CN104186135A - Rapid propagation method of ecological light matrix walnut container seedlings - Google Patents
Rapid propagation method of ecological light matrix walnut container seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- CN104186135A CN104186135A CN201410369286.0A CN201410369286A CN104186135A CN 104186135 A CN104186135 A CN 104186135A CN 201410369286 A CN201410369286 A CN 201410369286A CN 104186135 A CN104186135 A CN 104186135A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rapid propagation method of ecological light matrix walnut container seedlings. The rapid propagation method of the ecological light matrix walnut container seedlings comprises the steps of harvesting and preprocessing seeds, processing and cultivating a stock seed bed, preserving heat for overwintering and soil-detached grafting; preparing a container nursery matrix, installing a nutrition pot, reducing the temperature for over-summering, additionally applying fertilizers to nursery stocks and performing transplanting from the seedling nursery and transportation. By means of the seedling raising technique, the seedling emerging speed is high, and healthy and strong grafted seedlings which can be transplanted from the seedling nursery to a large field can be cultivated only by taking 17 months from seed harvesting to the transplanting from the seedling nursery. By adopting the nursery matrix, a fermented organic fertilizer and an inorganic fertilizer are combined, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium demands in the growing process of walnut trees are met, the fertility is durable, the nutrition is sufficient, and grown walnut tree seedlings are good in quality. The degradable nutrition pot is adopted, transplanting with nutrient soil is achieved, root systems are not damaged during transplanting, the transplanted seedlings grow directly, and the survival rate can be larger than 98%. The nutrition pot matrix is light, transportation in mountainous areas is facilitated, and the degradable nutrition pot does not cause environmental pollution. In the rapid propagation method, a greenhouse facility is adopted, high-density and intensive propagation is achieved, seedling cultivation land is remarkably saved, and the benefit is good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to culture technique field, particularly a kind of ecological light ground mass walnut container seedling quick-breeding method.
Background technology
Because the nutritive value of walnut kernel is more and more subject to people's favor, the area of plantation walnut is also in continuous increase, and Chongqing and reservoir area of Three Gorges have now been developed more than 200 ten thousand mu of plantation walnuts.Demand Juglans amount just becomes large like this, and traditional walnut garden be that seedling is built garden substantially, causes most of orchard result evening, yields poorly, fruit quality is uneven, affects walnut and plant the economic benefit at family.Therefore, cultivate not only high-quality but also breeding walnut stock and Juglans thereof are key technologies cheaply.
Summary of the invention
For existing problem, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of ecological light ground mass walnut container seedling quick-breeding method, the method can be cultivated at 17 months and can go out the healthy and strong grafting that transplant in garden, and nursery stock is neat, and survival rate is high.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of ecological light ground mass walnut container seedling quick-breeding method, is characterized in that: complete in accordance with the following steps:
(1), collection and the pretreatment of seed: gather walnut ripening fruits in mid-September, stack and slough crust, then clean by edible salt water, dry in the shade, carry out surface sprinkling sterilization with 800 times of aqueous solution of carbendazim;
(2), stock seedbed is processed and is cultivated: stock seedbed need be selected sand mold loam or add river sand in non-sand mold loam, the fertilizer fully becoming thoroughly decomposed is broken into powdery with high speed disintegrator and be spilled into native face, then spray 800 times of tpns and trichlorphon and carry out soil disinfection and desinsection, plough deeply native 35-45cm, the smooth face seedbed, railway carriage or compartment of making, seedbed width is 120-140cm, then according to spacing in the rows 15cm, line-spacing 20cm imbeds seed in seedbed, evenly water spray, need disposable drenching, then build the little shed that 40-60cm is high, overlay film, keeping arch temperature of shed is 25-30 DEG C of vernalization,
(3), insulation is survived the winter: the following area of height above sea level 600m need need be in early November in the area of late November, height above sea level 600-800m, build second layer film booth outward at the little shed in seedbed, the height of this film booth is that 100-300cm forms secondary heat-insulation layer, should note during this time watering and spraying bactericide, should control as 15-25 DEG C for the water temperature of watering;
(4), from native grafting: the next year 5-7 month, choose the healthy and strong stock of growing way, rise after soil, concentrate and cut in the cool a grafting;
(5), dress nutritive cube, pack the young plant after grafting into degradable nutrition pot rapidly, fill seedling medium, be neatly placed in special Seedlings nursery, according to spacing in the rows 30cm, line-spacing 40cm, neatly isolate and embark on journey, water; Described seedling medium is made up of the following component of parts by weight: 1 part, cow dung and stalk fermentation thing 20-25 part, peat 25-30 part, perlite 20-35 part, rural area soil 25-30 part and fused calcium magnesium phosphate, spray 800 times of tpns thereon, and turning covers for subsequent use;
(6), more heat of cooling: build sunshade;
(7), 30-45 days after dress alms bowl, observe grafting survival situation, mending of grafting survival do not connect, the nutritive cube connecing cannot be mended and garden need be cleaned out, until first young leaves turn green after, water, in this water watering, contain mass concentration and be 0.5% the water-soluble fertilizer of nitrogen, apply again fertilizer and spraying insecticide according to growing way later;
(8), more than height of seedling 15cm, hat width 30cm is when above, can go out garden, goes out 800 times of liquid of 1-2 days sprinkling carbendazim before garden.
In technique scheme: in step (1), the mass concentration of edible salt water is 0.3%.
In technique scheme: for the ease of management, fertilising and spraying fungicide, insecticide.In step (2), between seedbed, every railway carriage or compartment, stay the wide sidewalk of 40cm.
In technique scheme: in step (2), the fertilizer fully becoming thoroughly decomposed is cow dung and stalk fermentation thing, its addition is that every mu of ground is evenly spilled into 2000-3000kg cow dung and stalk fermentation thing.
In technique scheme: described cow dung with stalk fermentation thing is: by fresh cow dung, powder of straw mince, the ferment bacterium agent that spreads cultivation evenly mixes composting 15-25 days afterwards, the spread cultivation amount of agent of ferment bacterium is the mince 0.3%-0.5% of gross weight of fresh cow dung and powder of straw, the ratio of weight and number that fresh cow dung and powder of straw mince is 5:2, then dries to moisture≤10% and obtains cow dung and stalk fermentation thing.
In technique scheme in order to make shaded effects good: in step (6), adopt 80% sunshade net to build sunshade.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: 1, emerge fast, only cultivated into and can go out the healthy and strong grafting of garden transplanting to land for growing field crops with 17 months to going out garden from seed collection;
2, the present invention adopts cow dung and stalk fermentation thing, peat, perlite, rural area soil and fused calcium magnesium phosphate as culture medium, by fertilizer and the inorganic fertilizer combination of fermentation, meet the growth needs of nitrogen in walnut process of growth, phosphorus potassium, fertility is lasting, and nutrition is abundant, and the walnut sapling quality growing is excellent, omnidistance virus-free cultivation, nursery stock is neat, healthy and strong, without large seedling, well developed root system.
3, without seedling-slowing stage, adopt degradable nutrition pot, realize band Nutrition Soil and plant, in the time transplanting, do not damage root system, direct growth, survival rate reaches more than 98%.
4, light environment protection, nutritive cube matrix is gently beneficial to mountain area transport, and nutritive cube degradable does not have environmental pollution.
5, take up an area less, take facility plastic greenhouse, high density, intensive, significantly saves the land used of growing seedlings.
6, profitable, high-quality nursery stock is met the need of market, and the remarkable in economical benefits of nursery stock production unit is increased.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described:
A kind of ecological light ground mass walnut container seedling quick-breeding method, carries out as follows:
(1) collection of seed and pretreatment: gather walnut ripening fruits mid-September, stack and slough after exocarp the edible salt aqueous cleaning that is 0.3% with mass concentration, dry in the shade, 800 times of water diluents of employing carbendazim carry out surface sprinkling sterilization.
(2) high density stock seedbed is processed and is cultivated: stock seedbed need be selected sand mold loam or add river sand in non-sand mold soil, the fertilizer fully becoming thoroughly decomposed is broken into powdery with high speed disintegrating machine and be sprinkled into native face, the fertilizer fully becoming thoroughly decomposed is cow dung and stalk fermentation thing, described cow dung and stalk fermentation thing are: by fresh cow dung, powder of straw minces, ferment bacterium spread cultivation agent evenly mix after composting 15-25 days, ferment bacterium agent (the BBR bacterium that spreads cultivation, Rui Bao agricultural industrialized group Co., Ltd of Chongqing City produces) amount be the mince 0.3%-0.5% of gross weight of fresh cow dung and powder of straw, the ratio of weight and number that fresh cow dung and powder of straw mince is 5:2, then dry to moisture≤10% and obtain cow dung and stalk fermentation thing.
The sowing amount of fertilizer is every mu of ground 2000-3000kg.Spray 800 times of tpns and 800 times of trichlorphon mixed liquors, carry out soil disinfection and desinsection, then plough deeply 35-45cm, remove stone, the smooth face seedbed, railway carriage or compartment of making, seedbed width 120-140 centimetre, length is determined according to physical features, between seedbed, every railway carriage or compartment, stay 40 centimetres of wide sidewalks, by 15 centimetres of spacing in the rows, 20 centimetres of line-spacings, seed is neatly imbedded to seedbed, cover, evenly water, disposable drenching.Build the little shed of 40-60 centimetre high with bamboo piece, overlay film, keeps 25-30 DEG C of vernalization of temperature.
(3) insulation is survived the winter: 600 meters of following areas of height above sea level are in late November, more than height above sea level 600-800 regional in early November, need build second layer film booth outward by little shed in seedbed, little shed is positioned at second layer film booth, the height of second layer film booth is 100-300 centimetre, forms secondary heat-insulation layer.Observe during this time whether lack of water of seedbed, need to spray water time, can take pond retaining, make the temperature of water spray be controlled at 15-25 DEG C, must not use stream or river that the temperature difference is too large.After emerging, according to weather, humidity and disease situation, take the circumstances into consideration to spray bactericide, bactericide is 800 times of tpns.
(4) preparation of preparation Medium of Container Seedling: take 1 part, cow dung and stalk fermentation thing 20-25 part, peat 25-30 part, perlite 20-35 part, rural area soil 25-30 part and fused calcium magnesium phosphate, spray 800 times of tpns, turning covering is for subsequent use.Described cow dung with stalk fermentation thing is: by fresh cow dung, powder of straw mince, the ferment bacterium agent that spreads cultivation evenly mixes composting 15-25 days afterwards, ferment bacterium agent (the BBR bacterium that spreads cultivation, Rui Bao agricultural industrialized group Co., Ltd of Chongqing City produces) amount be the mince 0.3%-0.5% of gross weight of fresh cow dung and powder of straw, the ratio of weight and number that fresh cow dung and powder of straw mince is 5:2, then dries to moisture≤10% and obtains cow dung and stalk fermentation thing.
(5) from native grafting: the next year 5-7 month, choose the healthy and strong stock of growing way, rise after soil, concentrate and cut in the cool scion grafting.
(6) dress nutritive cube: pack the young plant after grafting into degradable nutrition pot rapidly, the seedling medium in filling step (4), is neatly placed in special Seedlings nursery.By 30 centimetres of spacing in the rows, 40 centimetres of line-spacings, with iron wire and little timber, neat isolation is embarked on journey.Spray clean cistern water, drench.
(7) more heat of cooling: Seedlings nursery is built sunshade, takes the sunshade net of 80% density.According to sunlight and temperature conditions, high sunshade in season.
(8) nursery stock spraying fertilizer: 30-45 days after dress nutritive cube, observe grafting survival situation, mending of grafting survival do not connect, and cannot mend the nutritive cube connecing and must clean out garden, and field planting is in stock garden again.Until first young leaves turn green after, can be in conjunction with water spray, in the water of this water spray, contain mass concentration and be 0.5% nitrogenous water-soluble fertilizer.According to growing way, consider and increase fertilizer application amount and change fertilizer element later.During this time, observe insect pest situation, take the circumstances into consideration 800 times of liquid of spraying insecticide trichlorphon.
(9) go out garden and transport: according to walnut afforestation duration situation, at height of seedling more than 45 centimetres, while being preced with more than 30 centimetres, can go out garden.Time be probably the 2-3 month of next year, goes out garden and selects as far as possible fine day, goes out 1-2 days before garden, can suitably spray 800 times of liquid of carbendazim, can prevent that blade is in transit crowded hinders sterilization.While going out garden, select as far as possible height, a hat basically identical seedling, guarantee a collection of a, garden, growing way is neat.And according to national regulation, handle free pratique.
More than describe preferred embodiment of the present invention in detail.Should be appreciated that those of ordinary skill in the art just can design according to the present invention make many modifications and variations without creative work.Therefore, all technical staff in the art, all should be in by the determined protection domain of claims under this invention's idea on the basis of existing technology by the available technical scheme of logical analysis, reasoning, or a limited experiment.
Claims (6)
1. an ecological light ground mass walnut container seedling quick-breeding method, is characterized in that: complete in accordance with the following steps:
(1), collection and the pretreatment of seed: gather walnut ripening fruits in mid-September, stack and slough crust, then clean by edible salt water, dry in the shade, carry out surface sprinkling sterilization with 800 times of aqueous solution of carbendazim;
(2), stock seedbed is processed and is cultivated: stock seedbed need be selected sand mold loam or add river sand in non-sand mold loam, the fertilizer fully becoming thoroughly decomposed is broken into powdery with high speed disintegrator and be spilled into native face, then spray 800 times of tpns and trichlorphon and carry out soil disinfection and desinsection, plough deeply native 35-45cm, the smooth face seedbed, railway carriage or compartment of making, seedbed width is 120-140cm, then according to spacing in the rows 15cm, line-spacing 20cm imbeds seed in seedbed, evenly water spray, need disposable drenching, then build the little shed that 40-60cm is high, overlay film, keeping arch temperature of shed is 25-30 DEG C of vernalization,
(3), insulation is survived the winter: the following area of height above sea level 600m need need be in early November in the area of late November, height above sea level 600-800m, build second layer film booth outward at the little shed in seedbed, the height of this film booth is that 100-300cm forms secondary heat-insulation layer, should note during this time watering and spraying bactericide, should control as 15-25 DEG C for the water temperature of watering;
(4), from native grafting: the next year 5-7 month, choose the healthy and strong stock of growing way, rise after soil, concentrate and cut in the cool a grafting;
(5), dress nutritive cube, pack the young plant after grafting into degradable nutrition pot rapidly, fill seedling medium, be neatly placed in special Seedlings nursery, according to spacing in the rows 30cm, line-spacing 40cm, neatly isolate and embark on journey, water; Described seedling medium is made up of the following component of parts by weight: 1 part, cow dung and stalk fermentation thing 20-25 part, peat 25-30 part, perlite 20-35 part, rural area soil 25-30 part and fused calcium magnesium phosphate, spray 800 times of tpns thereon, and turning covers for subsequent use;
(6), more heat of cooling: build sunshade;
(7), 30-45 days after dress alms bowl, observe grafting survival situation, mending of grafting survival do not connect, the nutritive cube connecing cannot be mended and garden need be cleaned out, until first young leaves turn green after, water, in this water watering, contain mass concentration and be 0.5% the water-soluble fertilizer of nitrogen, apply again fertilizer and spraying insecticide according to growing way later;
(8), more than height of seedling 15cm, hat width 30cm is when above, can go out garden, goes out 800 times of liquid of 1-2 days sprinkling carbendazim before garden.
2. ecological light ground mass walnut container seedling quick-breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (1), the mass concentration of edible salt water is 0.3%.
3. ecological light ground mass walnut container seedling quick-breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (2), stay the wide sidewalk of 40cm between seedbed, every railway carriage or compartment.
4. ecological light ground mass walnut container seedling quick-breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step (2), the fertilizer fully becoming thoroughly decomposed is cow dung and stalk fermentation thing, and its addition is that every mu of ground is evenly spilled into 2000-3000kg cow dung and stalk fermentation thing.
5. according to ecological light ground mass walnut container seedling quick-breeding method described in claim 1 or 4, it is characterized in that: described cow dung with stalk fermentation thing is: by fresh cow dung, powder of straw mince, the ferment bacterium agent that spreads cultivation evenly mixes composting 15-25 days afterwards, the spread cultivation amount of agent of ferment bacterium is the mince 0.3%-0.5% of gross weight of fresh cow dung and powder of straw, the ratio of weight and number that fresh cow dung and powder of straw mince is 5:2, then dries to moisture≤10% and obtains cow dung and stalk fermentation thing.
6. ecological light ground mass walnut container seedling quick-breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (6), adopt 80% sunshade net to build sunshade.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104521494A (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2015-04-22 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Light matrix seedling method for eucalpytus dunnii |
| CN105315085A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-02-10 | 重庆市林业科学研究院 | Light medium for seedling peony for oil and preparation method of light medium |
| CN105557438A (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-05-11 | 杭州润土园艺科技有限公司 | Method for increasing number of cut fruiting side branches of ilex verticillata |
| CN105706876A (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2016-06-29 | 西双版纳正源农林科技有限公司 | Macadimia nut seedling planting method |
| CN106069551A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-11-09 | 四川印山红农业科技有限公司 | A kind of Juglans breeding method based on nutritive cube |
| CN106069466A (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2016-11-09 | 普定县宏峰养殖专业合作社 | A kind of Semen Juglandis implantation methods |
| CN106305251A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2017-01-11 | 卿厚明 | Walnut big container-growing seedling breeding method |
| CN107637403A (en) * | 2017-09-16 | 2018-01-30 | 陈肸 | A kind of fast breeding method of walnut grafting |
| CN110291894A (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2019-10-01 | 宋荣晶 | A kind of method that quickly breeding closes stockaded village's millet walnut grafting container seedling |
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2014
- 2014-07-30 CN CN201410369286.0A patent/CN104186135A/en active Pending
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104521494A (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2015-04-22 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Light matrix seedling method for eucalpytus dunnii |
| CN106305251A (en) * | 2015-06-19 | 2017-01-11 | 卿厚明 | Walnut big container-growing seedling breeding method |
| CN105315085A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-02-10 | 重庆市林业科学研究院 | Light medium for seedling peony for oil and preparation method of light medium |
| CN105557438A (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-05-11 | 杭州润土园艺科技有限公司 | Method for increasing number of cut fruiting side branches of ilex verticillata |
| CN105557438B (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2018-06-12 | 杭州润土园艺科技有限公司 | A kind of increase ilex verticillata cuts a method for result side shoot quantity |
| CN105706876A (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2016-06-29 | 西双版纳正源农林科技有限公司 | Macadimia nut seedling planting method |
| CN106069466A (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2016-11-09 | 普定县宏峰养殖专业合作社 | A kind of Semen Juglandis implantation methods |
| CN106069551A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-11-09 | 四川印山红农业科技有限公司 | A kind of Juglans breeding method based on nutritive cube |
| CN107637403A (en) * | 2017-09-16 | 2018-01-30 | 陈肸 | A kind of fast breeding method of walnut grafting |
| CN110291894A (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2019-10-01 | 宋荣晶 | A kind of method that quickly breeding closes stockaded village's millet walnut grafting container seedling |
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