CN105359905A - Caryaillinoensis high pressure seedling growing method - Google Patents
Caryaillinoensis high pressure seedling growing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105359905A CN105359905A CN201510657541.6A CN201510657541A CN105359905A CN 105359905 A CN105359905 A CN 105359905A CN 201510657541 A CN201510657541 A CN 201510657541A CN 105359905 A CN105359905 A CN 105359905A
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- seedling
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a Caryaillinoensis high pressure seedling growing method. The method comprises the steps of 1) accelerating germination at high temperature; 2) root-breaking transplanting; 3) field positioning, watering thoroughly after field planting and watering thoroughly once every 15 days; 4) high pressure: at the beginning of September, girdling the seedling at the position 10cm above the ground until the xylem, and the girdling width is 2.5mm; then smearing the seedling with 500ppm NNA; putting the seedling in a polybag after smearing and the polybag is filled with matrix (peat:perlite: vermiculite: garden soil=3:3:1:3); and holding the soil water content at 60%; 5) field planting: in the next spring, cutting off the seedling below the girdling position; removing the polybag and planting the seedling in the field; and then performing normal fertilizer and water management. According to the method, the high pressure survival rate is up to 50%; waste stock resource can be fully utilized; seed cost is saved; seedling growing cost is reduced; and the meaning for industrialization production of the Caryaillinoensis seedling growing is important.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to forest and fruit tree cultivation technical field, be specifically related to the method for a kind of apocarya high pressure nursery.
Background technology
Apocarya, has another name called pecan tree, is a kind in Juglandaceae, hickory.Originating in the U.S. and Mexico, is one of important in the world oil plant dry fruit tree variety, and the thin easy stripping of its shell, kernel is plump, taste is fragrant good to eat, has higher nutritive value.Trunk leads to straight, tree-like grace, well established and vigorously developing, is to turn the four sides green and the fine tree species of ornamental plantation.The simultaneously tough and tensile densification of timber, heartwood is dark red, sapwood is yellowish-white, full of elasticity, not yielding and cracking, is the fine timber tree species such as building, noble furniture.Therefore, apocarya is that purposes is wide, the obvious excellent economic tree of benefit period length, high financial profit, social benefit and ecological benefits.
Apocarya introduced China in 1900, so far the history of existing 113 years, though through the unremitting effort of several generations, there is no the standing forest of a slice specification and the orchard of a stable and high yields at present, let alone scale and industrialization.The roasted seeds and nuts " green fruit " of existing market sale, " Longevity ", all from imported from America.Why there is this situation, have many masters, odjective cause.Apocarya improved seeds breed mainly through propagation by grafiting, propagation by grafiting stock used is mainly from root anvil, and the seedling that apocarya planting seed is cultivated, Nanjing Lv Zhou apocarya Science and Technology Ltd., through years of researches, solve the bottleneck problem one by one of restriction China's apocarya industrialization aspect gradually.
Apocarya seed spring, Qiu Junke sowing.No matter be sow in spring or autumn sowing, seed is easily gnawed by mouse, bird.Sometimes weather arid, seed dehydration, emergence rate is low.Sow in spring and generally carry out at late March or the first tenday period of a month in April.But be no matter sow in spring or autumn sowing, annual seedling is difficult to reach can the degree of grafting, generally needs ability grafting after two Growing season.For this reason, in order to shortening the breeding cycle, applicant is through studying for many years, the method (patent No. ZL201210351615.X) of having invented the vernalization in early spring in winter in evening of a kind of apocarya seed utilizes the method to make planting seed shift to an earlier date more than 2 months, is the important technological innovation of of apocarya nursery.
Apocarya has deep-rootedness, and the bareroot seedling side root that traditional field seedling raising mode is cultivated is few, and seedling quality is poor, and transplanting survival rate is low, and transplanting seedling time is long.For this reason, applicant has invented a kind of method (ZL201210351736.4) promoting raw apocarya seed seedling side root generation then, the method is compared with traditional field seedling raising method, facilitate the generation of side root, solving the problem that transplanting survival rate is low, is another important technological innovation of China's apocarya nursery aspect.
Because apocarya seed price costliness causes seedling cost too high.Apocarya 1 kilogram of seed is about 100-160 grain, and germination rate is 60%, and planting percent is 95%, and every kilogram of seed planting percent is 52-65, so the seed costs price of every seedling is 1 yuan to 2 yuan.After the apocarya summer budding of life in other 1 year, winter will carry out stump after fallen leaves, and the annotinous branch after stump, without any value, causes the wasting of resources.If the problem of apocarya seedling high pressure can be solved, the waste resource of more than grafting mouth can be made full use of, apocarya stock cost will be reduced, solve the problem by the numerous seedling stock of grafting, the effective industrialization promoting and promote apocarya.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the method for a kind of apocarya high pressure nursery.
Object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A method for apocarya high pressure nursery, comprises the steps:
1) high temperature vernalization, chooses full apocarya seed, and soak seed after pesticide-germicide process 20 ~ 28h, and dried by surface moisture after seed soaking, then carry out Stratificated treatment, at the beginning of annual 2 months, carry out high temperature vernalization in plastic tunnel, temperature is 20 ~ 25 DEG C;
2) to be completely cured transplanting, by the end of March every year, to be transplanted to after bud seedling physics is completely cured in the black polypropylene plastic nutritional alms bowl of 13cm × 20cm;
3) location, land for growing field crops, every year at the beginning of by the end of April ~ 5 months, apocarya container seedling is colonizated in large Tanaka, seeding row spacing is 30cm × 40cm, waters permeable after field planting, after this waters once permeable every 15 days;
4) high pressure, late August ~ mid-September, band girdle is carried out in the place apart from ground 10-15 centimetre, ring-peeling depth is to xylem, width is 2-3mm, then smears with the NAA of 400 ~ 700ppm, carries out bagging after smearing, in bag, matrix (peat: perlite: vermiculite: rural area soil=3 ~ 5:2 ~ 4:1:2 ~ 5) is housed, keeps water content of substrate 60%;
5) field planting, in spring next year, below band girdle, place cuts off, and then removes plastic sack, is colonizated in large Tanaka, then carries out normal rich water quality management.
Step 2) in selected black polypropylene plastic nutritional alms bowl refer to that the surrounding at above 5cm place bottom nutritive cube is uniform-distribution with the black polypropylene plastic nutritional alms bowl that 4 ~ 6 diameters are the aperture of 0.3 ~ 0.8cm.
Step 3) in the method for watering be adopt flood irrigation.
Step 3) in the frequency of watering be every 15 days 1 time.
Step 4) time of mesohigh is in early September.
Step 4) in the height of band girdle be 10cm.
Step 4) in the width of band girdle be 2.5mm.
Step 4) in the concentration of NAA be 500ppm.
Step 4) described in matrix formulations be peat: perlite: vermiculite: rural area soil mass ratio is preferably 3:3:1:3.Beneficial effect:
The method of a kind of apocarya of the present invention high pressure nursery has the method (201210351615.X) of a kind of apocarya of patent seed vernalization in early spring in winter in evening and a kind of further innovation promoting to give birth to then on method (201210351736.4) basis of apocarya seed seedling side root generation applicant.Utilize the method not only can increase by more than 2 months apocarya seedling growth phase, the nursery stock side root of formation is many, and transplanting survival rate is high.And high pressure survival rate is to 50%, the waste resource of more than grafting mouth can be made full use of, reduce apocarya stock cost, solve the problem by the numerous seedling stock of grafting, the effective industrialization promoting and promote apocarya.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 apocarya high pressure picture
Fig. 2 apocarya high pressure survival and growth season picture
Specific implementation method
Embodiment 1
The inventive method (Fig. 2), specifically comprises the steps:
1) high temperature vernalization, chooses full apocarya seed, and soak seed after pesticide-germicide process 25h, dried by surface moisture after seed soaking, then carries out Stratificated treatment, at the beginning of annual 2 months, carry out high temperature vernalization in plastic tunnel, and temperature is 20 ~ 25 DEG C;
2) to be completely cured transplanting, by the end of March every year, to be transplanted to after bud seedling physics is completely cured in the black polypropylene plastic nutritional alms bowl of 13cm × 20cm, the apocarya of transplanting to be placed in greenhouse excessively; Bottom selected black polypropylene plastic nutritional alms bowl nutritive cube, the surrounding at above 5cm place is uniform-distribution with 6 diameters is the aperture of 0.5cm.
3) location, land for growing field crops, at the beginning of annual 5 months, apocarya container seedling is colonizated in large Tanaka, seeding row spacing is 30cm × 40cm, and after field planting, flood irrigation is watered permeable, after this waters once permeable every 15 days;
4) high pressure, early September, band girdle is carried out in the place apart from ground 10cm, ring-peeling depth is to xylem, width is 2.5mm, then smears with the NAA of 500ppm, carries out bagging (Fig. 1) after smearing, in bag, matrix (peat: perlite: vermiculite: rural area soil=3:3:1:3) is housed, keeps water content of substrate 60%; High pressure survival rate is to 50%.
5) field planting, in spring next year, below band girdle, place cuts off, and then removes plastic sack, is colonizated in large Tanaka, then carries out normal rich water quality management.
The method of applicant's conventional seedbed system in the past:
1) high temperature vernalization, chooses full apocarya seed, and soak seed after pesticide-germicide process 25h, dried by surface moisture after seed soaking, then carries out Stratificated treatment, and high temperature vernalization was carried out at the beginning of annual 2 months in plastic tunnel, and temperature is 20 ~ 25 DEG C.
2) to be completely cured transplanting, by the end of March every year, to be transplanted in the black polypropylene plastic nutritional alms bowl of 13cm × 20cm after bud seedling physics is completely cured.
3) protecting field is excessive, is placed in by the apocarya of transplanting in greenhouse excessive.
4) location, land for growing field crops, every year at the beginning of by the end of April ~ 5 months, apocarya container seedling is colonizated in large Tanaka, seeding row spacing is 30cm × 40cm, waters permeable after field planting, after this waters once permeable every 15 days.
As a result, utilize the inventive method not only can increase by more than 2 months apocarya seedling growth phase, the nursery stock side root of formation is many, and transplanting survival rate is high.And high pressure survival rate is to 50%, the waste resource of more than grafting mouth can be made full use of, the number of seedling of apocarya is made to be 1.5 times of conventional seedbed system method, reduce apocarya stock cost, solve the problem by the numerous seedling stock of grafting, the effective industrialization promoting and promote apocarya.
Table 1
| Seed amount (individual) | Germination rate | Final number of seedling | |
| The inventive method | 1000 | 650 | 975 (being 1.5 times of conventional seedbed system) |
| Conventional seedbed system method | 1000 | 650 | 650 |
Claims (8)
1. a method for apocarya high pressure nursery, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1) high temperature vernalization: choose full apocarya seed, soak seed after pesticide-germicide process 20 ~ 28h, and dried by surface moisture after seed soaking, then carry out Stratificated treatment, at the beginning of annual 2 months, carry out high temperature vernalization in plastic tunnel, temperature is 20 ~ 25 DEG C;
2) to be completely cured transplanting: annual by the end of March, be transplanted to after bud seedling physics is completely cured in the black polypropylene plastic nutritional alms bowl of 13cm × 20cm;
3) location, land for growing field crops: annual at the beginning of by the end of April ~ 5 months, apocarya container seedling is colonizated in large Tanaka, and seeding row spacing is 30cm × 40cm, waters permeable after field planting, after this waters once permeable every 15 days;
4) high pressure: late August ~ mid-September, band girdle is carried out in the place apart from ground 10-15cm, ring-peeling depth is to xylem, width is 2-3mm, then smear with the NAA of 400 ~ 700ppm, carry out bagging after smearing, in bag, matrix is housed, keep soil moisture content 60%, described matrix formulations is peat: perlite: vermiculite: rural area soil mass ratio is 3 ~ 5:2 ~ 4:1:2 ~ 5;
5) field planting: spring next year, below band girdle, place cuts off, and then removes plastic sack, is colonizated in large Tanaka, then carries out normal rich water quality management.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that step 2) in selected black polypropylene plastic nutritional alms bowl refer to that the surrounding at above 5cm place bottom nutritive cube is uniform-distribution with the black polypropylene plastic nutritional alms bowl that 4 ~ 6 diameters are the aperture of 0.3 ~ 0.8cm.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that step 3) in the method for watering be adopt flood irrigation.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that step 4) time of mesohigh is in early September.
5. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that step 4) in the height of band girdle be 10cm.
6. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that step 4) in the width of band girdle be 2.5mm.
7. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that step 4) in the concentration of NAA be 500ppm.
8. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that step 4) described in matrix formulations be peat: perlite: vermiculite: rural area soil mass ratio is 3:3:1:3.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105918054A (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2016-09-07 | 杭州长林园艺有限公司 | Container culture method for root-rich seedlings of pecan |
| CN106717932A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-05-31 | 苏州园林发展股份有限公司 | The method for improving Chinese herbaceous peony potted flower ornamental quality |
| CN108373379A (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2018-08-07 | 常州市金土地农牧科技服务有限公司 | A kind of seed soaking agent and method for treating seeds suitable for apocarya |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105918054A (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2016-09-07 | 杭州长林园艺有限公司 | Container culture method for root-rich seedlings of pecan |
| CN106717932A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-05-31 | 苏州园林发展股份有限公司 | The method for improving Chinese herbaceous peony potted flower ornamental quality |
| CN108373379A (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2018-08-07 | 常州市金土地农牧科技服务有限公司 | A kind of seed soaking agent and method for treating seeds suitable for apocarya |
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