CN105010137A - Saccharum officinarum detoxification seedling propagation method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of crop propagation and cultivation technologies, in particular to a saccharum officinarum detoxification seedling propagation method. The method includes: firstly stripping leaves from picked saccharum officinarum seedlings, cutting the seedlings into double-bud stem segments, conducting wiping with 75% alcohol, then spraying 3-5% bromo-geramine to bud stem surfaces, and then wiping the surfaces dry with clean gauze for standby use; then, under aseptic condition, conducting soaking treatment with 0.1% mercuric chloride for 5-10min, then conducting flushing with sterile water 4-6 times, and inoculating the stem segments into a stem tip induction medium; and finally, using medical gauze wetted by 0.04% brassinolide diluted by 800-1200 times to conduct wrapping for 8-16h, then loosening the gauze and placing it in a fine river sand environment to conduct cultivation for 1 week, and then carrying out germination culture, sprouting and rooting cultivation, and transplantation. The saccharum officinarum seedling propagation method provided by the invention has high germination rate, the root system is flourishing, the saccharum officinarum subjected to detoxification treatment has few disease and pest injury, the jointing time is short, and Sugarcane seedling breeding method of the invention has high germination rate, and the root system is developed, and the pest and insect pest is less, and the jointing time is shorter, and high economic benefit can be generated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to crops propagation and cultivation technical field, be specifically related to the method for a kind of sugarcane detoxication nursery breeding.
Background technology
Sugarcane (formal name used at school: Saccharum officinarum), the perennial tall and big solid draft of saccharum, the sturdy prosperity of root-like stock, is widely cultivated in torrid areas such as the Taiwan of China, Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan; Sugarcane is temperate zone and tropical crops, it is the raw material manufacturing sucrose, and ethanol can be refined as energy substitution product, containing abundant sugar, moisture in sugarcane, also containing the material such as various vitamins, fat, protein, organic acid, calcium, iron be highly profitable to human metabolism, be mainly used in sugaring, cane sugar manufacture is more than 94% of China's sugar industry total amount, therefore, development sugarcane production, to improving the quality of life of the people, promoting the development of agricultural and related industry, and even to the development of whole national economy, all there is consequence and effect.
In cane planting is produced, general employing sugarcane stem or axillalry bud carry out vegetative propagation, owing to repeatedly planting for many years, easily be subject to multiple pathogen to infect, as ratoon stunting disease, mosaic disease and smut etc., the quality of sugarcane is directly caused to decline and the underproduction, also can cause withered and dead time serious, sometimes be not yet unearthed after seed germination and just rot, for keeping the quality and yield of sugarcane, therefore, sugarcane nursery breeding has become the principal element that restriction China sugarcane quality and yield improves, day by day serious situation is endangered for preventing sugarcane kind transmitted virus, be necessary a kind of method providing sugarcane nursery to breed.
Summary of the invention:
The object of this reality invention is: the method providing the sugarcane detoxication nursery breeding that a kind of detoxification is fast, well developed root system, survival rate are high for above-mentioned Problems existing, and the object of this reality invention, for solving the problem, is realized by following technical measures,
A method for sugarcane detoxication nursery breeding, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) explant pretreatment: first, divests blade by the cane seedling adopted, and is cut into two leaf stem section, clean by 75% alcohol wipe, then after spraying bud stem surface with 3-5% bromogeramine, dries rear for subsequent use with clean gauze; Secondly, aseptically, after the mercuric chloride immersion treatment 5-10min of 0.1%, after aseptic water washing 4-6 time, be inoculated on Stem tip induction medium; Finally, after gauze is untied by the hospital gauze parcel that the brassin dilution 800-1200 with 0.04% doubly soaks for 8-16 hour, be placed in after thin river sand environment carries out cultivation l week, as explant used;
(2) rudiment is cultivated: pretreated explant Plates for germination media is cultivated 25-30 days, obtains healthy and strong clump bud;
(3) vernalization culture of rootage: be equipped with the container for plant growth of seedling medium by what obtain from bud implantation, then container for plant growth is put into raising chamber and carry out continuation vernalization, cultivation, the temperature in raising chamber remains 26-32 DEG C, and humidity is 55-65%; Described seedling medium is formulated by vinegar grain, the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, ash, edible fungi residues, manioc waste, trace element and inorganic fertilizer, seedling medium water content 28-36%, total porosity 65-72%, the content of organic matter >=28% in seedling medium after drying;
(4) transplant: when vernalization culture of rootage root out grows to 3-5cm, when radical is more than 3-6 bar, transplanting can be carried out to outdoor.
Preferably, described Plates for germination media is MS medium+6-benzyl aminopurine 6-BA0.5-1.0mg/L+ methyl α-naphthyl acetate NAA0.1-0.5mg/L+ arginine 0.1-0.2mg/L+ sucrose 30-40g/L, and pH value is 5.8-6.2.
Preferably, the temperature in described thin river sand environment is 28-36 DEG C, and humidity is 55-65%, and intensity of illumination is 1200-1800lux.
Preferably, the parts by weight of each component of described seedling medium are: vinegar grain 20-40 part, peat composed of rotten mosses 15-25 part, vermiculite 10-15 part, ash 5-15 part, edible fungi residues 10-30 part and manioc waste 10-30 part.
Preferably, the amount of described trace element is: add the soluble-salt compounds containing boron 0.01-0.05kg, manganese 0.1-0.8kg, iron 0.5-1.5kg, calcium 1.0-2.5kg, zinc 0.1-0.8kg, copper 0.1-0.8kg, selenium 0.001-0.006kg and molybdenum 0.002-0.008kg in seedling medium per ton; Described inorganic fertilizer amount is: add 15:15:15 nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 4-6kg, potash fertilizer 1.5-3kg, phosphate fertilizer 3-5kg in seedling medium per ton.In the present invention, the trace element used is borax, manganese sulphate, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, lime, zinc ammonium phosphate, copper sulphate, sodium selenite, ammonium molybdate.
In sum, technique effect of the present invention is mainly reflected in: the method for sugarcane detoxication breeding of the present invention is simple, detoxification is simple, quick, easy, solve sugarcane nursery can extensively promote and implement, damage by disease and insect is few, well developed root system, and growth is fast, the seedling culture matrix nutrition used is comprehensive, is beneficial to sugarcane production; Middle use of the present invention contains abundant seedling medium, effectively can improve soil structure, vegetable soil, and promote that soil is built up fertility, fertilizer efficiency time remaining is long, can effectively reduce or reduce crop disease and insect, improve the quality of sugarcane.
Embodiment:
Be clearly and completely described technical scheme of the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
A method for sugarcane detoxication nursery breeding, comprises the following steps:
(1) explant pretreatment: first, divests blade by the cane seedling adopted, and is cut into two leaf stem section, clean by 75% alcohol wipe, then after spraying bud stem surface with 3-5% bromogeramine, dries rear for subsequent use with clean gauze; Secondly, aseptically, after the mercuric chloride immersion treatment 5min of 0.1%, after aseptic water washing 4 times, be inoculated on Stem tip induction medium; Finally, the brassin with 0.04% dilutes after 800 times of hospital gauzes soaked wrap up and being untied by gauze for 8 hours, is placed in after thin river sand environment carries out cultivation l week, as explant used; Temperature in described thin river sand environment is 28 DEG C, and humidity is 55-65%, and intensity of illumination is 1200lux;
(2) rudiment is cultivated: pretreated explant Plates for germination media is cultivated 25-30 days, obtain healthy and strong clump bud, described Plates for germination media is MS medium+6-benzyl aminopurine 6-BA0.5mg/L+ methyl α-naphthyl acetate NAA0.1mg/L+ arginine 0.1mg/L+ sucrose 30g/L, and pH value is 5.8;
(3) vernalization culture of rootage: be equipped with the container for plant growth of seedling medium by what obtain from bud implantation, then container for plant growth is put into raising chamber and carry out continuation vernalization, cultivation, the temperature in raising chamber remains 26 DEG C, and humidity is 55-65%; Described seedling medium is formulated by vinegar grain, the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, ash, edible fungi residues, manioc waste, trace element and inorganic fertilizer;
(4) transplant: when vernalization culture of rootage root out grows to 3-5cm, when radical is more than 3-6 bar, transplanting can be carried out to outdoor.
In the invention process, described seedling medium is formulated by following raw material: vinegar grain 200kg, peat composed of rotten mosses 150kg, vermiculite 100kg, ash 50kg, edible fungi residues 100kg and manioc waste 100kg, and the amount of described trace element is: add the soluble-salt compounds containing boron 0.01kg, manganese 0.1kg, iron 0.5kg, calcium 1.0kg, zinc 0.1kg, copper 0.1kg, selenium 0.001kg and molybdenum 0.002kg in seedling medium per ton; Described inorganic fertilizer amount is: add 15:15:15 nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 4kg, potash fertilizer 1.5kg, phosphate fertilizer 3kg in seedling medium per ton, preparation flow is as follows:
1) first vinegar grain, the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, ash, edible fungi residues and manioc waste are mixed, be piled into buttress fermentation 20-35 days after stirring, and keep its moisture at 37-45%, the temperature of fermented mixture controls at 55 DEG C;
2) after thing to be mixed fully becomes thoroughly decomposed, add the soluble-salt etc. of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium and trace element, stir sealing and fermenting 10-20 days, then dry moisture and remain on 28%;
3) by step 2) mixture of gained crosses 80-100 mesh sieve and makes powder, and namely obtain seedling medium finished product, the total porosity of described seedling medium is 65%, the content of organic matter >=28% in seedling medium.
Embodiment 2
A method for sugarcane detoxication nursery breeding, comprises the following steps:
(1) explant pretreatment: first, divests blade by the cane seedling adopted, and is cut into two leaf stem section, clean by 75% alcohol wipe, then after spraying bud stem surface with 5% bromogeramine, dries rear for subsequent use with clean gauze; Secondly, aseptically, after the mercuric chloride immersion treatment 10min of 0.1%, after aseptic water washing 6 times, be inoculated on Stem tip induction medium; Finally, the brassin with 0.04% dilutes after 1200 times of hospital gauzes soaked wrap up and being untied by gauze for 16 hours, is placed in after thin river sand environment carries out cultivation l week, as explant used; Temperature in described thin river sand environment is 36 DEG C, and humidity is 55-65%, and intensity of illumination is 1800lux;
(2) rudiment is cultivated: pretreated explant Plates for germination media is cultivated 25-30 days, obtain healthy and strong clump bud, described Plates for germination media is MS medium+6-benzyl aminopurine 6-BA1.0mg/L+ methyl α-naphthyl acetate NAA0.5mg/L+ arginine 0.2mg/L+ sucrose 40g/L, and pH value is 6.2;
(3) vernalization culture of rootage: be equipped with the container for plant growth of seedling medium by what obtain from bud implantation, then container for plant growth is put into large raising chamber and carry out continuation vernalization, cultivation, the temperature in raising chamber remains 32 DEG C, and humidity is 55-65%; Described seedling medium is formulated by vinegar grain, the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, ash, edible fungi residues, manioc waste, trace element and inorganic fertilizer;
(4) transplant: when vernalization culture of rootage root out grows to 3-5cm, when radical is more than 3-6 bar, transplanting can be carried out to outdoor.
In the invention process, described seedling medium is formulated by following raw material: vinegar grain 400kg, peat composed of rotten mosses 250kg, vermiculite 150kg, ash 150kg, edible fungi residues 100kg and manioc waste 300kg, and the amount of described trace element is: add the soluble-salt compounds containing boron 0.05kg, manganese 0.8kg, iron 1.5kg, calcium 2.5kg, zinc 0.8kg, copper 0.8kg, selenium 0.006kg and molybdenum 0.008kg in seedling medium per ton; Described inorganic fertilizer amount is: add 15:15:15 nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 6kg, potash fertilizer 3kg, phosphate fertilizer 5kg in seedling medium per ton, preparation flow is as follows;
1) first vinegar grain, the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, ash, edible fungi residues and manioc waste are mixed, be piled into buttress fermentation 35-40 days after stirring, and keep its moisture at 37-45%, the temperature of fermented mixture controls at 60 DEG C;
2) after thing to be mixed fully becomes thoroughly decomposed, add the soluble-salt etc. of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium and trace element, stir sealing and fermenting 15-25 days, then dry moisture and remain on 36%;
3) by step 2) mixture of gained crosses 80-100 mesh sieve and makes powder, and namely obtain seedling medium finished product, the total porosity of described seedling medium is 72%, the content of organic matter >=30% in seedling medium.
Embodiment 3
A method for sugarcane detoxication nursery breeding, comprises the following steps:
(1) explant pretreatment: first, divests blade by the cane seedling adopted, and is cut into two leaf stem section, clean by 75% alcohol wipe, then after spraying bud stem surface with 3% bromogeramine, dries rear for subsequent use with clean gauze; Secondly, aseptically, after the mercuric chloride immersion treatment 8min of 0.1%, after aseptic water washing 5 times, be inoculated on Stem tip induction medium; Finally, the brassin with 0.04% dilutes after 1000 times of hospital gauzes soaked wrap up and being untied by gauze for 12 hours, is placed in after thin river sand environment carries out cultivation l week, as explant used; Temperature in described thin river sand environment is 32 DEG C, and humidity is 55-65%, and intensity of illumination is 1600lux;
(2) rudiment is cultivated: pretreated explant Plates for germination media is cultivated 28 days, obtain healthy and strong clump bud, described Plates for germination media is MS medium+6-benzyl aminopurine 6-BA0.7mg/L+ methyl α-naphthyl acetate NAA0.3mg/L+ arginine 0.15mg/L+ sucrose 36g/L, and pH value is 6.0;
(3) vernalization culture of rootage: be equipped with the container for plant growth of seedling medium by what obtain from bud implantation, then container for plant growth is put into large raising chamber and carry out continuation vernalization, cultivation, the temperature in raising chamber remains 28 DEG C, and humidity is 55-65%; Described seedling medium is formulated by vinegar grain, the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, ash, edible fungi residues, manioc waste, trace element and inorganic fertilizer.
(4) transplant: when vernalization culture of rootage root out grows to 3-5cm, when radical is more than 3-6 bar, transplanting can be carried out to outdoor.
In the invention process, described seedling medium is formulated by following raw material: vinegar grain 360kg, peat composed of rotten mosses 200kg, vermiculite 120kg, ash 120kg, edible fungi residues 190kg and manioc waste 250kg, and the amount of described trace element is: add the soluble-salt compounds containing boron 0.03kg, manganese 0.5kg, iron 1.2kg, calcium 1.8kg, zinc 0.6kg, copper 0.6kg, selenium 0.004kg and molybdenum 0.006kg in seedling medium per ton; Described inorganic fertilizer amount is: add 15:15:15 nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 5kg, potash fertilizer 2.5kg, phosphate fertilizer 4kg in seedling medium per ton, preparation flow is as follows;
1) first vinegar grain, the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, ash, edible fungi residues and manioc waste are mixed, be piled into buttress fermentation 25-30 days after stirring, and keep its moisture at 37-42%, the temperature of fermented mixture controls at 50-60 DEG C;
2) after thing to be mixed fully becomes thoroughly decomposed, add the soluble-salt etc. of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium and trace element, stir sealing and fermenting 15-20 days, then dry moisture and remain on 32%;
3) by step 2) mixture of gained crosses 80-100 mesh sieve and makes powder, and namely obtain seedling medium finished product, the total porosity of described seedling medium is 68%, the content of organic matter >=34% in seedling medium after drying.
Select two leaf stem sections of 400 sugarcanes to carry out nursery, be divided into 4 groups at random, often organize 100 sections, first group is control group, does not carry out detoxification pretreatment and just carries out, and the second to the four group is experimental group, uses the method for embodiment of the present invention 1-3 to carry out detoxification nursery breeding, through contrast experiment, to the germination of seedling when transplanting, root growth situation and the quality and yield situation of gathering after transplanting carry out Statistical Comparison, experimental group adopts the embodiment of the present invention 1, during the detoxification nursery propagation method of embodiment 2 and embodiment 3, be subject to damage by disease and insect few, well developed root system, quality is higher, germination rate is up to more than 100%, time of sprouting is fast, seedling bud is healthy and strong, grow also very fast, output is also high, and the germination rate of control group is low, germination rate reaches 89%, seedling bud is tiny, yield poorly, and insect pest is higher, root system is shorter, after transplanting, plant is lower, experimental result shows, the sugarcane seedling using sugarcane detoxication nursery propagation method of the present invention to cultivate adds 15% than control group output after transplanting, 18% and 22%, experimental result is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 sugarcane detoxication nursery breeding contrast and experiment
| Project | Germination rate | Root growth situation | Transplanting survival rate | Tiller the time | Shooting stage | Vegetative period damage by disease and insect |
| Control group | 87％ | 4-5 root, 2-5cm | 92.3％ | 15 days | 25 days | Damage by disease and insect is many |
| Embodiment 1 | 100％ | 7-8 root, 6-8cm | 98.6％ | 10 days | 15 days | Damage by disease and insect is few |
| Embodiment 2 | 100％ | 8-9 root, 7-8cm | 99.1％ | 8 days | 12 days | Without damage by disease and insect |
| Embodiment 3 | 100％ | 8-10 root, 8-10cm | 99.8％ | 7 days | 11 days | Without damage by disease and insect |
Can be found out by table 1, sugarcane nursery propagation method germination rate of the present invention is high, each stem Duan Doufa two is more than bud, and well developed root system, sugarcane damage by disease and insect after detoxification treatment is less, the jointing time is short, after transplanting, the yield and quality of sugarcane is all better than control group, and sugarcane nursery propagation method of the present invention is simple, cost is low, do not need too many financial resources, material resources and human input, economic well-being of workers and staff is obvious, has greatly driven the enthusiasm for production of peasant household, quality and output thereof are all better than control group, create higher economic benefit.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention and, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a method for sugarcane detoxication nursery breeding, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) explant pretreatment: first, divests blade by the cane seedling adopted, and is cut into two leaf stem section, clean by 75% alcohol wipe, then after spraying bud stem surface with 3-5% bromogeramine, dries rear for subsequent use with clean gauze; Secondly, aseptically, after the mercuric chloride immersion treatment 5-10min of 0.1%, after aseptic water washing 4-6 time, be inoculated on Stem tip induction medium; Finally, after gauze is untied by the hospital gauze parcel that the brassin dilution 800-1200 with 0.04% doubly soaks for 8-16 hour, be placed in after thin river sand environment carries out cultivation l week, as explant used;
(2) rudiment is cultivated: pretreated explant Plates for germination media is cultivated 25-30 days, obtains healthy and strong clump bud;
(3) vernalization culture of rootage: be equipped with the container for plant growth of seedling medium by what obtain from bud implantation, then container for plant growth is put into raising chamber and carry out continuation vernalization, cultivation, the temperature in raising chamber remains 26-32 DEG C, and humidity is 55-65%; Described seedling medium is formulated by vinegar grain, the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite, ash, edible fungi residues, manioc waste, trace element and inorganic fertilizer, seedling medium water content 28-36%, total porosity 65-72%, the content of organic matter >=28% in seedling medium after drying;
(4) transplant: when vernalization culture of rootage root out grows to 3-5cm, when radical is more than 3-6 bar, transplanting can be carried out to outdoor.
2. the method for a kind of sugarcane detoxication nursery breeding according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Plates for germination media is MS medium+6-benzyl aminopurine 6-BA0.5-1.0mg/L+ methyl α-naphthyl acetate NAA0.1-0.5mg/L+ arginine 0.1-0.2mg/L+ sucrose 30-40g/L, and pH value is 5.8-6.2.
3. the method for a kind of sugarcane detoxication nursery breeding according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the temperature in described thin river sand environment is 28-36 DEG C, and humidity is 55-65%, and intensity of illumination is 1200-1800lux.
4. the method for a kind of sugarcane detoxication nursery breeding according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the parts by weight of each component of described seedling medium are: vinegar grain 20-40 part, peat composed of rotten mosses 15-25 part, vermiculite 10-15 part, ash 5-15 part, edible fungi residues 10-30 part and manioc waste 10-30 part.
5. the method for a kind of sugarcane detoxication nursery breeding according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the amount of described trace element is: add the soluble-salt compounds containing boron 0.01-0.05kg, manganese 0.1-0.8kg, iron 0.5-1.5kg, calcium 1.0-2.5kg, zinc 0.1-0.8kg, copper 0.1-0.8kg, selenium 0.001-0.006kg and molybdenum 0.002-0.008kg in seedling medium per ton; Described inorganic fertilizer amount is: add 15:15:15 nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 4-6kg, potash fertilizer 1.5-3kg, phosphate fertilizer 3-5kg in seedling medium per ton.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN105660401A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-06-15 | 漳州市萌得尔农业科技有限公司 | Culture medium for tissue-culture anoectochilus roxburghii (Wall.)Lindl as well as preparation method and application of culture medium |
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| CN107646686A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-02-02 | 李福元 | A kind of expanding propagation method of sugarcane detoxication tissue culturing seedling |
| CN109566410A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2019-04-05 | 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所 | A kind of cultural method of cassava axillary bud somatic embryo in vitro culture detoxic seedling |
| CN111557176A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-08-21 | 深圳市国艺园林建设有限公司 | Tissue culture and rapid propagation method for desert rose |
| CN113016619A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-06-25 | 广州中医药大学(广州中医药研究院) | Morinda officinalis disinfection method |
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Application publication date: 20151104 |