CN103130573B - Compression-type forest tree species cultivates matrix - Google Patents
Compression-type forest tree species cultivates matrix Download PDFInfo
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- CN103130573B CN103130573B CN201310081234.9A CN201310081234A CN103130573B CN 103130573 B CN103130573 B CN 103130573B CN 201310081234 A CN201310081234 A CN 201310081234A CN 103130573 B CN103130573 B CN 103130573B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of compression-type forest tree species and cultivate matrix, it makes compressed block after the raw material mixture by following weight percents: sandy soil 10-20%, the agriculture and forestry organic waste material 75-85% become thoroughly decomposed, peach gum 0.1-5%.The present invention is with low cost, makes full use of a large amount of cheap agriculture and forestry organic waste materials, namely creates economic benefit, bring environmental benefit again.Do the product of matrix production with the present invention, nursery stock company can be supplied in batches, afforestation enterprise carries out forest tree propagation for mass-producing, also can addedly sell; cultivate in family indoor for individual; enjoy, the nursery stock portable simultaneously cultivated is outdoor, indirectly also protects environment.The present invention can improve the percentage of germination of seeds, and plays the effect in strong sprout.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Forest tree cultivation matrix, specifically a kind of compression-type forest tree species cultivates matrix.
Background technology
The cultivation of forest industry seedling generally can have been come by two kinds of modes, one is adopt the vegetative mode such as cuttage, tissue culture, vegetative propagation can reach and keep the good character of breeding and the object of Fast-propagation, but also there is the shortcoming of its essence, i.e. vegetative forest diversity, the poor-performing such as adaptability and resistance to changing environment; Two is the modes adopting sexual propagation, namely utilize seed to breed, the nursery stock obtained by seed growing has stronger adaptive faculty, and can keep the diversity of species gene resource, the species extinction being unlikely to occurrence of large-area disease and pest or causing because of incident.
Breeding of forest is normally carried out in units such as nursery stock company, afforestation enterprises, very high to the requirement of soil in the reproductive process of forest seedling, as the water and fertilizer condition of soil, the soft degree etc. of soil, capital affects the percentage of germination of seed and the surviving rate of seedling, and, a piece of land generally also needs nursery stock or other farm crop of shifting cultivation different tree species in sequence, otherwise the result that soil fertility reduces and disease and pest increases the weight of can be caused.
Carry out forest tree propagation by the forest tree species of breed good, need applicable culture medium.Existing culture medium, when for cultivating forest tree species, have the problem that germination rate is low and plant is short, and the main component of existing cultivation matrix is peat, and peat is Nonrenewable resources, and it is expensive, and the cost of matrix is improved.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is just to provide a kind of compression-type forest tree species and cultivates matrix, with the agriculture and forestry organic waste material become thoroughly decomposed for main ingredient, and adds special nutrition additive, to solve the low problem of forest tree species germination rate, reduces the production cost of matrix simultaneously.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of compression-type forest tree species cultivates matrix, makes compressed block by after the raw material mixture of following weight percents:
Sandy soil 10-20%,
The agriculture and forestry organic waste material 75-85% become thoroughly decomposed,
Peach gum 0.1-5%.
Described agriculture and forestry organic waste material at least comprises the one in mushroom residue, Cortex Pini, withered leaf or stalk.
The sediment concentration of described sandy soil is 60-80%.
Expansion multiple after described compressed block water suction is 3-5 times.
The present invention is applicable to the woody seeds of easy germination or Woody flower etc. that particle diameter is less than 6mm, thickness is less than 2mm.Used peach gum is Powdered, plays the effect of binding agent in the present invention, and with the shape making substrate block keep complete, peach gum also can be the sprouting of seeds and growth provides nutrition simultaneously, thus is conducive to the raising of seeds percentage of germination, is conducive to the growth of nursery stock.
The present invention is with low cost, does not use peat, makes full use of a large amount of, cheap agriculture and forestry organic waste materials, both greatly reduces cost, and brought environmental benefit again.The present invention can improve the percentage of germination of cultivated seeds, and can be forest seedling Rapid development and provide sufficient nutrient, and the seedling that the forest seedling cultivated is cultivated compared with generic media is more tall and big, healthy and strong.
With the matrix prepared by the present invention; coordinate cultivation box, coverture, seeds, packing box and specification sheets etc.; make merchandise sales; nursery stock company can be supplied in batches, afforestation enterprise carries out forest tree propagation for mass-producing; also can cultivate in family indoor for individual; enjoy, the nursery stock portable simultaneously cultivated is outdoor, indirectly also protects environment.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
Take sandy soil 10g, mushroom residue 85g, peach gum 5g, by above raw material pulverizing, stirring, mix, sieve after, being pressed into is highly the patty compressed substrate block that 2-3cm, diameter are 3cm, at the pit of the center of compressed substrate block compacting in order to place seeds, pit diameter is 8mm, and the degree of depth is 3mm.
According to the compressed substrate block that above formula ratio is made, after water suction, volumetric expansion multiple is 4.5 times.
Embodiment 2:
Take sandy soil 19.5g, the Cortex Pini 80g become thoroughly decomposed, peach gum 0.5g, by above raw material pulverizing, stirring, mix, sieve after, be pressed into is highly patty compressed substrate block that 2-3cm, diameter are 3cm, at the pit of the center of compressed substrate block compacting in order to place seeds, pit diameter is 8mm, and the degree of depth is 3mm.
According to the compressed substrate block that above formula ratio is made, after water suction, volumetric expansion multiple is 3 times.
Embodiment 3:
Take sandy soil 15g, the Cortex Pini 40g become thoroughly decomposed, the stalk 44.9g become thoroughly decomposed, peach gum 0.1g, by above raw material pulverizing, stirring, mix, sieve after, be pressed into is highly patty compressed substrate block that 2-3cm, diameter are 3cm, at the pit of the center of compressed substrate block compacting in order to place seeds, pit diameter is 8mm, and the degree of depth is 3mm.
According to the compressed substrate block that above formula ratio is made, after water suction, volumetric expansion multiple is 3.5 times.
Embodiment 4:
The stalk 44g take sandy soil 10g, the Cortex Pini 40g become thoroughly decomposed, becoming thoroughly decomposed, the withered leaf 5g become thoroughly decomposed, peach gum 1g, by above raw material pulverizing, stirring, mix, sieve after, be pressed into is highly patty compressed substrate block that 2-3cm, diameter are 3cm, at the pit of the center of compressed substrate block compacting in order to place seeds, pit diameter is 8mm, and the degree of depth is 3mm.
According to the compressed substrate block that above formula ratio is made, after water suction, volumetric expansion multiple is 5 times.
Test 1:
Compressed substrate block prepared by proportioning given by embodiment 1-4 is put into cultivation box, add water and make the water-swelling of compressed substrate block to state of saturation, 2-3 grain Chinese toon seeds are placed in pit, then at the grains of sand coverture of surface coverage one deck particle diameter 0.5-2mm of compressed substrate block, play and push down seeds and the effect keeping substrate block moisture, then cultivation box is placed in the indoor of temperature 22-28 DEG C, ensure that light application time is no less than 6h, germinating time, percentage of germination, the plant height of statistics seeds, result is as table 1.
table 1: Chinese toon seeds growing state data statistics
| Germinating time (d) | Percentage of germination (%) | 25 days heights of seedling (cm) | 50 days heights of seedling (cm) | |
| Embodiment 1 | 3-7 | ≥85 | 12.1 | 14.3 |
| Embodiment 2 | 3-7 | ≥90 | 11.1 | 14.0 |
| Embodiment 3 | 3-7 | ≥83 | 13.1 | 15.5 |
| Embodiment 4 | 3-7 | ≥80 | 12.3 | 15.2 |
Test 2:
By according to embodiment 2 the compressed substrate block prepared to proportioning be divided into 4 groups to put into cultivation box respectively, add water and make the water-swelling of compressed substrate block to state of saturation, the seeds of Chinese toon, tree-of-heaven, Chinese pine, tamarack Four Plants are placed in pit, then at the grains of sand coverture of surface coverage one deck particle diameter 0.5-2mm of substrate block to push down seeds and to keep compressed substrate block moisture, then cultivation box is placed in the indoor of temperature 22-28 DEG C, ensure that light application time is no less than 6h, germinating time, the percentage of germination of statistics seeds, result is as table 2.
table 2: different tree species germinating time and percentage of germination statistics:
| Germinating time (d) | Percentage of germination (%) | Seeds particle diameter (mm) | |
| Chinese toon | 3-7 | ≥85 | 3mm |
| Tree-of-heaven | 10-20 | ≥80 | 5mm |
| Chinese pine | 7-20 | ≥75 | 5mm |
| Tamarack | 7-20 | ≥75 | 2mm |
Test 3:
The substrate block prepare the proportioning of giving according to embodiment 2 and common rural area soil, peat and the Cortex Pini that becomes thoroughly decomposed, sow Chinese toon seeds respectively, and statistics germinating time, percentage of germination, plant height, result is as table 3.
table 3: Chinese toon tree kind of growing state data statistics on different substrates:
| Matrix | Germinating time (d) | Percentage of germination (%) | 25 days heights of seedling (cm) | 50 days heights of seedling (cm) |
| Embodiment 2 | 3-7 | 85.3 | 11.1 | 14.3 |
| Become thoroughly decomposed Cortex Pini | 3-7 | 78.5 | 9.2 | 12.1 |
| Peat | 3-7 | 76.2 | 10.1 | 13.1 |
| Common rural area soil | 3-7 | 74.1 | 9.0 | 12.3 |
From above experimental result, cultivation matrix provided by the present invention is used for cultivating seeds, has higher germination rate, and upgrowth situation is good, and the plant cultivated is also taller and bigger; When cultivated plant shoots grows to 15cm, can transplant to outdoor with substrate block, convenient and strength-saving.
It is more than several specific embodiment of the present invention; not in order to limit the scope of the invention; cultivate in the preparation process of matrix in the present invention; can be added some and contribute to the materials such as seeds germination and growing plants hormone; and add some sterilants as derosal, m-tetrachlorophthalodinitrile etc., and add water-holding agent to help maintenance moisture.
Claims (4)
1. use compression-type forest tree species to cultivate a method for matrix cultivation seeds, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) described compression-type forest tree species is cultivated matrix and is made compressed block by after the raw material mixture of following weight percents, at the pit of the center of described compressed substrate block compacting in order to place seeds:
Sandy soil 10-20%,
The agriculture and forestry organic waste material 75-85% become thoroughly decomposed,
Peach gum 0.1-5%;
(2) described compressed block is put into cultivation box, add water and make compressed block water-swelling to state of saturation, 2-3 grain seeds are placed in the pit of compressed block, then the grains of sand coverture of one deck particle diameter 0.5-2mm is covered, play and push down seeds and the effect keeping compressed block moisture, then cultivation box is placed in the indoor of temperature 22-28 DEG C, ensures that light application time is no less than 6h;
Described seeds are the woody seeds of easy germination or Woody flower seeds that particle diameter is less than 6mm, thickness is less than 2mm.
2. use compression-type forest tree species according to claim 1 cultivates the method that matrix cultivates seeds, and it is characterized in that, described agriculture and forestry organic waste material at least comprises the one in mushroom residue, Cortex Pini, withered leaf or stalk.
3. use compression-type forest tree species according to claim 1 cultivates the method that matrix cultivates seeds, and it is characterized in that, the sediment concentration of described sandy soil is 60-80%.
4. use compression-type forest tree species according to claim 1 cultivates the method that matrix cultivates seeds, it is characterized in that, the expansion multiple after described compressed block water suction is 3-5 times.
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| CN101015247A (en) * | 2006-02-10 | 2007-08-15 | 帛鑫国际有限公司 | Organic cultivating medium, cultivating structure and cultivating method thereof |
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