CN103703983B - A kind of breeding method of Wampee tree - Google Patents

A kind of breeding method of Wampee tree Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103703983B
CN103703983B CN201310719457.3A CN201310719457A CN103703983B CN 103703983 B CN103703983 B CN 103703983B CN 201310719457 A CN201310719457 A CN 201310719457A CN 103703983 B CN103703983 B CN 103703983B
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seed
soil
breeding method
wampee
wampee tree
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CN103703983A (en
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刘龙
杨海基
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Shenzhen Colorful Agricultural Science And Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of breeding method of Wampee tree, comprising: 1) choose wild Radical Injury in Wampee Seeds and educate rootstock seedling; 2) take out seed, the colloid washing away seed outside can be sowed; 3) temperature of whole cultivating process controls at 15-25 DEG C, humid control is at 20%-60%, cultivate a kind of excellent wild varieties to be bred by grafting, easy length is easily managed, and taste of fruit is good, is worth high, plantation Calusena lansium has fine market prospects fruit tree easily long easily pipe, taste of fruit is good, is worth high, and plantation Calusena lansium has fine market prospects.

Description

A kind of breeding method of Wampee tree
Technical field
The present invention relates to the breeding method of a Plants, relate to a kind of breeding method of Wampee tree specifically.
Background technology
Calusena lansium, as the term suggests, there is yellow skin, also by the title outermost layer of skin, oily plum, cock skin fruit, yellow light, yellow batch, yellow pellet, king's jar.Originate in south China, in China's history of more than 1,500 year; Calusena lansium is one of tropical fruit (tree) of liking of the masses, and have higher nutritive value, purposes widely, is the local product fruits in Hainan; Fruit is rich in sugar, organic acid, pectin, vitamin C, volatile oil, glycosides displayed etc.
Wampee adaptability is very strong, wild, set and also can grow vigorous at barren soil, happiness light but also resistance to the moon, seldom damage by disease and insect occurs, also can bear fruit again and again without the need to cultivation management; Ripe clausenae Lansium, taste has sour-sweet, fresh and sweet, sweet etc., unique flavor; Wampee fruit is nutritious, has stomach strengthening and digestion promoting, clear phlegm gas, and the effect such as moisten the lung and relieve the cough; Especially Calusena lansium cultivation is seldom sprayed insecticide, and meets the standard of green fruit, eats fragrant and sweet good to eat, safety raw; Little due to a lot of regional establishing in large scale Calusena lansium, most is scattered planting, low level management, also be in a small amount of fruit of local consumption, there is the impetus that demand exceeds supply significantly, although grow directly from seeds, the kind of Calusena lansium is a lot, but most kind fruit quality is poor, show as fruit little, benevolence is many, meat is few, tart flavour is dense, thus cultivate a kind of improved seeds, output is high, fruit quality is good, can grow improved seeds is 'Jixin' wampee and seedless wampee, and its fruit is large, meat is thick, juice is many, seedless wampee, do not have benevolence, very meets market prospects.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve background technology Problems existing, the invention provides a kind of breeding method of Wampee tree, its step is as follows:
1) tame: spread lower seed in field, water, keep field capacity to reach 60-65%, continue 20 days, obtain the plant grown fine, carrying out acclimation to the seed of Wampee tree is in order to clausenae Lansium seed is absorbing sufficient moisture, plays the effect of drought resisting domestication;
2) seed treatment: by step 1) in the plant maturation clausenae Lansium of forming, gather, remove pulp, remove seed to go in the hot water of 50-60 DEG C filter fast by it, filtration time controls in 0.2-0.5 second, after hot water filters, seed is placed in cold water and soaks 5-10 minute, clausenae Lansium seed top layer is with layer of transparent colloidal substance object, be unfavorable for the quick pregermination growth of clausenae Lansium, through the filtration of superheated water, this layer of transparent colloid can be scalded, the plumule maintaining seed through cold water soak filter filter of not being heated is bad;
3) vernalization: get up by the soil bag of plastic film by 30-40cm, add wheat bran, water, keep soil moisture between 50-60%, put into the seed of the Wampee tree after process, be then placed in shady and cool place, ensure light application time 1-2 hour every day, intensity of illumination is 1000-1300lx, carries out vernalization to seed, and the presprouting of seeds speed after cold water soak is fast;
4) culture transferring: be transplanted to after seed grows radicle after vernalization success in the abundant soil of content of organics, plantation spacing is 20-30cm;
5) topdress: soil is fertile in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium coordinate, nitrogen amount of application accounts for annual fertilizing amount 60% ~ 65%, phosphorus, potassium account for 20% ~ 30%, and spray leaf fertilizer is 0.5% ~ 0.6% urea, 0.1% ~ 0.2% superphosphate, 0.2% ~ 0.5% sulfuric acid, 0.3% ~ 0.4% zinc sulphate, 0.5% ~ 0.6% iron molybdate, 0.3% ~ 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
Preferably, the breeding method of described Wampee tree, wholely meticulously loosens the soil, and executes well-rotted farmyard manure and carefully harrows evenly, plays furrow, available drilling or broadcast sowing, and covers one deck thin soil, and cover weeds moisturizing after broadcasting.
Preferably, the breeding method of described Wampee tree, transplanting can be planted in nursery, is good with fertile soil, mu executes well-rotted farmyard manure 1000 ~ 1200kg, after thin rake of deep ploughing, plays the wide 1 ~ 1.2m of furrow, high 10cm, cultivation distance is line-spacing 15cm, spacing in the rows 10cm.
Preferably, the breeding method of described Wampee tree, pouring can be started after planting latter one month and execute thin farmyard manure or composite fertilizer, timely weeding is loosened the soil and is removed the sprout tillers that trunk grows, height of seedling 70 ~ 80cm, can grafting be carried out when the footpath at high 15cm place, native face slightly reaches 0.5 ~ 0.8cm, choose the scion of elite stand annual branch row culture, usually adopt cleft grafting or cut-grafting.
The breeding method of Wampee tree provided by the invention, by the heat of seed filter cold water soak, makes the vernalization speed of clausenae Lansium fast, impels seedling to grow up strong and sturdy, survival rate and fruiting rate high.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the scope that embodiment represents.
Embodiment 1
Domestication: spread lower seed in field, water, keeps field capacity to reach 60%, continues 20 days, obtain the plant grown fine, and carrying out acclimation to the seed of Wampee tree is in order to clausenae Lansium seed is absorbing sufficient moisture, plays the effect of drought resisting domestication; Seed treatment: by step 1) in the plant maturation clausenae Lansium of forming, gather, remove pulp, remove seed to go in the hot water of 50 DEG C filter fast by it, filtration time controls at 0.2 second, after hot water filters, seed is placed in cold water and soaks 5 minutes, clausenae Lansium seed top layer is with layer of transparent colloidal substance object, be unfavorable for the quick pregermination growth of clausenae Lansium, through the filtration of superheated water, this layer of transparent colloid can be scalded, the plumule maintaining seed through cold water soak filter filter of not being heated is bad; Vernalization: get up by the soil bag of plastic film by 30cm, add wheat bran, water, keep soil moisture between 50%, put into the seed of the Wampee tree after process, be then placed in shady and cool place, guarantee light application time every day 1 hour, intensity of illumination is 1000lx, carries out vernalization to seed, and the presprouting of seeds speed after cold water soak is fast; Be transplanted to after after vernalization success, seed grows radicle in the abundant soil of content of organics, plantation spacing is 20cm; Topdress: soil is fertile in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium coordinate, and nitrogen amount of application accounts for annual fertilizing amount 60%%, and phosphorus, potassium account for 30%, spray leaf fertilizer is 0.5% urea, 0.2% superphosphate, 0.5% potassium sulfate, 0.4% zinc sulphate, 0.4% iron molybdate, 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the Wampee tree seed viability 88% of cultivation, the setting ratio 84% of clausenae Lansium.
Embodiment 2
Domestication: spread lower seed in field, water, keeps field capacity to reach 65%, continues 20 days, obtain the plant grown fine, and carrying out acclimation to the seed of Wampee tree is in order to clausenae Lansium seed is absorbing sufficient moisture, plays the effect of drought resisting domestication; Seed treatment: by step 1) in the plant maturation clausenae Lansium of forming, gather, remove pulp, remove seed to go in the hot water of 55 DEG C filter fast by it, filtration time controls at 0.5 second, after hot water filters, seed is placed in cold water and soaks 5 minutes, clausenae Lansium seed top layer is with layer of transparent colloidal substance object, be unfavorable for the quick pregermination growth of clausenae Lansium, through the filtration of superheated water, this layer of transparent colloid can be scalded, the plumule maintaining seed through cold water soak filter filter of not being heated is bad; Vernalization: get up by the soil bag of plastic film by 40cm, add wheat bran, water, keep soil moisture between 60%, put into the seed of the Wampee tree after process, be then placed in shady and cool place, guarantee light application time every day 2 hours, intensity of illumination is 13001x, carries out vernalization to seed, and the presprouting of seeds speed after cold water soak is fast; Be transplanted to after after vernalization success, seed grows radicle in the abundant soil of content of organics, plantation spacing is 20cm; Topdress: soil is fertile in nitrogen, and phosphorus, potassium coordinate, and nitrogen amount of application accounts for annual fertilizing amount 65%%, phosphorus, potassium account for 25%, spray leaf fertilizer is 0.3% urea, 0.5% superphosphate, 0.4% potassium sulfate, 0., 2% zinc sulphate, 0.5% iron molybdate, 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the Wampee tree seed viability 82% cultivated, the setting ratio 80% of clausenae Lansium.
Although embodiment of the present invention are open as above, but it is not restricted to listed in specification and embodiment utilization, it can be applied to various applicable the field of the invention completely, for those skilled in the art, can easily realize other amendment, therefore do not deviating under the universal that claim and equivalency range limit, the present invention is not limited to specific details and illustrates here and describe example.

Claims (4)

1. a breeding method for Wampee tree, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) tame: spread lower seed in field, water, keep field capacity to reach 60-65%, continue 20 days, obtain the plant grown fine;
2) seed treatment: by step 1) in the plant maturation clausenae Lansium of forming, gather, remove pulp, remove seed and go in the hot water of 50-60 DEG C filter fast by it, filtration time controls in 0.2-0.5 second, is placed in cold water by seed and soaks 5-10 minute after hot water filters;
3) vernalization: be the soil bag of 30-40cm by thickness with plastic film, add wheat bran, water, keep soil moisture between 50-60%, put into the seed of the Wampee tree after process, be then placed in shady and cool place, ensure light application time 1-2 hour every day, intensity of illumination is 1000-1300lx, carries out vernalization to seed;
4) culture transferring: be transplanted to after seed grows radicle after vernalization success in the abundant soil of content of organics, plantation spacing is 20-30cm;
5) topdress: soil is fertile in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium coordinate, nitrogen amount of application accounts for annual fertilizing amount 60% ~ 65%, phosphorus, potassium account for 20% ~ 30%, and spray leaf fertilizer is 0.5% ~ 0.6% urea, 0.1% ~ 0.2% superphosphate, 0.2% ~ 0.5% potassium sulfate 0.3% ~ 0.4% zinc sulphate, 0.5% ~ 0.6% iron molybdate, 0.3% ~ 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, above-mentioned ratio is the mass percent of each material.
2. the breeding method of Wampee tree according to claim 1, is characterized in that: wholely meticulously loosen the soil, and executes well-rotted farmyard manure and carefully harrows evenly, play furrow, drilling or broadcast sowing, and covers one deck thin soil, and cover weeds moisturizing after broadcasting.
3. the breeding method of Wampee tree according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: be implanted in nursery and plant, is good with fertile soil, mu executes well-rotted farmyard manure 1000 ~ 1200kg, after thin rake of deep ploughing, plays the wide 1 ~ 1.2m of furrow, high 10cm, cultivation distance is line-spacing 15cm, spacing in the rows 10cm.
4. the breeding method of Wampee tree according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: start pouring after planting latter one month and execute thin farmyard manure or composite fertilizer, timely weeding is loosened the soil and is removed the sprout tillers that trunk grows, height of seedling 70 ~ 80cm, grafting is carried out when the footpath at high 15cm place, native face slightly reaches 0.5 ~ 0.8cm, choose the scion of elite stand annual branch row culture, adopt cleft grafting or cut-grafting.
CN201310719457.3A 2013-12-20 2013-12-20 A kind of breeding method of Wampee tree Expired - Fee Related CN103703983B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104025962A (en) * 2014-06-27 2014-09-10 太仓市惠其农机专业合作社 Planting method of Chinese wampee fruit
CN105009906B (en) * 2015-07-29 2017-07-18 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 A kind of Randia cochinchinensis seeding cultivating method
CN105145236A (en) * 2015-07-31 2015-12-16 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 Clausena dentata sand bed seedling nursing method
CN106106005A (en) * 2016-08-24 2016-11-16 蒋丽红 A kind of cultural method of Longan Seedlings
CN106508571A (en) * 2016-10-28 2017-03-22 韦绍华 Cultivation method for litchi seedlings
CN106718565A (en) * 2016-12-14 2017-05-31 陈培党 A kind of seedless wampee treelet planting technology method
CN109076849A (en) * 2018-06-22 2018-12-25 广西陆川县兰辉农业科技有限公司 A kind of implantation methods of Wampee tree
CN114931054A (en) * 2022-05-31 2022-08-23 中国热带农业科学院三亚研究院 Method for cultivating Chinese wampee fruit saplings with high survival rate

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CN103392465A (en) * 2013-06-25 2013-11-20 普定县绿源苗业开发有限公司 Method for breeding seeds of Phellodendron Chinese Schneid
CN103392466A (en) * 2013-06-25 2013-11-20 普定县绿源苗业开发有限公司 Method for planting Phellodendron Chinense Schneid

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