CN104737747A

CN104737747A - Propagation and culture method for red maple seedlings

Info

Publication number: CN104737747A
Application number: CN201510102289.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 丁增成; 唐菲; 任杰; 金笑龙; 刘祚军; 史丹; 丁燕; 郭瑞
Original assignee: Anhui Shucheng Jinqiao Agriculture And Forestry Science & Technology Co ltd; Agricultural Engineering Institute of Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Current assignee: Anhui Shucheng Jinqiao Agriculture And Forestry Science & Technology Co ltd; Agricultural Engineering Institute of Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Priority date: 2015-03-10
Filing date: 2015-03-10
Publication date: 2015-07-01

Abstract

The invention discloses a propagation and culture method for red maple seedlings. In the seeding and culture process, fine sand is mixed in seeds, the seeds can be well protected, more nutrients can be supplied for plants, healthy growth of the plants in the future is guaranteed, added nutrient soil can provide richer nutrient content for the plants, and the antibacterial effect is improved; red maples are used as stocks in the grafting process, and the grafted red maples have good seedlings, and are stable in character and high in stress resistance.

Description

A kind of North America red maple sapling multiplication breeding method

Technical field

The present invention relates generally to cultivation field, particularly relates to a kind of North America red maple Propogation and culture method.

Background technology

The red maple in North America (Acer rubrum L.) is world-renowned ornamental trees and shrubs, large-scale arbor, and height of tree 12-18 rice, reaches as high as 30 meters, hat 12 meters, and autumn, leaf was by yellow green yellowing, finally becomes red, very gorgeous.Spring opens Red Flowers, and premium look, has fragrance.In the Ecological Projects in Urban Gardens that China is current, well received.

Red maple has seed propagation, propagation by grafiting, cottage propagation in the propagation method that China is main in North America, in seeding process, the husky husky composition that wets when hiding, humidity can have influence on the emergence rate of seed, in grafting procedures, stock is done with blue or green maple, due to the difference of two kinds of tree amount of growth, easily cause, grafting mouth expands, break, infect, the phenomenon such as windbreak.

Summary of the invention

The present invention be directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, propose a kind of North America red maple Propogation and culture method that emergence rate is high, graft survival rate is high, proterties is stablized, product are of fine quality.Its feature comprises the following steps:

(1) select the sowing time, the greenhouse sowing time is upper, the middle ten days in February; The outdoor sowing time is upper, the middle ten days in March.

(2) early Febuary selects the healthy and strong disease-free red maple in North America as seed collecting elite stand, gathers the stock that cultivating seeds is the red maple breeding in grafting North America;

(3) first use the disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate seed 2 hours of 0.5% before sowing, clear water is rinsed well, soaks 24 hours at 42 DEG C;

(4) seed and wet fine sand are mixed thoroughly in proportion, carry out Sand culture, can sow when seed more than 30% is grinned;

(5) require to sowing that soil is be rich in organic sandy loam, the wide 1-1.2 rice in seedbed, bed surface is smooth, pine is thin; Every square metre of seeding quantity 100-150 grain, after planting covers the Nutrition Soil of 0.3-0.4mm, equably spray water, until water permeable, covers.

(6) after planting covering 1-2cm with aseptic rice husk, is that soil moisture conservation improves ground temperature, make seed germination early, sprout neat, outdoor sowing can covering with plastic film or Small plastic shed, and shed will be noted ventilating, and noon, temperature wanted suitable sunshade more than 30 DEG C, after planting 55-60 days tidy seedlings outputs;

(7) select dry thick more than 0.5 centimetre, the healthy and strong red maple seedling in North America without damage by disease and insect as stock, grafting North America red maple product seedling, grafting employing cleft grafting in spring and cortex grafting, grafting time is late March-early April; Adopt band xylem bud grafting autumn, grafting time be early August-early September.

(8) from the North America of seed selection, red maple breeding tree intercepts in scion, is preced with the abundant maturation in peripheral middle and upper part, healthy and strong, eye is full, do scion without the 1 year raw branch of clip on the stock tree of damage by disease and insect at young-abounding tree.With adopting with connecing, must be placed in sand or sealing plastic sack heat and moisture preserving when can not accomplish, the storage time is unsuitable long.

(9) autumnbudding nursery stock, cuts anvil in next year when stock starts to sprout, and on buddering, 0.8 ~ 1 centimeters cuts off stock, removes plastic film binding strip, in time removing stock is sprouted the bud that and branch; Fringe bud is comparatively thin and delicate after sprouting, and insert bamboo bar and help, in case windbreak and air-dry.Summer shading screen or additive method shade, the young sprout in case strong sunlight is burnt.

About the about 45 days described Sand culture time of step (4), environmental temperature is 3-5 ^oc, seed and fine sand ratio are 1:3;

What the stock of step (9) described grafting adopted is North America red maple seed seedling.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:

(1) in seeding and seedling raising process, the present invention adopts fine sand to dress seed, and can play good protected effect to seed; and more nutrient can be provided for plant; ensure its healthy growth in the future, the Nutrition Soil added can provide abundanter nutrient component for plant, improves antibacterial effect.

(2) in grafting procedures, the present invention selects the red maple in North America as stock, and after grafting, survival rate is high, and proterties is stablized, strong stress resistance.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with concrete case study on implementation, set forth the present invention further.

Embodiment 1

In early Febuary, 2011, from the North America that stalwartness is disease-free, red maple gathers cultivating seeds is stock; First use disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate seed 2 hours before sowing, clear water is rinsed well, soaks 24 hours at 42 DEG C; Seed and wet fine sand are mixed thoroughly in proportion, carries out Sand culture about 45 days under being placed on the condition of 3-5 DEG C, can sow when seed more than 30% is grinned; After planting cover the Nutrition Soil of 3-4mm, equably spray water, until water permeable, cover.Seed germination early, sprout neat, after planting 55-60 days tidy seedlings outputs; Dry thick more than 0.5 centimetre of selection, the healthy and strong red maple seedling in North America without damage by disease and insect are as stock, and grafting time is in late March, 2012-early April, and from the North America of seed selection, red maple breeding tree intercepts in scion, employing cleft graft.With adopting with connecing, must be placed in sand or sealing plastic sack heat and moisture preserving when can not accomplish, the storage time is unsuitable long.After grafting, in 3 years, growing way is observed better in ground, garden, and survival rate is high, and proterties is stablized.

Embodiment 2

In early Febuary, 2012, from the North America that stalwartness is disease-free, red maple gathers cultivating seeds is stock; First use disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate seed 2 hours before sowing, clear water is rinsed well, soaks 24 hours at 42 DEG C; Seed and wet fine sand are mixed thoroughly in proportion, carries out Sand culture about 45 days under being placed on the condition of 3-5 DEG C, can sow when seed more than 30% is grinned; After planting cover the Nutrition Soil of 3-4mm, equably spray water, until water permeable, cover, seed germination early, sprout neat, after planting 55-60 days tidy seedlings outputs; Select dry thick more than 0.5 centimetre, the healthy and strong red maple seedling in North America without damage by disease and insect as stock, grafting time be in early August, 2013-early September, scion is the intercepting of red maple breeding tree from the North America of seed selection, employing bud grafting method.With adopting with connecing, must be placed in sand or sealing plastic sack heat and moisture preserving when can not accomplish, the storage time is unsuitable long.After grafting, growing way is observed better in ground, garden in two years, and survival rate is high, and proterties is stablized.

Claims

1. the red maple sapling multiplication in a North America breeding method, is characterized in that said method comprising the steps of:

Select the sowing time, the greenhouse sowing time is upper, the middle ten days in February; The outdoor sowing time is upper, the middle ten days in March.

Select the 2.5 month last ten-days period to mid-June the healthy and strong disease-free red maple in North America as seed collecting elite stand, gather the stock that cultivating seeds is the red maple breeding in grafting North America;

First use the disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate seed 2 hours of 0.5% before sowing, clear water is rinsed well, soaks 24 hours at 42 DEG C;

Seed and wet fine sand are mixed thoroughly in proportion, through Sand culture, can sow when seed more than 30% is grinned;

Require to sowing that soil is be rich in organic sandy loam, the wide 1-1.2 rice in seedbed, bed surface is smooth, pine is thin; Every square metre of seeding quantity 100-150 grain, after planting covers the Nutrition Soil of 3-4mm, equably spray water, until water permeable, covers.

3. after planting covering 1-2cm with aseptic rice husk, is that soil moisture conservation improves ground temperature, make seed germination early, sprout neat, outdoor sowing can covering with plastic film or Small plastic shed, and shed will be noted ventilating, and noon, temperature wanted suitable sunshade more than 30 DEG C, after planting 55-60 days tidy seedlings outputs;

Grafting in spring adopts cleft grafting and cortex grafting, and grafting time is late March-early April; Adopt band xylem bud grafting autumn, grafting time be early August-early September.

4. from the North America of seed selection, red maple breeding tree intercepts in scion, is preced with the abundant maturation in peripheral middle and upper part, healthy and strong, eye is full, do scion, with adopting with connecing without the 1 year raw branch of clip on the stock tree of damage by disease and insect at young-abounding tree.

5. autumnbudding nursery stock, cuts anvil in next year when stock starts to sprout, and on buddering, 0.8 ~ 1 centimeters cuts off stock, removes plastic film binding strip, in time removing stock is sprouted the bud that and branch; Fringe bud is comparatively thin and delicate after sprouting, and insert bamboo bar and help, in case windbreak and air-dry.

6. summer shading screen or additive method shade, the young sprout in case strong sunlight is burnt.

7. a kind of North America according to claim 1 red maple sapling multiplication breeding method, it is characterized in that about the about 45 days Sand culture time in step (4), environmental temperature is 3-5 ^oc, seed and fine sand ratio are 1:3.

8. a kind of North America according to claim 1 red maple sapling multiplication breeding method, what it is characterized in that the stock employing of grafting in step (9) is North America red maple seed seedling.