CN104885842A - Method for cutting and breeding Taxus baccata - Google Patents
Method for cutting and breeding Taxus baccata Download PDFInfo
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- CN104885842A CN104885842A CN201510206623.9A CN201510206623A CN104885842A CN 104885842 A CN104885842 A CN 104885842A CN 201510206623 A CN201510206623 A CN 201510206623A CN 104885842 A CN104885842 A CN 104885842A
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- cutting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cutting and breeding Taxus baccata. The method comprises steps of selecting 1-2 years old of semi-lignified branches from the top of Taxus baccata plants of more than 5 years old; using the 500 mg*L<-1> of IBA or ABT to process the branches; cutting and inserting the branches into the matrix of peat soil, perlite and river sand for rooting culture, wherein the volume ratio of the peat soil, the perlite and the river sand is 3:1:1; when new roots begin to grow on the breeding branches, controlling the rooting temperature to be 20-28 DEG C and the air humidity to be 75%-95%; and spraying growth promotion nutrient solution on leaves so as to allow tender tips sprout on the new roots; and carrying out partition planting for different levels of quickly breeding seedlings. According to the invention, by using the cutting method to breed Taxus baccata in a facility cultivation condition, affects of external conditions are can be avoided; the Taxus baccata can be produced at all seasons; occupied area for seedling breeding can be saved; and production cost can be reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of european yew cuttage breeding method, belong to artificial propagation and the cultivation method technical field of plant.
Background technology
European yew (
taxus baccata) be taxaceae Taxus aiphyllium, originate in Europe, north African and West Asia, the ground such as China Mount Lushan, Nanjing are introduced a fine variety.Fine and smooth and the solid corrosion resistant of european yew wood structure; Its seed oil yield is high and containing a large amount of protein, fat, total reducing sugar etc., can make industrial use; Its branch, leaf, root all can extract the biological raw materials such as taxol, have good curative effect to the cancer such as oophoroma, lung cancer; In addition, european yew appearance and modeling is unique, and evergreen all the year round bright-coloured green, scarlet full during seed maturity, cherry arillus and greenery contrast finely with each other, exception attractive in appearance, are rare high-grade green tree species and pot plant material.Can say european yew be integrate medicinal, material, the valuable source plant viewed and admired and rare tree species, there is high value of exploiting and utilizing.
European yew is mainly scattered in occurring in nature with " mixed life, cladding, different age ", poor growth, natural renovation difficulty.Its natural regeneration mode has seminal propagation and asexual rudiment to breed two kinds, but due to this genus, the plant often scattered species interval caused in Lin Zhonger, or flowering asynchronism (dioecism, cross pollination), make its fertilization failure of pollinating, the final seed amount formed is extremely limited; In addition its seed arillus taste sweetness is edible, and birds, animal also take food, and make relic species quantum count less.And the seed of european yew is pyreniform, plants skin depth, be in deep sleep state, need under nature could sprout through two summers in winter one.These all constrain the breeding process of european yew.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of efficient european yew cutting propagation, carry out the needs of the research work of large-scale production and the Other subjects based on european yew is numerous soon.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that the main feature of this kind of european yew fast breeding method is:
The selection of A, cuttings and making: choose 1 ~ 2 year raw semi-lignified branch at the european yew plant top of 5 years above age of trees of life, cut material early morning or dusk, cut flat Material ports and retain terminal bud.Accomplish that tangent plane is level and smooth, do not hinder bud, not broken skin, do not ftracture.Numerous material length is 8 ~ 12cm, retains the needle on numerous material top 2/3 to 3/4, and retains " node " of crotch.After cutting with secateurs, carry out water spray moisturizing process.
The process of B, cuttings: by the cuttings sheared 500 mgL
-1iBA or ABT process, treatment sites is numerous material lower cut and base portion branch section, and soak time is advisable with 6 h, and the degree of depth of immersion is 2 ~ 3cm, and the concentration as reagent treatment is increased to 1000 mgL
-1, soak time foreshortens to 2 h, carries out cuttage immediately after process.
C, cuttage pond and cutting medium: be paved into cuttage pond with the good common brick of gas permeability water penetration, it is permeable to guarantee that bottom spreads one deck; Using peat soil, perlite and river sand by volume 3:1:1 carry out mixing as matrix, cuttage to be watered and to mix thoroughly to pinching into fist and do not fall apart the previous day.
D, culture of rootage: during numerous material cuttage, answer straight cutting, must not insert, oblique cutting, again numerous material is inserted in hole with small wooden after the preset jack of cutting medium, guard against cutting otch and matrix is worn and torn injured, compacting matrix after numerous material cuttage, matrix of make suring and cutting are touched, and the cuttage degree of depth is advisable with 3 ~ 4cm, cutting density with numerous material branches and leaves not juxtaposition be as the criterion, general 400 ~ 600 strains/m
2.After material cuttage, open micro-spray atomizing system immediately, and cover mocromembrane Small plastic shed.Control temperature of taking root is 20 ~ 28 DEG C, the air humidity needed is respectively 90% ~ 95%, 85% ~ 90%, 80% ~ 85%, 75% ~ 80% in cell activation phase, Callus formation phase, root restriction generation phase, root growth phase, should be close with the air humidity of overall situation in the air humidity of hardening laundering period.Regulated and controled by implementation system, can according to numerous material to the changes in demand of humidity corresponding increase and decrease system atomizing number of times, atomizing time, in seedbed humidity is remained on optimum range that numerous material takes root.
E, fertilizing management: when the numerous material of european yew from grow new root and transfer this period of bronzing to new root to by milky, numerous material foliage-spray 3 ~ 5 growth promotion nutrient solutions (are improved by conventional nutrient formula of liquid, as 1/2MS nutrient solution), numerous material can be impelled to sprout the tender tip at fast propagating seedling bed.
F, fast propagating seedling are transplanted: fast numerous seedling should carry out classification according to numerous material type, root of hair situation, and fast numerous seedling of different stage is carried out subregion and planted.From lifting to transplanting overall process, be connected and carry out, be strictly on guard against that shoot root is exposed to the weather.Accomplish to plant straight, compacting, not nest root, water (spray) after cultivation in time and fill with " normal root water ", transplanted seedling root system and soil are touched.On the Seedlings nursery ground possessing fast numerous little transplantation of seedlings transition booth, the anniversary fast numerous seedling can be transplanted from fast propagating seedling bed.On non-facilities regulation and control Seedlings nursery ground, to transplant best in late October to late November and late Febuary to late March.Nursery stock according to cultivating different size determines corresponding density, and general fast numerous seedling transplants transition region first, and planting density is advisable with 25cm × 25cm, and mu plants 8000 strains; Ground, upper specification seedling (comprising cutting orchard seedling) garden in cultivation, planting density is advisable with 50cm × 50cm, and mu plants 2000 strains.In production, be improve nursery lot availability, practicable plan dense planting planting method, namely take a field planting, the way of in batches transplanting to be created as nursery lot.After rare pick that reduces by half for twice as carried out with mu being planted to the garden of 8000 strains is transplanted, namely become the ground, thin planting garden that mu plants 2000 strains.Like this, in the identical time limit, the nursery of headspace is high more than considering that large gauge seedling is grown up for the nursery stock output capacity on Seedlings nursery ground.
Under Protected Cultivation, adopt cottage method to breed european yew, not only can break away from the impact of external condition, the four seasons can produce, and can save nursery occupation of land, reduce production cost.Both maintained maternal merit by cuttage vegetative propagation, and a large amount of Progeny plants can have been formed and stabilization characteristics of genetics simultaneously, form a large amount of high quality seedling in a short time, carry out scale, factorial praluction.
Embodiment
Example below in conjunction with the Fast-propagation of european yew illustrates the specific embodiment of the present invention.
The cuttage and quick-propagation of example 1 european yew
In July, 1.2012, in 5 years, raw european yew gets current-year branch, average 50/strain, cuts material early morning, cuts flat Material ports and retains terminal bud.Numerous material length is 8 ~ 12cm, retains the needle on numerous material top 3/4, and retains " node " of crotch, amounts to acquisition 2100 cuttings.Use 2000 mgL
-1iBA soaks cuttings base portion 5-min, cuttage immediately, to in peat soil, perlite and the river sand matrix that by volume 3:1:1 mixes, opens micro-spray atomizing system (every day sprays 3 times, 1min/ time), ensure that humidity is 75 ~ 85%, and suitably shade (light transmittance 70-80%).
2. ensure in greenhouse to ventilate, temperature controls at about 25 DEG C.From in August, 2012, utilize random sampling to add up the Callus formation situation of cuttings, keep cuttage pond without weed growth, and reject withered branch.The rooting rate of cuttage random sampling statistics cuttings after 2 months, finally takes root and the seedling survived is 1787, and survival rate is 85%.
The transplanting of example 2 fast propagating seedling with go out garden
1. after take root 2 ~ 3 months, fast propagating seedling can be transplanted.From lifting to the overall process of plantation, be connected and carry out, prevent seedling and root from being exposed to the weather.Accomplish to plant straight, compacting, not nest root, water (spray) after cultivation in time and fill with " normal root water ", transplanted seedling root system and soil are touched.Planting density is 25cm × 25cm, and mu plants 8000 strains.Growth 1 year after transplanting, the ground, garden mu being planted to 8000 strains carries out rare pick transplanting that reduces by half for twice again, becomes the ground, thin planting garden that mu plants 2000 strains.
2. the small dimension kind nursery lot of fast numerous little transplantation of seedlings adopts pipeline sprinkling irrigation system, sprays water according to ground, garden water regime of soil in good time, in right amount.At the seedling growth initial stage, to execute chemical nitrogen fertilizer, the later stage, fertilization mode was that water is executed to execute phosphorus, potash fertilizer, namely used the liquid chemical fertilizer of become thoroughly decomposed night soil or 0.2% ~ 0.3% concentration of Baume 2 ~ 3 degree, generally used at cloudy day or dusk.Weeding is grasped " except early, except little, eliminate " principle, except artificial uprooting weed, shovel grass, adopt some selective herbicides specially killing grassy weed such as 5% smart quizalofopethyl missible oil to carry out weeding.Loosen the soil in time when soil compaction, annual 4 ~ 6 times, pine soil depth is as the criterion with no seedling injury wood root system.Running check kind nursery lot, removes dead seedling, sick seedling, hinders seedling, weak seedling, after-culture strong sprout, and nursery stock is evenly distributed, and growth is neat.
Fast numerous seedling within life in 3.1 years can go out garden in the anniversary, for Seedlings nursery ground large gauge seedling to go out garden the best in late October to late November or late Febuary to late March.Keep root system complete, do not damage terminal bud, not damaged root skin, forbid to use hand-lifting seedling.The lifting degree of depth looks seedling root upgrowth situation and different, generally must not be less than 20cm.Should at shady and cool lee after lifting, reject split that root is disputed over trifles, root system development is unsound, defect terminal bud with other underproof nursery stock, then carry out classification by seedling quality, size specification standard.
Claims (1)
1. a method for european yew cutting propagation, is characterized in that:
The selection of A, cuttings and making: choose 1 ~ 2 year raw semi-lignified branch at the european yew plant top of 5 years above age of trees of life, cut material early morning or dusk, cut flat Material ports and retain terminal bud; Accomplish that tangent plane is level and smooth, do not hinder bud, not broken skin, do not ftracture; Numerous material length is 8 ~ 12cm, retains the needle on numerous material top 2/3 to 3/4, and retains " node " of crotch; After cutting with secateurs, carry out water spray moisturizing process;
The process of B, cuttings: by the cuttings sheared 500 mgL
-1iBA or ABT process, treatment sites is numerous material lower cut and base portion branch section, and soak time is advisable with 6 h, and the degree of depth of immersion is 2 ~ 3cm, and the concentration as reagent treatment is increased to 1000 mgL
-1, soak time foreshortens to 2 h, carries out cuttage immediately after process;
C, cuttage pond and cutting medium: be paved into cuttage pond with the good common brick of gas permeability water penetration, it is permeable to guarantee that bottom spreads one deck; Using peat soil, perlite and river sand by volume 3:1:1 carry out mixing as matrix, cuttage to be watered and to mix thoroughly to pinching into fist and do not fall apart the previous day;
D, culture of rootage: during numerous material cuttage, answer straight cutting, must not insert, oblique cutting, again numerous material is inserted in hole with small wooden after the preset jack of cutting medium, guard against cutting otch and matrix is worn and torn injured, compacting matrix after numerous material cuttage, matrix of make suring and cutting are touched, and the cuttage degree of depth is advisable with 3 ~ 4cm, cutting density with numerous material branches and leaves not juxtaposition be as the criterion, general 400 ~ 600 strains/m
2; After material cuttage, open micro-spray atomizing system immediately, and cover mocromembrane Small plastic shed; Control temperature of taking root is 20 ~ 28 DEG C, the air humidity needed is respectively 90% ~ 95%, 85% ~ 90%, 80% ~ 85%, 75% ~ 80% in cell activation phase, Callus formation phase, root restriction generation phase, root growth phase, should be close with the air humidity of overall situation in the air humidity of hardening laundering period; Regulated and controled by implementation system, can according to numerous material to the changes in demand of humidity corresponding increase and decrease system atomizing number of times, atomizing time, in seedbed humidity is remained on optimum range that numerous material takes root;
E, fertilizing management: when the numerous material of european yew from grow new root and transfer this period of bronzing to new root to by milky, numerous material foliage-spray 3 ~ 5 growth promotion nutrient solutions (are improved by conventional nutrient formula of liquid, as 1/2MS nutrient solution), numerous material can be impelled to sprout the tender tip at fast propagating seedling bed;
F, fast propagating seedling are transplanted: fast numerous seedling should carry out classification according to numerous material type, root of hair situation, and fast numerous seedling of different stage is carried out subregion and planted; From lifting to transplanting overall process, be connected and carry out, be strictly on guard against that shoot root is exposed to the weather; Accomplish to plant straight, compacting, not nest root, water (spray) after cultivation in time and fill with " normal root water ", transplanted seedling root system and soil are touched; On the Seedlings nursery ground possessing fast numerous little transplantation of seedlings transition booth, the anniversary fast numerous seedling can be transplanted from fast propagating seedling bed; On non-facilities regulation and control Seedlings nursery ground, to transplant best in late October to late November and late Febuary to late March; Nursery stock according to cultivating different size determines corresponding density, and general fast numerous seedling transplants transition region first, and planting density is advisable with 25cm × 25cm, and mu plants 8000 strains; Ground, upper specification seedling (comprising cutting orchard seedling) garden in cultivation, planting density is advisable with 50cm × 50cm, and mu plants 2000 strains; In production, be improve nursery lot availability, practicable plan dense planting planting method, namely take a field planting, the way of in batches transplanting to be created as nursery lot; After rare pick that reduces by half for twice as carried out with mu being planted to the garden of 8000 strains is transplanted, namely become the ground, thin planting garden that mu plants 2000 strains; Like this, in the identical time limit, the nursery of headspace is high more than considering that large gauge seedling is grown up for the nursery stock output capacity on Seedlings nursery ground.
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| CN201510206623.9A CN104885842A (en) | 2015-04-28 | 2015-04-28 | Method for cutting and breeding Taxus baccata |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105660300A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-06-15 | 德清绿色阳光农业生态有限公司 | Propagation method for French plum |
| CN107173149A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-09-19 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | A kind of color Ye Gui a, famous physician of the Qing Dynasty flower mist insert method |
| CN107912219A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-04-17 | 欧建德 | A kind of southerm yew cutting orchard construction method for producing erect type fringe bar |
| CN112753474A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-05-07 | 荔波县黄江河国家湿地公园管理站 | Taxus chinensis cutting cultivation method and application thereof |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105660300A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-06-15 | 德清绿色阳光农业生态有限公司 | Propagation method for French plum |
| CN107173149A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-09-19 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | A kind of color Ye Gui a, famous physician of the Qing Dynasty flower mist insert method |
| CN107912219A (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2018-04-17 | 欧建德 | A kind of southerm yew cutting orchard construction method for producing erect type fringe bar |
| CN112753474A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-05-07 | 荔波县黄江河国家湿地公园管理站 | Taxus chinensis cutting cultivation method and application thereof |
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