CN101889533B - Artificial matrix for hole-tray tomato seedling cultivation - Google Patents
Artificial matrix for hole-tray tomato seedling cultivation Download PDFInfo
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- CN101889533B CN101889533B CN2010102170314A CN201010217031A CN101889533B CN 101889533 B CN101889533 B CN 101889533B CN 2010102170314 A CN2010102170314 A CN 2010102170314A CN 201010217031 A CN201010217031 A CN 201010217031A CN 101889533 B CN101889533 B CN 101889533B
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- artificial substratum
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- pond slag
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
The invention discloses an artificial substratum for hole-tray tomato seedling cultivation, which belongs to the technical field of soilless culture. The artificial substratum takes biogas dregs as a fertilizer source, and the fermentation raw material of the biogas dregs is chicken manure or pig manure; when the fermentation raw material of the biogas dregs is the chicken manure, the artificial substratum comprises the following components in mass percentage: 9 to 11 percent of biogas dregs, 39 to 41 percent of grass carbon, 39 to 41 percent of vermiculite and 9 to 11 percent of pearlite; and when the fermentation raw material of the biogas dregs is the pig manure, the artificial substratum comprises the following components in mass percentage: 19 to 21 percent of biogas dregs, 39 to 41 percent of grass carbon, 29 to 31 percent of vermiculite and 9 to 11 percent of pearlite. The biogas dregs in the formula of the artificial substratum of the invention can improve a growth indicator of tomato seedlings and reduce the accumulation of nitride in the plant bodies to a certain degree, so that the equality is improved; and the use of the biogas dregs reduces the used amount of the grass carbon, so that the production cost of the artificial substratum and the seedlings is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the cultivation technique without soil field, being specifically related to a kind of is the artificial substratum for hole-tray tomato seedling cultivation of the source of manure with the natural pond slag.
Background technology
In recent years, the rapid propagation in factory technology becomes the key technology that scale vegetable is produced, and vegetables are pollution-free, safety, high quality seedling produce to producing the important assurance of pollution-free vegetable.The key of factorial seedling growth is exactly the artificial substratum technology, and wherein, organic ecological soilless culture technology (publication number is CN01127441.7) is meant without natural soil, and use matrix; Nutrition liquid irrigation root system of plant that need not be traditional, organic solid-state is fertile also directly to come a kind of cultivation technique without soil of irrigated crop with clear water and use.The unique distinction of organic ecological soilless culture technology is with the traditional nutrient solution of the fertile replacement of organic solid-state, thereby the organic ecological soilless culture technology is except the advantage that possesses general soilless culture, also have characteristics such as disposable operating cost is low, operational administrative simple, discharge liquid environmentally safe, superior product quality, be fit to very much the present national conditions of China.But factorial seedling growth mainly adopts the peat composed of rotten mosses as organic materials at present, because the finiteness of peat composed of rotten mosses resource, a large amount of exploitations cause serious destruction to the ecotope of acquisition zone, therefore utilize debirs to replace the peat composed of rotten mosses and nutrient formulation technology to become the focus that countries in the world are paid close attention to.
Biogas engineering utilizes mode as a kind of cost-effective offal treatment, and development is rapid, and biogas engineering has changed traditional ight soil processing mode, has improved resource utilization.The biogas fermentation technology is the major technique approach of China's large-scale cultivation animal wastes harmless treatment and recycling, but biogas is handled the natural pond liquid of back generation and the restrictive factor that the natural pond slag becomes the popularization of biogas fermentation technology.For improving the comprehensive utilization value of biogas engineering, should rationally utilize the biogas fermentation residue, so not only can bring economic benefit, but also have social benefit, if give it up or utilize improperly, certainly will cause the wasting of resources and environmental pollution.The natural pond slag is the residue after biogas anaerobic fermentation is handled, and contains a large amount of nutritive element that is of value to plant growing and active substance.In the vegetable plug seedling production process, the supply of nutrient is directly connected to the quality of seedling quality and the quality of later stage ecological organic vegetable growing in the matrix.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of artificial substratum for hole-tray tomato seedling cultivation.
A kind of artificial substratum for hole-tray tomato seedling cultivation, this artificial substratum is the source of manure with the natural pond slag, the fermentation raw material of described natural pond slag is chicken manure or pig manure; When the fermentation raw material of natural pond slag was chicken manure, each component and mass percent thereof in this artificial substratum were: natural pond slag 9-11%, peat composed of rotten mosses 39-41%, vermiculite 39-41%, perlite 9-11%; When the fermentation raw material of natural pond slag was pig manure, each component and mass percent thereof in this artificial substratum were: natural pond slag 19-21%, peat composed of rotten mosses 39-41%, vermiculite 29-31%, perlite 9-11%.
When the fermentation raw material of natural pond slag was chicken manure, each component and mass percent thereof in this artificial substratum were preferably: natural pond slag 10%, the peat composed of rotten mosses 40%, vermiculite 40%, perlite 10%.
When the fermentation raw material of natural pond slag was pig manure, each component and mass percent thereof in this artificial substratum were preferably: natural pond slag 20%, the peat composed of rotten mosses 40%, vermiculite 30%, perlite 10%.
The natural pond slag that uses in this prescription is through the natural pond of Separation of Solid and Liquid and drying and other treatment slag, water content is about about 40%, and contain organic 28%-50% in the slag of natural pond, humic acid 10%-20%, hemicellulose 25%-34%, cellulose 11%-15%, full nitrogen 0.8%-2.0%, full phosphorus 0.4%-1.2%, full potassium is 0.6%-2.0%, also contains a large amount of trace elements and other mineral nutrient elements in addition.
Above-mentioned each component mixed in proportion promptly obtain artificial substratum of the present invention.
What of natural pond slag content have very big influence to the growth of cave dish tomato seedling in the matrix.Utilize preferred substrate prescription of the present invention, the germination rate of tomato seeds has reached more than 95%, growth indexes such as thick, the number of blade of the plant height of seedling, stem, chlorophyll content all obviously are better than contrast in whole growth process, and the symptom of fertilizer deficiency does not appear in growth later stage seedling.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: be the growth indexes that the source of manure not only can improve tomato seedling with the natural pond slag in this artificial substratum prescription, and can also reduce the accumulation of nitrate in the plant body to a certain extent, improve quality; Reduce the incidence of plant pest, and then reduce the input of agricultural chemicals such as agricultural chemicals, for Gao You, high-quality vegetables provide support; The use of natural pond slag has reduced the consumption of the peat composed of rotten mosses; be the source of manure directly simultaneously with the natural pond slag; reduce the production cost of artificial substratum and seedling, protected the on-site ecotope of peat composed of rotten mosses resource effectively, solved the biogas fermentation residue--the processing and the recycling problem of natural pond slag.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1, employing artificial substratum I are carried out cave dish tomato seedling
(1) preparation of artificial substratum I: each component and mass percent thereof are: natural pond slag 10%, the peat composed of rotten mosses 40%, vermiculite 40%, perlite 10%; Above-mentioned each component mixed by corresponding proportion promptly obtain artificial substratum of the present invention, wherein, described natural pond slag fermentation raw material is a chicken manure.
(2) it is as follows that employing artificial substratum I is carried out the cave concrete breeding method of dish cultivation tomato seedling: each handles 2 dishes, tomato seeds is after lukewarm water soaks vernalization, be sowed in the dish of 72 holes, place the greenhouse to grow seedlings, the water supply index is for keeping the matrix relative moisture content about 60%.The mensuration of listed growth indexes in carry out table 1 after growing seedlings 28 days, the situation of specifically cultivating is as shown in table 1.Control experiment is set simultaneously, and the substrate composition of control group adopts the peat composed of rotten mosses: 2: 1 ratio of vermiculite (mass ratio), every m
3Matrix adds urea 1.2kg and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1.2kg, and fertilizer and matrix are puddled even back and used, and concrete outcome is as shown in table 2.
All in all cultivate the tomato seedling of 4-5 sheet leaf, be of value to growth of seedlings when chicken manure natural pond slag content is 10% left and right sides in the matrix most.
Table 1 artificial substratum I is cultivated the growth indexes of tomato seedling
Growth indexes | The result |
Germination rate | 95.8% |
Plant height (cm) | 11.9±1.1a |
Stem thick (mm) | 2.71±0.35a |
Root long (cm) | 10.9±1.2a |
The number of blade (sheet) | 4.4±0.3a |
Annotate: same letter represents there is not significant difference, and (P≤0.05, Duncan duncan's new multiple range method) following each letter is identical
Table 2 control group is handled the growth indexes of cultivating tomato seedling
Growth indexes | The result |
Germination rate | 93.7% |
Plant height (cm) | 7.9±0.3c |
Stem thick (mm) | 2.15±0.12b |
Root long (cm) | 6.9±1.5c |
The number of blade (sheet) | 4.8±0.5a |
Embodiment 2, employing artificial substratum II are carried out cave dish tomato seedling
(1) preparation of artificial substratum II: each component and mass percent thereof are: natural pond slag 20%, the peat composed of rotten mosses 40%, vermiculite 30%, perlite 10%; Above-mentioned each component mixed by corresponding proportion promptly obtain artificial substratum of the present invention, wherein, described natural pond slag fermentation raw material is a pig manure.
(2) it is as follows that employing artificial substratum II is carried out the cave concrete breeding method of dish cultivation tomato seedling: each handles 2 dishes, tomato seeds is after lukewarm water soaks vernalization, be sowed in the dish of 72 holes, place the greenhouse to grow seedlings, the water supply index is for keeping the matrix relative moisture content about 60%.The mensuration of listed growth indexes in carry out table 3 after growing seedlings 28 days, the cultivation concrete condition is as shown in table 3; Control experiment is set simultaneously, and control group (CK) waters nutrient solution at interval and replenishes fertilizer, and nutrient solution prescription is as shown in table 4, and concrete outcome is as shown in table 5.
From the result of table 3 and table 5 as can be seen, grow seedlings and adopted the artificial substratum II to cultivate tomato seedling in 28 days to be better than nutrient fluid cultivation.
Table 3 artificial substratum II is cultivated the growth indexes of tomato seedling
Growth indexes | The result |
Germination rate | 96.7% |
Plant height (cm) | 20.9±1.3a |
Stem thick (mm) | 4.91±1.1a |
Root long (cm) | 10.9±1.2a |
The number of blade (sheet) | 6.7±0.6a |
Annotate: same letter represents there is not significant difference, and (P≤0.05, Duncan duncan's new multiple range method) following each letter is identical
Table 4 control group tomato seedling nutrient solution prescription
The fertilizer title | Consumption (mg/litre) |
Nitrate of lime | 1216 |
Ammonium nitrate | 42.1 |
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate | 208 |
Potassium sulphate | 393 |
Potassium nitrate | 395 |
Magnesium sulfate | 466 |
EDTA ferrisodium salt | 20-40 |
Ferrous sulfate | 15 |
Boric acid | 2.86 |
Borax | 4.5 |
Manganese sulphate | 2.13 |
Copper sulphate | 0.05 |
Zinc sulphate | 0.22 |
Ammonium molybdate | 0.02 |
Table 5 control group is handled the growth indexes of cultivating tomato seedling
Growth indexes | The result |
Germination rate | 94.6% |
Plant height (cm) | 17.13±7.0a |
Stem thick (mm) | 4.05±0.03b |
Root long (cm) | 14.3±4.8c |
The number of blade (sheet) | 5.17±0.00b |
Claims (3)
1. an artificial substratum for hole-tray tomato seedling cultivation is characterized in that, this artificial substratum is the source of manure with the natural pond slag, and the fermentation raw material of described natural pond slag is chicken manure or pig manure; When the fermentation raw material of natural pond slag was chicken manure, each component and mass percent thereof were in this artificial substratum: natural pond slag 9-11%, peat composed of rotten mosses 39-41%, vermiculite 39-41%, perlite 9-11%; When the fermentation raw material of natural pond slag was pig manure, each component and mass percent thereof were in this artificial substratum: natural pond slag 19-21%, peat composed of rotten mosses 39-41%, vermiculite 29-31%, perlite 9-11%.
2. according to claim 1 is the artificial substratum for hole-tray tomato seedling cultivation of the source of manure with the natural pond slag, it is characterized in that, when the fermentation raw material of natural pond slag is chicken manure, each component and mass percent thereof are in this artificial substratum: natural pond slag 10%, the peat composed of rotten mosses 40%, vermiculite 40%, perlite 10%.
3. according to claim 1 is the artificial substratum for hole-tray tomato seedling cultivation of the source of manure with the natural pond slag, it is characterized in that, when the fermentation raw material of natural pond slag is pig manure,, each component and mass percent thereof are in this artificial substratum: natural pond slag 20%, the peat composed of rotten mosses 40%, vermiculite 30%, perlite 10%.
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