CN106465624A - A kind of Radix Ipomoeae high-yield culture technique - Google Patents
A kind of Radix Ipomoeae high-yield culture technique Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106465624A CN106465624A CN201510515848.2A CN201510515848A CN106465624A CN 106465624 A CN106465624 A CN 106465624A CN 201510515848 A CN201510515848 A CN 201510515848A CN 106465624 A CN106465624 A CN 106465624A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- kilograms
- potato
- seedling
- radix ipomoeae
- soil
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims description 8
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009746 freeze damage Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 244000017020 Ipomoea batatas Species 0.000 abstract description 7
- 235000002678 Ipomoea batatas Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 29
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 14
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 6
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 5
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 241000254171 Curculionidae Species 0.000 description 4
- JJEJDZONIFQNHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C+4].N Chemical compound [C+4].N JJEJDZONIFQNHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 4
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 3
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 240000006153 Dioscorea trifida Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000002718 Dioscorea trifida Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 208000012868 Overgrowth Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000005373 Panax quinquefolius Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000985245 Spodoptera litura Species 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003698 anagen phase Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003657 drainage water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZNOLGFHPUIJIMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fenitrothion Chemical compound COP(=S)(OC)OC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C(C)=C1 ZNOLGFHPUIJIMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002015 leaf growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229960001952 metrifonate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000005645 nematicide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 2
- ATROHALUCMTWTB-OWBHPGMISA-N phoxim Chemical compound CCOP(=S)(OCC)O\N=C(\C#N)C1=CC=CC=C1 ATROHALUCMTWTB-OWBHPGMISA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229950001664 phoxim Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000002786 root growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005082 stem growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- NFACJZMKEDPNKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorfon Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)C(O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl NFACJZMKEDPNKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000016068 Berberis vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000335053 Beta vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000207782 Convolvulaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000037666 field crops Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013402 health food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009342 intercropping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000008935 nutritious Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005068 transpiration Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Radix Ipomoeae high-yield culture technique, including nursery；Selection of land, site preparation and a furrow；Plantation；Field management；Harvest in good time；Specifically appropriate to the occasion selection of potato wedges nursery is of moderate size (single potato weight is advisable) with 200～300 grams, straight uniform, no disease pest, no wound, the potato wedges no damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature is planted, carry out heeling in numerous Seedling when the Seedling length that potato kind grows reaches 25～30 centimetres, and carry out pinching when falsity Seedling joint number reaches 6～10 section positions and pinch rush branch, after potato seedling growth is cultivated, carry out the site preparation of planting site and play furrow, by the fertilizer practice of science, reach planting requirement by after land treatment systems, transplanted again, management technique by new oblique cutting technology and science, make to be greatly improved by the Ipomoea batatas production planted using this method, reach more than 25%.
Description
Technical field：
The invention belongs to and Radix Ipomoeae cultivating and growing technical field is and in particular to a kind of Radix Ipomoeae high-yield culture technique.
Background technology：
Radix Ipomoeae also known as Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae, Rhizoma Dioscoreae, belong to Convolvulaceae Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae, belong to the annual or perennial herbaceous plant that overgrows, are
A kind of dry crop.In past grain supply and demand stressful times, much place is " a JIHONG potato half a year grain ", is
Resolve adequate food and clothing and played very big effect.Now with the development of scientific and technological progress and market agricultural, to Radix Ipomoeae
Understanding has new leap again.The growth of Radix Ipomoeae is related to environmental factorss, the relation of Radix Ipomoeae growth and temperature：Sprout
16～18 DEG C of bud minimum temperature, 28～32 DEG C of preference temperature, the rudiment more than 35 DEG C is suppressed；Cissoid grows
21～26 DEG C of thermophilic degree, stops less than 15 DEG C of growths, suppressed higher than 38 DEG C of growths.The generation of adventitious root will
Seek more than 15 DEG C of ground temperature, in the range of 15～30 DEG C, the higher root of hair of temperature is faster.It is suitable that tuber is formed
21～29 DEG C of ground temperature, forms less than 20 DEG C or higher than 32 DEG C of all unfavorable tuber；The preference temperature that tuber expands is
22～23 DEG C, the minimum temperature expanding is 16～18 DEG C；Radix Ipomoeae is light crop, and illumination abundance is favorably photosynthetic
Effect.Fair weather is many, and beet yield is high, and overcast and rainy many, illumination deficiency yields poorly.Radix Ipomoeae Drought hardiness is stronger,
Transpiration coefficient is less.Water consumption during grown in field is dynamic from low to high, more from high to low.Take root go back Seedling,
Branch ties the potato stage, physiological water requirement less it is desirable to field capacity 60～70%；Branch knot potato grows to cissoid
Peak period, physiological water requirement more it is desirable to maximum water holding capacity 70～80%；After entering stem and leaf phase of decline,
To keep soil moisture content 60～70% to be advisable；Radix Ipomoeae absorption ability of nutrient is strong, also can obtain quite on barren soil
Yield, but Radix Ipomoeae is high-yield crop, needs fertile more, only supplies the nutrient of abundance, just can give full play to its
Highly yielding ability.Produce 1000 kilograms of fresh sweet potatos, need to apply purity nitrogen fertilizer 4～5 kilograms of (N), phosphate fertilizer (P2O5) 2～
3 kilograms, 7～8 kilograms of potash fertilizer (K2O).The acidproof alkali ability of Radix Ipomoeae is stronger, in P in soil H-number 4.2～8.3
In the range of all can grow, but more suitable with pH value 6.5～7.Soil layer is deep, the refreshing water of ventilation, rich in organic
The sand loam of matter and loam are conducive to Radix Ipomoeae to capture high yield.
It is adjustment crop mix that development Radix Ipomoeae produces, and improves the needs of productivity effect, is also to improve food knot
Structure, the needs advanced in living standard.Radix Ipomoeae is all strong to the adaptability of soil and ecological environmental condition and resistance,
Need fertile more resistance to ridge thin.Under high fertilizer and water condition cultivate, mu fresh tuber yield up to 5000 kilograms, in soil
Condition is poor or in the case of meeting the natural disaster such as arid, also more other stable crop yield；Radix Ipomoeae shade tolerant is covered simultaneously,
Suitable and long-stalked crop intercropping, can effectively improve land utilization ratio.
Because Radix Ipomoeae is not only nutritious, or a kind of health food of dietotherapeutic, in particular with people's life
The flat continuous improvement of running water, Radix Ipomoeae has more been referred to as the best-selling product on market, favored by consumers；So
Allow for the large-area increase of plantation of Radix Ipomoeae, the cultivation technique that current establishing in large scale base adopts generally falls
Afterwards, lead to Ipomoea batatas production not high, planting cost can be in any more, meanwhile, do not have good management or
In the case of enough staff, not only will not increase production, also can bring great economic loss, and possibly for
Environment also has a certain impact.
Content of the invention：
The technical problem to be solved be to overcome existing technological deficiency provide a kind of method rationally,
Method that is simple to operate, planting the Radix Ipomoeae cultivation of convenient southwest, specifically a kind of Radix Ipomoeae high-yield culture technique.
The present invention is achieved in that including nursery；Selection of land, site preparation and a furrow；Plantation；Field management step；
Harvest in good time；Comprise the following steps that
(1) nursery
1st, choose seeds：The appropriate to the occasion selection of potato wedges nursery is of moderate size (single potato weight is advisable with 200～300 grams), neatly
Uniformly, no disease pest, no wound, the potato wedges no damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature are planted.A width of 1～1.2 meter of seedling bed, length regards to be needed
Depending on wanting, typically often educate 50 kilograms of potato seeds and be available for ten thousand plants of Seedling 0.6-0.9, plant 3～4 mu, averagely every mu big
About 10～25 kilograms of field sowing quantity, the seeding phase rests in transplanting first 100 days about.
2nd, nursery：Carry out heeling in numerous Seedling when the Seedling length that potato kind grows reaches 5-10 centimetre, and in falsity Seedling
Joint number carries out pinching when reaching 3-5 section position and pinches rush branch.
3rd, fertile rush strong sprout：Cultivate tender Seedling strong sprout in plan (before plantation) 5～8 days thin instant nitrogenousfertilizer of applying of collecting seedling the phase,
And reach 25～30 centimetres of plantations of collecting seedling in time in potato seedling growth length.
(2) selection of land, site preparation and a furrow
1st, selection of land：Preferably select more than middle fertility, the convenient sandy loam of irrigation and drainage or loam.Radix Ipomoeae high production soil
Feature be that the soil is porous, soil layer is deep, nutrient is sufficient, aeration is strong.
2nd, apply fertilizer：(1) the medium above arable land of soil fertility：Mu applies 25～30 kilograms of (N of carbamide：12～14
Kilogram), general 30～50 kilograms of (P of phosphorus2O5：4.0～6.5 kilograms), 30～40 kilograms of (K2O of potassium sulfate：
20～25 kilograms；(2) the general arable land of soil fertility：Mu applies 30～45 kilograms of (N of carbamide：14～21
Kilogram), general 35～55 kilograms of (P2O5 of phosphorus：4.6～7.0 kilograms), 40～50 kilograms of (K of potassium sulfate2O：
25～30 kilograms).
Grasp the fertilization principle of " based on farm manure, supplemented by chemical fertilizer, based on base fertilizer, topdress supplemented by ".Test table
Bright, 3000 kilograms of fresh sweet potatos of per mu yield need to apply 3000 kilograms of high-quality farm manure, 20～25 kilograms of calcium superphosphate, sulfur
10～15 kilograms of sour potassium, 25 kilograms of ammonium hydrogen carbonate makees base fertilizer, topdresses then based on nitrogenous fertilizer.Long according to growing way
Phase split application.Rush seed manure is imposed within 5～7 days, mu applies 5～8 kilograms of carbon ammonium, after 30～40 days after general cultivation
Chase after strong strain fertile, mu applies 80～100 kilograms of carbon ammonium；Later stage sees that Seedling imposes rush potato fertilizer, and mu applies water excrement 10～15 load.
Advocate the outer spray fertilizer of root, 0.5 kilogram of carbamide of mu, 0.2 kilogram of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is watered 30～40 kilograms and is being close to
Evening sprays.Use sufficient base manure.Should use sufficient during site preparation base manure (about 30% total amount of nitrogen, 20% total amount of potassium applied and
100% phosphate fertilizer), and combine mu administration 3.6% granular insecticide 2.5kg preventing and treating subterranean pest-insect.
3rd, furrow are played：Play furrow plantation and not only improve rainy season draining, also help organic material decomposition, and can make
Daytime, heat absorption was fast, improved ground temperature, night rapid heat dissipation, day and night temperature is big, supported beneficial to Radix Ipomoeae growth and root system accumulation
Point.Good soil also will could improve the physicochemical property of soil and obtain high yield in conjunction with furrow plantation of having deep ploughed.Rise
The narrow depth of furrow ditch, no " hard-core " etc. should be accomplished during furrow as far as possible.Furrow away from general 1.1～1.3 meters (inclusion furrow ditch),
Furrow are high 0.3～0.4 meter, and from east-west, to make Radix Ipomoeae receive more preferable illumination, improve light
Can utilization rate.
(3) plant
1st, planted from top strong sprout.Top strong sprout stem is thick, leaf seedlings weight, and robust growth has top excellent
Gesture, nutrition organs are flourishing, and resistance against disadvantage is strong, turn green fast, take root morning, expand block, yield is high after cultivation.Test card
Bright：Plant than hotbed cutting seedlings using top strong sprout or increase production 10% with other miscellaneous Seedlings are general.
2nd, field transplanting：There is 5-7 section from potato seedling growth length, bury 2-3 section, exposes 2-4 section.
Advantage is that individual plant knot potato number increases, and yampi easily tied by closely native table, summer Radix Ipomoeae plant after again with 10% phoxim granule
Mix thoroughly with 10 kilograms of fine earths for 1-1.5 kilogram and make pesticide-clay mixture, in order to prevent and treat the nematicide in soil and grub.Every mu
10 kilograms about of consumption, 2 grams about of every cave consumption.
3rd, rational close planting：3000～4000 plants every mu of the density fall planting Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae of Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae transplanting, the winter plants every mu of Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae
4000～5000 plants relatively reasonable, and the characteristic with reference to different cultivars, the height of soil fertility and season are flexible
Grasp.High ridge dense planting.Ridge is made plantation and can be thickeied soil layer, increases soil light-receiving area, and day and night temperature is big, expands
Big root system range of activity, is conducive to the absorption of root system, the accumulation of Assimilate and operating, and tuber is swollen rapidly
Big raising yield.High 30～the 40cm in ridge, two row are planted on every ridge, and autumn in summer potato mu plants 5000 plants about, using oblique
Insert or plug flat, potato seedling growth is buried 3～5cm, 3 sections, firming wants consolidation, to improve planting percent.
(4) field management
Radix Ipomoeae is nonirrigated farmland root crop, and fertilizer requirement is big, does not have the obvious period of maturation again, and whole period of duration is all simultaneously
Avoid soil accumulated water.Therefore, it is managed keeping Radix Ipomoeae aerial partss and underground according to the growth characteristic of Radix Ipomoeae
Partial balanced growth and obtain high yield.
1st, root of hair also seedling stage ties potato period management to branch：This period is that the root of determining of Radix Ipomoeae is turned green the stage, needs water
Amount is few, consumes nutrient few, therefore, it is important that look into Seedling and fill a vacancy saving Seedling from damage.Carry out in 5 days after transplanting and look into Seedling
Mend and plant, and keep ground moistening, to improve the survival rate of potato seedling growth.After transplanting 15 days about timely according to growing way
Add seed manure (the 20% about of the total consumption of total nitrogen, potash fertilizer), the Seedling planted suitably more to be applied to mending.
2nd, the branch knot potato phase contains long-period of management to stem and leaf：This period is long branch Seedling, root growth and knot potato
In the stage, emphasis is by controlling climing rush branch.Before 40～45 days after transplanting, water requirement is few, and field keeps
Ground moistening.Behind stem and leaf envelope ridge, at most, water capacity should be maintained at maximum water-holding capacity to water requirement
70%～80%；Therefore, should fill as one sees fit：" horse race water ".It is fertile that Seedling to be seen imposes rush potato：60 days after transplanting
Combine big heavy dressing potash fertilizer of earthing up in front and back, mu applies 100 kilograms of plant ash or 6 kilograms of potassium sulfate (accounts for total consumption
60%)；Nitrogenous fertilizer, with 5 kilograms of carbamide (the 50% of total consumption).Prevent suddenly long, prosperous length, leaf color to stem and leaf
Dark green, petiole is long, Rhizoma Imperatae and the excessive suddenly long Seedling of CHAIGEN, takes lifting up of vines, method is gently to lift climing for potato,
After put back, in combination with intertillage, play the measures such as climing point, reduce field humidity, improve ventilation condition, suppression
Stem and leaf growth processed, promotes tuber to expand, never turnings over the vine, turning over the vine easy damaged base leaf, reduce nutrient manufacturing capacity,
Upset blade to be uniformly distributed, weaken leaf photosynthesis efficiency, impact nutrient operation often results in the underproduction with accumulation.And note
(the main insect of Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae has leaf folder, palaearctic sweet potato, Prodenia litura, little weevil etc., little for meaning pest control
Weevil can be with 500 times of liquid of 80% metrifonate pouring climing head 1-2 time；Other insects can use 80% ddvp emulsion
1000 times of liquid or 1000 times of liquid of Folithion, spray in afternoon).
3rd, stem and leaf Sheng length expands period management to potato wedges：This period is that potato wedges is expanded, nutrition is fully amassed to fast root
Tired important period, it is important that keep the balanced growth phase of Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae overground part and lower bottom by water management, with
Prevent excess moisture from causing over growth.Therefore it should be noted that opening up nitches and gutters, accomplish that flooded drainage water, drought fill horse race
Water, and attention control insect pest.
4th, the management to before harvest for the potato wedges expanding stage：This period is mainly the important period of Starch accumulation.
Potato wedges is contained for a long time, and from stem and leaf summit of growth until maturation, the growth of base leaf is gradually slow, and leaf color turns light, then stops life
Long.Organic centre switchs to potato wedges and contains length.To yellow leaf senilism field, apply long climing fertilizer in time.Apply liquid dung
15-20 carries on a shoulder pole, and method stitches pouring along ridge capping.Or it is watered 40 with 200 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate plus 500 grams of carbamide
Kilogram root outer spraying 2 times.Want ditch cleaning drainage simultaneously, prevent rotten potato.Or in latter 90 days of plant in front and back, if on the ground
Portion's growth potential is weaker, and mu is applied with a small amount of nitrogenous fertilizer (about 2 kilograms of carbamide) bath pouring or sprayed to prevent senilism, with
Drought notes filling horse race water in good time.Harvest and typically do not pour water for first 20～30 days, be beneficial to the results storage of Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae.
(5) harvest in good time
Radix Ipomoeae potato wedges growth critical temperature be 15 DEG C, less than 9 DEG C will result in freeze injury, preferably temperature be down in
15 DEG C about start harvest.
Specific embodiment：
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, but never in any form the present invention is limited
System, based on present invention teach that any conversion of being made or replacement, belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
A kind of Radix Ipomoeae high-yield culture technique of the present invention, including nursery；Selection of land, site preparation and a furrow；Plantation；
Field management step；Harvest in good time；Comprise the following steps that：
(1) nursery
1st, choose seeds：The appropriate to the occasion selection of potato wedges nursery is of moderate size (single potato weight is advisable with 200～300 grams), neatly
Uniformly, no disease pest, no wound, the potato wedges no damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature are planted.A width of 1～1.2 meter of seedling bed, length regards to be needed
Depending on wanting, typically often educate 50 kilograms of potato seeds and be available for 0.9～1.5 ten thousand plants of Seedling, plant 3～4 mu, averagely every mu
About 10～25 kilograms of land for growing field crops sowing quantity, the seeding phase rests in transplanting first 100 days about.
2nd, nursery：Carry out heeling in numerous Seedling when the Seedling length that potato kind grows reaches 25～30 centimetres, and in falsity
Seedling joint number carries out pinching when reaching 6～10 section positions and pinches rush branch.
3rd, fertile rush strong sprout：Cultivate tender Seedling strong sprout in plan (before plantation) 5～8 days thin instant nitrogenousfertilizer of applying of collecting seedling the phase,
And reach 25～30 centimetres of plantations of collecting seedling in time in potato seedling growth length.
(2) selection of land, site preparation and a furrow
1st, selection of land：Preferably select more than middle fertility, the convenient sandy loam of irrigation and drainage or loam.Radix Ipomoeae high production soil
Feature be that the soil is porous, soil layer is deep, nutrient is sufficient, aeration is strong.
2nd, apply fertilizer：(1) the medium above arable land of soil fertility：Mu applies 25～30 kilograms of (N of carbamide：12～14
Kilogram), general 30～50 kilograms of (P of phosphorus2O5：4.0～6.5 kilograms), 30～40 kilograms of (K2O of potassium sulfate：
20～25 kilograms；(2) the general arable land of soil fertility：Mu applies 30～45 kilograms of (N of carbamide：14～21
Kilogram), general 35～55 kilograms of (P2O5 of phosphorus：4.6～7.0 kilograms), 40～50 kilograms of (K of potassium sulfate2O：
25～30 kilograms).
Grasp the fertilization principle of " based on farm manure, supplemented by chemical fertilizer, based on base fertilizer, topdress supplemented by ".Test table
Bright, 3000 kilograms of fresh sweet potatos of per mu yield need to apply 3000 kilograms of high-quality farm manure, 20～25 kilograms of calcium superphosphate, sulfur
10～15 kilograms of sour potassium, 25 kilograms of ammonium hydrogen carbonate makees base fertilizer, topdresses then based on nitrogenous fertilizer.Long according to growing way
Phase split application.Rush seed manure is imposed within 5～7 days, mu applies 5～8 kilograms of carbon ammonium, after 30～40 days after general cultivation
Chase after strong strain fertile, mu applies 80～100 kilograms of carbon ammonium；Later stage sees that Seedling imposes rush potato fertilizer, and mu applies water excrement 10～15 load.
Advocate the outer spray fertilizer of root, 0.5 kilogram of carbamide of mu, 0.2 kilogram of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is watered 30～40 kilograms and is being close to
Evening sprays.Use sufficient base manure.Should use sufficient during site preparation base manure (about 30% total amount of nitrogen, 20% total amount of potassium applied and
100% phosphate fertilizer), and combine mu administration 3.6% granular insecticide 2.5kg preventing and treating subterranean pest-insect.
3rd, furrow are played：Play furrow plantation and not only improve rainy season draining, also help organic material decomposition, and can make
Daytime, heat absorption was fast, improved ground temperature, night rapid heat dissipation, day and night temperature is big, supported beneficial to Radix Ipomoeae growth and root system accumulation
Point.Good soil also will could improve the physicochemical property of soil and obtain high yield in conjunction with furrow plantation of having deep ploughed.Rise
The narrow depth of furrow ditch, no " hard-core " etc. should be accomplished during furrow as far as possible.Furrow away from general 1.1～1.3 meters (inclusion furrow ditch),
Furrow are high 0.3～0.4 meter, and from east-west, to make Radix Ipomoeae receive more preferable illumination, improve light
Can utilization rate.
(3) plant
1st, planted from top strong sprout.Top strong sprout stem is thick, leaf seedlings weight, and robust growth has top excellent
Gesture, nutrition organs are flourishing, and resistance against disadvantage is strong, turn green fast, take root morning, expand block, yield is high after cultivation.Test card
Bright：Plant than hotbed cutting seedlings using top strong sprout or increase production 10% with other miscellaneous Seedlings are general.
2nd, field transplanting：There is 5-7 section from potato seedling growth length, bury 2-3 section, exposes 2-4 section.
Advantage is that individual plant knot potato number increases, and yampi easily tied by closely native table, summer Radix Ipomoeae plant after again with 10% phoxim granule
Mix thoroughly with 10 kilograms of fine earths for 1-1.5 kilogram and make pesticide-clay mixture, in order to prevent and treat the nematicide in soil and grub.Every mu
10 kilograms about of consumption, 2 grams about of every cave consumption.
3rd, rational close planting：3000～4000 plants every mu of the density fall planting Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae of Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae transplanting, the winter plants every mu of Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae
4000～5000 plants relatively reasonable, and the characteristic with reference to different cultivars, the height of soil fertility and season are flexible
Grasp.High ridge dense planting.Ridge is made plantation and can be thickeied soil layer, increases soil light-receiving area, and day and night temperature is big, expands
Big root system range of activity, is conducive to the absorption of root system, the accumulation of Assimilate and operating, and tuber is swollen rapidly
Big raising yield.High 30～the 40cm in ridge, two row are planted on every ridge, and autumn in summer potato mu plants 5000 plants about, using oblique
Insert or plug flat, potato seedling growth is buried 3～5cm, 3 sections, firming wants consolidation, to improve planting percent.
(4) field management
Radix Ipomoeae is nonirrigated farmland root crop, and fertilizer requirement is big, does not have the obvious period of maturation again, and whole period of duration is all simultaneously
Avoid soil accumulated water.Therefore, it is managed keeping Radix Ipomoeae aerial partss and underground according to the growth characteristic of Radix Ipomoeae
Partial balanced growth and obtain high yield.
1st, root of hair also seedling stage ties potato period management to branch：This period is that the root of determining of Radix Ipomoeae is turned green the stage, needs water
Amount is few, consumes nutrient few, therefore, it is important that look into Seedling and fill a vacancy saving Seedling from damage.Carry out in 5 days after transplanting and look into Seedling
Mend and plant, and keep ground moistening, to improve the survival rate of potato seedling growth.After transplanting 15 days about timely according to growing way
Add seed manure (the 20% about of the total consumption of total nitrogen, potash fertilizer), the Seedling planted suitably more to be applied to mending.
2nd, the branch knot potato phase contains long-period of management to stem and leaf：This period is long branch Seedling, root growth and knot potato
In the stage, emphasis is by controlling climing rush branch.Before 40～45 days after transplanting, water requirement is few, and field keeps
Ground moistening.Behind stem and leaf envelope ridge, at most, water capacity should be maintained at maximum water-holding capacity to water requirement
70%～80%；Therefore, should fill as one sees fit：" horse race water ".It is fertile that Seedling to be seen imposes rush potato：60 days after transplanting
Combine big heavy dressing potash fertilizer of earthing up in front and back, mu applies 100 kilograms of plant ash or 6 kilograms of potassium sulfate (accounts for total consumption
60%)；Nitrogenous fertilizer, with 5 kilograms of carbamide (the 50% of total consumption).Prevent suddenly long, prosperous length, leaf color to stem and leaf
Dark green, petiole is long, Rhizoma Imperatae and the excessive suddenly long Seedling of CHAIGEN, takes lifting up of vines, method is gently to lift climing for potato,
After put back, in combination with intertillage, play the measures such as climing point, reduce field humidity, improve ventilation condition, suppression
Stem and leaf growth processed, promotes tuber to expand, never turnings over the vine, turning over the vine easy damaged base leaf, reduce nutrient manufacturing capacity,
Upset blade to be uniformly distributed, weaken leaf photosynthesis efficiency, impact nutrient operation often results in the underproduction with accumulation.And note
(the main insect of Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae has leaf folder, palaearctic sweet potato, Prodenia litura, little weevil etc., little for meaning pest control
Weevil can be with 500 times of liquid of 80% metrifonate pouring climing head 1-2 time；Other insects can use 80% ddvp emulsion
1000 times of liquid or 1000 times of liquid of Folithion, spray in afternoon).
3rd, stem and leaf Sheng length expands period management to potato wedges：This period is that potato wedges is expanded, nutrition is fully amassed to fast root
Tired important period, it is important that keep the balanced growth phase of Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae overground part and lower bottom by water management, with
Prevent excess moisture from causing over growth.Therefore it should be noted that opening up nitches and gutters, accomplish that flooded drainage water, drought fill horse race
Water, and attention control insect pest.
4th, the management to before harvest for the potato wedges expanding stage：This period is mainly the important period of Starch accumulation.
Potato wedges is contained for a long time, and from stem and leaf summit of growth until maturation, the growth of base leaf is gradually slow, and leaf color turns light, then stops life
Long.Organic centre switchs to potato wedges and contains length.To yellow leaf senilism field, apply long climing fertilizer in time.Apply liquid dung
15-20 carries on a shoulder pole, and method stitches pouring along ridge capping.Or it is watered 40 with 200 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate plus 500 grams of carbamide
Kilogram root outer spraying 2 times.Want ditch cleaning drainage simultaneously, prevent rotten potato.Or in latter 90 days of plant in front and back, if on the ground
Portion's growth potential is weaker, and mu is applied with a small amount of nitrogenous fertilizer (about 2 kilograms of carbamide) bath pouring or sprayed to prevent senilism, with
Drought notes filling horse race water in good time.Harvest and typically do not pour water for first 20～30 days, be beneficial to the results storage of Rhizoma Dioscoreae esculentae.
(5) harvest in good time
Radix Ipomoeae potato wedges growth critical temperature be 15 DEG C, less than 9 DEG C will result in freeze injury, preferably temperature be down in
15 DEG C about start harvest.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of Radix Ipomoeae high-yield culture technique, including nursery；Selection of land, site preparation and a furrow；Plantation；Field management；
Harvest in good time；Specifically include：
A, nursery：It includes seed selection, seed selection, fertile rush strong sprout；
B, selection of land, site preparation and a furrow：Preferably select more than middle fertility, the convenient sandy loam of irrigation and drainage or loam.Radix Ipomoeae
The feature of high production soil is that the soil is porous, soil layer is deep, nutrient is sufficient, and aeration is strong, mu apply carbamide 25～
30 kilograms of (N：12～14 kilograms), general 30～50 kilograms of (P of phosphorus2O5：4.0～6.5 kilograms), sulphuric acid
30～40 kilograms of (K20 of potassium：20～25 kilograms；(2) the general arable land of soil fertility：Mu apply carbamide 30～
45 kilograms of (N：14～21 kilograms), general 35～55 kilograms of (P205 of phosphorus：4.6～7.0 kilograms), sulphuric acid
40～50 kilograms of (K of potassium2O：25～30 kilograms)；
C, plantation：Planted from top strong sprout, have 5-7 section with potato seedling growth length, bury 2-3 section, exposes 2-4
Individual section；
D, field management：Including fertilising, weeding and PCO；Described fertilising is by every mu of 50～100Kg
Organic fertilizer, annual fertilizer application frequency is 3～4 times；Described weeding is to carry out before weeds grow to three leaves
Remove, the weeds of removing transport growing area, and to growing area unification lime disinfection；Described harmful organism prevents
Control it is important that adhering to the prevention of regular disease and reaching the insect of impact economic flow rate and wipe out and treat insect pests and plant diseases；
F, in good time results：The critical temperature of Radix Ipomoeae potato wedges growth is 15 DEG C, and less than 9 DEG C will result in freeze injury, preferably exist
Temperature is down to and is started to harvest in 15 DEG C about.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510515848.2A CN106465624A (en) | 2015-08-21 | 2015-08-21 | A kind of Radix Ipomoeae high-yield culture technique |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510515848.2A CN106465624A (en) | 2015-08-21 | 2015-08-21 | A kind of Radix Ipomoeae high-yield culture technique |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106465624A true CN106465624A (en) | 2017-03-01 |
Family
ID=58229660
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510515848.2A Pending CN106465624A (en) | 2015-08-21 | 2015-08-21 | A kind of Radix Ipomoeae high-yield culture technique |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106465624A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107211671A (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2017-09-29 | 蒙运绍 | A kind of implantation methods of sweet potato |
| CN108575634A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2018-09-28 | 张友红 | A kind of innoxious cultural method of Sweet Potato For High. yield Production |
| CN111955301A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-11-20 | 夏曲辉 | Planting method of sweet potatoes for milling |
| CN119817418A (en) * | 2025-02-12 | 2025-04-15 | 龙岩市农业科学研究所 | Method for improving sweet potato yield based on combined cultivation of multi-fork seedlings and horizontal flat planting transplanting mode |
-
2015
- 2015-08-21 CN CN201510515848.2A patent/CN106465624A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107211671A (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2017-09-29 | 蒙运绍 | A kind of implantation methods of sweet potato |
| CN108575634A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2018-09-28 | 张友红 | A kind of innoxious cultural method of Sweet Potato For High. yield Production |
| CN111955301A (en) * | 2020-09-08 | 2020-11-20 | 夏曲辉 | Planting method of sweet potatoes for milling |
| CN119817418A (en) * | 2025-02-12 | 2025-04-15 | 龙岩市农业科学研究所 | Method for improving sweet potato yield based on combined cultivation of multi-fork seedlings and horizontal flat planting transplanting mode |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN104920146B (en) | A kind of Pasania cuspidata quickly educates the propagation method of fringe | |
| CN103283549B (en) | Cultivation method of pollution-free high-quality selenium-zinc rice | |
| CN102246645B (en) | High-yield culture technology for southern potatoes planted in autumn | |
| CN102067773B (en) | Method for planting eastern hubei No.1 yam | |
| CN105359784A (en) | Method for high-yield planting of sweet potatoes | |
| CN105165384A (en) | Simple and high-efficiency cultivation method for flue cured tobaccos in tobacco-rice rotation area | |
| CN103477858A (en) | Cherry tomato planting method | |
| CN107295933A (en) | A kind of implantation methods of Kiwi berry | |
| CN103404347A (en) | Cultivation method for taros | |
| CN103125247A (en) | Cultivation method of organic American ginseng | |
| CN101946599A (en) | High yield culturing technique for early spring summer radish in small plastic house | |
| CN106233961A (en) | A kind of Citrullus vulgaris under-film drip irrigation water-saving planting method | |
| CN107079696A (en) | A kind of method that dragon fruit interplants Trifolium repense | |
| CN108713438A (en) | A kind of organic Kiwi cultural method | |
| CN102919020B (en) | Mountain summer radish open-field culture method | |
| CN106561455A (en) | Konjak interplanting method | |
| CN110178690B (en) | Application of carbon nano sol in strawberry cultivation, strawberry seedling cultivation medium, matrix and strawberry seedling cultivation method | |
| CN106718624A (en) | The cultural method of Ke Lunsheng currants | |
| CN106465624A (en) | A kind of Radix Ipomoeae high-yield culture technique | |
| CN106508586B (en) | Cultivation technique of interplanting cabbage type spring rapeseed with juvenile big cherry | |
| CN108094099A (en) | Lotus rhizome high yield cultivating method | |
| CN104472169B (en) | The implantation methods of a kind of Muddy Bottoms heavy saline－ alkali area at seashore cotton | |
| CN104206130A (en) | Method for interplanting maize and red cluster peppers | |
| CN103125248A (en) | Cultivation method of organic ginseng | |
| CN109874617A (en) | A kind of implantation methods of asparagus |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| DD01 | Delivery of document by public notice | ||
| DD01 | Delivery of document by public notice |
Addressee: ZIYANG SHUMANYUAN GRAIN PLANTATION PROFESSIONAL COOPERATIVES Document name: Notification of before Expiration of Request of Examination as to Substance |
|
| DD01 | Delivery of document by public notice | ||
| DD01 | Delivery of document by public notice |
Addressee: ZIYANG SHUMANYUAN GRAIN PLANTATION PROFESSIONAL COOPERATIVES Document name: Notification that Application Deemed to be Withdrawn |
|
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20170301 |