CN105917936A - Method for culturing Chinese fir cuttage container seedlings through light medium - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for cultivating Chinese fir cuttage container seedlings with light substrate in summer, which comprises such operational steps as cuttings preparation, growth regulator treatment, cutting substrate configuration, post-cutting cultivation management and the like using sprouted shoots from the root neck of young Chinese fir trees as materials. The present invention breaks through the cutting breeding technology of Chinese fir with light substrate in summer, integrates the cultivation technology of light substrate container seedlings, and forms cutting container seedlings at one time. It solves the problem of one-time cultivation of light-substrate container seedlings by cuttings, and obtains clonal light-substrate container seedlings, which have stable genetic traits and uniform growth. value and a significant competitive advantage.

Description

A kind of method for cultivating Chinese fir light substrate cutting container seedlings

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of forest cultivation and specifically designs a method for cultivating fir light substrate cutting container seedlings.

Background technique

Since the 1970s, Chinese fir clone breeding has been carried out, and research on clonal breeding techniques such as Chinese fir cuttings, grafting, and tissue culture has been carried out successively. Seedlings become an effective means of breeding fine Chinese fir clones. However, this method can only utilize rhizosphere sprouting tillers once a year, the propagation coefficient is not high, and the cutting rooting time is long, and only the yellow mud field cuttings can be used to produce bare-rooted seedlings, which cannot meet the needs of forestry production. Department of container seedling requirements.

Use the nearly one-year-old rhizosphere shoots of Chinese fir for cuttings in winter or spring. It takes 2 to 3 and a half months to take root after cutting, and the mother tree of the cuttings only uses cuttings once a year. The reproduction coefficient of the unit mother tree is not high, which is not conducive to Large-scale good clone seedling production or production cost increase.

In 2010, Zhang Tianyu et al. published "Experiments on Cedar Seedling Cultivation in Light Substrate Containers with Different Material Proportions", which disclosed the substrate screening test of Cunninghamia fir light substrate net bag seedling cultivation, showing that perlite: peat soil=1:4 treatment scheme is the best, but The light-substrate easy-to-grow seedlings of this document is two-step seedling cultivation, that is, the cuttings survive first and then the cuttings are transplanted into the light-substrate container, which not only increases the amount of labor and costs, but also easily causes the seedlings to die during the transplanting process.

Due to the difference between the rooting substrate and the seedling cultivation substrate, the high temperature in summer, the low survival rate of cuttings, and the difficulty in management of cutting seedlings under high temperature and high humidity, the high-efficiency cutting cultivation technology of Chinese fir in summer that integrates rooting of cuttings and cultivation of seedlings in one step None reported.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above problems, the invention provides a method for cultivating Chinese fir summer light substrate cutting container seedlings.

The method for cultivating Chinese fir summer cuttage container seedlings provided by the present invention comprises using sprouted shoots of the root neck of Chinese fir saplings as materials, performing cuttings preparation, growth regulator treatment, cutting matrix configuration and post-cutting cultivation management, specifically including:

1) Cutting time is from mid-June to early July;

2) Cuttings require 8-12cm long and 0.4cm thick sapling root neck shoots to make cuttings with terminal buds with a length of 4-7cm and some leaves;

3) Growth-promoting substance treatment: dip in IBA or ABT with a concentration of 500ppm and directly use it for cuttings;

4) Cutting matrix configuration: configure the cutting matrix according to the volume ratio of peat: perlite: vermiculite: yellow mud 1:1:1:1;

5) Cutting and covering: the depth of cuttings is about 2/3 of the length of the cuttings, water thoroughly after cuttings, cover the shed with film to keep moisture, and keep the outside air temperature of the shed below 30°C through ventilation and spraying;

6) Cultivation management: After rooting, remove the film, cultivate for 10-15 days in an environment with a light transmittance of 40-60% and a humidity of more than 80%, increase the light transmittance to 70-80%, and start to add fertilizers. Ventilation should be maintained during the cultivation period. In summer, regular mist spraying is carried out from 10:00 to 16:00 every day to cool down and ensure high humidity.

Wherein, the container is a 9cm*13cm bottomless and sideless flat-mouth non-woven bag.

Among them, after cutting, control the humidity in the plastic shed to more than 95%, and keep the air temperature below 30°C.

The present invention proposes to use 25% of the matrix of yellow mud and vermiculite to achieve good contact and combination between the matrix and the cuttings, which is beneficial to its rooting; add 25% of perlite to facilitate the water permeability of the matrix, and the particles are large and the texture is very light to reduce the unit. The volume is important to achieve the purpose of light substrate; add peat to facilitate the growth of seedlings and have the characteristics of fertilizer retention and reduce the weight of the substrate. Therefore, it is proposed that peat:perlite:vermiculite:yellow mud=1:1:1:1 is the best scientific formula for many experiments, but there is no related report.

The present invention utilizes semi-mature rhizosphere shoots (i.e. June 15th to early July) to carry out summer cuttings, to increase the reproduction coefficient by more than one time (after picking shoots at this time, the amount of shoots in winter or spring is less than 100%. Picking strips increased by more than 10%). However, in summer, the survival rate of conventional cuttings of large seedlings is low or cannot survive. The present invention utilizes the semi-mature sprouts in summer to supplement the rooting hormone level with growth-promoting substances. Under facility conditions, the cuttage is placed in a cutting container with suitable water permeability, and the humidity in the cutting area is controlled to be above 95% (in the plastic shed), and the air temperature is maintained. Below 30°C to achieve the most suitable rooting conditions, and the rooting time is short (about 25 days).

The present invention breaks through the cutting breeding technology of Chinese fir with light substrate in summer, integrates the cultivation technology of light substrate container seedlings, and forms cutting container seedlings at one time. It solves the problem of one-time cultivation of light-substrate container seedlings by cuttings, and obtains clonal light-substrate container seedlings, which have stable genetic traits and uniform growth. value and a significant competitive advantage.

detailed description

The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

From mid-June to early July, select healthy and disease-free sprouts with a length of 8-12 cm and a thickness of more than 0.4 cm to make cuttings with terminal buds with a length of 4-7 cm and retain a few leaves. The cuttings are treated with hormones and then cut into light substrates. Net bag, the substrate is peat: perlite: vermiculite: yellow mud = 1:1:1:1, the net bag is a 9cm*13cm bottomless non-woven bag with no side, the cutting depth is 2/3 of the length of the cuttings After planting, pour water thoroughly, cover and seal with shed film to keep moisture, and control the outside air temperature below 30°C through ventilation, mist spray and other means. After 21 days and 28 days, the rooting rate was counted, as shown in Table 1.

Table 1 Cutting Rooting Conditions Treated with Different Hormones

Remarks: The cutting hormone treatment time is 30s.

It can be seen from Table 1 that the 21-day and 28-day statistical data of cutting rooting rate of CK are significantly different, but the difference in rooting rate of cuttings with the same hormone treatment is not obvious over time. It can be seen that hormone treatment can advance the rooting time of cuttings. It can also be seen from Table 1 that the effects of ABT and IBA on rooting of cuttings are all in a low-high-low trend with the change of hormone concentration, and the optimum concentration is 500ppm. It can also be found that the same concentration of ABT and IBA have There was no significant difference in the effect of cuttings on rooting. It can be seen that the hormone treatment can advance the rooting time of Chinese fir cuttings, and the hormone can be ABT or IBA, but the concentration is preferably 500ppm.

Example 2

From mid-June to early July, select healthy and disease-free sprouts with a length of 8-12cm and a thickness of more than 0.4cm to make cuttings with terminal buds with a length of 4-7cm and retain a few leaves. The cuttings are dipped in 500ppm IBA solution at a medium speed Cuttings are then cut into different substrates. The depth of cuttings is 2/3 of the length of cuttings. After cuttings, water them thoroughly, cover and seal them with shed film to keep moisture, and control the outside air temperature below 30°C by means of ventilation and mist spraying. After 25 days, the rooting rate was counted, as shown in Table 2.

Table 2 Rooting situation of cuttings in different substrates

Remarks: 1. After the matrix is configured according to the volume ratio, it is divided into light matrix containers. The container is a 9cm*13cm bottomless and sideless flat-mouth non-woven bag.

2. Substrate weight is dry weight.

As can be seen from Table 2, the substrate weights of various proportions are lower than CK, wherein the lightest substrate is treatment 1 i.e. peat: perlite: vermiculite: yellow mud=1:1:1:1, which is only CK 0.41 times; at the same time, it can be seen that different substrate ratios have significant differences in the survival rate of Chinese fir cuttings. The highest is treatment 1, reaching 95%, followed by treatment 3, which is 75%, and the lowest is CK, only 47%. The above results can show that the ratio of substrates is beneficial to the rooting of fir cuttings, and the effect is significantly higher than that of traditional yellow mud cuttings, and the substrate is light, which can save labor and reduce afforestation costs. Among them, the most significant effect is treatment 1, that is, peat : perlite: vermiculite: yellow mud = 1:1:1:1, the lightest weight, the highest rooting rate, is an ideal fir cutting substrate.

Example 3

Remove the film from the cuttage seedlings that have taken root and survive in Example 2, and cultivate them for 10 to 15 days under a shade shed with a light transmittance of about 50% and a humidity of more than 80%, and increase the light transmittance to about 75%. In summer, 10:00- 16:00 Keep regular mist spray to cool down and moisturize. Start to add quick-acting fertilizer 15 days after the film is removed, and the rest are cultivated according to conventional container seedlings. At the end of December of that year, the seedling height and ground diameter of the cutting container seedlings were measured and counted.

During the cultivation of fir, due to the high temperature in summer, a large amount of spraying is required to cool down, so that the water supply is sufficient, and the cultivation substrate is required to have good water permeability, otherwise the seedlings will turn yellow or even die due to water accumulation in the container. Due to the strong viscosity and weak permeability of yellow mud, the cutting seedlings of CK (yellow mud matrix) and treatment 2 (peat: perlite: vermiculite: yellow mud = 1:0:0:3) died in large numbers during the cultivation process , the surviving cuttings are also weak in growth, and there is almost no growth in half a year of cultivation. The rest of the treatment survey results are shown in Table 3.

Table 3 Cultivation of cutting seedlings in different substrates

It can be seen from Table 3 that the seedling cultivation effect of treatment 1 container is the best.

The present invention proposes to use 25% of the matrix of yellow mud and vermiculite to achieve good contact and combination between the matrix and the cuttings, which is beneficial to its rooting; 25% of perlite is added to facilitate the water permeability of the matrix, and the particles are large and the texture is very light to reduce the unit. The weight of the volume, so as to achieve the purpose of light substrate; add peat to facilitate the growth of seedlings and have the characteristics of fertilizer retention and reduce the weight of the substrate. Many experiments have proved that peat: perlite: vermiculite: yellow mud = 1:1:1:1 is not only suitable for cuttings but also conducive to cultivation. It is the best substrate for Chinese fir to grow into light substrate container seedlings through cuttings at one time.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made. These improvements and modifications It should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A method for cultivating Chinese fir summer light substrate cutting container seedlings, comprising taking the root neck shoots of Chinese fir saplings as material, carrying out cuttings preparation, growth regulator treatment, cutting substrate configuration and cutting post-cultivation management, characterized in that, 1) Cutting time is from mid-June to early July; 2) Cuttings require 8-12cm long and 0.4cm thick sapling root neck shoots to make cuttings with terminal buds with a length of 4-7cm and some leaves; 3) Growth-promoting substance treatment: dip in IBA or ABT with a concentration of 500ppm and directly use it for cuttings; 4) Cutting matrix configuration: configure the cutting matrix according to the volume ratio of peat: perlite: vermiculite: yellow mud 1:1:1:1; 5) Cutting and covering: the depth of cuttings is about 2/3 of the length of the cuttings, water thoroughly after cuttings, cover the shed with film to keep moisture, and keep the outside air temperature of the shed below 30°C through ventilation and spraying; 6) Cultivation management: After rooting, remove the film, cultivate for 10-15 days in an environment with a light transmittance of 40-60% and a humidity of more than 80%, increase the light transmittance to 70-80%, and start to add fertilizers. Ventilation should be maintained during the cultivation period. In summer, regular mist spraying is carried out from 10:00 to 16:00 every day to cool down and ensure high humidity. 2. the method for cultivating Chinese fir summer light substrate cutting container seedlings as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the container is a bottomless non-woven bag with a flat mouth of 9cm*13cm. 3. the method for cultivating Chinese fir summer light substrate cutting container seedlings as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, after cutting, control the humidity in the plastic shed to more than 95%, and keep the air temperature below 30°C.