CN107118058A - A kind of water conservation fertilizer changes the multi-functional red soil conditioner of acid type and its application - Google Patents
A kind of water conservation fertilizer changes the multi-functional red soil conditioner of acid type and its application Download PDFInfo
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- CN107118058A CN107118058A CN201710398289.0A CN201710398289A CN107118058A CN 107118058 A CN107118058 A CN 107118058A CN 201710398289 A CN201710398289 A CN 201710398289A CN 107118058 A CN107118058 A CN 107118058A
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- red soil
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/70—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting wettability, e.g. drying agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2109/00—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE pH regulation
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
Change the multi-functional red soil conditioner of acid type and its application the invention discloses a kind of water conservation fertilizer.The mass percent composition of the red soil conditioner is as follows：Human and animal excreta 40%；Lignite ash 20%；Sepiolite 25%；Perlite 15%；The sepiolite is in powdered, and its particle diameter is 0.177mm；The perlite is in powdered, and its particle diameter is 0.25mm.Water conservation fertilizer of the present invention, which changes the multi-functional red soil conditioner of acid type, has preferable water retention, and fully after water suction, its allowance for expansion reaches 42ml/g, and soil can also be evacuated in addition, can keep soil from packing together；Water conservation fertilizer of the present invention changes acid type red soil conditioner, and there is good fertilizer to change sour effect, the content of exchangeable calcium and exchangeable magnesium in soil is improved simultaneously, therefore, the conditioner can not only reduce soil aciditiy, but also significantly make up the deficiency of calcium in red soil, magnesium.Water conservation fertilizer of the present invention changes acid type red soil conditioner has production-increasing function to crop, has very broad application prospects.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of soil conditioner and its application, and in particular to a kind of water conservation fertilizer changes the multi-functional red soil of acid type
Conditioner and its application.
Background technology
Red soil is mainly distributed on the provinces such as Hunan, Jiangxi, Fujian, the Guangxi of south China, and cultivated area accounts for national total
The 28% of cultivated area, is south China MAIN SOILS resource.However, due to long-term intensive utilization, modern agriculture in addition
The chemicalization influence for the human factor such as tending to so that South Red Soil Region farmland cultivated land resource, agricultural production and ecological environment it is crisp
Weak property is gradually highlighted, and is mainly shown as acid strong, poor water retention property, and the cation exchange capacity of soil is relatively low, nutrient keeping quality
Can be poor, adverse effect is brought to plant growth, the grain security and agricultural sustainable development of China is seriously threaten.
The problem of water retention is poor usually is solved using the method for rice husk is applied in agricultural production Peasants, not only
Take a lot of work and effect is undesirable, be also not enough to solve nutrient supplying capability difference and suppress the problem of soil is further acidified.
The content of the invention
Change the multi-functional red soil conditioner of acid type, the red soil conditioner collection it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of water conservation fertilizer
Water-retaining property, nutrient supplying capability and soil acidity regulation performance are in one, with obvious Water-saving effect, can significantly improve soil calcium and magnesium
Deng nutrient content, improved soil acidity increases crop yield more than 38%, has very broad application prospects.
Water conservation fertilizer provided by the present invention changes the multi-functional red soil conditioner of acid type, and its mass percent composition is as follows：
Human and animal excreta 40%；
Lignite ash 20%；
Sepiolite 25%；
Perlite 15%.
In red soil conditioner of the present invention, the sepiolite is a kind of rich magnesium silicate clay mineral, wherein SiO2Content 54
~60%, MgO 21~25%, specific surface area is larger, mainly originates in the ground such as Hunan, Jiangxi.The present invention uses powdered Hai Pao
Stone, preferable particle size is 0.177mm powdered sepiolite.
In red soil conditioner of the present invention, the pearl series of rocks high-temperature roasting is formed, and in cell foams shape grain structure, is had
Countless irregular closed apertures, two or three of apertures, which are connected, forms larger space；There is this structure gas permeability, absorption, soil moisture conservation to protect
The good characteristics such as fertilizer.In addition, the perlite is in itself also containing nutrients such as potassium, phosphorus, silicon, calcium.The present invention is using powdered
Perlite, preferable particle size be 0.25mm powdered perlite.
In red soil conditioner of the present invention, the human and animal excreta concretely pig manure, more preferably dry pig manure, i.e. quality is aqueous
Rate is not higher than 10.0%.
Red soil conditioner of the present invention can be prepared as follows：, will be described according to the mass percent
Human and animal excreta, the lignite ash, the sepiolite and the perlite are mixed evenly and produced.
The method for improving red soil using red soil conditioner of the present invention comprises the following steps：It regard the red soil conditioner as base
Fertilizer is applied in red soil；
The amount of application of the red soil conditioner can be 150~200kg/ mus.
Need to plough the crop of soil before sowing for wheat, sudangrass etc., amount of application is 200kg/ mus, and time of application is
One-time use before spring soil tillage, method of application be row replacement after plough；
The vegetable cultivation system transplanted for capsicum, asparagus lettuce etc., amount of application is 150kg/ mus, and method of application is cave
Apply, carry out digging cave according to 4000 plants every mu of planting densities, modifying agent is applied in the bottom in cave by cave depth 40cm, cave diameter 40cm
Portion, then 1~2cm of earthing depth, to keep safe distance with root system, it is to avoid the harmful effect such as " burning root ".
Red soil conditioner of the present invention can be applied to improve in red soil, specifically can behave as following aspects：
1) water holding capacity of red soil is improved；
Red soil conditioner of the present invention can significantly improve the water content of red soil.
2) pH value of red soil is improved；
The field test of the specific embodiment of the invention shows, red soil conditioner of the present invention can improved soil it is acid, carry
High soil pH, can reduce soil aciditiy, and 1.0 units are up to compared to control treatment increase rate, and Soil building effect shows
Write.
3) content of exchangeable calcium and exchangeable magnesium in red soil is improved；
The field test of the specific embodiment of the invention shows that red soil conditioner of the present invention can improve exchangeability in soil
The content of calcium and exchangeable magnesium, increase rate is respectively 50% and 112%, significantly makes up the deficiency of calcium in red soil, magnesium.
4) yield of red soil long-term cropping is improved.
The field test of the specific embodiment of the invention shows that red soil conditioner of the present invention can significantly improve crops
Yield, such as wheat biological yield increase by 6 times, and sudangrass biological yield increases by 27 times, significantly increases the life of wheat and sudangrass
Produce amount.
The field test of the specific embodiment of the invention shows that red soil conditioner of the present invention can significantly improve the production of vegetables
Amount, the yield increasing degree of such as capsicum and asparagus lettuce respectively reaches 38.7% and 133%.
Compared with prior art, red soil conditioner of the present invention has advantages below：
Water conservation fertilizer of the present invention, which changes the multi-functional red soil conditioner of acid type, has preferable water retention, fully after water suction, its
Allowance for expansion reaches 42ml/g, and soil can also be evacuated in addition, can keep soil from packing together；The field examination of the specific embodiment of the invention
Test the soil moisture ratio after surface applied conditioner of the present invention and compare high by 20.1%, water conservation result is obvious.Water conservation of the present invention is supplied
Fertilizer changes acid type red soil conditioner, and there is good fertilizer to change sour effect, as the specific embodiment of the invention plants wheat and herbage
Field test shows, can improve soil pH using conditioner of the present invention, increase rate is up to 1.0 units, while improving soil
The content of exchangeable calcium and exchangeable magnesium in earth, increase rate is respectively 50% and 112%, and therefore, the conditioner can not only
Soil aciditiy is reduced, but also significantly makes up the deficiency of calcium in red soil, magnesium.Water conservation fertilizer of the present invention changes acid type red soil conditioner pair
There is crop the field test in production-increasing function, the specific embodiment of the invention to show, after soil conditioner, and wheat is biological
Yield increases by 6 times, and sudangrass biological yield increases by 27 times, significantly increases wheat and the biological yield of sudangrass；Using soil
The yield increase of capsicum and asparagus lettuce after conditioner, increasing degree respectively reaches 38.7% and 133%.
Embodiment
Experimental method used in following embodiments is conventional method unless otherwise specified.
Material, reagent used etc., unless otherwise specified, are commercially obtained in following embodiments.
The investigation of the particle diameter of embodiment 1, powdered sepiolite and perlite
Absorption analysis feature of the sepiolite to nutrient that particle diameter is respectively 0.177mm, 0.500mm and 1.000mm is investigated, is surveyed
Test result is as shown in table 1.
The different-grain diameter miberal powder of table 1 is to Nutrient absorption analysis feature measurement result
The sepiolite powder of different-grain diameter in table 1 shows that particle diameter is thinner to the absorption analysis result of nutrient, and N P and K is supported
The absorption parsing effect divided is better, and particle diameter is 0.177mm sepiolite powder to nitrogen (NH4 +) adsorbance can reach miberal powder weight
The 0.3% of amount, the adsorbance to phosphorus element can reach the 0.4% of miberal powder weight, and the adsorbance to potassium is all higher than nitrogen phosphorus, reachable
To 0.7%.Desorbed with KCl solution, the desorption quantity of N P and K is up to 50~80%.
Absorption analysis feature of the perlite to nutrient of different fineness is investigated according to above-mentioned test, as a result with sepiolite powder pair
The absorption analysis result of nutrient is similar, while taking into account the availability and price of the perlite raw material of different-grain diameter, preferably grain
Footpath is 0.25mm powdered perlite.
Embodiment 2, the red soil conditioner for preparing the present invention
Each component is weighed by following mass percents：
Dry pig manure (quality moisture content is 9.0%) 40%, lignite ash 20%, powdered sepiolite (particle diameter is 0.177mm)
25%th, powdered perlite (particle diameter is 0.25mm) 15%.
Above-mentioned each component is well mixed and obtains red soil conditioner of the present invention.
The performance test of embodiment 3, red soil conditioner of the present invention
Red soil conditioner prepared by embodiment 2 is used for following contrast tests, and the present embodiment is tested in Hunan Province Qiyang County
Typical dry farmland carry out, the soil parent material of the red soil on the ground is Quaternary Red Soil.Test group is made using the embodiment of the present invention 2
Standby soil conditioner, control group and test group apply fertilizer to the subsoil it is identical, the base fertilizer specifically applied be nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer (N P and K
Nutrient content be N 15%, P2O515% and K2O 15%), amount of application is 40kg/ mus.Check plot and test group (are applied and adjusted
Manage agent) consumption, time of application and the method for application of chemical fertilizer in region be to enter according to the habits fertilization pattern of experimental field peasant household
OK, remaining cultivation management measure is also identical with local conventional method.
The area of check plot and each test process cell is 200m2More than, it is repeated 3 times, according to serpentine in trial zone
Line carries out the soil of multipoint acquisition top layer (0~20cm), with the collection of pedotheque after experiment, preparation, detection and guarantor before testing
Deposit according to《Soil Analysis in Agricultural Chemistry》The third edition (Bao Shidan is edited, 2005) is carried out.
Experimental field：Hunan Province Qiyang County；
2010~2012 years, wheat, sudangrass, capsicum and asparagus lettuce, field test；
Need to plough the crop of soil before sowing for wheat, sudangrass etc., amount of application is 200kg/ mus, and time of application is
One-time use before spring soil tillage, method of application earth's surface is ploughed after uniformly spreading fertilizer over the fields；
The vegetable cultivation system transplanted for capsicum, asparagus lettuce etc., amount of application is 150kg/ mus, and method of application is cave
Apply, carry out digging cave according to 4000 plants every mu of planting densities, modifying agent is applied in the bottom in cave by cave depth 40cm, cave diameter 40cm
Portion, then 1~2cm of earthing depth, to keep safe distance with root system, it is to avoid the harmful effect such as " burning root ".
First, soil conditioner of the present invention has preferable water retention
Soil conditioner water imbibition of the present invention is stronger, and fully after water suction, allowance for expansion reaches 42ml/g；It can also evacuate in addition
Soil, can keep soil from packing together.The situation of 20mm rainfalls, after 1 day, the phase with not applying modifying agent are simulated in glasshouse
Than, after soil water evaporation amount being reduced 3.8 ± 0.11%, 2 days, it is possible to reduce soil water evaporation amount 10.7 ± 0.13%,
Therefore, it is possible to significantly reduce moisture evaporation, Water-saving effect is obvious.
The field test result of Upland Red Soil shows that bar performs base manure, and the water content for determining soil after rainfall for 3 days is 17.3
± 0.61%, the soil moisture content that modifying agent is not applied is 14.4 ± 0.26%, is compared using the soil moisture content after conditioner
According to high by 20.1%, Water-saving effect is obvious.
2nd, there is soil conditioner of the present invention good fertilizer to change sour effect
Uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields to sample after soil conditioner of the present invention, plantation wheat and herbage, harvest before Upland Red Soil arable land and survey
The result determined in the nutrient of soil, table 2 shows, soil pH can be improved using conditioner of the present invention, and increase rate is up to 1.0
Individual unit；The content of exchangeable calcium and exchangeable magnesium in soil is improved simultaneously, and increase rate is respectively 50% and 112%；Table
Bright soil conditioner of the present invention can not only reduce soil aciditiy, but also significantly make up the deficiency of calcium in red soil, magnesium.
Table 2 is applied after soil conditioner to red soil chemical property trend
Note：The soil parent material of red soil is Quaternary Red Soil, and significant difference between " * " expression processing reaches p<0.05 level.
3rd, soil conditioner of the present invention has production-increasing function to crops
The kind of wheat is Hunan wheat No. 11, and sowing in October, Second Year harvest in April determines biological yield.After harvesting wheat, broadcast
Plant sudangrass.After soil conditioner, wheat biological yield increases by 6 times, and sudangrass biological yield increases by 27 times, dramatically increases
The biological yield of wheat and sudangrass, as shown in table 3.
Table 3 applies the variation tendency of crops biological yield after soil conditioner
Note：Significant difference between " * " expression processing, reaches p<0.05 level.
4th, soil conditioner of the present invention has production-increasing function to vegetables
Capsicum is one of major economic crops of khoai, before capsicum is transplanted, conditioner of spreading manuer in holes, soil conditioning of the present invention
The consumption of agent is 150kg/ mus, and April 21 transplanted, and July 19, harvest, was compared with the biological yield of individual plant；Asparagus lettuce October
Transplant within 19th, also in conditioner of being spreaded manuer in holes before transplanting, amount of application is 150kg/ mus, and December 19 harvested, with the biology of individual plant
Yield is compared.The yield result of table 4 shows, using the yield increase of capsicum after conditioner and asparagus lettuce, increasing degree difference
Reach 38.7% and 133%.
Table 4 applies the variation tendency of yield of vegetables after soil conditioner
Note：Significant difference between " * " expression processing, reaches p<0.05 level.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of water conservation fertilizer changes the multi-functional red soil conditioner of acid type, its mass percent composition is as follows：
Human and animal excreta 40%；
Lignite ash 20%；
Sepiolite 25%；
Perlite 15%.
2. red soil conditioner according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The sepiolite is in powdered, and its particle diameter is
0.177mm。
3. red soil conditioner according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The perlite is in powdered, and its particle diameter is
0.25mm。
4. the red soil conditioner according to any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that：The human and animal excreta is pig manure.
Improve the method for red soil 5. a kind of, including red soil conditioner any one of claim 1-4 is applied as base manure
Step in red soil.
6. method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The amount of application of the red soil conditioner is 150~200kg/
Mu.
7. application of the red soil conditioner any one of claim 1-4 in red soil is improved.
8. red soil conditioner any one of claim 1-4 is following 1) -4) in it is any in application：
1) water holding capacity of red soil is improved；
2) pH value of red soil is improved；
3) content of exchangeable calcium and exchangeable magnesium in red soil is improved；
4) yield of red soil long-term cropping is improved.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN107955614A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-04-24 | 南昌大学 | A kind of Southern Red Soil modifying agent and its application method based on mining area tailings |
| CN108147921A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-06-12 | 中国农业科学院衡阳红壤实验站 | A kind of deacidification promotes the red soil conditioner and its method of administration of plant growth |
| CN110143840A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-08-20 | 云南农业大学 | A kind of water conservation fertilizer changes acid type mountain plateau red soil improving agent and its application |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110143840A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-08-20 | 云南农业大学 | A kind of water conservation fertilizer changes acid type mountain plateau red soil improving agent and its application |
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