CN111226773A - Cultivation method for improving stress resistance of wheat - Google Patents
Cultivation method for improving stress resistance of wheat Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N45/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing compounds having three or more carbocyclic rings condensed among themselves, at least one ring not being a six-membered ring
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
- A01N65/44—Poaceae or Gramineae [Grass family], e.g. bamboo, lemon grass or citronella grass
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivation method for improving stress resistance of wheat, which comprises the following steps: s101, soaking wheat seeds in an ethane-methyl-sodium sulfonate solution with the concentration of 0.05-0.5 (mol/L), treating the wheat seeds with a glyphosate solution with the concentration of 2.4-3.2 (g/L), washing, taking out and airing; s102, placing the aired seeds in a growth regulator, and continuously soaking for 20-30 hours at 24-30 ℃; s103, placing the seeds obtained in the step S102 in a matrix to be cultured until the seeds germinate; and S104, transplanting the germinated wheat seedlings into nutrient soil, continuously culturing for 5-10 days at the temperature of-1 ℃, and culturing by a conventional method until the wheat seedlings are mature. The method of the invention ensures that the seeds have certain cold resistance, thereby obtaining the wheat plant with stress resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to agricultural planting, in particular to a cultivation method for improving stress resistance of wheat.
Background
At present, wheat is a gramineous triticum crop, is one of the earliest crops cultivated in the world, and has become one of the grain crops with the widest distribution, the largest area, the highest total yield, the largest trade amount and the highest nutritional value in the world after long-term development. The sowing period is divided into winter wheat and spring wheat. Winter wheat is the main priority of China.
An improved variety breeding technology is an important link for ensuring that the quality and the yield of wheat seeds meet requirements, but the resistance of the wheat cultivated by the existing method to drug resistance, insect pest resistance and other stress resistance is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at the problems, and provides a cultivation method for improving stress resistance of wheat, which comprises the following steps:
s101, soaking wheat seeds in an ethane-methyl-sodium sulfonate solution with the concentration of 0.05-0.5 (mol/L), treating the wheat seeds with a glyphosate solution with the concentration of 2.4-3.2 (g/L), washing, taking out and airing;
s102, placing the aired seeds in a growth regulator, and continuously soaking for 20-30 hours at 24-30 ℃;
s103, placing the seeds obtained in the step S102 in a matrix to be cultured until the seeds germinate;
and S104, transplanting the germinated wheat seedlings into nutrient soil, continuously culturing for 5-10 days at the temperature of-1 ℃, and culturing by a conventional method until the wheat seedlings are mature.
In some embodiments, the growth regulator comprises betaine, gibberellin, kinetin, and corn pollen liquid.
In some embodiments, the weight ratio of betaine, gibberellin, kinetin, and corn pollen liquid is 0.2-1: 2.4-3.2: 0.05-0.2: 0.5-1.5.
In some embodiments, the substrate is a porous sponge as a substrate carrier, and a culture substrate is injected into the porous sponge to obtain a sponge medium culture medium, wherein the culture substrate is: crushing wheat straws, corn straws and pumice, adding water into the crushed wheat straws, the crushed corn straws and the pumice, mixing the crushed wheat straws, the crushed corn straws and the pumice with peat and fermentation bed padding, adding a small amount of curing matrix, mixing to prepare a fermentation matrix, stacking and decomposing the mixed fermentation matrix, regularly turning over and throwing, introducing earthworms into compost after the compost is finished, curing, performing quality inspection on the compost after the curing is finished, drying and crushing qualified compost to prepare a finished product.
In some embodiments, the substrate is cultured by using a culture shelf as a carrier and one or more of plant ash, sucrose, quicklime, wood chips and wheat bran as a mixture.
In some embodiments, the weight ratio of the plant ash, the sucrose, the quicklime, the sawdust and the wheat bran is 1-5: 1-10: 15-20: 8-12.
In some embodiments, the incubation is performed at 1200-1300 Lux until germination occurs at 5-8 ℃.
In some embodiments, the nutrient soil is prepared by taking organic fertilizer wormcast as a matrix and matching peat soil, coconut coir, perlite and river sand.
In some embodiments, the weight ratio of peat soil, coconut coir, perlite and river sand is 10:5:5: 2.
The invention has the advantages that:
according to the cultivation method for improving the stress resistance of the wheat, provided by the invention, the glyphosate-resistant wheat plant is screened by using sodium ethylmethyl sulfonate for mutagenesis, the seed germination is promoted by using the growth regulator, the germination rate and the uniformity of the seed are ensured, the stress resistance of the seed or the plant is improved, and then the seed is continuously cultivated at the temperature of-1 ℃, so that the seed has certain cold resistance, and thus the wheat plant with the stress resistance is obtained.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a cultivation method for improving stress resistance of wheat according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a test of a resistance result of wheat in a cultivation method for improving stress resistance of wheat in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a cultivation method for improving stress resistance of wheat in embodiment 1 of the invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the cultivation method for improving stress resistance of wheat is provided, so that the drug resistance of wheat in the growth process is effectively relieved.
A cultivation method for improving stress resistance of wheat comprises the following steps:
s101, soaking wheat seeds in an ethane-methyl-sodium sulfonate solution with the concentration of 0.05-0.5 mol/L for 1-1.5 h, treating the wheat seeds with a glyphosate solution with the concentration of 2.4-3.2 (g/L) for 4-10 h, washing, taking out and airing.
In the examples of the application, sodium ethane-methyl sulfonate is used as an inducer;
s102, placing the seeds in a growth regulator, and continuously soaking for 20-30 hours at 24-30 ℃.
In the embodiment of the application, the growth regulator is an organic compound which is artificially synthesized (or extracted from microorganisms) and has a growth and development regulating effect similar to that of natural plant hormones, and the plant growth regulator is reasonably used for treating seeds, so that the seeds can be promoted to germinate, the germination rate and the uniformity of the seeds are ensured, and the stress resistance of the seeds or plants is improved.
S103, placing the seeds obtained in the step S102 in a matrix, and culturing until the seeds germinate.
In the embodiment of the application, the substrate is a seedling culture substrate, wherein the inorganic substrate comprises vermiculite, perlite, rock wool, sand, polyurethane and the like; the organic medium comprises peat, rice husk charcoal, bark and the like, and the medium is adopted for cultivation, so that the labor and the fertilizer are saved, the water and the fertilizer are saved, the survival rate is high, and the adaptability of the seedlings can be improved.
And S104, transplanting the germinated wheat seedlings into nutrient soil, continuously culturing for 5-10 days at the temperature of-1 ℃, and culturing by a conventional method until the wheat seedlings are mature.
In the embodiment of the application, the nutrient soil is specially prepared for satisfying the growth and development of seedlings, contains various mineral nutrients, and is bed soil which is loose, ventilated, strong in water and fertilizer retention capacity and free of diseases and insect pests. The nutrient soil is generally prepared by mixing fertile field soil and decomposed animal manure. The temperature is-1 ℃, the cold resistance of the wheat seedlings can be improved, and the conventional method is a conventional planting method of the wheat seedlings.
In the embodiment of the application, the cultivation to be mature by a conventional method comprises the following steps:
(1) the preferable planting soil is as follows: the planting soil condition is also the main influence factor of the growth quality and the yield of the wheat. The wheat planting soil conditions need to meet the following points: leveling land and deep soil layer; the soil has excellent nutrient environment condition and sufficient organic nutrient components; the soil has strong heat preservation and moisture preservation capability; the water conservancy conditions of the planting soil are convenient.
(2) Soil preparation and base fertilizer treatment: the land preparation technology mainly comprises the steps of deep ploughing and turning, optimizing soil conditions, applying a base fertilizer to soil in the land preparation process, and uniformly stirring without gathering the fertilizer. The base fertilizer is mainly applied by organic fertilizer, and then a proper amount of fertilizer is applied. And reasonably controlling the application amount of the base fertilizer according to the nutrient condition of the soil and the planting soil area. Wherein, the moisture of the soil is basically kept above 75 percent, and the normal irrigation and fertilization can be carried out at the rest stages.
According to the cultivation method for improving the stress resistance of the wheat, the glyphosate-resistant wheat plant is screened by using sodium ethylmethane sulfonate for mutagenesis, the seed germination is promoted through the growth regulator, the germination rate and the uniformity of the seed are ensured, the stress resistance of the seed or the plant is improved, and then the seed is placed under the condition of-1 ℃ for continuous cultivation, so that the seed has certain cold resistance, and the wheat plant with the stress resistance is obtained.
In some embodiments, the growth regulator comprises betaine, gibberellin, kinetin, and corn pollen liquid.
In the embodiment of the application, the combination of gibberellin and kinetin can break dormancy to promote germination, betaine is an alkaloid and has strong moisture absorption performance, so an anti-caking agent is often used for treatment in a manufacturing process, the molecular structure and the application effect of the betaine are not obviously different from those of natural betaine, the betaine belongs to a chemically synthesized natural equivalent, the plant type can be controlled, the stress resistance (disease resistance, drought resistance, salinity resistance, freezing resistance and the like) is enhanced, and the stress resistance of wheat is effectively improved.
In some embodiments, the weight ratio of betaine, gibberellin, kinetin, and corn pollen liquid is 0.2-1: 2.4-3.2: 0.05-0.2: 0.5-1.5.
In some embodiments, the substrate is a porous sponge as a substrate carrier, and a culture substrate is injected into the porous sponge to obtain a sponge medium culture medium, wherein the culture substrate is prepared by crushing wheat straws, corn straws and pumice stones to form compost.
In the embodiment of the application, the culture medium is prepared by smashing wheat straws, corn straws and pumice and composting, and is specifically realized through the following steps: crushing wheat straws, corn straws and pumice, adding water into the crushed wheat straws, the crushed corn straws and the pumice, mixing the crushed wheat straws, the crushed corn straws and the pumice with peat and fermentation bed padding, adding a small amount of curing matrix, mixing to prepare a fermentation matrix, stacking and decomposing the mixed fermentation matrix, regularly turning over and throwing, introducing earthworms into compost after the compost is finished, curing, performing quality inspection on the compost after the curing is finished, drying and crushing qualified compost to prepare a finished product.
According to the cultivation method for improving the stress resistance of the wheat, the substrate cultivation is adopted, labor and force are saved, water and fertilizer are saved, the survival rate is high, and the adaptability of seedlings can be improved.
In some embodiments, the substrate is cultured by using a culture shelf as a carrier and one or more of plant ash, sucrose, quicklime, wood chips and wheat bran as a mixture.
In some embodiments, the weight ratio of the plant ash, the sucrose, the quicklime, the sawdust and the wheat bran is 1-5: 1-10: 15-20: 8-12.
In some embodiments, the incubation is performed at 1200-1300 Lux until germination occurs at 5-8 ℃.
In the embodiment of the application, the germination is carried out at 5-8 ℃ under 1200-1300 Lux conditions, so that the germination of seeds can be promoted.
In some embodiments, the nutrient soil is prepared by taking organic fertilizer wormcast as a matrix and matching peat soil, coconut coir, perlite and river sand.
In some embodiments, the weight ratio of peat soil, coconut coir, perlite and river sand is 10:5:5: 2.
Example 1
A cultivation method for improving stress resistance of wheat comprises the following steps:
s101, soaking the wheat seeds in an ethane-methyl-sodium sulfonate solution with the concentration of 0.05 (mol/L) for 1.5h, treating the wheat seeds with a 2.4g/L solution for 10h, washing the wheat seeds, and taking out the wheat seeds for airing.
S102, placing the seeds in a growth regulator, and continuously soaking for 20-30 hours at 24-30 ℃.
S103, placing the seeds obtained in the step S102 in a matrix, and culturing until the seeds germinate.
And S104, transplanting the germinated wheat seedlings into nutrient soil, continuously culturing for 5-10 days at the temperature of-1 ℃, and culturing by a conventional method until the wheat seedlings are mature.
The cultivation method for improving stress resistance of wheat in the embodiment 2 to 18 refers to the embodiment 1, and the difference is shown in the following table 1:
table 1 parameter report of cultivation method for improving stress resistance of wheat of examples 2-18
Comparative examples 1 and 2:
and (3) a conventional wheat planting method.
Experimental example:
experimental example 1
Combining the cultivation method of the stress resistance of the wheat with the cultivation methods of comparative examples 1 and 2: and (4) carrying out test verification by using a conventional wheat planting method.
And (3) a test base: yadu district test field in Shanxi province and Linfen City
In 10 last ten days of 2018, the test field is divided into 5 cells, and 10m is harvested in each cell2And an interval is arranged between every two adjacent blocks, so that mutual influence is avoided. Watering and fertilizing are carried out regularly to ensure normal growth.
And in 12 months in the year, spraying glyphosate on the wheat, and recording the plant state after spraying. The test agent is 41% glyphosate water (produced by Beijing agency of Mengshan corporation, USA), as shown in Table 2, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for testing the resistance result of wheat of the cultivation method for improving stress resistance of wheat of the embodiment of the invention, and referring to FIG. 2, it can be seen that the survival conditions of glyphosate plants sprayed with different concentrations are compared, and it can be seen that the cultivation method for improving stress resistance of wheat of the invention has better glyphosate resistance, and the cultivation method for improving stress resistance of wheat of the invention has better glyphosate resistance to glyphosate with concentration of 2.8 (g/L).
Experimental example 2
The germination of wheat seeds from examples 7 to 12, which had been subjected to mutagenesis with different concentrations of sodium ethylmethanesulfonate, was examined in connection with example 1.
And (3) a test base: yadu district test field in Shanxi province and Linfen City
In 10 last ten days of 2018, the test field is divided into 6 cells, and 10m is harvested in each cell2And an interval is arranged between every two adjacent blocks, so that mutual influence is avoided. Watering and fertilizing are carried out regularly to ensure normal growth.
And in 12 months in the year, spraying glyphosate on the wheat, and recording the plant state after spraying. The tested agent is 41% glyphosate water (produced by Beijing agency of Mengshan company, USA), and as shown in Table 3, the survival conditions of wheat sprayed with glyphosate plants with different concentrations are compared, so that the cultivation method for the stress resistance of wheat provided by the invention has better glyphosate resistance when the treatment concentration of the sodium ethylmethyl sulfonate is 0.2 mol/L.
Experimental example 3
Combining the cultivation method for the stress resistance of the wheat with the cultivation methods of comparative examples 1 and 2: and (4) carrying out test verification by adopting a conventional wheat planting method.
And (3) a test base: yadu district test field in Shanxi province and Linfen City
In 10 last ten days of 2018, the test field is divided into 9 cells, and 10m is harvested in each cell2And an interval is arranged between every two adjacent blocks, so that mutual influence is avoided. Watering and fertilizing are carried out regularly to ensure normal growth.
Harvesting in 5 middle of the year, and measuring the growth index of wheat such as yield and grain fullness in laboratory
The standard records are shown in table 4, and the comparison table of wheat yield and quality shows that the yield of the cultivation method is improved and the cultivation method has certain value-added benefit from table 4.
By combining the analysis and comprehensively considering the yield, the quality and the commodity appearance of the wheat, the cultivation method for improving the stress resistance of the wheat has superiority in the aspects of glyphosate resistance, yield and quality.
According to the cultivation method for improving the stress resistance of the wheat, provided by the invention, the glyphosate-resistant wheat plant is screened by using sodium ethylmethyl sulfonate for mutagenesis, the seed germination is promoted by using the growth regulator, the germination rate and the uniformity of the seed are ensured, the stress resistance of the seed or the plant is improved, and then the seed is continuously cultivated at the temperature of-1 ℃, so that the seed has certain cold resistance, and thus the wheat plant with the stress resistance is obtained.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (9)
1. A cultivation method for improving stress resistance of wheat is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s101, soaking wheat seeds in an ethane-methyl-sodium sulfonate solution with the concentration of 0.05-0.5 (mol/L), treating the wheat seeds with a glyphosate solution with the concentration of 2.4-3.2 (g/L), washing, taking out and airing;
s102, placing the aired seeds in a growth regulator, and continuously soaking for 20-30 hours at 24-30 ℃;
s103, placing the seeds obtained in the step S102 in a matrix to be cultured until the seeds germinate;
and S104, transplanting the germinated wheat seedlings into nutrient soil, continuously culturing for 5-10 days at the temperature of-1 ℃, and culturing by a conventional method until the wheat seedlings are mature.
2. The cultivation method for improving stress resistance of wheat as claimed in claim 1, wherein the growth regulator comprises betaine, gibberellin, kinetin and corn pollen liquid.
3. The cultivation method for improving stress resistance of wheat according to claim 2, wherein the weight ratio of the betaine, the gibberellin, the kinetin and the corn pollen solution is 0.2-1: 2.4-3.2: 0.05-0.2: 0.5-1.5.
4. The cultivation method for improving stress resistance of wheat according to claim 1, wherein the substrate is a porous sponge as a substrate carrier, and a culture substrate is injected into the porous sponge to obtain a sponge medium culture medium, wherein the culture substrate is prepared by crushing and composting wheat straws, corn straws and pumice.
5. The cultivation method for improving stress resistance of wheat according to claim 1, wherein the substrate is cultivated by taking a cultivation shelf as a carrier and one or more of plant ash, cane sugar, quicklime, sawdust and wheat bran as a mixture.
6. The cultivation method for improving stress resistance of wheat according to claim 5, wherein the weight ratio of plant ash, cane sugar, quicklime, sawdust and wheat bran is 1-5: 1-10: 15-20: 8-12: 10 to 15.
7. The cultivation method for improving stress resistance of wheat according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the cultivation is carried out at a temperature of 5-8 ℃ under 1200-1300 Lux conditions until germination.
8. The cultivation method for improving stress resistance of wheat according to claim 7, wherein the nutrient soil is prepared by taking organic fertilizer wormcast as a substrate and matching with peat soil, coconut coir, perlite and river sand.
9. The cultivation method for improving stress resistance of wheat according to claim 8, wherein the weight ratio of peat soil, coconut coir, perlite and river sand is 10:5:5: 2.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114885771A (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-08-12 | 西藏自治区农牧科学院农业研究所 | Cultivation method for improving stress resistance of wheat |
| CN115176556A (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2022-10-14 | 西南民族大学 | Method for improving stress resistance of plants |
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