CN102960174A - Method for breeding and cultivating Taxus chinensis var mairei through asexual cuttage - Google Patents
Method for breeding and cultivating Taxus chinensis var mairei through asexual cuttage Download PDFInfo
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- CN102960174A CN102960174A CN2012105305191A CN201210530519A CN102960174A CN 102960174 A CN102960174 A CN 102960174A CN 2012105305191 A CN2012105305191 A CN 2012105305191A CN 201210530519 A CN201210530519 A CN 201210530519A CN 102960174 A CN102960174 A CN 102960174A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for breeding and cultivating Taxus chinensis var mairei, and aims at improving the survival rate of Taxus chinensis var mairei bred through asexual cuttage. According to the method, Taxus chinensis seedlings are asexually bred through cuttage, and then large seedlings of Taxus chinensis and sapling grove are obtained through transplanting and planting to enlarge the cultivated area of Taxus chinensis var mairei. By adopting the specific cultivation management measures of Taxus chinensis var mairei, the technology system for breeding and transplanting Taxus chinensis var mairei is established, and an approach for the artificial reproduction of Taxus chinensis var mairei is hewed out, so that large-scale industrial production of Taxus chinensis var mairei becomes possible, thereby satisfying the market demand for Taxus chinensis var mairei, and providing a good test system for the protection of endangered wild plant resources.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the propagation and cultivation technology of southern enqlish yew, a kind of propagation and cultivation method of southern enqlish yew specifically is provided.
Background technology
Chinese yew has another name called Japanese yew, is the quaternary glacier Relict Plant, is called as " living fossil " in the vegetable kingdom, because of its resource scarcity, is listed in world's rare tree species and is protected.As the main separation and Extraction from the wild resource bark of Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae of the taxol of the whole world one of three large cancer therapy drugs, and the Chinese yew of taking the age of tree more than 30 years just has exploitation value.At present; also quite large to its demand in the world, cause cutting down in a large number the large tree of Chinese yew and from bark, extract taxol, this species conservation and area distribution to Chinese yew genus plants brings threat; destroy the most at last ecotope, cause the exhaustion of wild resource and the extinction of species.It is lower to breed the Chinese yew survival rate with usual manner, has now become extinct specie in imminent danger.
Existing Technique on Cuttage Propagation of breeding southern enqlish yew falls behind, and is difficult to behind the tloig-cutlage in the reproductive process take root, and survival rate is very low.
Summary of the invention
For the low problem of existing propagation technique southern enqlish yew survival rate, the invention provides another kind of propagation method, improve the survival rate of southern enqlish yew.The method is by asexual cottage propagation, obtains the Chinese yew seedling, obtains Chinese yew seedlings, sapling thicket behind transplant planting again, enlarges the southern enqlish yew area under cultivation.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
The method of a kind of asexual cottage propagation and cultivation southern enqlish yew, the method comprises:
The selection of cutting time and Cutting conditions:
Cutting time is 2～March or 9～October; It is 18 ℃～26 ℃ that Cutting conditions is selected the air daily mean temperature, and the temperature of the same day 〉=30 ℃ is no more than 6h perdurabgility; Soil average daily temperature 〉=10 ℃; The condition of relative air humidity 〉=70% is carried out cuttage;
Plugged ear is selected:
The lignification of choosing life in 1～4 year branch that grows directly from seeds; Plugged ear length is that 10 cm～15cm, plugged ear slightly are 0.5 cm～1.0 cm, keeps 1～2 short lateral bud on the fringe bar, and fringe bar part below 2/3 is removed blade;
Plugged ear is processed:
Carry out disinfection before the tloig-cutlage and the root-promoting hormone preliminary treatment, described sterilization is to be that 0.5%～1% carbendazim or liquor potassic permanganate are with fringe bar immersion 25s-35s with mass concentration; It is 1%～1.2% plant growth regulator ABT or plant growth regulator GGR that fringe bar speed after described root-promoting hormone preliminary treatment refers to sterilize is dipped in mass concentration, gets pretreated fringe bar;
The cuttage mode:
Through pretreated fringe bar with the isodensity straight cutting of seeding row spacing 2 cm～4cm * 4cm～8cm in the seedbed, fringe bar dark 1/2～2/3 of the total length that is that buries transplants a cutting under ground portion and medium of seedling bed layer to combine closely, and waters after the cuttage, shades; Described shade net is 30 cm～50cm from the height of seedbed face, degree of shading 〉=75%; The density of sheltering from heat or light is not higher than 2cm * 4cm; Described seedbed adopts high bed to grow seedlings, and the hypothallus in seedbed is by forming earth and husky the mixing, and wherein the quality percentage composition of earth accounts for 70%-80%; The medium of seedling bed layer thickness is 5 cm～10 cm; 50kg～100kg superphosphate, 25 kg～50kg urea and ferrous sulfate 5 kg～6kg are used in every mu of seedbed; The Schattenseite that the nursery selection gradient is 5 °～15 ° or half Schattenseite are as nursery;
Manage after the cuttage
After the cuttage so that air humidity remains on 70%～85%; Formed callus in 5～8 days after the fringe bar is inserted, 10～15 days begin to take root;
Transplant planting:
When seedling grew to 20cm～30cm, seeding row spacing was transplanted by (50～60) cm * (50～60) cm; Seedling is long to carry out the transplanting second time by (2.5～3) m * (2.5～3) m during to 1m～1.5m; Strengthen shading, watering in 1 week after transplanting, carry out weeding according to the growth of seedling situation after 1 week;
Tending [after young plantation:
Annual 2 times of tending [after young plantation, for several years running, till the young growth closing; Annual fertilising in front 5 years is 1 time during the tending [after young plantation, and in mass ratio fertile 0.2 kg of mixing that forms of 1:1～1.2～0.3kg of urea and superphosphate is executed in every strain, promotes sapling up-growth.
Described earth is preferably humus soil or vegetable garden soil; Described sand refers to that preferably particle diameter is that 100 orders-300 purpose is husky.
Below the present invention will be further explained and the explanation:
Described cutting time, generally cuttage all can be carried out the whole year, and what be conducive to cuttage root-taking most in 1 year is spring, in 2～March that elite stand not yet sprouts, secondly is that illumination in 9～October is strong, temperature is high, and callus forms soon, is suitable cuttage season.Preferably Cutting conditions is air day 18～26 ℃ of sammings, and 〉=30 ℃ temperature is no more than 6h perdurabgility, soil average daily temperature 〉=10 ℃, relative air humidity 〉=70%.
Described plugged ear is selected, and normally chooses the lignification germinating of life in 1～4 year, the branch that grows directly from seeds, and it is less that annual sprout tillers bar contains the material that suppresses to take root, and its rooting percent is higher; Childhood, the elite stand growth was vigorous, and somatotropin content is high, and its branch cutting effect will obviously be better than prime of life elite stand.Plugged ear long 10～15cm, thick 0.5～1.0 cm, upper cut is level and smooth, incision a kind of horse raised north of the Grean Wall ear shape, lower cut on joint, keep 1～2 short lateral branch (bud), 2/3 following defoliation as far as possible on the fringe bar.
Plugged ear is processed, and must carry out disinfection before the tloig-cutlage and the root-promoting hormone preliminary treatment.Sterilization is 0.5～1% carbendazim or the about 30s of liquor potassic permanganate immersion with mass ratio.It is 1～1.2% plant growth regulator ABT or plant growth regulator GGR cuttage that fringe bar speed after the sterilization is dipped in concentration.GGR, (two gills--GGR) series is the high-tech subculture product that the Chinese Wang Tao academician of forest-science academy newly develops after ABT root-inducing powder series to green plant growth regulator.It is the physiologically active of plant material of the nuisanceless non-hormone-type of a class, and is soluble in water, but room temperature storage is pollution-free, and using method is easy.
In the seedbed, it is 1/2～2/3 of total length that the fringe bar buries dark with seeding row spacing 2～4cm * 4～8cm isodensity straight cutting for described cuttage mode, the pretreated fringe bar of process.Transplant a cutting under ground portion and soil and combine closely, water immediately after the cuttage permeable, shade, shade net is from seedbed face 30～50cm, initial stage degree of shading 〉=75%.Mouldy for preventing, density should not be higher than 2cm * 4cm.
Described slotting rear the management will in time be set up the canopy shading shed after the cuttage, establishes air partition all around, and air humidity will remain on 70%～85%, and fine day early covers to be taken off evening, and the cloudy day can not cover, and morning every day, evening sprayed water once with watering can when the fine day sky was non-irrigated, suitable minimizing water spray when cloudy.Temperature is higher than 32 ℃ fine day and adds a cover double-deck reed curtain, and evening, lid was early taken off gradually after taking root, and reduced gradually irrigation times and watered the water yield; 5～8 days ability formed callus after the fringe bar was inserted, and 10～15 days begin to take root.
Described transplant planting when seedling grows to 20～30cm, is selected the middle and lower part of thicker soil, waste mountain waste that moisture condition is good, and seeding row spacing is transplanted by 50～60 * 50～60cm.Carrying out the second time by 2.5～3m * 2.5～3m during seedling length to 1～1.5m transplants.To strengthen shading, watering in 1 week after transplanting, carry out weeding according to the growth of seedling situation later on.
Annual 2 times of described tending [after young plantation, for several years running, till the young growth closing.The in mass ratio mixing fertilizer 0.2～0.3kg of 1:1～1.2 of urea and superphosphate is executed in annual fertilising in front 5 years 1 time, every strain, promotes sapling up-growth.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention is:
The present invention obtains the Chinese yew seedling by asexual cuttage and seedling culture breeding breeding, obtains Chinese yew seedlings, sapling thicket behind transplant planting again, enlarges the southern enqlish yew area under cultivation.The survival rate of land for growing field crops cuttage is more than 85%, and more than 2 years living nursery stock average height 20cm, the survival rate of greenhouse cuttage is more than 95%, more than 2 years living nursery stock average height 40cm.Adopt the proprietary cultivation management measure of southern enqlish yew; set up southern enqlish yew breeding and transplantation technique system; opened up the approach of an artificial propagation southern enqlish yew; make the production of southern enqlish yew large-scale industrial become possibility; thereby satisfying the market is to the needs of southern enqlish yew, for the protection of wild plant resource in imminent danger provides good test system.
Embodiment
Further explain and illustrate technical scheme of the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment
Southern enqlish yew carries out vegetative propagation by cuttage, enlarges area under cultivation.
1, cutting time
Generally cuttage all can be carried out the whole year, and what be conducive to cuttage root-taking most in 1 year is spring, in 2～March that elite stand not yet sprouts, secondly is that illumination in 9～October is strong, temperature is high, and callus forms soon, is suitable cuttage season.Preferably Cutting conditions is air day 18～26 ℃ of sammings, and 〉=30 ℃ temperature is no more than 6h perdurabgility, soil average daily temperature 〉=10 ℃, relative air humidity 〉=70%.
2, plugged ear is selected
Normally choose the lignification germinating of life in 1～4 year, the branch that grows directly from seeds, it is less that annual sprout tillers bar contains the material that suppresses to take root, and its rooting percent is higher; Childhood, the elite stand growth was vigorous, and somatotropin content is high, and its branch cutting effect will obviously be better than prime of life elite stand.Plugged ear long 10～15cm, thick 0.5～1.0 cm, upper cut is level and smooth, incision a kind of horse raised north of the Grean Wall ear shape, lower cut on joint, keep 1～2 short lateral branch (bud), 2/3 following defoliation as far as possible on the fringe bar.
3, plugged ear is processed
Must carry out disinfection before the tloig-cutlage and the root-promoting hormone preliminary treatment.Sterilization is 0.5～1% carbendazim or the about 30s of liquor potassic permanganate immersion with mass ratio.It is 1～1.2% plant growth regulator ABT or plant growth regulator GGR cuttage that fringe bar speed after the sterilization is dipped in concentration.
4, cuttage mode
In the seedbed, it is 1/2～2/3 of total length that the fringe bar buries dark to the pretreated fringe bar of process with seeding row spacing 2～4cm * 4～8cm isodensity straight cutting.The hypothallus under ground portion and seedbed of transplanting a cutting is combined closely, water immediately after the cuttage permeable, shade, shade net is from seedbed face 30～50cm, initial stage degree of shading 〉=75%.Mouldy for preventing, density should not be higher than 2cm * 4cm.Described seedbed adopts high bed to grow seedlings, and the hypothallus in seedbed is by forming earth and husky the mixing, and wherein the quality percentage composition of earth accounts for 70%-80%; The medium of seedling bed layer thickness is 5 cm～10 cm; 50kg～100kg superphosphate, 25 kg～50kg urea and ferrous sulfate 5 kg～6kg are used in every mu of seedbed; The Schattenseite that the nursery selection gradient is 5 °～15 ° or half Schattenseite are as nursery;
5, insert rear management
Will in time set up the canopy shading shed after the cuttage, establish air partition all around, air humidity will remain on 70%～85%, and fine day early covers to be taken off evening, and the cloudy day can not cover, and morning every day, evening sprayed water once with watering can when the fine day sky was non-irrigated, suitable minimizing water spray when cloudy.Temperature is higher than 32 ℃ fine day and adds a cover double-deck reed curtain, and evening, lid was early taken off gradually after taking root, and reduced gradually irrigation times and watered the water yield; 5～8 days ability formed callus after the fringe bar was inserted, and 10～15 days begin to take root.
6, transplant planting
When seedling grew to 20cm～30cm, seeding row spacing was transplanted by (50～60) cm * (50～60) cm; Seedling is long to carry out the transplanting second time by (2.5～3) m * (2.5～3) m during to 1m～1.5m; Strengthen shading, watering in 1 week after transplanting, carry out weeding according to the growth of seedling situation after the week;
7, tending [after young plantation:
Annual 2 times of tending [after young plantation, for several years running, till the young growth closing; Annual fertilising in front 5 years is 1 time during the tending [after young plantation, and every strain is executed urea and crossed phosphorus.
As propagating materials, the group that do not need to exsomatize is trained with southern enqlish yew stem section in the present invention, and equipment is simple, easy to operate.Compare with the conventional seedbed system technology, disposable less investment, reproductive-cost is low, and rootage duration is short, and reproduction speed is fast, and regrowth is healthy and strong, and survival rate is high, and yielding ability is good, and the offspring is without variation, and technical step is few, is easy to promote.
The survival rate of land for growing field crops cuttage is more than 85%, and more than 2 years living nursery stock average height 20cm, the survival rate of greenhouse cuttage is more than 95%, more than 2 years living nursery stock average height 40cm.
Claims (2)
1. the method for an asexual cottage propagation and cultivation southern enqlish yew is characterized in that the method comprises:
The selection of cutting time and Cutting conditions:
Cutting time is 2～March or 9～October; It is 18 ℃～26 ℃ that Cutting conditions is selected the air daily mean temperature, and the temperature of the same day 〉=30 ℃ is no more than 6h perdurabgility; Soil average daily temperature 〉=10 ℃; The condition of relative air humidity 〉=70% is carried out cuttage;
Plugged ear is selected:
The lignification of choosing life in 1～4 year branch that grows directly from seeds; Plugged ear length is 10 cm～15cm, plugged ear slightly be 0.5 cm～
1.0 cm keeps 1～2 short lateral bud on the fringe bar, fringe bar part below 2/3 is removed blade;
Plugged ear is processed:
Carry out disinfection before the tloig-cutlage and the root-promoting hormone preliminary treatment, described sterilization is to be that 0.5%～1% carbendazim or liquor potassic permanganate are with fringe bar immersion 25s-35s with mass concentration; It is 1%～1.2% plant growth regulator ABT or plant growth regulator GGR that fringe bar speed after described root-promoting hormone preliminary treatment refers to sterilize is dipped in mass concentration, gets pretreated fringe bar;
The cuttage mode:
Through pretreated fringe bar with the isodensity straight cutting of seeding row spacing 2 cm～4cm * 4cm～8cm in the seedbed, fringe bar dark 1/2～2/3 of the total length that is that buries transplants a cutting under ground portion and medium of seedling bed layer to combine closely, and waters after the cuttage, shades; Described shade net is 30 cm～50cm from the height of seedbed face, degree of shading 〉=75%; The density of sheltering from heat or light is not higher than 2cm * 4cm; Described seedbed adopts high bed to grow seedlings, and the hypothallus in seedbed is by forming earth and husky the mixing, and wherein the quality percentage composition of earth accounts for 70%-80%; The medium of seedling bed layer thickness is 5 cm～10 cm; 50kg～100kg superphosphate, 25 kg～50kg urea and ferrous sulfate 5 kg～6kg are used in every mu of seedbed; The Schattenseite that the nursery selection gradient is 5 °～15 ° or half Schattenseite are as nursery;
Manage after the cuttage
After the cuttage so that air humidity remains on 70%～85%; Formed callus in 5～8 days after the fringe bar is inserted, 10～15 days begin to take root;
Transplant planting:
When seedling grew to 20cm～30cm, seeding row spacing was transplanted by (50～60) cm * (50～60) cm; Seedling is long to carry out the transplanting second time by (2.5～3) m * (2.5～3) m during to 1m～1.5m; Strengthen shading, watering in 1 week after transplanting, carry out weeding according to the growth of seedling situation after 1 week;
Tending [after young plantation:
Annual 2 times of tending [after young plantation, for several years running, till the young growth closing; Annual fertilising in front 5 years is 1 time during the tending [after young plantation, and in mass ratio fertile 0.2 kg of mixing that forms of 1:1～1.2～0.3kg of urea and superphosphate is executed in every strain, promotes sapling up-growth.
2. the method for a kind of asexual cottage propagation according to claim 1 and cultivation southern enqlish yew is characterized in that described earth is humus soil or vegetable garden soil; Described sand refers to that particle diameter is that 100 orders-300 purpose is husky.
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| CN103283460A (en) * | 2013-06-07 | 2013-09-11 | 江苏红豆杉生物科技股份有限公司 | Taxus media cuttage method |
| CN103404354A (en) * | 2013-08-21 | 2013-11-27 | 江苏红豆杉生物科技股份有限公司 | Planting method of Taxus chinensis var mairei |
| CN103975737A (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2014-08-13 | 四川农业大学 | Chinese yew vegetative propagation method |
| CN104322230A (en) * | 2013-11-30 | 2015-02-04 | 黎观祥 | Manual cultivation method of Chinese yew |
| CN104396491A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-03-11 | 江苏红豆杉生物科技股份有限公司 | Taxus chinensis var. mairei cutting seedling-raising method |
| CN104429430A (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2015-03-25 | 贵州省印江自治县梵净青茶业有限责任公司 | Method for planting taxuschinensis tea in garden |
| CN104429781A (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-03-25 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Seedling-to-seedling method using tissue culture seedlings of cunninghamia lanceolata |
| CN104956880A (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2015-10-07 | 孝感市大自在生态农业发展有限公司 | Rapid propagation method for taxus media |
| CN105210827A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2016-01-06 | 马维成 | Phase in early spring Yew cuttage seedling-cultivating method |
| CN105917936A (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2016-09-07 | 浙江农林大学 | Method for culturing Chinese fir cuttage container seedlings through light medium |
| CN106171762A (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2016-12-07 | 泸州千秋辉煌农业有限公司 | A kind of method of wild Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae branch cutting breeding |
| CN106818435A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-06-13 | 新昌县钧国生物技术有限公司 | A kind of taxus chinensis vegetative propagation rapidly rooting method |
| CN108990572A (en) * | 2018-08-18 | 2018-12-14 | 西南林业大学 | A kind of Gu raising seedlings by cuttage for Poplars |
| CN109041850A (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2018-12-21 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of cryptomeria cuttage breeding method |
| CN110487743A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-11-22 | Oppo（重庆）智能科技有限公司 | Plant information detection method, device and terminal device |
| CN112753474A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-05-07 | 荔波县黄江河国家湿地公园管理站 | Taxus chinensis cutting cultivation method and application thereof |
| CN114830925A (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2022-08-02 | 黑龙江苇沙河农业科技开发有限公司 | Taxus chinensis breeding and forestation method |
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| CN103283460A (en) * | 2013-06-07 | 2013-09-11 | 江苏红豆杉生物科技股份有限公司 | Taxus media cuttage method |
| CN103404354A (en) * | 2013-08-21 | 2013-11-27 | 江苏红豆杉生物科技股份有限公司 | Planting method of Taxus chinensis var mairei |
| CN104429430A (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2015-03-25 | 贵州省印江自治县梵净青茶业有限责任公司 | Method for planting taxuschinensis tea in garden |
| CN104322230A (en) * | 2013-11-30 | 2015-02-04 | 黎观祥 | Manual cultivation method of Chinese yew |
| CN103975737A (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2014-08-13 | 四川农业大学 | Chinese yew vegetative propagation method |
| CN104396491A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-03-11 | 江苏红豆杉生物科技股份有限公司 | Taxus chinensis var. mairei cutting seedling-raising method |
| CN104429781A (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-03-25 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Seedling-to-seedling method using tissue culture seedlings of cunninghamia lanceolata |
| CN104429781B (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2016-06-01 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | A kind of adopt China fir tissue cultured seedling with the method for Miao Fanmiao |
| CN104956880A (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2015-10-07 | 孝感市大自在生态农业发展有限公司 | Rapid propagation method for taxus media |
| CN105210827B (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2017-12-26 | 马维成 | Phase in early spring Yew cuttage method for culturing seedlings |
| CN105210827A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2016-01-06 | 马维成 | Phase in early spring Yew cuttage seedling-cultivating method |
| CN105917936A (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2016-09-07 | 浙江农林大学 | Method for culturing Chinese fir cuttage container seedlings through light medium |
| CN105917936B (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2018-12-04 | 浙江农林大学 | A kind of China fir Light media cuttage vessel seeding cultivating method |
| CN106171762A (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2016-12-07 | 泸州千秋辉煌农业有限公司 | A kind of method of wild Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae branch cutting breeding |
| CN106818435A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-06-13 | 新昌县钧国生物技术有限公司 | A kind of taxus chinensis vegetative propagation rapidly rooting method |
| CN109041850A (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2018-12-21 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of cryptomeria cuttage breeding method |
| CN108990572A (en) * | 2018-08-18 | 2018-12-14 | 西南林业大学 | A kind of Gu raising seedlings by cuttage for Poplars |
| CN110487743A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-11-22 | Oppo（重庆）智能科技有限公司 | Plant information detection method, device and terminal device |
| CN112753474A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-05-07 | 荔波县黄江河国家湿地公园管理站 | Taxus chinensis cutting cultivation method and application thereof |
| CN114830925A (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2022-08-02 | 黑龙江苇沙河农业科技开发有限公司 | Taxus chinensis breeding and forestation method |
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Application publication date: 20130313 |