate, the percent by volume of each component is: chestnut shell and peanut shell compost product 60%, Chicken dung and pig manure 10% and slag ash 30%.
Embodiment 3
1) peanut shell is pulverized, heaped, rises, spreads after decomposing agent and epiphragma, under 60～80 ℃ of conditions, stack retting, to fully rotting, is spread out and is dried, and crosses 8 objects and sieves, and getting particle diameter is 8 object particles, obtains peanut shell compost product;
2) pig manure is concentrated, added after water cover film, under 60～80 ℃ of conditions, stack retting, to becoming thoroughly decomposed, is spread out and is dried, and obtains the pig manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed;
3) the discarded slag ash of thermal power plants is pulverized, after 8 objects are sieved excessively, getting particle diameter is 8 object particles, obtains slag ash;
4) get 60dm
3chestnut shell compost product, 20dm
3become thoroughly decomposed pig manure and 20dm
3slag ash and perlite, above-mentioned each component of getting is added to matrix agitator, be uniformly mixed, obtain this vegetable plug seedling composite interstitial substance.
In this vegetable dish cave seedling composite substrate, the percent by volume of each component is: peanut shell compost product 60%, the pig manure 20% that becomes thoroughly decomposed, slag ash and perlite 20%.
The vegetable plug seedling composite interstitial substance of embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 preparations is carried out to physicochemical property and nutrient test, and result shows: the unit weight of matrix is 0.2～0.4g/cm
3, water-holding porosity is that 20%～40%, pH value is 5.5～6.0, and the content of organic matter is 117～221g/kg, and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content is 523～572mg/kg, and available phosphorus content is 75～127mg/kg, quick-acting potassium content is 153～212mg/kg.Visible this matrix is compared with conventional composite matrix; its unit weight is smaller; be conducive to protect seedlings root; pH value is more smaller than conventional composite matrix; more strong in the growth (pH value as suitable in pepper seedling raising is 5.5～6.5) of Solanaceae class seedling; the required nutrient of the growth of seedling such as organic matter and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium, all higher than conventional composite matrix, is conducive to the growth of seedling more.
The comparative trial of vegetable plug seedling composite interstitial substance prepared by the present invention and conventional composite substrate seedling effect
By vegetable plug seedling composite interstitial substance and conventional composite matrix (peat composed of rotten mosses of buying on market the is composite interstitial substance CK) comparative trial of growing seedlings of embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 preparations.
Test vegetable variety: the capsicum variety that Funan County, Anhui Vegetable Research Institute is bred " red morning of a specified duration is emerald green ".
Test period: on July 14th, 2013.
Test site: Peng Dian village, Song Bu town vegetable grower Li Zehui family booth.
Seedling-cultivating method: point disk seedling growing, 48 of the 50 cave lightweight solanaceous vegetables seedling culture hole plates that employing aperture is 5.5cm * 5cm.
Sowing and management condition: with 10% trisodium phosphate solution, disinfect rear presoaking and germinating, prevent virus diseases, epidemic disease, fusarium wilt etc., Pan He seedbed, cave carries out disinfection with 50% carbendazim, the conventional water and fertilizer management in unified sowing and seedbed.
Mensuration project: seeding stage, emergence rate, different times plant height, the stem of measuring pepper seedling are thick, the upgrowth situation of the number of sheets, survival rate and root system and acrial part.
Assay method: each cave dish random sampling 10 strain, carry out growth of seedling situation statistics, get the mean value of each dish cave 10 strain, then get three mean values that coil every morphological index of cave seedling that same matrix is cultivated.
Measurement result
The result of the vegetable plug seedling composite interstitial substance of embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3 preparations and the test of conventional composite substrate seedling is as shown in the table:
Data in conjunction with result of the test in upper table, the situation of the pepper seedling that the vegetable plug seedling composite interstitial substance of comprehensive embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 preparations is cultivated, this composite interstitial substance is all better than at morphological indexs such as seeding stage, neat seedling stage, bud ratio, survival rate, blade situation and root system situations the pepper seedling that conventional composite matrix is cultivated, and slightly etc. on morphological index, being slightly worse than the pepper seedling raising that conventional composite matrix is cultivated at plant height and stem, the pepper seedling raising that two kinds of matrix is cultivated is close on this morphological index of the number of blade.Especially the pepper seedling that the vegetable plug seedling composite interstitial substance of embodiment 1 preparation is cultivated is except plant height with stem is thick and control group is close, and other index is all better than control group.In a word, the situation of growing seedlings of this composite interstitial substance is desirable and be slightly better than conventional composite matrix.
The result of nursery effect comparative trial shows: vegetable plug seedling composite interstitial substance provided by the invention can be cultivated Solanaceae class vegetable seedling completely, nursery effect is better than the nursery effect of conventional composite matrix, the vegetable seedling of cultivating is healthy and strong, upgrowth situation is good, survival rate is high, essentially no seedling-slowing stage after transplanting.
Claims (3)
1. a vegetable plug seedling composite interstitial substance, it is characterized in that: in this matrix, the percent by volume of each component is: chestnut shell and/or peanut shell compost product 60%～80%, Chicken dung and/or pig manure 10%～20%, and slag ash and/or perlite 10%～30%.
2. vegetable plug seedling composite interstitial substance according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the unit weight of described composite interstitial substance is 0.2～0.4g/cm
3, water-holding porosity is that 20%～40%, pH value is 5.5～6.0, and the content of organic matter is 117～221g/kg, and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content is 523～572mg/kg, and available phosphorus content is 75～127mg/kg, quick-acting potassium content is 153～212mg/kg.
3. the preparation method of vegetable plug seedling composite interstitial substance described in a claim 1, it is characterized in that: first adopt heap, the rotten method of epiphragma to process chestnut shell and/or peanut shell, chicken manure and/or pig manure, again discarded boiler ash sediment is pulverized, sieved, finally the chestnut shell obtaining and/or peanut shell compost product, Chicken dung and/or pig manure, boiler ash sediment or perlite are fully mixed, obtain this composite interstitial substance, the concrete operation step of the method is as follows:
1) chestnut shell and/or peanut shell are pulverized, are heaped, rise, spread epiphragma after decomposing agent, under 60～80 ℃ of conditions, stack retting, to fully rotting, is spread out and is dried, and crosses 5～10 objects and sieves, getting particle diameter is 5～10 object particles, obtains chestnut shell and/or peanut shell compost product;
2) chicken manure and/or pig manure are added after water cover film, under 60～80 ℃ of conditions, stack retting, to becoming thoroughly decomposed, is spread out and is dried, and obtains Chicken dung and/or pig manure;
3) the discarded slag ash in thermal power plant is pulverized, after 5～10 objects are sieved excessively, getting particle diameter is 5～10 object particles, obtains slag ash;
4) according to the proportioning of claim 1 by chestnut shell and/or peanut shell compost product, Chicken dung and/or pig manure, and perlite and/or slag ash mix, and after fully mixing, obtains this vegetable plug seedling composite interstitial substance.
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| CN108887143A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2018-11-27 | 咸宁市农业科学院 | A kind of ramie seed seedling-raising matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN109006363A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2018-12-18 | 岭南生态文旅股份有限公司 | A kind of composite interstitial substance and preparation method thereof based on building waste and garden waste |
| CN109042225A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2018-12-21 | 武汉华天园林艺术有限公司 | The cheap production method of the non-earth greensward cultivation ground mass and its preparation cost of a kind of convenient transportation |
| CN109169162A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2019-01-11 | 金塔县金畜源牧业有限公司 | A kind of organic composite substratd and preparation method thereof |
| CN109566293A (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-04-05 | 云南中康食品有限公司 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings of organic vegetable |
| CN113016487A (en) * | 2021-03-15 | 2021-06-25 | 中南林业科技大学 | Method for culturing seedlings of castanea henryi by using light medium |
| CN113475356A (en) * | 2021-03-03 | 2021-10-08 | 河南省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Light functional plug seedling substrate for cucumbers |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109169162A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2019-01-11 | 金塔县金畜源牧业有限公司 | A kind of organic composite substratd and preparation method thereof |
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Effective date of registration: 20230118 Address after: 438300 Wang Ji Cun, zhongguanyi Town, Macheng City, Huanggang City, Hubei Province Patentee after: Macheng Zhengwang asparagus Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 438300 Agricultural Business Building, North Section of Xiaogan Township Road, Macheng City, Huanggang City, Hubei Province Patentee before: MACHENG VEGETABLE TECHNOLOGY PROMOTION STATIONS |