CN104620925A - Method for cultivating carya illinoinensis seedlings in high-density and high-quality mode - Google Patents
Method for cultivating carya illinoinensis seedlings in high-density and high-quality mode Download PDFInfo
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- CN104620925A CN104620925A CN201510047409.3A CN201510047409A CN104620925A CN 104620925 A CN104620925 A CN 104620925A CN 201510047409 A CN201510047409 A CN 201510047409A CN 104620925 A CN104620925 A CN 104620925A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cultivating carya illinoinensis seedlings in a high-density and high-quality mode. The method includes the first step of high temperature germination accelerating; the second step of root breaking transplanting; the third step of post-transplanting management, wherein seedling cultivation basins are densely placed in a plastic greenhouse after transplantation, water is sprayed thoroughly, then water is sprayed thoroughly every 15 days, solutions containing 300ppm gibberellins and 1/200 urea (0.5kg of urea/100kg of water) is sprayed every 10 days from June to the end of August, and basal stems are painted with the same solutions every 15 days. According to method for cultivating carya illinoinensis seedlings efficiently, annual carya illinoinensis seedlings can rise by 35 cm-40 cm, land resources can be fully utilized, and the number of planting in unit area is eight times that of conventional planting in unit area.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to forest and fruit tree cultivation technical field, be specifically related to a kind of method that high density high-quality cultivates apocarya seedling.
Background technology
Apocarya, has another name called pecan tree, is a kind in Juglandaceae, hickory.Originating in the U.S. and Mexico, is one of important in the world oil plant dry fruit tree variety, and the thin easy stripping of its shell, kernel is plump, taste is fragrant good to eat, has higher nutritive value.Trunk leads to straight, tree-like grace, well established and vigorously developing, is to turn the four sides green and the fine tree species of ornamental plantation.The simultaneously tough and tensile densification of timber, heartwood is dark red, sapwood is yellowish-white, full of elasticity, not yielding and cracking, is the fine timber tree species such as building, noble furniture.Therefore, apocarya is that purposes is wide, the obvious excellent economic tree of benefit period length, high financial profit, social benefit and ecological benefits.
The stock of apocarya grafting is the seedling of the seed such as walnut and apocarya.Apocarya seed spring, Qiu Junke sowing.No matter be sow in spring or autumn sowing, seed is easily gnawed by mouse, bird.Sometimes weather arid, seed dehydration, emergence rate is low.Sow in spring and generally carry out at late March or the first tenday period of a month in April.But be no matter sow in spring or autumn sowing, annual seedling is difficult to reach can the degree of grafting, generally needs ability grafting after two Growing season.For this reason, in order to shortening the breeding cycle, applicant is through studying for many years, the method (patent No. ZL201210351615.X) of having invented the vernalization in early spring in winter in evening of a kind of apocarya seed utilizes the method to make planting seed shift to an earlier date more than 2 months, is the important technological innovation of of apocarya nursery.
Apocarya has deep-rootedness, and the bareroot seedling side root that traditional field seedling raising mode is cultivated is few, and seedling quality is poor, and transplanting survival rate is low, and transplanting seedling time is long.For this reason, applicant has invented a kind of method (ZL201210351736.4) promoting raw apocarya seed seedling side root generation then, the method is compared with traditional field seedling raising method, facilitate the generation of side root, solving the problem that transplanting survival rate is low, is another important technological innovation of China's apocarya nursery aspect.
Apocarya with seeds, mainly utilizes seedling to plant as Landscape Trees or material.More and more be subject to popular accreditation along with apocarya and like, the shortage of apocarya nursery stock.In addition, China is populous nation, and grain security is the very important large problem threatening China all the time.Therefore, when not earning ground with grainfield, it is very crucial for how cultivating more how high-quality seedling in unit are.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the method for the apocarya seedling breeding that a kind of planting density is large, seedling quality is good.
Object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
High density high-quality cultivates a method for apocarya seedling, comprises the steps:
1) high temperature vernalization, chooses full apocarya seed, and soak seed after pesticide-germicide process 20-28h, dried by surface moisture after seed soaking, then carries out Stratificated treatment, at the beginning of annual 2 months, carry out high temperature vernalization in plastic tunnel, and temperature is 20 ~ 25 DEG C;
2) to be completely cured transplanting, by the end of March every year, to be transplanted to after bud seedling physics is completely cured in the black polypropylene plastic nutritional alms bowl of 13cm × 20cm;
3) management after transplanting, nutritive cube being placed on closely heap has in the booth of the thick stone of 5-10cm, in maintenance booth, temperature is at 22-28 DEG C, water permeable, after this watered once permeable every 10-20 days, to by the end of August from June, every the solution of sprays in 8-12 days containing 200-400ppm gibberellin and 1/150 (1 kg urea/150 kg water)-1/300 (1 kg urea/300 kg water) urea, and smeared identical solution every 13-17 days at basal part of stem.
Step 2) in bottom the selected preferred nutritive cube of black polypropylene plastic nutritional alms bowl the surrounding at above 5cm place be uniform-distribution with the black polypropylene plastic nutritional alms bowl that 4 ~ 6 diameters are the aperture of 0.3 ~ 0.8cm.
Step 3) in the method for watering preferably adopt sprinkling irrigation.
Step 3) in the frequency of watering preferably every 15 days 1 time.
Step 3) in the preferred 300ppm of concentration of gibberellin.
Step 3) in the concentration preferably 1/200 of urea.
Step 3) in spray frequency containing the solution of gibberellin and urea preferably every 10 days.
Step 3) in the basal part of stem frequency of smearing preferably every 15 days 1 time.
Beneficial effect:
The method that a kind of high density of the present invention high-quality cultivates apocarya seedling has the method (201210351615.X) of a kind of apocarya of patent seed vernalization in early spring in winter in evening and a kind of innovation again promoting to give birth to then on method (201210351736.4) basis of apocarya seed seedling side root generation applicant.Utilize the method can increase by more than 2 months apocarya seedling growth phase, the nursery stock side root of formation is many, and transplanting survival rate is high, and transplanting survival rate reaches more than 95%.The present invention is compared with 201210351736.4, and the quantity of unit are being planted apocarya is 8 times of original technology, and seedling height can increase 40-60cm.Therefore, utilize this technology to make full use of land resources, Economization on land cost, cultivate nursery stock and strengthen, increase biomass, cultivation nursery stock efficiency is high, and the seedling sturdy for apocarya quickly breeding has great importance.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 apocarya high temperature vernalization picture
Fig. 2 apocarya seedling growth of the present invention season picture
Fig. 3 land for growing field crops routine apocarya seedling growth season picture
Picture after the annual seedling fallen leaves of Fig. 4 apocarya
Specific implementation method
Embodiment 1
The inventive method (Fig. 2), specifically comprises the steps:
1) high temperature vernalization, chooses full apocarya seed, and soak seed after pesticide-germicide process 20-28h, dried by surface moisture after seed soaking, then carries out Stratificated treatment, at the beginning of annual 2 months, carry out 25 DEG C of high temperature vernalization in plastic tunnel.
2) to be completely cured transplanting, by the end of March every year, to be transplanted in the black polypropylene plastic nutritional alms bowl of 13cm × 20cm after bud seedling physics is completely cured.
3) management after transplanting, nutritive cube being placed on closely heap has in the booth of the thick stone of 8cm, in maintenance booth, temperature is at 22-28 DEG C, water permeable, after this watered once permeable every 15 days, to by the end of August from June, contain the solution of 300ppm gibberellin and 1/200 urea (0.5 kg urea/double centner water) every spray in 10 days, and smeared identical solution every 15 days at basal part of stem.
The method (Fig. 3) of applicant's conventional seedbed system in the past:
1) high temperature vernalization, chooses full apocarya seed, and soak seed after pesticide-germicide process 20-28h, dried by surface moisture after seed soaking, then carries out Stratificated treatment, and high temperature vernalization was carried out at the beginning of annual 2 months in plastic tunnel.
2) to be completely cured transplanting, by the end of March every year, to be transplanted in the black polypropylene plastic nutritional alms bowl of 13cm × 20cm after bud seedling physics is completely cured.
3) protecting field is excessive, is placed in by the apocarya of transplanting in greenhouse excessive.
4) location, land for growing field crops, transplant after one month, be wide 12cm in large field, the furrow of dark 20cm, furrow line-spacing is 30cm.Then nutritive cube is placed on non-woven fabrics by spacing in the rows 20cm, finally with soil, nutritive cube is fixed.Water permeable, filled with once permeable every 10 days later.
As a result, the quantity of method unit are of the present invention nursery is 8 times of conventional seedbed system, and seedling height increases about 38cm, and transplanting survival rate is 96%.
Table 1
| Planting density (/m 2) | Seedling height (cm) | Rhizome diameter (cm) | |
| The inventive method | 59 (being 8 times of conventional seedbed system method) | 63 (highly increasing about 38cm) | 0.76 |
| Conventional seedbed system method | 7 | 25 | 0.73 |
Claims (8)
1. high density high-quality cultivates a method for apocarya seedling, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1) high temperature vernalization, chooses full apocarya seed, and soak seed after pesticide-germicide process 20-28h, dried by surface moisture after seed soaking, then carries out Stratificated treatment, at the beginning of annual 2 months, carry out high temperature vernalization in plastic tunnel, and temperature is 20 ~ 25 DEG C;
2) to be completely cured transplanting, by the end of March every year, to be transplanted to after bud seedling physics is completely cured in the black polypropylene plastic nutritional alms bowl of 13cm × 20cm;
3) management after transplanting, nutritive cube being placed on closely heap has in the booth of the thick stone of 5-10cm, in maintenance booth, temperature is at 22-28 DEG C, water permeable, after this watered once permeable every 10-20 days, to by the end of August from June, contain the solution of 200-400ppm gibberellin and 1/150-1/300 (mass fraction) urea every spray in 8-12 days, and smeared identical solution every 13-17 days at basal part of stem.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that step 2) in selected black polypropylene plastic nutritional alms bowl refer to that the surrounding at above 5cm place bottom nutritive cube is uniform-distribution with the black polypropylene plastic nutritional alms bowl that 4 ~ 6 diameters are the aperture of 0.3 ~ 0.8cm.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that step 3) in the method for watering be adopt sprinkling irrigation.
4. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that step 3) in the frequency of watering be every 15 days 1 time.
5. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that step 3) in the concentration of gibberellin be 300ppm.
6. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that step 3) in the concentration of urea be 1/200.
7. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that step 3) in the frequency of spraying containing the solution of gibberellin and urea be every 10 days.
8. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that step 3) in the basal part of stem frequency of smearing be every 15 days 1 time.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510047409.3A CN104620925A (en) | 2015-01-29 | 2015-01-29 | Method for cultivating carya illinoinensis seedlings in high-density and high-quality mode |
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| CN201510047409.3A CN104620925A (en) | 2015-01-29 | 2015-01-29 | Method for cultivating carya illinoinensis seedlings in high-density and high-quality mode |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104996112A (en) * | 2015-06-09 | 2015-10-28 | 安徽省阜南志峰工艺品有限公司 | Planting method for purple osier |
| CN105075780A (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2015-11-25 | 山西省农业科学院果树研究所 | Walnut nutrition cup seedling culture method |
| CN105359905A (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2016-03-02 | 南京绿宙薄壳山核桃科技有限公司 | Caryaillinoensis high pressure seedling growing method |
| CN106171559A (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2016-12-07 | 天水市果树研究所 | A kind of breeding method of Semen Juglandis nursery stock |
| CN109906912A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-06-21 | 湖北省林业科学研究院 | A kind of matrix formulations of thin shell mountain pecan raising peach tree seedlings in container, preparation method and applications |
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| CN103988697A (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2014-08-20 | 南京绿宙薄壳山核桃科技有限公司 | Method for propagating apocarya seedlings |
| CN103988715A (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2014-08-20 | 南京绿宙薄壳山核桃科技有限公司 | Method for rapidly propagating apocarya good variety seedlings |
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2015
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104996112A (en) * | 2015-06-09 | 2015-10-28 | 安徽省阜南志峰工艺品有限公司 | Planting method for purple osier |
| CN105075780A (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2015-11-25 | 山西省农业科学院果树研究所 | Walnut nutrition cup seedling culture method |
| CN105075780B (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2017-12-15 | 山西省农业科学院果树研究所 | A kind of walnut nutritious cup method for culturing seedlings |
| CN105359905A (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2016-03-02 | 南京绿宙薄壳山核桃科技有限公司 | Caryaillinoensis high pressure seedling growing method |
| CN106171559A (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2016-12-07 | 天水市果树研究所 | A kind of breeding method of Semen Juglandis nursery stock |
| CN109906912A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-06-21 | 湖北省林业科学研究院 | A kind of matrix formulations of thin shell mountain pecan raising peach tree seedlings in container, preparation method and applications |
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