CN1922987B - Multiple-ear rock lithocarpus glaber dwarfing rapid reproduction method - Google Patents
Multiple-ear rock lithocarpus glaber dwarfing rapid reproduction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1922987B CN1922987B CN2006101270164A CN200610127016A CN1922987B CN 1922987 B CN1922987 B CN 1922987B CN 2006101270164 A CN2006101270164 A CN 2006101270164A CN 200610127016 A CN200610127016 A CN 200610127016A CN 1922987 B CN1922987 B CN 1922987B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for shortening and cultivating multi-graft lithocar, which comprises inserting graft, treating graft, preparing soil of seed bed of booth, cutting, managing seed period, planting, and cultivating, to reduce the height and improve yield.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of arbor one multiple-ear rock Ke's dwarfing rapid breeding method.
Background technology
Multiple-ear rock Ke (having another name called sweet tea) (Lithocarpus polystachyrus Re-hd.) is the wild plant of Fagaceae Lithocarpus, aiphyllium, and up to 15-20m, bark taupe, sprig puce, the tomentellate during children; The leaf alternate, the long 1.5-2cm of petiole, blade keratin, ovum shape lanceolar be near oval, long 12-20cm, wide 5-8cm, tip be point or tail point gradually gradually, the base portion wedge shape, edge entirely, above bottle green, following flour green is given birth to by the canescence squama.The 4-5 month blooms, flower unisexuality, and male inflorescence upright elongate spike, list is given birth to or 2-4 clusters, and male flower 2-5 collection given birth to, and stamen 10-12 piece, female inflorescence Chang Dingsheng, long 15-20cm, 3 collection of female flower are living, and style is short, and column cap 3 splits.The long 22-25cm of infructescence, fruit is intensive, 3-5 piece of associating, several stockless or short handle is arranged; Acorn-cup tray shape is surrounded the nut base portion, diameter 7-13cm, and high 2-4cm, scale triangle and acorn-cup adhesion are arranged in ring; The nut hestnut color, avette, diameter 1-1.5cm, the base portion circle, only central authorities and acorn-cup healing, areola gets deeply stuck in, diameter 5-7cm.
Multiple-ear rock Ke grows in by other kind of Fagaceae more, in the evergreen broad-leaved forest that Theaceae, Lauraceae, Magnoliaceae, Aquifoliaceae etc. are formed, be the stronger quick growing species of trees of a kind of adaptability, space enlargement in the inferior woods of evergreen broad-leaved forest after destroyed particularly, illumination is strengthened, and it is sprouted faster and more.All there is distribution in mountains low-to-middle in height district at the domestic height above sea level 250-1500m of the west and south in Hunan Province one Huaihua City, and China is distributed widely in each provinces and regions on the south the Yangtze river basin.
Gather multiple-ear rock Ke's tender leaf, can make tea.But,, make that the harvesting of its tender leaf is very difficult because multiple-ear rock Ke is high megaphanerophyte.
At present general artificial cultivation method mainly is:
1, seed collecting and seed storage.Early November adopts back the seed of maturation from the fine individual plant of selecting, and husky storage is mixed in the back of drying in the shade.Mix the fine sand of husky storage, earthing of seeds is preserved indoor in the drying ventilation by sand, the ratio of planting than 4: 1 with humidity 30%.
2, seeding and seedling raising.After the husky broken chest of hiding month of seed of process shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally, by the end of December big Tanaka, whole good garden, pavement 30cm, the wide 1.5m in seedbed holds the drain ditch successfully, by sowing row 20cm, opens drilling ditch depth 10cm, the drilling earthing.Annual height of seedling 30-40cm, leading thread 0.3-0.5cm, the afforestation of going up a hill the 2-3 month in next year.
3, cuttage and seedling culture.Traditional cuttage and seedling culture is adopted annual plugged ear from elite stand exactly, is cut into 20cm length, and the equidistant cuttage of bed 20 * 30cm is done in the land for growing field crops.The method survival rate is low, cost is high.
Multiple-ear rock Ke of artificial cultivation technique cultivation has at present still kept the tall and big proterties of arbor itself constant, and its wooden purposes of afforesting mainly is a green barren hill, the ecological forest, timber forest and charcoal forest.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention just is to provide a kind of multiple-ear rock Ke's dwarfing artificial quick breeding method, downgrades by artificial cultivation, makes plant become short, is convenient to pluck tender leaf.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme:
(1), the selection of plugged ear: utilize that growth is vigorous and healthy and strong, the satisfactory non-notch of the hat width of cloth, output height, plant the grain seed seedling-raising on the elite stand uniformly.Its method is container nursery: after showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally through the husky broken chest of hiding month of seed, heavy seeding in booth by the end of December, after becoming seedling at the beginning of 3 months, grow 3-4 sheet cotyledon, carrying out container transplants, in booth, cultivated 30 days, long to about 10 centimeters, open the full light hardening of canopy and just can go up a hill in 15 days to afforest and build cutting orchard.In cutting orchard, gather annual spray, the section of being cut into, every section 3-4 bud stays blade 2-3 sheet, cuts off blade 2/3, reduces the blade face transpiration;
(2), plugged ear is handled: soaked the fringe bar 20-28 hour with " ABT " root-inducing powder;
(3), cuttage booth nursery soil configuration: the soil in the seedbed adopts yellow soil, river sand and the loam that becomes thoroughly decomposed to mix;
(4), cuttage: the potassium permanganate water with 3 ‰ to soil disinfection in the seedling canopy after a week, the plugged ear that shears after immersion treatment, is carried out cuttage by seeding row spacing 5 * 8cm;
(5), seedling management: booth shades, covering with plastic film on the seedbed; Sprinkled water once in 3 days, till spilling; Keep not accumulated water of seedbed, 15 days begin to take root, and spray a bactericide sterilization weekly; Took mulch film in 30 days off, begin progressively hardening after 100 days, the full light hardening afforestation of just can going up a hill in 20 days;
(6), afforestation: adopt height of seedling 30cm, the healthy seedling afforestation of leading thread 0.4cm; 1. the selection of planting site: select in the shadely, soil layer is deep, and the gradient is mild, the yellow earth of pH value 5-6, red-yellow soil soil; 2. the arrangement of planting site: cultivate whole ground entirely, the moat band shape of raising, bandwidth 70-100cm, moat 70 * 70cm; 3. use sufficient base manure: execute the special-purpose fertile 500kg of the fragrant and sweet tea of Dong for every mu and make base manure; 4. plant: press seeding row spacing 20 * 30cm, every mu of plantation density 1110 strains; Plant deeply and compress, make root system and soil bonding, the training root and stem of certain plants; Fine day has watered normal root water; 5. training is managed: annual hoe is comforted 3 times, and spraying fertilizer twice is pruned twice to limit the height of tree and to be preced with the width of cloth.
Described cutting time is slotting the highest with the autumn sowing survival rate with the summer.Summer insert the mid-May-by the end of June; Autumn sowing mid-August-mid-September.
Described hoe is comforted the time, with the 3-4 month first time; The 5-6 month second time; 8-9 month for the third time.
Described spraying fertilizer time, mid-June, the first ten days of a month in October for the second time for the first time.
Described pruning time, early June for the first time; The second time is ten days by the end of September.
Described bactericide can adopt Tuzet or carbendazim.
Described nursery soil in yellow soil, river sand, to become thoroughly decomposed be that 1: 1: 1 ratio is mixed.
This multiple-ear rock Ke's of the present invention dwarfing rapid breeding method mainly is by the cuttage and quick-propagation dense planting, and complete raising technologies such as artificial cultivation pruning are downgraded high megaphanerophyte, change the arbor proterties, make it become the shrub form.Height of tree 80cm was preced with width of cloth 60cm and just can adopts tender leaf tea making in April, second.The tea making of annual per mu yield tender leaf can reach 50kg, 3000/ yuan of the output value.Reach the high-yield cultivating pattern the same,, be convenient to pick tea-leaves, manage, so that carry out high-quality and efficient cultivation by downgrading dense planting with other green tea.
Embodiment
Be described further below in conjunction with the dwarfing rapid breeding method of specific embodiment multiple-ear rock Ke of the present invention.
1, the selection of plugged ear.Utilize that growth is vigorous and healthy and strong, the satisfactory non-notch of the hat width of cloth, output height, plant grain seed seedling-raising on the elite stand uniformly, therefrom select super seedling construction cutting orchard.Gather annual spray in cutting orchard, be cut into 15cm, 3-4 bud stays blade 2-3 sheet, cuts off blade 2/3, reduces the blade face transpiration.
2, plugged ear is handled.With No. 6, " ABT " root-inducing powder of 50ppm, soaked the fringe bar 24 hours.
3, cuttage booth seedbed arrangement.Hold the drain ditch successfully in the land for growing field crops, select long 40 meters, wide 5 meters, be a booth.Between booth and the booth 1.5 meters, the seedbed is 1.2 meters in the canopy, 30 centimetres of pavements, 3 seedbeds of each canopy.
4, soil configuration.Soil in the seedbed adopts yellow soil, river sand, and the loam that becomes thoroughly decomposed, ratio was mixed in 1: 1: 1, with week ability cuttage after 3 ‰ the potassium permanganate water sterilization.
5, cuttage.The plugged ear that shears after immersion treatment, is carried out cuttage by seeding row spacing 5 * 8cm.
6, cutting time.Slotting the highest with the summer with the autumn sowing survival rate.Summer insert the mid-May-by the end of June; Autumn sowing mid-August-mid-September.
7, seedling management.Booth shades, covering with plastic film on the seedbed.Sprinkled water once in 3 days, till spilling.Keep not accumulated water of seedbed, 15 days begin to take root, and spray Tuzet or carbendazim weekly and carry out sterilization.Took mulch film in 30 days off, begin progressively hardening after 100 days, the full light hardening afforestation of just can going up a hill in 20 days.
8, afforestation.Adopt height of seedling 30cm, the healthy seedling afforestation of leading thread 0.4cm.1. the selection of planting site: select in the shadely, soil layer is deep, and the gradient is mild, has a good transport service the yellow earth of pH value 5-6, red-yellow soil soil.2. the arrangement of planting site.Cultivate whole ground entirely, the moat band shape of raising, bandwidth 70-100cm, moat 70 * 70cm.3. use sufficient base manure: execute the special-purpose fertile 500kg of the fragrant and sweet tea of Dong for every mu and make base manure.4. plant: press seeding row spacing 20 * 30cm, every mu of plantation density 1110 strains.Plant deeply and compress, make root system and soil bonding, the training root and stem of certain plants; Fine day has watered normal root water.5. training is managed: annual hoe is comforted (the 3-4 month first time 3 times; The 5-6 month second time; 8-9 month for the third time), twice of spraying fertilizer (mid-June for the first time; The first ten days of a month in September second time), prune twice (the early June first time; The second time is ten days by the end of September).
Height of tree 80cm was preced with width of cloth 60cm and just can adopts tender leaf tea making in April, second.
Claims (6)
1. multiple-ear rock Ke dwarfing rapid breeding method is characterized in that comprising successively following process:
(1), the selection of plugged ear: utilize that growth is vigorous and healthy and strong, the satisfactory non-notch of the hat width of cloth, output height, plant the grain seed seedling-raising on the elite stand uniformly, the construction cutting orchard, in cutting orchard, gather annual spray, the section of being cut into, every section 3-4 bud, stay blade 2-3 sheet, cut off blade 2/3, reduce the blade face transpiration;
(2), plugged ear is handled: soaked the fringe bar 20-28 hour with " ABT " root-inducing powder;
(3), cuttage booth nursery soil configuration: the soil in the seedbed adopts yellow soil, river sand, the loam that becomes thoroughly decomposed to mix;
(4), cuttage: the potassium permanganate water with 3 ‰ to soil disinfection in the seedling canopy after a week, the plugged ear that shears after immersion treatment, is carried out cuttage by seeding row spacing 5 * 8cm;
(5), seedling management: booth shades, covering with plastic film on the seedbed; Watering in 3 days once till spilling, keeps not accumulated water of seedbed; Spray a bactericide sterilization after 15 days weekly; Took mulch film in 30 days off, begin progressively hardening after 100 days, the full light hardening afforestation of just going up a hill in 20 days;
(6), afforestation: adopt height of seedling 30cm, the healthy seedling afforestation of leading thread 0.4cm; 1. the selection of planting site: select in the shadely, soil layer is deep, and the gradient is mild, the yellow earth of pH value 5-6 or red-yellow soil soil; 2. the arrangement of planting site: cultivate whole ground entirely, the moat band shape of raising, bandwidth 70-100cm, moat 70 * 70cm; 3. use sufficient base manure: every mu of fertilising 500kg makes base manure; 4. plant: press seeding row spacing 20 * 30cm, every mu of plantation density 1110 strains; Plant deeply and compress, make root system and soil bonding, the training root and stem of certain plants; Fine day has watered normal root water;
(7), training pipe: annual hoe is comforted 3 times, and spraying fertilizer twice prunes twice, with the restriction height of tree and the hat width of cloth.
2. multiple-ear rock Ke's as claimed in claim 1 dwarfing rapid breeding method is characterized in that: described cutting time be the mid-May-by the end of June, or mid-August-mid-September.
3. multiple-ear rock Ke's as claimed in claim 1 or 2 dwarfing rapid breeding method is characterized in that: the described hoe time of comforting be the 3-4 month once, the 5-6 month, once the 8-9 month was once.
4. multiple-ear rock Ke's as claimed in claim 1 or 2 dwarfing rapid breeding method is characterized in that: the described spraying fertilizer time be mid-June once, early October is once.
5. multiple-ear rock Ke's as claimed in claim 1 or 2 dwarfing rapid breeding method is characterized in that: the described pruning time be early June once, ten days is once by the end of September.
6. multiple-ear rock Ke's as claimed in claim 1 or 2 dwarfing rapid breeding method is characterized in that: described bactericide, adopt Tuzet or carbendazim.
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Families Citing this family (15)
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| CN101099433B (en) * | 2007-08-06 | 2010-10-13 | 柳州两面针股份有限公司 | Reproduction method of plant Zanthoxylum Nitidum |
| CN102487679B (en) * | 2011-11-17 | 2013-05-22 | 赵声驰 | Cutting propagation method for lithocarpus polystachyus rehd |
| CN103814745B (en) * | 2014-03-11 | 2015-07-08 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Method for cutting propagation by utilizing lithocarpus polystachyus epicormic branches |
| CN104081980B (en) * | 2014-07-03 | 2016-05-25 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | A kind of Pasania cuspidata container seedling culture method |
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| CN105493995A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-04-20 | 黄钱英 | Container seedling culture method of lithocarpus hancei |
| CN105393883A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-03-16 | 黄钱英 | Large scale Lithocarpushancei(Benth.)Rehd seedling cultivation method |
| CN105393779A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-03-16 | 黄钱英 | Large scale Lithocarpuscalophyllus seedling cultivation method |
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| CN105409550A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-03-23 | 黄钱英 | Method for culturing large-scale Lithocarpus craibianus Barn. seedlings |
| CN105409688A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-03-23 | 黄钱英 | Method for culturing large-scale Lithocarpus carolinae (Skan) Rehd seedlings |
| CN105432405A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-03-30 | 黄钱英 | Method for cultivating lithocarpus areca seedlings in large scale |
| CN106489491B (en) * | 2016-10-24 | 2020-06-02 | 怀化学院 | Preservation method and application of lithocarpus polystachyus rehd cutting vitality |
| CN107155783A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-09-15 | 浙江农林大学 | A kind of Allspice root-like stock cuttage breeding method |
| CN108811822A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-11-16 | 成都市多穗石柯农业开发有限公司 | A kind of cuttage breeding method of Pasania cuspidata |
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| 申东等.贵州野生天然饮料-甜茶.茶叶通讯 3.2002,(3),5-8. |
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Effective date of registration: 20090911 Address after: 248, Feng Feng West Road, Hunan, Huaihua Province, China: 418000 Applicant after: Zhou Xiao Qin Co-applicant after: Hu Yingxiang Address before: 248, Feng Feng West Road, Hunan, Huaihua Province, China: 418000 Applicant before: Zhou Xiaoqin |
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